Subjective Sense Research Articles

Literary mystification as a sociocultural phenomenon. Bulgakov — Ilf and Petrov: the issue of authorship

The article analyzes the version that the novels "The Twelve Chairs" and "The Little Golden Calf" were written by Mikhail Bulgakov, and not by Ilf and Petrov, as it was always believed. Since the author of the article is a Russian philologist (PhD Candidate in Philology and chief researcher at the university), this information, which acts as a kind of challenge to society, has become the subject of scientific research. The author shows that the version of Bulgakov's authorship was put forward in 2013 in the book "12 Chairs from Mikhail Bulgakov" by Irina Amlinsky (Germany), who has no philological education. As evidence, the book’s author only presents personal impressions and the subjective sense of style, which Ms. Amlinsky claims to be the same in "The Master and Margarita", and in books about Ostap Bender. In addition, as shown in the article, there is a more serious argument: neither before nor after the release of the dilogy, neither Ilf nor Petrov presented anything special in literature or wrote nothing of the kind, and this is true. This article presents an attempt to answer the question of whether Ilf and Petrov could have been the authors of two such magnificent novels. And if not, then who could qualify for this role according to the level of talent? The article combines elements of philological study and documentary archival research. It can be recommended as part of the preparation of lectures within the disciplines "Literary Studies", "History of Literature", and "Cultural Studies".

Master Narratives, Self-Simulation, and the Healing of the Self

AbstractInfiltrated consciousness occurs when a subject's sense of self comes to be strongly and negatively shaped by victimizing master narratives. Consider the stay-at-home dad who has internalized a harmful narrative of traditional masculinity and so feels ashamed because he is not the family's bread winner. One way master narratives infiltrate consciousness is through conditioning self-simulation by assigning a hierarchy of values to different social roles. Further, master narratives confine self-simulation by prescribing certain social roles to an individual and prohibiting others. One common suggestion for counteracting infiltrated consciousness is to transform it through membership in new communities with new master narratives. But how does such healing happen? This essay offers a response. Recent psychological research on constructivist theories of memory outlines a naturalistically plausible mechanism for self-simulation. I argue that this mechanism is implicated in transforming infiltrated consciousness. This clarifies features of our psychological architecture that make the alteration of self-concepts possible.

Psychosocial mediators between socioeconomic status and oral health among urban-dwelling older adults

Objectives This study examined the psychosocial mediators that most effectively mediate the socioeconomic status (SES)-based differences in oral health (OH) among urban-dwelling older adults.Methods A representative sample of individuals aged ≥65 years living in two areas with different residential SES in Tokyo produced 739 effective participants. OH was based on the total score of subjective sense of health, number of remaining teeth, and oral function. SES was evaluated by education and income. Based on the socioecological model, mediators were assessed using self-esteem, social support, and depression.Results Based on the multiple mediation analysis, no significant effects were observed for specific psychosocial factors. However, the overall psychosocial factors showed significant effects as the mediating factor between income and OH. The mediating effect of overall psychosocial factors was not significant regarding years of education and oral health.Conclusion A hybrid of life-stage preventive activities and overall reduction of psychosocial risk factors may eliminate the differences in OH by SES.

К вопросу о понимании феномена «правовая охрана»

The problem of understanding the phenomenon of "legal protection" is one of the urgent problems facing the modern theory of state and law. The subject of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, are the structural and functional patterns of legal protection as a phenomenon of legal science. In the course of the study, a number of results were obtained that constitute a certain scientific novelty: the concept of legal protection was given, which is proposed to be considered in two senses: in the objective and subjective. In an objective sense, legal protection should be understood as a system of protective rules of law that establish protection measures (methods for protecting and restoring violated rights) and measures of responsibility (punishment) in the event of unlawful acts. In a subjective sense, legal protection should be understood as the process of establishing and implementing protection measures and liability measures in the event of unlawful acts.
 Also in this article, the main elements of legal protection were considered, which include: subjects of legal protection; subject of legal protection, principles of legal protection, method of legal protection, mechanism of legal protection. In addition, the functions of legal protection, and factors affecting its effectiveness, were considered.

