Subject Of In-depth Study Research Articles

Culture of health as a strategy for designing and developing corporate welfare models

Improving population health requires the commitment of a multitude of community partners, including employers. Since 2008, successive economic crises have reduced the national health system's capacity to meet the needs of its citizens in Italy. ENI is an Italian oil company employing over 31,000 people in nearly 62 countries. In the Italian community of ENI, there are about 20,000 employees. Between 2022 and 2023, ENI made relevant services and goods available for each employee. This work aims to identify a framework to measure the culture of health in ENI. It is the first step in developing an in-depth analysis of the culture of health in ENI, which will be the subject of in-depth studies after this work. Today, promoting health cannot be the sole purpose of public healthcare systems in Western contexts. Italy is an emblematic context of these phenomena. The development of the corporate welfare case in ENI is an opportunity to reflect on the evolution of private expenditure concerning the interventions promoted by a multinational oil and gas company such as ENI towards its employees. In all this, the culture of health represents a valid approach to the design and the evolution of corporate welfare models over time. The idea of the culture of health is an essential framework that can support why companies must work towards complementarity in providing services and interdependence with public health systems. By incorporating strategies such as inclusive health education, community engagement and partnering with public health systems to address social determinants of health, companies can contribute to building a culture of health rooted in equity, providing employees with the resources and support needed for a better and more equitable life.

Neem's promise: The way to a sustainable future and eco-friendly biopesticides

Modern agriculture must include pest management since pests can seriously harm crops and lower yields, resulting in considerable financial losses. Conventional chemical insecticides have been used as the main method of pest management, but their detrimental effects on the environment and human health have inspired the quest for new environmentally friendly options. In this situation, Azadirachta indica showed promise as a sustainable and eco-friendly biopesticide. This research shows many aspects for Azadirachta indica as an environment friendly biopesticide. Neem is well known for having antiviral, antiseptic, and antifungal characteristics, which make it a crucial component in remedies for many illnesses, skin disorders, and mouth care. It is also beneficial to the environment. When added to the soil, its seeds and leaves help increase the fertility of the soil and structure. Additionally, the tree's large root system helps stop soil erosion. Azadirachta indica, is a great asset in the field of pest control and agricultural sustainability due to its repellent and antifeedant qualities. These characteristics are a result of neem's bioactive substances, known as Azadirachtin which has been the subject of in-depth study and use because of its function as a natural repellent and antifeedant Azadirachtin is a potent natural insect growth regulator because it interferes with beetle feeding, molting, and reproduction. Furthermore, the eco-friendliness of azadirachtin and its safety for people and non-target animals highlight its essential function in sustainable pest management techniques, aiding in the advancement of environmentally friendly and healthier agricultural systems. The neem plant is a unique botanical gem that has enormous medicinal, farming, and cultural significance. Its adaptability and environmental friendliness make it an important resource for sustainable agriculture and human well-being. Three commercialized neem-based formulations were tested aphid, Myzus persicae, including Azatrol, Triple Action Neem Oil (70% neem oil), and Pure Neem Oil (100% neem oil) in greenhouse and laboratory settings. A bioassay using a leaf disc choice test indicated that of the established neem-based insecticides tested were effective against the aphid at the recommended concentrations. However, a doubling in the quantity of Azatrol and Triple Action Neem Oil resulted in a 50% decrease in the number of aphids landing on handled leaf tissue compared to untreated leaf tissue.

Розвиток кінематографа та діяльність кінотеатрів у Кам’янці-Подільському на початку ХХ ст.: за матеріалами газети «Подолянин» (1910-1911 рр.)

