Information Research Articles

The association between nap time, nighttime sleep and depression in Chinese older adults: A cross-sectional study.

To explore the relationship among nap time, night sleep time, and depression among the elderly and to determine the recommended sleep time to provide a scientific and reasonable basis for the prevention and control of depression in residents. Based on the 2020 China Health and Elderly Care Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) database, the demographic data and the health and lifestyle information of the study subjects were obtained. A total of 2,959 valid samples were included, and the relationship between sleep and depression was explored by logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and isotemporal substitution model. In the cross-sectional analysis, no statistical relationship was observed between napping time and depression in the elderly. The optimal sleep interval for the elderly at night is 6-7.5 hours, and the health benefits are the largest. A sleep duration of < 6 hours at night (OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.90 to 2.65) was associated with a high likelihood of depression. The probability of depression in the elderly continues to decrease with the increase of time after the nighttime sleep duration reaches 6 hours and is at the lowest level of about 7.5 hours. Moreover, the probability of depression will increase after the sleep duration exceeds 9.5 hours. In the range of 6-7.5 hours of recommended sleep duration, the likelihood of depression in the elderly will be reduced by 0.311 for every 30-minute increase in nighttime sleep time instead of noon sleep time. The duration of nighttime sleep and the probability of depression have a U-shaped relationship. The likelihood of depression was lowest in the elderly who slept for 6-8 hours at night, and the likelihood of depression could be reduced by increasing the nighttime sleep time instead of napping time within the optimal nighttime sleep range.

Artificial Intelligence based Computer Vision Analysis for Smart Education Interactive Visualization

The pedagogical of computer programming education is being enriched and improved through the interactive learning material. Visualization, modeling, and internet platforms for developing interactive visual skills are only a few examples of the types of specialized learning material currently accessible for use in a wide range of computing classes. There are some specific challenges related to the implementation of active learning, such as insufficient time for class, an increase in preparation, implementing students' engagement in extensive courses, and a lack of necessary materials, technology, or supplies. Computer vision is a subfield of AI that allows machines to learn from visual data (such as photos, movies, and other digital media) and then act on or offer solutions to problems. To enhance the efficiency of intelligent interactive learning and practice, this article incorporates a visual machine vision analytical framework under the guidance of Artificial intelligence to create a Machine-Vision-based Smart Education Assistance System (MV-SEAS). Visualization speeds up and simplifies regular communication by consolidating several forms of information into a single visual representation. This study discusses how visualizing information is crucial for students' initial knowledge acquisition and continued education and development. The seamless amalgamation of automated innovative education analyses and interactive visualizations is emphasized. The paper aimed to identify and characterize the technical challenges mentioned above must be surmounted to make it simpler for computer educators to discover, adopt, and tailor intelligent learning materials. The study concludes by proposing an MV-SEAS for storing, integrating, and disseminating smart educational data. It investigates whether it can be done using existing standards and guidelines. In the end, this essay combines trials to prove the effectiveness of the proposed smart education method. The findings demonstrate that interactive visualization of AI-assisted smart education may effectively combine subject experts' information with educators' experience to produce more powerful and easily intelligible machine intelligence.

Analysis of the motivation of college students’ participation in governance: Endogenous demands and exogenous promotions

The participation of university students in school governance is an inevitable requirement for building a modern higher education community. As participants in this community, students undoubtedly play an important role in governance, whether they are “producers and consumers” in the economic sense, “rights holders and obligation implementers” in the legal sense, or “responsible persons” in organizational behavior. To study the mechanism of student participation in university governance, it is necessary to first explore the motives behind student participation in university governance, delve into its logical starting point, and thus construct a mechanism system. The participation of college students in university governance has both internal and external driving factors. Constructing a motivation mechanism for student participation in university governance, consisting of subjective attitude, participation needs, self-efficacy, participation system, democratic communication, and information feedback, helps to comprehensively understand the internal correlation of the motivation factors for student participation in university governance, and provides useful theoretical support or reference basis for strengthening university governance.