Compare the Effect of Traditional and Virtual Reality Training on Subjective-sense of Instability and Balance in Basketball-players with Functional Ankle Instability: Matched Randomized Clinical Trial.

Functional ankle instability (FAI) is a common injury. Traditional training improved the reported balance impairment and subjective sense of instability in athletes with FAI. This study aims to compare the effects of traditional and virtual reality training on a subjective sense of instability and balance in athlete with FAI. In this single-blinded matched randomized clinical trial design, Fifty-four basketball players were randomly assigned in the virtual reality (n=27) or control (n=27) groups. All athletes performed 12 sessions Wii exercises or traditional training in the virtual reality and the control group, respectively, for three days a week. To assess the subjective-sense of instability and balance, we used Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), respectively. Measures were taken at pre- and post-test and one month after training as a follow-up. The between-group comparisons were done by the analysis of Covariance. At the pre-test, the CAIT score was 22.37, 22.04 in the control and virtual reality groups, respectively and at the post-test, these scores increased to 26.63, 27.26. The involved limb showed significant differences in posteromedial and posterior directions of the SEBT and CAIT score in the post-test and in the posterior direction and CAIT score in the follow-up. The virtual reality group had better performance than the control group but the effect size is small (cohen's d<0.2). Based on our results, both training protocols were effective in reducing the subjective-sense of instability and improved balance in athletes with FAI. Moreover, virtual reality training was very attractive for the participants.

전시컨벤션센터가 지역주민의 장소애착심과 공동체의식에 미치는 영향 연구 - 킨텍스(KINTEX)를 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to investigate the significant effects of local residents' place attachment and sense of community subject to exhibition and convention centers, with the focus on the relationship between the convention and exhibition center and the local residents, which is the foundation of its industry. In addition, this study is to find out the place meaning of the convention and exhibition center and to suggest that there is a strong connection between local residents and local community. With this point of view, the theory and measurement scale of the place affection which has been actively studied in the field of environmental psychology was applied to the convention and exhibition field. The place meaning in the convention and exhibition center was analyzed, and in addition, the relationship between sense of community was identified and the direction of the role of the convention and exhibition center to the local residents and community is proposed. This study used a total of 289 valid samples of surveys responded by the local residents over 20 years of old and above, living in west-Ilsan and east-Ilsan centering ‘KINTEX’ which is located in Goyang city in Gyeonggi province. As a result of structural equation model analysis using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs, the factors such as place identity and place dependence from the place attachment has shown a significant impact on the effects of economic, social and cultural influences on the convention and exhibition center. On the other hand, the relationship between tourism influence factor and place attachment impact was not significant. As a result of analyzing the effect of place attachment on sense of community, both place identity and place dependence were all significant in sense of community. These results can be used as basic data to analyze the perception of local residents in the operation of the convention and exhibition center. Also, it is expected that the convention and exhibition center will continue to develop and serve as a medium to build a stable image and a differentiated characteristic of a location.

Navigability of Residential Care Homes From Residents', Family Members', and Staff's Points of View: The Residential Care Home Navigability Scale.

Navigational skills display clear signs of decline with increasing age, especially in pathological aging. Therefore, navigability-the extent to which destinations can be reached with reasonable effort and time-should be considered in residential care home design. We aimed to develop a scale assessing environmental features (i.e., indoor visual differentiation, signage, and layout) for navigability in residential care homes: the Residential Care Home Navigability (RCHN) scale. To this end, we examined whether navigability and its factors were associated with a sense of direction within the residential care homes to different degrees for older adult residents, caregivers, and staff. The relationship between navigability and residential satisfaction was also considered. A sample of 523 participants (230 residents, 126 family caregivers, and 167 staff members) responded to the RCHN, assessed their sense of orientation and general satisfaction, and performed a pointing task. Results confirmed the RCHN scale's 3-level factor structure, good reliability, and validity. A subjective sense of direction, but not pointing task performance, was associated with navigability and its factors. In particular, visual differentiation is positively associated with a sense of direction regardless of group, whereas signage and layout contributed to a better experience of a sense of direction, especially among older residents. Navigability was not related to residents' satisfaction. Navigability supports perceived orientation in residential care homes, especially for older residents. Moreover, the RCHN is a reliable tool for the assessment of RCHN, with important implications for minimizing spatial disorientation through environmental interventions.

