Subject Of International Relations Research Articles

International legal means of protecting human rights in health emergencies

The subject of the study is international legal norms, documents of international organizations (of a recommendatory and binding nature), as well as acts of domestic law establishing guarantees for ensuring the human right to health and the right to use the results of scientific progress, as well as forming international legal mechanisms for the protection of intellectual property and technology transfer. The object of the study is public relations arising from the interaction of various subjects of international relations in the framework of countering emergencies in the field of health protection and ensuring equitable access to healthcare technologies in all regions of the world, regardless of the level of development of the pharmaceutical industry. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for the introduction of international legal means aimed at ensuring the human right to health in the framework of achieving a balance of public and private legal guarantees of access to healthcare technologies. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of cognition, including formal logical and situational, and private legal methods such as comparative-legal, historical-legal and formal-legal. The past decades have been accompanied by rapid rates of emergency situations in the field of public health, which have demonstrated systemic problems in the organization of medical care in each State, as well as revealing imperfections in international legal regulation of the field of health protection. Healthcare technologies, which determine the effectiveness of countering any large-scale threat of an infectious and non-infectious nature, in the vast majority of cases are developed by non-State actors, the main purpose of whose activities is legitimately to make a profit. At the same time, the obligation to ensure the right to the highest attainable standard of health and access to health technologies rests with the State, which forms stable barriers to ensuring a balance of public and private legal guarantees in the field of health protection. The paper presents a list of the main problems of international legal response to emergencies of international importance. The article consistently reveals the main international legal means of ensuring the transfer of healthcare technologies. The authors have formulated a number of practical recommendations aimed at expanding access to healthcare technologies.

Universities as Subjects of International Relations: The Potential of Kyrgyzstan

Against the backdrop of intensifying international competition between global players and international conflicts, small and poor countries are forced to look for mechanisms to ensure sovereignty and stability, including through the development of scientific and educational sovereignty. Therefore, the question becomes relevant: under what conditions can universities become effective subjects of international relations and help their states increase competitiveness? The status of universities as subjects of international relations is determined by the degree of their international subjectivity. International subjectivity is defined as the ability of universities to independently, regardless of the requirements of external foreign actors, determine the vectors and policies of international cooperation based on the norms, principles, goals and values of national educational systems. The authors of the article describe the conditions and indicators of such subjectivity. The mechanisms for integrating universities into international relations are considered: internationalization of the academic environment, participation in international associations; international rating. The positive aspects, opportunities, risks and contradictions of introducing these mechanisms into national educational systems are identified. Using the experience of Russian universities as an example, it is shown how, under critical conditions, these mechanisms become instruments of political pressure. Based on statistics, analysis of government decisions and the practice of universities in Kyrgyzstan, their potential as subjects of international relations are analyzed. It has been proven that now and in the near future, Kyrgyz universities will be located on the periphery of the global educational space, but have great potential for regional leadership. Kyrgyzstan needs to focus on developing this potential in the near future.

Ensuring the right to use the results of scientific progress in the context of the formation of new threats to human security and the problem of the circulation of dual-use technologies

The subject of the study is international legal norms, documents of international organizations, as well as acts of domestic law that establish guarantees for ensuring the human right to use the results of scientific progress, as well as forming international legal mechanisms for the transfer of scientific knowledge and health technologies that can be used for military operations, as well as the implementation of terrorist and other illegal activity. The object of the study is public relations arising from the interaction of various subjects of international relations within the framework of the development of international legal mechanisms, as well as the adoption of documents defining the procedure for access to dual-use healthcare technologies. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for the formation of international legal mechanisms aimed at ensuring a balance of public law guarantees for the realization of the human right to use the results of scientific progress and priorities in the field of human and state security. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of cognition, including formal logical and situational, and private legal methods such as comparative legal, historical legal and formal legal. Technological advances are a fundamental condition for ensuring health protection, social assistance, as well as countering natural and intentional emergencies. However, a number of technologies (genomic editing, artificial intelligence, etc.) can be used to carry out acts of terrorism or conduct military activities. The introduction of international legal means aimed at increasing access to scientific knowledge or health technologies can lead to their uncontrolled use, forming a new threat to human and State security. The paper presents an analysis of international legal guarantees of ensuring the human right to health, as well as a systematized list of healthcare technologies with the possibility of dual-use. The article presents a list of international legal means to ensure control over the circulation of dual-use healthcare technologies. The authors have formulated a number of practical recommendations aimed at determining the regulatory content of the right to use the results of scientific progress in the context of modern challenges of technological development.