The purpose of the study is to use the existing source base to cover the proces- ses of formation and development of cinematographic art and the functioning of cinemas in Kamianets-Podilskyi in the early twentieth century on the pages of the local Podolianyn newspa- per. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of a specifi c historical approach, ob- jectivity, comprehensiveness and integrity, as well as the use of methods of analysis and synthe- sis, historical-comparative, and problematic-chronological. Th e scientifi c novelty is the fact that for the fi rst time in historiography it was shown how cinemas developed in Kamianets-Podilskyi; the sources we identifi ed, namely, publications in the Podolianyn newspaper, made it possible to study the social history of cinematography on the basis of the provincial case, to consider cinema as a phenomenon of culture and history, and to analyze the number and functioning of cinemas in the city in the early twentieth century. Conclusions. Th e emergence of cinema in Kamianets- Podilskyi dates back to 1901, and the popularization of Kamianets cinema was facilitated by the publication of the local Podolianyn newspaper, the fi rst issues of which were published in September 1910. In addition to publishing advertisements with dates and schedules of movie shows, the newspaper also popularized the Humanitarian Society cinema, stating that part of the collected money would be used for charity. In early March 1911, Kamianets-Podilskyi was visited by an authorized representative of a cinematographic company in Russia, who noted that Kamianets-Podilskyi cinema theatres were maintained at a decent level and all worked on elect- ricity. It is also worth mentioning that local photographers produced their own fi lms. Thus, we can conclude that cinematography appeared in Podillia, quite soon aft er its appearance, due to the proximity of the borders with European countries. At the same time, there were several cin- emas in the city, which generated competitiveness. Photographers became interested in the new business, mastered new technologies, bought movie projectors, and created fi lms. In general, the issue of the development of cinematographic art in Kamianets-Podilskyi has not been the subject of in-depth studies by Ukrainian researchers, which requires a detailed study in the future.

Materiality and Relevance in Financial Reporting. Interpretation Problems and Solutions Adopted Internationally.

The concepts of relevance and materiality have, for decades now, been the subject of in-depth study by both doctrine and the bodies whose task it is to issue accounting standards. The aforementioned terms have different meanings in the various countries, although, in general, the difference in interpretation is only a nuance of concept that is often difficult even to identify. When moving from international standards to national standards issued by organisations within individual countries, translation issues can be identified that lead to the use of terms other than relevance and materiality but which, when reading the documents, essentially refer to those standards. As will be seen in the following pages, in Italy these concepts, although identified by different terms than relevance and materiality, have also been adopted by the criminal law concerning evasion and accounting. These concepts therefore transcend the issue of financial reporting to affect both auditing principles and the position of the judiciary, which, applying current legislation, appeals to the tenuity of the fact to reduce or cancel penalties connected with tax offences such as evasion of value added tax.

Education as a basis of legal consciousness in the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938)

The purpose of the paper is to clarify the place and role of religious and secular education in the process of intercultural dialogue in the formation of the legal culture of the transitional period in the state, in particular the period of activity of the First Czechoslovak Republic. Methodological basis - the basis of the methodology of the research is the general theoretical methods, principles and approaches to the definition of the constitutionally-legal consolidation of the state and church status in the First Czechoslovak Republic. In particular, the formal-logical method was used to study the conceptual apparatus defined by the article's theme. Functional and comparative legal methods are used for comparative analysis of legal culture and legal consciousness in the First Czechoslovak Republic. In the process of studying legal culture and legal awareness as an element of culture in the state a structural and functional method was used. The most important is the historical-retrospective method. This method has allowed to specify the previously mentioned methodological principle of historicism and to know the laws of the genesis of legal culture and legal consciousness in the First Czechoslovak Republic. Scientific novelty consists in the systematic analysis of the factors that influence the cultural and educational process in the formation of a citizens' sense of justice. At the same time, it was first established that the main factor of the historical and cultural process in the First Czechoslovak Republic, the formation of legal culture and legal consciousness was Catholicism. It was he who also influenced the constitutionally-legal consolidation of the right to education and upbringing, a change in the educational ideal took place: the spiritual life of man became the subject of in-depth study and acquired the highest priority of religious significance. Conclusions. In the First Czechoslovak Republic, the cultural-educational process served as a paradigm of intercultural dialogue for people of different ethnic, linguistic and religious backgrounds. The role of education in this context is defined as a strategic resource for improving the well-being of individuals in the formation of tolerance and mutual respect in the process of observance of fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens. Intercultural dialogue, in this case, is a combination of components, in particular spiritual and secular education, in shaping a person's respect for language, religion, culture, and world outlook.