A subject’s autonomy: Undidactic mediation in Georg Lukács and John Dewey

This paper looks at autonomy through the dynamic relationship between particularity, experience, and subjectivism in the works of Georg Lukács and John Dewey. While the focus on autonomy appears to be initially focused on the relationship between universality and particularity, the ultimate goal is to then situate the discussion on the horizon of education. Given Dewey’s and Lukács’s common Hegelian lineage, this paper looks at whether they retain elements of commonality, especially in terms of the arts, and whether forms of mediation in art and education could avoid becoming didactic. To explore these questions, this paper revisits subjectivity in two forms: (a) as a form of mediation, and (b) as immediate experience. Some play on the subject as being ( qua subjectivity) and a subject (like art) in the curriculum might enter the discussion. However, the former sense of subject tends to be more central than the latter. While immediate subjectivity is critiqued by Lukács as being open to a fragmentation of reality that leads to forms of oppression, the Deweyan perspective proposes a way out of the cycle that traps subjectivism between didactic and fragmentary forms of being. Can the subject mediate without proposing a form of learning that presumes reality as a fixed ground? And could we predicate subjectivist immediacy by what Dewey, in Experience and Nature calls “the recognition of ‘subjects’ as centres of experience” that are, in effect, “equivalent to the emergence of agencies equipped with special powers of observation and experiment”? The binding horizon for both questions will be that of what Lukács calls the speciality of the artwork’s own “world” [ eigenen “Welt”] and the dilemmas that this could raise when contextualized in education.

Becoming more and more European: nationhood, Europe, and same-Sex sexualities in the life stories of Lithuanian LGBQ people

ABSTRACT I discuss Lithuanian LGBQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual and queer) people’s views on belonging to the West/EUrope. I will argue that the research participants’ age group, location of residence, their (not)involvement with LGBTQ+ leisure culture and/or their migrant status made a significant impact towards forming their subjective sense of (not) belonging to the West, when they discussed their personal experiences of spending time abroad. When belonging to the West/EUrope was discussed against the backdrop of national belonging, the research participants syncretised the elements of the dominant nationalistic narrative, and the Rainbow Europe narrative in order to homosexualise the national canon and to construct an accommodating version of Lithuania as the Rainbow Nation.

The Development and Evolution of Scholar-bureaucrat Politics in the Northern Song Dynasty

The literati and officialdom in the Northern Song Dynasty developed a political consciousness and demands that had not existed among their predecessors. They established political identities and cultivated a strong sense of political subjectivity. This paper mainly examines how the literati and officialdom politics developed and evolved in the Northern Song Dynasty. Using the research method of literature reviews, the paper focuses on the following questions: how the emperors of the early Northern Song Dynasty designed and constructed governing structures, how these structures affected the literati and bureaucratic system, and how literati and officialdom politics developed based on their acceptance and rejection of these ideas. The Northern Song literati showed their unique cultural profile as they ruled together with the emperor and, as a result, created a peculiar literati bureaucratic politics. The Northern Song literati bureaucrats evolved and strengthened their subjectivity both through the political status they acquired and through their political participation.

Certain aspects of the use of goal setting as a methodological technique for the study of administrative law