Global cities as subjects of international relations in the 21st century

Global cities are becoming increasingly influential actors in international relations in the 21st century. That is why this work uses a city as the primary unit of analysis, which, although traditionally considered a state actor, currently develops autonomous initiatives that go beyond internal borders and have a global reach. The goal is to examine the potential and resources of global cities for independent participation in international relations and thereby evaluate their role in foreign policy. To explain this process, the concept of actorness is used. Actorness as a character of the city was discussed in more detail in the example of Sao Paolo by applying Duran?s four-dimensional model, whose criteria are authority, opportunities, autonomy, and presence. This model was applied in search of an answer to the main research question: Can we talk about Sao Paolo as an actor in international relations? The analysis of the case study will be based on an extensive review of primary and secondary data sources, including official documents of the city municipality and the city office for external affairs, media reports, scientific publications, and works on the topic of the city?s international engagements. Based on the analysis of the mentioned data, each of these characteristics has been met in the international activity of Sao Paulo. The intention is to contribute to the existing literature by expanding the geographical scope of the study of international urban activism and shifting the academic focus away from the Eurocentric discourse. The paper adopts a multilingual approach in search of relevant information on the role of cities in international relations in Spanish and Portuguese in order to enrich the debate and fill the gaps found in the literature in English.

The European Union in Global Competition of Jurisdictions

International legal regimes are a factor in regulating relationships between subjects of international relations, constructive interaction, policy coordination and resolution of contradictions. When conflicts arise, the interaction of the legal systems of states, regional associations and international organizations can be both complementary and competitive in nature, affecting the legal qualification of the parties’ actions. Competitiveness manifests itself in the interpretation of the actions of the same entities within different jurisdictions. The conflict of interests of the parties, as confirmed by examples from the contractual legal practice of relations between the EU and the USA, Canada and a number of other countries, is quite surmountable. The cluster of contradictions characterizing the current situation on the European continent gives an existential character to the search by all parties for a rational strategy for resolving the crisis. The purpose of international law is to put contradictions into the legal plane in order to avoid escalation of tension in relations between the warring parties. An objective assessment of the positions of the world centers of power and the basic legal principles that guide them in the strategy of global presence requires taking into account the problems that gave rise to the replacement of the previous attitude towards «integration of integrations» by a direct clash of the parties. A critical analysis of the key areas of the EU’s implementation of external competencies, including sanctions (implemented with varying degrees of effectiveness in recent years), is important for understanding the strategy that Brussels is implementing. The current crisis is a serious test of the EU’s resistance to stress, and of the Union’s value system for resilience in unfavorable external conditions. The subject of this paper is the real possibilities of the European Union to offer an alternative to the confrontational scenario.

New developments in the global world: challenges and opportunities for Georgia

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the features of the current reality of globalization, to identify the created opportunities and threats, and to reveal the ways to overcome it. The object of research is the current economic and political processes in the world, as well as, especially, geopolitical issues and the Ukrainian crisis. The work is based on the analysis of various fundamental literature, synthesis, specific statistical data, components of globalization index. The work draws conclusions using the cause-and-effect relationship of facts. Based on the trend of strengthening the multipolar world order, important conclusions and recommendations are presented about the possibilities and threats caused by the modern new reality of globalization, and taking advantage of it. The new, modern trend of strengthening the multipolar world order not only brings visible positive results, also creates acute problems of protecting national priorities within the framework of international cooperation. Ensuring the country's security is significantly influenced by the growth of interdependence between the subjects of international relations, new events in the global world, the increased openness of the economy of the world’s most countries, the development of joint programs to solve contemporary, important problems. Keywords: sources of globalization, modern tendency of strengthen the multipolar world order, globalists, anti-globalists.