Adverse events of topical ocular prostaglandin medications for glaucoma treatment: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database.

As prostaglandin medications, crucial in glaucoma treatment, become more widely used, their local adverse events are increasingly observed. To evaluate the common adverse events of four clinically commonly used prostaglandin F (FP) receptor agonists in the treatment of glaucoma in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. We screened and analyzed the generic and brand names of latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost, and tafluprost in the FAERS database and summarized and cleaned the baseline information of subjects receiving the above-mentioned drugs. Perform descriptive statistical analysis on the baseline information of subjects using the drugs. Conduct disproportionality analysis of drug-related adverse events. The criteria for positive signals of adverse events are established by simultaneously meeting the thresholds set by four methods: the ratio of reported odds, proportional reporting ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker. Additionally, assess the cumulative risk curves for drug-induced time of the aforementioned drugs and use one-way ANOVA to compare differences in drug-induced time across different groups. The study included 1567 latanoprost, 1517 bimatoprost, 696 travoprost, and 82 tafluprost subjects. Adverse events mainly affected eye disorders, with significant issues in iris hyperpigmentation, ocular pemphigoid, corneal endothelial cell loss, periorbital fat atrophy, corneal irritation, eyelash growth, and ocular hyperemia. The time to onset varied among drugs, with latanoprost showing the longest (mean days = 344.37) and bimatoprost the shortest duration (mean days = 155.65; p < 0.001). Although signal detection analysis based on the FAERS database cannot establish a definitive causal relationship, our study found that FP receptor agonists used in glaucoma can cause various adverse events. Assessing their clinical suitability and potential side effects is crucial for providing personalized treatment and ensuring medication safety.

A Study on the Influence o f Human Resources Info rmation System on the Performance of I t Companies

A Study on the Influence o f Human Resources Info rmation System on the Performance of I t Companies

Exploring English Translation Strategies Oriented by Big Data Technology

Abstract English translation is not a simple task, and it needs to be translated on the basis of different languages and cultures in order to get the ideal translation effect and promote cross-cultural communication between different languages. In this paper, with the help of web crawler technology to crawl the Chinese-English translation corpus data, and use the inverse document frequency and dynamic planning ideas to align the corpus data, the Chinese-English translation corpus is established. The LDA model is used to mine subject information in the Chinese-English translation corpus, and edge distribution estimation is used to construct the English translation model. For the application of the translation model and the Chinese-English translation corpus in improving the quality and effect of English translation, the word and sentence features, target word blocks, and the comparison of language features of human-computer translation from the Chinese-English corpus are verified in various aspects. The results show that the class/formant ratio of the source language in the corpus is between 56.73% and 75.84%, its average word length fluctuates in the range of [3.91,5.62], and the target word chunks of the English text are mainly based on nominal and verbal structures. The English translation model has a less significant discrepancy in other language features than human translation, except for the difference of 4.526 between sentence lengths. English translation needs to adopt a reasonable annotation method, semantic conversion, and technical tools to improve the quality of English translation.

Opposing objective and subjective wellbeing outcomes within an environmentally vulnerable delta: a case study of Volta Delta, Ghana.