The article, based on the analysis of the norms of public and private law, offers some advantages of using goal-setting as a methodological technique for the study of administrative law. It was established that the process of formation and implementation of goals has an important role in administrative and legal regulation, and therefore should have a scientific basis in the form of “goal setting”. If the goals of all elements of the administrative law system are properly defined and formulated, then, firstly, law enforcement subjects will be able to carry out targeted management, control, law enforcementactivities and activities related to the provision of administrative services, and secondly, this will create favorable conditions for the formation and the development of legal awareness among private individuals, which will have a positive effect on the observance of the general regime оf legality in the state. It has been proven that “right in the subjective sense” goes beyondresearch through the lens of goal setting. This is due to the fact that, firstly, natural human rights are only declarations that cannot be realized in real life without “rights in the objective sense”, secondly, the rights of a citizen are the result of legal regulation of social relations in a specific country, and therefore they should be considered exclusively as a result of achieving the goals of administrative and legal regulation. It is proved that the criteria for dividing the law into public and private law are the goals of legal regulation, which can be determined through the analysis of types of legal regulation. It was found thatthe following type of legal regulation is used in administrative and legal regulation in relation to public administration entities: “Only what is provided for by law is allowed.” That is, the main goal of administrative and legal regulation in relation to subjects of public administration is to prevent arbitrariness on the part of subjects endowed with public-authority powers. In relation to private individuals, the following type of administrative and legal regulation is used: “All that is provided for and not prohibited by law is permitted.” This type of administrative-legal regulation pursues two goals at once, which are hierarchically located next to each other: 1) to maximally ensure the realization of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen in relationswith the state and other subjects endowed with public-authority relations; 2) not to limit the variability of the behavior of private individuals in administrative legal relations in cases where there are no clear requirements for such behavior in the form of prescriptions or prohibitions or in cases where there are gaps in administrative and legal regulation.

The Normative Value of Making a Positive Contribution–Benefiting Others as a Core Dimension of Meaningful Work

Most normative accounts of meaningful work have focused on the value of autonomy and capability for self-development. Here, I will propose that contribution–having a positive impact on others through one’s work–is another central dimension of meaningful work. Being able to contribute through one’s work should be recognized as one of the key axiological values that work can serve, providing one independent justification for why work is valuable and worth doing. Conversely, I argue that having to do work that has no positive impact, or where one is separated from such impact, is an underrecognized type of alienation. Such alienation as pointlessness can be as harmful as the more recognized types of alienation such as powerlessness. Recognizing contribution as a core dimension of meaningful work is compatible with both subjectivist and objectivist accounts of meaningfulness, but I come to support a mixed view where the subjective sense of contributing must be sufficiently warranted by the facts of the situation. Recognizing the inescapable interest humans have for being able to contribute and engage in work that is not pointless has implications for the duties societies, organizations, and individuals have as regards ensuring that work conducted includes a recognizable positive impact. Along with autonomy and self-development, contribution should thus be seen as an independent axiological value that work can serve, its frustration being associated with a specific type of alienation, and it itself playing a key role in what makes work valuable and meaningful.

The role of consciously timed movements in shaping and improving auditory timing.

Our subjective sense of time is intertwined with a plethora of perceptual, cognitive and motor functions, and likewise, the brain is equipped to expertly filter, weight and combine these signals for seamless interactions with a dynamic world. Until relatively recently, the literature on time perception has excluded the influence of simultaneous motor activity, yet it has been found that motor circuits in the brain are at the core of most timing functions. Several studies have now identified that concurrent movements exert robust effects on perceptual timing estimates, but critically have not assessed how humans consciously judge the duration of their own movements. This creates a gap in our understanding of the mechanisms driving movement-related effects on sensory timing. We sought to address this gap by administering a sensorimotor timing task in which we explicitly compared the timing of isolated auditory tones and arm movements, or both simultaneously. We contextualized our findings within a Bayesian cue combination framework, in which separate sources of temporal information are weighted by their reliability and integrated into a unitary time estimate that is more precise than either unisensory estimate. Our results revealed differences in accuracy between auditory, movement and combined trials, and (crucially) that combined trials were the most accurately timed. Under the Bayesian framework, we found that participants' combined estimates were more precise than isolated estimates, yet were sub-optimal when compared with the model's prediction, on average. These findings elucidate previously unknown qualities of conscious motor timing and propose computational mechanisms that can describe how movements combine with perceptual signals to create unified, multimodal experiences of time.