The normative and legal component of the national-state selfdetermination of the Ukrainian people

It is relevant for the further progress and development of Ukraine to study the ascending legal foundations that laid the foundations of the constituent power of the people as the source, bearer and sovereign subject of power. The first stage of the Ukrainian people’s sovereignty process was completed during the National Liberation War of 1648–1657 with the formation and legalization of the institutions of the Ukrainian Cossack state, which was recognized as a subject of international relations. The next stage of the sovereignty of the Ukrainian people, as asocial subject of Ukrainian state-building, began in Western Ukrainian lands with the “Spring of Nations” in 1848 and ended with the formation of its own sovereign state-the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic. In Trans-Dnieper Ukraine, this stage began at the end of the 19th century. and ended in the period of the Ukrainian national liberation struggle of 1917–1921 with the restoration of national statehood. The state sovereignty of the Ukrainian People’s Republic was realized through a dialectical combination of the right of nations to self-determination and the principle of territorial integrity of the state. After the announcement by the Russian Soviet party leadership of the date of formation of the USSR on December 30, 1922, the Ukrainian SSR actually lost the opportunity to exercise the sovereign rights of the Ukrainian people and the state. During the dismantling of the Union of the SSR, the Ukrainian people used the right to self-determination, which is enshrined in the provisions of the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine dated July 16, 1990. A detailed analysis of legal acts that regulated the issues of external and internal sovereignty and legal personality of the Ukrainian people (nation) and the state in different historical periods will make it possible to objectively assess the formality and reality of Ukraine’s sovereignty in different historical periods. Key words: Ukraine, people’s sovereignty, nation-state self-determination, people’s right to self-determination, sovereignty, Cossack-Hetman era, UNR, Directory, ZUNR,Ukrainian SSR, juridification of Ukraine’s sovereignty, normative and legal component,historical significance

THE INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATION PROCESSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEMS OF POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES

As part of the convergence, the national legal systems of a number of states that emerged in the early 90s of the twentieth century acquired features characteristic of the Romano-German legal family, and therefore the fundamental principles of law that are implemented within the development models of these countries have acquired a qualitatively new nature, reflecting the fundamental transformations of the state-political structure. The purpose of the study is to consider the features of the national legal systems of the post-Soviet countries, formed under the influence of integration processes of a legal nature that occurred on the territory of the former republics of the USSR. The objectives of the study are to study the main trends of a state-legal nature, to identify the influence of international law norms on the legislation of new subjects of international relations, as well as to establish the influence of the integration of several states into various interstate associations on national legal systems. Formal-legal, analytical, and historical-legal research methods are used to achieve the results. The study found that the national legal systems of the states that were previously part of the USSR are organically oriented towards regulatory requirements implemented within the framework of international organizations of which they are members, which leads to a certain unification of the regulation of public relations, which does not exclude the preservation of national legal traditions. The process of convergence of the legal systems of individual post-Soviet countries is slow, uneven, not always progressive, but nevertheless lays the foundations for joint activities on several issues that go beyond the jurisdiction of a particular State or require joint efforts for effective solutions.

Current challenges of agricultural trade liberalisation between Ukraine and the EU

Agriculture is the main specialisation of Ukraine in the international arena, which is associated with its geographical features and relatively inexpensive labour. Despite this, it remains relevant to find opportunities for the development of this industry in the country through the use of all available methods. The purpose of the study is to describe the current challenges that arise in the trade relations between these subjects of international entities. This paper examines how the situation in the agricultural sector can be improved by liberalising trade between Ukraine and the European Union. The main methods used are analysis, prediction, abstraction, and deduction. Within the framework of this study, trends in trade in agricultural products between Ukraine and the European Union are evaluated. The paper establishes that this union became the largest Ukrainian trading partner after the outbreak of war. This was caused both by actions on the part of the European Union in support of Ukraine and by the blockade of seaports, which limited the country's export options to only the land route. The study describes the features of changes in the structure of external trade between the unions in the agricultural sector and proposes specific methods to address existing issues in international interactions between countries to better understand the specific features of economic relations between Ukraine and the European Union. In addition, the study includes recommendations on how to improve relations between these subjects of international relations in the future and solve the difficulties that still exist between them in the trade in agricultural products.