Despite a growing interest in the measurement and conceptualization of wellbeing, the integration within sustainability research, and the understanding of how different wellbeing outcomes relate, is limited. Many studies focus on singular, often objectively measured, outcomes, without acknowledging the breadth of available measures. This approach can result in crucial subjective information, which can be explored to understand actors' behaviors and responses, being omitted from research and policy. This study explores objective and subjective wellbeing outcomes, and how they relate, within an environmentally vulnerable context. Wellbeing and environmental services are intrinsically interlinked, therefore, appropriate policy solutions are required to address human needs and pressures on supporting ecosystems. This paper uses binary logistic regression modelling, and qualitative participatory rural appraisal methods, to understand the environmental conditions, including climatic hazards and landscape characteristics, associated with households experiencing different objective/subjective wellbeing outcomes within Volta Delta, Ghana. The mixed method approach highlights a differing relationship between inland agricultural areas impacted by drought and erosion, and coastal/riverine, peri-urban landscapes exposed to flooding and salinization. Agricultural areas associate with "poor but happy" outcomes, whereas peri-urban landscapes associate with being "non-poor but unhappy." Drawing on existing literature, and both quantitative and qualitative results, these varying outcomes are hypothesized to be driven by differences in livelihood vulnerability, relative comparisons to others, responses to climatic hazards, and individualistic/collective wellbeing conceptualizations. Our study concludes that environmental conditions influence objective and subjective wellbeing through different mechanisms. Sustainable development research should incorporate both objective and subjective measures when implementing and monitoring policy to more comprehensibly capture, and improve, wellbeing in environmentally vulnerable locations.

Cloud Data Resources and Library Subject Information Services

Abstract In the evolving landscape of library services, propelled by advancements in Internet technology and service paradigms, this study utilizes cloud-based lending data from college libraries to improve user profiling and subject-specific lending. Integrating the K-means algorithm with a Boolean matrix-enhanced Apriori algorithm, we devise a data mining model that fine-tunes detecting patterns in user borrowing behaviors. This approach distinguishes five distinct subject areas: energy, computing, electronic communication, machinery, and environmental chemistry. The outcome reveals a bibliographic association rule mining confidence of up to 79.38%, a 30% increase over conventional methods. Moreover, it generates three notable 2-item sets. Our model introduces a groundbreaking way to offer personalized library services, significantly enriching the user experience with tailored subject information.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome in a Collegiate Ice Hockey Player: A Case Report

A 22-year-old male ice hockey player reported days of worsening bilateral upper-extremity weakness, hand tremors, and difficulty grasping his stick. Subjective information included sleeping in a “curled-up” position due to lack of heat in their residence. Provocation tests and imagining studies were positive for thoracic outlet syndrome. Primary treatment focused on decreasing stress on the anterior chest wall while secondary treatment focused on strengthening the posterior thorax to improve posture. Emphasis is given to core stability and scapular mobility. Removal from sport never occurred, but symptom alleviation occurred after 3 weeks. Thoracic outlet syndrome can be resolved quickly if proper recognition and adequate treatment are utilized. Athletic trainers fill a sociomedical role for their patients and should perform patient-centered care rather than tunnel vision on the pathology.

Survival-weighted quality of life profiles in patients treated for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.

Objectives: This study assessed functional outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in the long term in individuals treated for laryngohypopharyngeal cancer (LHC) by estimating their life expectancy (LE), survival-weighted psychometric scores (SWPSs), and quality-adjusted LE (QALE). Materials and methods: To estimate survival outcomes, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 1576 patients treated for primary LHC between January 2010 and December 2018 and followed them until death or December 2020. We also prospectively collected QoL and functional data between October 2013 and November 2022 from 232 patients by administering the Taiwanese Chinese versions of the QoL Questionnaire Core 30, Head and Neck 35, and EQ-5D-3L. To estimate LE, we employed linear extrapolation of a logit-transformed curve. We calculated QALE and SWPSs by combining the QoL data with the LE results. Results: We estimated the LE of the patients with LHC to be 7.8 years and their loss of LE to be 15.7 years. The estimated QALE was 7.0 QALYs, with a loss of QALE of 16.5 QALYs. Lifetime impairment durations were estimated for cognitive (4.9 years), physical (4.2 years), emotional (3.4 years), social (3.4 years), and role functions (2.7 years). We estimated the durations of problems related to swallowing, speech, and teeth to be 6.2, 5.6, and 4.8 years, respectively. The patients were expected to be dependent on feeding tubes for 1.2 years. Conclusions: Patients with LHC experience significant reductions in both LE and QALE. SWPSs may constitute a valuable tool for obtaining subjective information regarding how LHC affects multifaceted QoL outcomes.