Influence of bodily states on cognition: A web-based study in individuals with body integrity dysphoria

There is a constant reciprocal flow of information between the malleable sensorimotor states of the body and cognitive functions, and some embodied cognition approaches argue that many cognitive-affective mechanisms depend on the physical characteristics of the body. To examine such influences of bodily state, the current study compared patients with body integrity dysphoria (BID) with an amputation desire of the lower limb to a healthy control group on an Implicit Association Test for self-identity and self-esteem, and a pain evaluation task. Patients with BID completed the tasks once while emulating their desired bodily state and once while simulating their undesired bodily state, while healthy controls were split into two groups: one control group completed the experiment once while either sitting on one leg and once while sitting in a normal position, whereas the other control group completed both experiments while sitting in a normal position. Results demonstrate that patients with BID implicitly identify more strongly with an amputated body, whereas healthy controls demonstrate stronger identification with a complete body, independent of bodily state. Furthermore, implicit self-esteem did not differ between the groups and was also not modulated by bodily state manipulation in any of the groups. Pain evaluation ratings were not influenced by bodily state manipulation, perspective, or consistency. Pain forced choice response times, however, revealed that individuals with BID were faster to judge whether the stimulus depicted was painful when simulating their desired bodily state. These results provide insightful information to how both the subjective sense of body, as well as more transient alterations of objective sensorimotor states of the physical body may exert selective pressure on certain cognitive tasks.

Socialism

Anglo-American socialism has reached a curious impasse. Levels of economic inequality not seen since the nineteenth century would lead one to anticipate an upsurge in socialist affiliation and activism. Nevertheless, socialism has stagnated as a political force. This essay argues that, as a collectivist ideology, socialism demands a degree of communal identification that modern individuals find uncomfortable, even threatening, to the integrity of the self. Investigating this discomfort leads me to argue that, while socialism is not a religion (pace the claim of Gareth Stedman Jones), it nonetheless flourishes in eras of spiritual and societal foment. In such periods, communal effervescence softens the boundaries of the self, rendering collectivist ideologies like socialism more intuitive and appealing. Given desacralizing trends in Anglo-America, a contemporary socialist revival would seem unlikely. Consequently, I argue that it is time for progressives to embrace, rather than critique, the strong sense of individual autonomy and deep subjectivity that characterizes bourgeois individualism. The Victorian socialist canon provides many resources for a reconciliation of individualism and collectivism, which I illustrate via reference to H. G. Wells, John Stuart Mill, and Oscar Wilde.

Artyfikacja jako innowacyjna metoda aktywizacji twórczej seniorów

The end of working life results in social isolation for seniors, which can be compensated by using art therapy, understood as a therapeutic practice. Its development, among other things, is provided by medicine, especially neurology and the results of research into brain ageing. Used for geriatric rehabilitation purposes, it is based on equivalent elements: art and therapy, with the overriding function of the idea as the cause of the work. Artification, on the other hand, understood as a situation or process in which objects not commonly regarded as art are transformed into some thing similar to art or into something that alludes to artistic ways of thinking and acting, is a more subtle form of working with emotion and perception in older people. These considerations inspired the development of a working method on the interface between (art)therapy and art education. Tested at institutions supporting seniors and people with disabilities (Hospicjum Cordis in Katowice, Hospicjum Dar Serca in Częstochowa), artification became a method aimed at strengthening the creativity and sense of subjectivity of seniors by means of a creative process and involvement in discovering their lives as art. The method was developed by a team of researchers from the Academy of Fine Arts in Katowice and the University of Silesia in Katowice, and the project developed with grant support of the ‘Good Innovations’ programme. The process is depicted in a video accompanying the handbook, enabling therapists to create their own therapeutic plans, inspiring the exploration of their own creativity and that of their clients, targeted at improving selected areas of functioning. Artification is a way of activation that can be applied to different groups. It is also a service based on stimulating the ability to perceive the world spontaneously and creatively.