Crimean Tatars and Leading Powers of Islamic Civilization: Investments in Expansion

The article reveals the main methods of influence of Islamic states on the Crimean Tatars since the 1990 s. The object of the study is the policy of Islamic states in the post-Soviet space, the subject is the Crimean Tatar factor in the policy of Islamic states. After the repatriation of the Crimean Tatars to Crimea in the 1980 s, various subjects of international relations, including Turkey, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Iran, etc., financed economic, socio-cultural, religious projects on the peninsula. The Republic of Turkey has had the most significant impact on the Crimean Tatars since the 1990 s in comparison with other Islamic states. Until 2014, Turkey carried out systematic work in relation to the Crimean Tatar ethnic group on the territory of Crimea. A significant role in the formation of the attractive image of the Turkish Republic for this ethnic group was played by: state structures of Turkey, representatives of business circles, the Crimean Tatar diaspora of Turkey, religious organizations and foundations, higher educational institutions of Crimea and Turkey, mass media. After the Crimea came under the jurisdiction of Russia in 2014, the work of Islamic states, including Turkish organizations on Crimean Tatar issues continued from the territory of Ukraine. Since the Crimean Tatar issue plays for Ankara one of the key roles in the system of checks and balances in cooperation with Russia.

Influence of West on Post-Soviet Space: Progressive Movement to Change Cultural Code

The European Union is one of the external players in the post-Soviet space, considering the region from the point of view of a rich resource base and a new affordable market. Having taken shape as a subject of international relations in 1992, the EU began to spread its influence in the countries of the post-Soviet space. The article examines the evolution of the approaches of the European Union to independent republics. Initially, the post-Soviet space was perceived by the leaders of the European Union as one whole, and the mechanisms and instruments of influence were universal for all countries of the region (Partnership and Cooperation Agreements; TACIS technical assistance program). Due to the failure of a unified approach, the EU has begun to develop programs and strategies based on the specifics of individual regions of the post-Soviet space: Eastern Europe, South Caucasus, Central Asia. As a result of the targeted impact on states, taking into account regional peculiarities and challenges, the European Union has managed to achieve some success. The obvious victory of the European neighborhood policy was the emergence of an “associated trio” with the participation of Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia, who made their “European choice”. The countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia are not interested in adapting to European values and standards, but they have a positive attitude to the investment investments of the European Union in the regions and are open to expanding trade and economic ties, which indicates the partial participation of the EU in the processes of the post-Soviet space.

Australian Foreign Policy during the World War II

The article is related to the establishment of Australian foreign policy tradition and becoming of Australia as a subject of international relations. The significant role of the dominions during First World War Great and their help for Great Britain victory, intensified their struggle for independence. As the result of long-term efforts, dominions reached the proclamation of the Balfour Declaration in 1926 by London, which was later confirmed by the Statute of Westminster (1931), which established the authority for dominions for an independent foreign policy. The development of Australian foreign policy before and during World War II was analyzed. The evolution of the relations of the Australia and Great Britain in the context of the events of the World War II is traced, in particular the peculiarities of the allied relations of the two countries. There is shown the regional dimension of the World War II within the Asia-Pacific region, in the context of Australia and the United States actions against Japanese aggression. There are analyzed the peculiarities of external threats effect on the transformation of the Australian foreign policy strategy, in particular in the national security sphere. The main threat for Australia in that period become Japanise aggressive and expansionist policy in the Asia-Pacific region. A lot of Australian soldiers and military equipment were sent to Great Britain to support traditional allie. But in actual strategic situation in Europe there were great doubts that British troops and the navy would be able to effectively help Australians in case of an attack by Japan. Politics of national security and defense of Australia in the context of its participation in World War II is considered. In the conditions of real threat of Japanese invasion, as well as the lack of sure to receive necessary support from Great Britain, the Australian government start to find a military alliance with the USA. There were identified the key implications of World War II for Australian socio-economic system.