Orange Ware production and exchange in formative central Mexico as an index of regionalization of pottery styles

Ceramics present archaeologists with a medium to explore the range and intensity of interactions across space and over time. Style associations between regions indicate, at a minimum, communication, trade, or possibly migration coupled with an open disposition with respect to social identity formation. Conversely, style boundaries may develop for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to geographically restricted levels of interaction and more insular attitudes towards outgroups. Gordon Willey (1991) drew these alternatives into a cyclical model, shifting between broad style horizons and regionalized traditions. Early Mesoamerican style horizons as expressed through ceramics developed along broad networks of open cultural exchanges during the Early and Middle Formative periods. By the Late Formative, however, Mesoamerica fragmented into distinctive regionalized ceramic traditions. We provide a small-scale view of this process at the end of the Middle Formative using compositional sourcing to identify a divergence in the ceramic traditions of two neighboring regions: the Basin of Mexico and Morelos. During this timeframe, groups across lowland Mesoamerica developed an Orange Ware tradition that extended into Morelos. As revealed through neutron activation analysis (NAA) and petrography, the majority of orange/yellow Lacquer Ware found in the Basin of Mexico was imported from Morelos during the late Middle Formative, but Basin potters never adopted Orange Wares into their own style repertoires. The Morelos Orange Ware tradition is the first ceramic style in a long history of interaction between the two regions that was not matched by parallel developments in both regions, thus serving as a reference to an inflection point in the cycling between horizontal integration and regional differentiation that Willey hypothesized. This process continued into the Late Formative when Basin groups realigned with groups to the northwest through the adoption of Chupícuaro ceramic traits.

QUALITY JOURNALISM AND OTHER CHALLENGES

The challenges faced by qualitative journalism are numerous, and the effects are clearly obvious at society level, when info rmation consumption from various sources is increasing; however, we find that only some of the users are qualified to undertake and analyze data and journalistic content. There are numerous pressures registered by professional journalism, equally as much a s creating journalistic content regarding the rules of the trade can be a difficult task for the non professional author. One of the first forms of such pressure was generated by the economic crisis in 2008, imposing a restructuring of media organizations. Another valence of pressure consists in the inability and slowness of active journalists to adapt to the rigors of digital media. A main focus and of major importance is the re tabloidization phenomenon in Romanian and international media, on every branch : written press, radio, television, and online platforms. The technological revolution has been a favourable breeding ground for commercial television channels, less inclined to the rigors of deontology. A further development is the citizen journalism , var ied in representation and extremely active. This study aims for the complicated mass media citizen journalism relation, as well as the challenges of qualitative journalism.

MANAGING HUMAN-TO-HUMAN APPROACH WITH NO HUMANS PRESENT: A LOOK INTO POLITE FORMS OF ADDRESS IN SOFTWARE LOCALIZATION

Using examples extracted from the author’s work on software localization i n the field of automobile industry (English translated into Serbian Serbia locale), this presentation centres on the issue of polite forms of address. Since software localization relies on the resources from linguistics, business and marketing, and informa tion technologies, politeness is considered in relation to all three aspects: 1) as an important element of human to human approach to marketing, whereby 2) the use of personal pronouns has to be taken into account considering the differences between Engli sh and Serbian, and contextualized within 3) the largely impersonal process of localization itself. The analysis of the examples aims at defining certain patterns which could potentially facilitate practical work in this branch of translation studies.