Family or career? Happiness and success of youth through orientation towards professional and family values

This article explores the connection between young people’s focus on professional and family values and their subjective sense of happiness and success. This subject is pertinent in today’s world, where an increasing number of youths prioritize material accomplishments and careers, often neglecting their personal lives and relationships. The empirical findings are derived from the authors’ sociological study involving young participants (aged 14–35) and utilizing a questionnaire as the research method. The findings indicate that young individuals who exhibit strong career orientations are less happy, while those with predominant family values experience greater success and report higher levels of subjective happiness. However, examining the respondents’ family and professional values reveals a complex and multifaceted distribution among “happy”/“unhappy” and “successful”/“unsuccessful” categories, preventing a clear-cut and polarized classification of these groups. Investigating young people’s focus on professional and family values helps us comprehend their influence on happiness, success, and self-realization. The importance of maintaining a balance between work and personal life is emphasized, as seen through the lens of self-perceived happiness and success, ultimately contributing to more comprehensive individual self-realization and improved life satisfaction. This knowledge can assist educational institutions, youth policy implementation divisions, and education departments in devising effective strategies to support young people’s life choices and growth, as well as in establishing conditions that promote more complete self-realization. Examining young people’s orientation towards professional and family values can enable society to better understand and address the changing value orientations of young individuals and implement appropriate measures to support their needs and interests.

Increased relaxation, less boredom, and a faster passage of time during a period of silence in the forest.

There is growing evidence of the beneficial effects of exposure to nature on health and well-being. Time spent in nature can decrease stress, anxiety, depression, and improve mood. In the present study, we compared the experience of a short period of silence in the natural environment of a forest with the same amount of silence in a seminar room. We applied an intra-subject design with two 6:30-min sessions of silence in two different environments (forest, seminar room). The participants (n=41) were assigned to four groups. Two groups started with the indoor condition and two groups with the outdoor condition. After 1 week, the two groups were exposed to the other condition. Participants filled out personality-trait scales on meaning in life and belief in oneness with the world, as well as state scales assessing emotional reactions, relaxation, boredom, and the subjective sense of self, time, and space. Participants felt significantly more relaxed and less bored in the forest compared to indoors. They experienced time less intensely, judging it to pass faster and to last shorter in the forest. Regarding trait variables, the higher the search for meaning, the higher oneness beliefs in participants. The higher oneness beliefs, the more positive participants felt during silence in the forest. Interest in nature-assisted therapy is increasing in the healthcare sector. Exposure to silence in the natural setting of a forest could prove to be an effective complement to interventions applied in nature-assisted therapy, such as forest therapy.

Ontološka bezbednost i kolektivni identitet kroz prizmu strateške kulture na primeru Kosova i Metohije

The paper theoretically investigates the phenomena of ontological security and collective identity through the prism of strategic culture, with an empirical elaboration of the case study of Kosovo and Metohija. The authors supplement the realistic understanding of security with a social-constructivist perspective, emphasizing the influence of values, ideas, perceptions and culture in general in the shaping of collective identity, which is closely related to the subjective sense of security. The main hypothesis is that the solidity of the collective identity survives regardless of external pressures and reshaping tendencies because its survival is perceived as an inseparable essence of ontological security. The authors conclude that the strength of collective identity in certain situations overcomes the problems of collapsed institutions and the absence of actors who advocate the basic values of that identity. Kosovo and Metohija is more than a material part of the territory, strongly building the foundations of collective identity. An individual who feels a sense of belonging to such a collective identity will almost instinctively reject any solution which affects that identity, so he will perceive an attack on those values, no matter how intense, as a feeling of personal insecurity.

Social media wellbeing: Perceived wellbeing amidst social media use in Norway

Social media use is a topical issue and raises several concerns including online comparison and social media fatigue, which have implications on the perceived wellbeing of users. Thus, this study explores how university students in Norway perceive their wellbeing in respect to their social media usage. To answer this, the study employs a qualitative approach by drawing from a set of 15 in-depth interviews ascertaining how informants perceive their social media use, what ‘balance’ means to their social media connectedness, and how it impacts their subjective sense of wellbeing. The research draws on the theory of mediatization as well as the uses and gratification theory. The mode of analysis rests on an interpretative phenomenological analysis to place findings within the larger context of the role of social media in the daily lives of users. This paper makes a conceptual and empirical contribution. Conceptually, it adds value to how scholarship can theorize wellbeing within social media contexts. Whereas empirically it illuminates how users perceive their wellbeing within the social media landscape and the solutions they propose to balance social media use.