Islamists on Wire: The View of Islamist Journals Towards Government Policies in Turkey During the 1980s

This paper aims to extrapolate the different political stances of Islamist actors with respect to their reciprocal interaction with the ANAP governments in the 1980s in Turkey. Based on a selection of Islamist publications, this article analyzes the views of prominent traditional Islamic groups such as Erenköy and İskenderpaşa orders and Islamist authors about government policies during the period between 1983-1991 in which the ANAP governed as the single party. The analysis will take place on three subjects that shaped the aforementioned period as well as the entirety of Turkish-Ottoman modernization. The subject of economy reveals that Islamists benefitted from neoliberal policies while taking a critical position towards it. In terms of culture, as the second subject, Islamists criticized the ANAP governments for encouraging individualist-hedonistic tendencies and invited them to Islamize the realms of education and culture. The subject of international relations, on the other hand, was dominated by Turkey’s possible accession to the European Community (EC) on which various Islamist groups tried to have an impact by steering the ANAP’s foreign policies.

Extraterritorial sanctions as a challenge in the US-EU relations

The United States of America is a subject of international relations which took the leading position in application of unilateral sanctions, especially extraterritorial restrictive measures. The main target of the US extraterritorial sanctions are legal entities and individuals which are in the jurisdiction of third countries, namely member states of the European Union. The increasing sanction pressure against Iran in the 2nd half of 2010s has brought the problem of American extraterritorial measures in the US-EU relations to the fore. Consequently, the aim of this research is to reveal the contradictions between the USA and the EU due to the strong influence of secondary sanction on the European business and examine the main countermeasures taken by the EU authorities in this regard.

VALUE COMPONENT OF THE DIALOGICAL APPROACH IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

In the modern, globalised world, international relations have expanded from traditional issues of war and peace, which were dealt with by heads of state and career diplomats mainly on a bilateral basis, to include economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural, educational, scientific, religious relations with the establishment of international organisations that act as platforms for coordinating the interests of different countries. The development of production, education, science, and environmental problems increase the importance of international relations, given the interdependence of countries, the impossibility of development without broad international cooperation, which requires a high level of tolerance and humanisation of relations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of modern international relations, changes in their guidelines towards broad cooperation between countries, peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes, which mainstreams the search for tools most suitable in this regard. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: comparative historical method, generalisation method, idealisation method, and the method of systematic approach. The study defined dialogue as a universal way of communication between subjects of international relations, the role of which in modern international relations has considerably increased. The study noted that in modern dialogue, the role of personal, cultural, and other features of its participants increases. Since it is dialogue in its various forms and manifestations that constitutes a universal form of coordination of the interests of subjects of different countries, and its spheres and range of subjects have substantially expanded, the development of purposeful forms of dialogue will contribute to the search for effective regulatory, institutional, communicative, and other forms of conflict resolution and coordination of interests aimed at developing international cooperation.

VALUE COMPONENT OF THE DIALOGICAL APPROACH IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

In the modern, globalised world, international relations have expanded from traditional issues of war and peace, which were dealt with by heads of state and career diplomats mainly on a bilateral basis, to include economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural, educational, scientific, religious relations with the establishment of international organisations that act as platforms for coordinating the interests of different countries. The development of production, education, science, and environmental problems increase the importance of international relations, given the interdependence of countries, the impossibility of development without broad international cooperation, which requires a high level of tolerance and humanisation of relations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of modern international relations, changes in their guidelines towards broad cooperation between countries, peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes, which mainstreams the search for tools most suitable in this regard. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: comparative historical method, generalisation method, idealisation method, and the method of systematic approach. The study defined dialogue as a universal way of communication between subjects of international relations, the role of which in modern international relations has considerably increased. The study noted that in modern dialogue, the role of personal, cultural, and other features of its participants increases. Since it is dialogue in its various forms and manifestations that constitutes a universal form of coordination of the interests of subjects of different countries, and its spheres and range of subjects have substantially expanded, the development of purposeful forms of dialogue will contribute to the search for effective regulatory, institutional, communicative, and other forms of conflict resolution and coordination of interests aimed at developing international cooperation.

АНТИРАСИСТСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ «BLACK LIVES MATTER» КАК ФАКТОР МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ

The purpose of the article is to examine the influence of the «Black Lives Matter» (BLM) movement on international political relations. The uniqueness of the Black Lives Matter movement is determined by the fact that ideologically it offers a new interpretation of racism and racial discrimination. According to the supporters of BLM, modern political relations, criminal and judicial systems, culture, sports and a number of other areas of social existence are hidden racism when the norms of the white population are presented as universal. This leads to the hidden suppression of representatives of other cultures and races, and consequently, to the permissibility of combating racial discrimination, including violent disobedience to the authorities. As a result, the author concludes that the mass actions against racial discrimination carried out by supporters of the BLM had an ambiguous effect on various subjects of international relations. It is emphasized that states rarely considered the BLM movement as a factor of their own foreign policy orientations, while the activities of a number of international political organizations in the field of combating racial discrimination underwent a serious transformation precisely under the influence of the BLM.

Professionally-Oriented English Training of Future International Relations Specialists with the Introduction of Information and Communication Technologies

The current research is aimed at analyzing modern problematicity of professionally-oriented English training of future International Relations specialists with the introduction of information and communication technologies that is vital issue requiring a complex and multilevel consideration; it is a response to the noticeable demand of state and business structures for highly qualified specialists in terms of establishing, developing and bringing to a new level of partnership and communication between subjects of international relations and law with different structures and functions as well. Purpose. The objective of the research is to examine and evaluate the impact of ICT on professionally-oriented English learning styles of the university students majoring in International Relations based on a system of theoretical and research methods. Results. Professionally-oriented English training of future International Relations specialists with the introduction of information and communication technologies is primarily characterized by multifunctionality, efficiency, productivity, intensity, students’ possibility of quick and effective creative self-realization, availability of personal educational trajectory. Learning process, based on distance learning, is multifaceted, mobile and situation-oriented. Learning a foreign language (blended learning, case technology, e-learning, flipped learning, etc.) is a time-consuming process. ICT are viewed as the introduction of a complex of programs for managing learning process at higher education establishments, the creation of a single information and communication learning space (integrated, multifaceted, resource-intensive) for higher education, the development of integrated occupations, project activities, as well as distance learning, network interactions.