Circular Economy Resources - Operationalization of restraints and optimization of choices

Purpose of the study: The article presents a preliminary analysis of the available and collected statistical data as part of the Research Project: SUPB. RN.23.108, ID: 108, which is intended to serve as a starting point for further research on circular economy. The aim of the analysis will be to diagnose the “hotspots” so that a proper analysis in the next year of research will allow the author to find targeted solutions and formulate recommendations.&#x0D; Methodology: This article reviews the available literature. Items compatible with the author's research topics have been selected, supplemented with other sources, the most important of which are listed in the bibliography. Therefore, a preliminary analysis of existing data (secondary studies) was used as a method.&#x0D; Main Findings: A preliminary analysis of the indicators allowed us to draw general conclusions. First, it is necessary to further tighten the legal provisions in the field of environmental protection, while at the same time defining the precise timeframe for each of the stages. Secondly, it is necessary to develop the sources of financing for the activities undertaken. Thirdly, there is no chance for change without an increase in consumer environmental awareness. Fourth, you can't make changes and make the right choices in the short term. &#x0D; Applications of the study: The content of the article may be useful to a wide audience interested in the subject matter being studied. It is also extremely important for the author of the article, as it is a starting point for further scientific research. In addition, the subject matter and information provided will be used at the Jan Kochanowski University during practical meetings/classes with students.&#x0D; Novelty/Originality of the study: In the article, the author emphasized several important elements of an extremely difficult puzzle, which is a well-functioning circular economy system. It focused on several key areas: better use of scarce resources, minimization of waste, reduction of overexploitation of the natural environment. Without such actions, she believes, civilization will move towards self-destruction at an alarmingly fast pace. Faced with a choice: costly exploitation of new resources or recovery and recycling, as a way to reduce the devastation of the natural environment and minimize the costs associated with obtaining new sources and areas for exploitation, the author presented the scale of the problem and legal constraints (imposing the need to make a specific choice), in force in selected EU countries.

Rural development in Stavropol Krai: Assessment based on statistics and local perception

The article classifies rural territorial entities using the systems approach, which is based on identifying their key subsystems—natural, social, and economic. The study aims to develop and implement a procedure for creating a multi-aspect assessment range of rural development levels relying on the combined use of multivariate statistical analysis and the computational and expert comparison of objective and subjective structured information. The grouping of rural territorial entities carried out on this basis is intended to identify a pattern representing their targeted development, taking into account both the existing social and economic situation in the territory and its perception by the population. Methodological approaches to classify territorial rural units according to their level of rural development usually lack a systemic perspective and a subjective dimension to include the rural inhabitant perspectives. Using only expert opinions does not allow it to be reflected adequately enough. The comparison between the objective and subjective assessments of the natural, social, and economic conditions of rural territorial entities serves as the basis for identifying three groups of development patterns. Results were obtained through the combined application methods—cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling. The first one was used for an objective ranking of municipal districts in the region using official statistical data, while the second method was used for structuring the rural survey results. The main study result is the procedure for the multi-aspect grouping of rural areas, which enables the objective and subjective assessment of their key subsystems—economic, social, and natural—to be integrated into a single assessment tool. Its application helps establish a range of general patterns representing rural development. The study results can be used in the creation and updating of object- and subject-differentiated programs for the development of rural territorial entities.

Beyond Polarity: The Potential Applications and Impacts of Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Detection

Opinion mining and emotion detection are two important techniques in natural language processing that have gained significant attention in recent years. Opinion mining is the process of identifying and extracting subjective information from text, such as opinions, attitudes, and emotions, while emotion detection is the process of identifying and extracting emotions from text. These techniques have a wide range of applications in various domains, including social media analysis, customer feedback analysis, and product reviews. This paper provides an overview of opinion mining and emotion detection techniques in natural language processing. We discuss the various approaches and methods used in opinion mining and emotion detection, including machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing techniques. We also explore the challenges and limitations of these techniques, including the subjectivity of language, cultural differences, and the lack of labeled data. Furthermore, we examine the current state of the art in opinion mining and emotion detection, highlighting recent research and developments in these areas. We also discuss the potential applications of these techniques in various domains, including marketing, healthcare, and social media analysis. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of opinion mining and emotion detection in natural language processing. It provides insights into the methods, challenges, and potential applications of these techniques, and highlights the importance of these techniques in understanding and analyzing subjective information in text.