Legal problems of functioning of the institute of honorary consul in Ukraine

Problem setting. The Institute of Honorary Consul is intended to carry out its activities in order to expand the relations between States in a variety of spheres, as well as to establish, strengthen and maintain ties in the cultural, economic, political spheres. In view of this, we consider the Institute of Honorable Consul an important link in shaping relations between states, because in the process of globalization, this institute becomes more and more popular. However, we cannot but note the existing number of problems associated with the abuse of the Institute of Honorary Consulations and Immunities, therefore this topic needs further research and definition of ways to avoid such violations by representatives of the Institute of Honorary Consulations in Ukraine. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Problems of consular law Explore a number of scientists whose work is the information foundation of this work. In particular, this works Matyash I.B., Sandrovsky K.K., Blushchenko I.P., Krivachikova Y.S., Gumenyuk B.I., Polonyuk N.V., Timchenko L.D. and other. Target of research is to analyze the legal status of the Honorary Consul, to determine the privileges and immunities of the Honorary Consul, to note the volume of privileges and immunities that abuse honorary consuls and provide recommendations to avoid such violations. Article’s main body. This article exposes legal frameworks of functioning of institute of the honoured consul in Ukraine. A historical division into periods of becoming of institute of the honoured consulate is in-process remembered in Ukraine from the moment of founding the Hetman state. Determination of concept is in-process given the honoured consular public servant(honoured consul) according to Viennese Convention “About the consular relations” of 1963 and Order of foreign of Ukraine Ministry “About claim of Statute about the honoured(nonpermanent) consular public servants of the foreign states in Ukraine and consular establishments that is headed such public servants”. Authors light up the process of engaging in the candidate of position of the honoured consul of the foreign state in Ukraine, that includes: idea of query about a consent to setting in Ukraine of the honoured consul of the foreign state, grant of certificate about his person to Ministry of external matters of Ukraine(farther MFA of Ukraine), report of MFA of Ukraine of the accreditor state about made decision by the message of verbal note, delivery of patent the accreditor state about assigning for position, acceptance of patent of MFA of Ukraine, confession of legal status, receipt of exequatur and certification for confirmation of status of the honoured consul. In the article certain requirements are to the candidate on employment of position of the honoured consul in Ukraine, and also his privilege and імунітети, to that belong: right on establishment of free diplomatic зносин; right freely to move and travel for territories of Ukraine; inviolability of consular archive of the honoured consulate is at terms certain Order of MFA of 2007; In the article marked, that privileges and імунітети it it is been the subject of international relations by considerably narrower, than public servants of consulate : they do not have immunity from an arrest and subpoenaing, however to the honoured consul must belong with corresponding respect. By authors the row of legal problems of functioning of institute of the honoured consulate was certain at Ukraine, to that it was taken: abuse of privileges and імунітетами in part of right on carrying on commercial activity next to consular, that it can be used for the receipt of illegal benefit; inviolability of apartments – gives an opportunity to grow into a shield from searches for all building; to practise upon a right on the use of car with diplomatic numbers; to use diplomatic mail and consular suitcase not on purpose Conclusions and prospects for the development. As a result of a significant distribution of the institute of honorary consuls and despite limited, but rather significant privileges and immunities, honorary consuls may successfully implement their business interests. Examples of possible illegal use of the benefits provided in accordance with the legislation are given above. Therefore, in our opinion, in our opinion, it is expedient to exercise control over the movement of these persons and their activities from the BOW of the rights and accomplishments through the use of modern technical methods – the use of GPRS navigation, etc. And in order to facilitate the load on law enforcement agencies to create a Council of Honorary Consulations under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. And more clearly regulate the legal status of honorary consuls, since recently the tendency to expand the circle of their functional duties and powers. In particular, to provide a separation of business from consular activities to minimize cases of abuse of certificates by its privileges and immunity.

FEATURES OF THE MILITARY-POLITICAL INTERACTION OF THE USSR AND YUGOSLAVIA IN CONNECTION WITH THE PREPARATION FOR THE MEETING ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE (1973–1975)

The article examines the problems of the Soviet-Yugoslav military-political interaction on security and cooperation in Europe. The positions and contradictions between the Soviet and Yugoslav parties on issues of cooperation and security in Europe are analyzed.
 
 The essence of Belgrade’s position on this issue was in interpreting particularly sensitive issues for it: equal responsibility of countries united in opposing military-political blocs for security in Europe, the need to respect the interests of countries outside these blocs, as well as the presence of other powers’ armed forces near the borders of these countries.
 
 Contradictions between Moscow and Belgrade have emerged on the issues of cooperation and security in Europe. Moscow insisted on mainstreaming security problems in the Central Europe, as a possible theater of military operations between NATO and the Warsaw Pact bloc in the future. Yugoslavia, proceeding from its national and military-political interests, advocated the inclusion of security problems in the Southern Europe and the Mediterranean in the agenda of the conference.
 
 Another issue on which there was a discrepancy in the views of the Soviet and Yugoslav leadership was understanding the thesis of peaceful coexistence of states and the scope of its application to various subjects of international relations. Moscow extended this concept to the nature of relations between the West and the East, and the Yugoslavs equated this provision in relation to the right of their way of building socialism in the country, as well as guarantees of national sovereignty in case of attempts to interfere from outside in order to adjust the principles of state and social development of their state.
 
 The desire of Yugoslavia on the eve of the European conference to plot a vector in its conduct in a favorable aspect for it worried Moscow and focused on careful study and timely response to Belgrade’s initiatives.
 
 In the context of the problem of Soviet-Yugoslav cooperation on security issues and cooperation in Europe, the urgent need of Belgrade for Moscow’s help in resolving the crisis in the public and political life of the country is shown as well.