Effect of intelligent hypertension management system on blood pressure: protocol for a randomised controlled multicentre trial

IntroductionHypertension is one of the most serious global health problems, and its prevention and treatment mainly rely on lifestyle intervention and medication. However, the current situation of hypertension control in...

How Do Users Experience Traceability of AI Systems? Examining Subjective Information Processing Awareness in Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems

When interacting with artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical domain, users frequently face automated information processing, which can remain opaque to them. For example, users with diabetes may interact daily with automated insulin delivery (AID). However, effective AID therapy requires traceability of automated decisions for diverse users. Grounded in research on human-automation interaction, we study Subjective Information Processing Awareness (SIPA) as a key construct to research users’ experience of explainable AI. The objective of the present research was to examine how users experience differing levels of traceability of an AI algorithm. We developed a basic AID simulation to create realistic scenarios for an experiment with N = 80, where we examined the effect of three levels of information disclosure on SIPA and performance. Attributes serving as the basis for insulin needs calculation were shown to users, who predicted the AID system’s calculation after over 60 observations. Results showed a difference in SIPA after repeated observations, associated with a general decline of SIPA ratings over time. Supporting scale validity, SIPA was strongly correlated with trust and satisfaction with explanations. The present research indicates that the effect of different levels of information disclosure may need several repetitions before it manifests. Additionally, high levels of information disclosure may lead to a miscalibration between SIPA and performance in predicting the system’s results. The results indicate that for a responsible design of XAI, system designers could utilize prediction tasks in order to calibrate experienced traceability.

Dynamic Bonus Pools

ABSTRACT We study the properties of long-term bonus pools (BPs) with rollover provision in a multiperiod moral hazard setting, where the principal uses subjective information to privately assess the agent’s performance and the agent is protected by limited liability (LL). To provide incentives, the principal funds a multiperiod BP with a fixed payment that may be distributed over time to the agent and a third party. We find that the optimal long-term BP contract features performance targets that are contingent on past performance. Specifically, high subjective performance implies an easy target, and low subjective performance implies a difficult target. To implement the long-term BP contract, the principal provides nondichotomous performance reports. The study contributes to the literature that discusses the mechanisms that make subjective performance information useful for incentive contracting. JEL Classifications: D82; M52; M54.

Австрійська школа як напрям дослідження в економіці – правда та міфи

The article is concerned with studying of the Austrian school of economics, comparison of approaches of different representatives of the school to the analysis of basic economic phenomena and processes, determining differences between scientists' views and their research methods. The importance of the ideas of Austrian economists for modern economic theory in the context of interaction between the state and the market is emphasized. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical concepts of the Austrian school in the context of the search for new theoretical approaches to solve modern economic problems. The methods of comparative studies and the problem-personified approach to the study of the history of economic ideas are used. A comparison of the main ideas of the representatives of the Austrian school is carried out in historical and logical sequence. The results of the study give a description of the main theses of Carl Menger, Friedrich von Hayek, Ludwig von Mises and their scientific followers. The nature of prices and subjective valuation as well as price stabilization policy are revealed in the paper according to Austrian tradition. Attention is paid to the subjective approach, namely subjective information and costs. It is emphasized that entrepreneurship is a major force and Austrian believe that an entrepreneur's profit comes from the assumption of simple identification of risk with error. Today, the Austrian approach is of particular relevance, according to which it is impossible to scientifically know what will happen tomorrow, since it depends mainly on knowledge and information that has not yet been created in the entrepreneurial process. The results of research are important for understanding the need to revival of interest in this strand of economics, which for decades had been treated marginally in textbooks of economic thought. Austrian theoretical approaches should be used to analyze the processes of modern economic development and solve complex multifaceted economic problems.