Editorial

Editorial

Design of a device for stress corrosion testing in pressurized chambers

In the characterization of the mechanical behavior of metallic materials, the effects of the combined action of corrosive environmental factors, together with stress states induced by operating loads, are the subject of in-depth studies and undergoing continuous development.The idea behind the project was born thanks to the collaboration with the company Nuovo Pignone S.r.l. of Florence, a group headed by General Electric. The aim of the study is the development of a device that allows conducting stress corrosion susceptibility tests on metallic materials, to be carried out inside pressurized chambers of autoclaves according to the NACE-TM0177 standard. The test consists in maintaining a constant uniaxial tensile load on a specimen for 720 hours, in a corrosive environment with temperature values up to 200°C and pressure values up to 100 bar.The main requirement of the design study concerns the possibility of inserting as many specimens as possible in the autoclave, in order to distribute the high test costs over several tests. During the preliminary phase, the solutions currently available are analyzed and two concepts were subsequently developed, one of which was further optimized, particularly as regards overall dimensions, up to the construction of a functional prototype.Following the laboratory testing of the prototype, the application methods are developed, defining, in particular, a procedure to minimize the decay of the clamping force over time. The device guarantees an adequate degree of resistance to both mechanical and environmental stresses and has been patented for future applications in the industrial field.

THE ROLE OF MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PLACENTA IN DIAGNOSIS OF INTRAUTERINE INFECTIONSOF NEWBORNS

Introduction. Infectious disorders of the afterbirth (or placenta) are now of frequent occurrence, and have specific morphologic manifestations, which significantly affects the course of pregnancy, childbirth, intrauterine growth and development and postnatal health of the infant.The purpose of the study was to optimize the diagnosis and prognosis of the severity of intrauterine infection in neonates based on an assessment of risk factors, perinatal history and the results of morphological studies of afterbirth of those mothers, who had children with intrauterine infection.Materials and methods. Clinical and laboratory examination of 834 mothers and their diseased newborns suspected to have intrauterine infection the first 3 days of life was performed. The subject of in-depth study was a group of 224 patients with newborns with congenital infections. The control group consisted of 30 apparently healthy newborns. Confirmation of intrauterine infection was conducted based on history, physical exam data, and standard tests and using morphological studies of the born placenta.Results of the study. Among the total number of examined newborns, intrauterine infection was verified in 708 (84.9%) patients. The subject of the in-depth study was a group of 224 (31.6%) diseased newborns with congenital viral infections. Among them were term infants - 132 (58.9%) and premature babies - 92 (41.1%). Among 224 children, 77 (34.4%) mixed viral infections, 62 (27.7%) viral and bacterial infections, 53 (23.6%) mixed viral TORCH infections with monoviral infections - in 32 (14.3%). Among the risk factors, acute respiratory viral infections predominate in pregnant women (45.5%), threatening miscarriage (43.7%), anemia of pregnancy (25.0%), preterm delivery (41.1%), placental dysfunction 23.2%), preeclampsia (17.4%), asphyxia of newborns (40.6%). Analyzing the results of a histological study of 224 placentas in women who gave birth to children with congenital viral infections we revealed that in addition to specific morphologic changes caused by respiratory viruses, 54 (24%) also manifested non-specific inflammation(deciduitis, villusitis) and diverse variants of altered placental circulation. It confirms that in addition to the direct harmful effect of the virus, the secondary hypoxia and fetal supply disturbance can occur. The absence of specific signs and symptoms of viral infections in pregnant women does not exclude the need to investigate the afterbirth of children at risk to have intrauterine infection.Conclusions. The results of the histological examination of the placentas substantiate both the etiology of congenital viral infections based on specific morphological features, as well as the effect of nonspecific inflammatory changes (basal deciduitis, vylusitis) and variations of transplacental circulation disturbances on prediction the severity of congenital viral infections in newborns.

Feature-matching Pattern-based Support Vector Machines for Robust Peptide Mass Fingerprinting

Peptide mass fingerprinting, regardless of becoming complementary to tandem mass spectrometry for protein identification, is still the subject of in-depth study because of its higher sample throughput, higher level of specificity for single peptides and lower level of sensitivity to unexpected post-translational modifications compared with tandem mass spectrometry. In this study, we propose, implement and evaluate a uniform approach using support vector machines to incorporate individual concepts and conclusions for accurate PMF. We focus on the inherent attributes and critical issues of the theoretical spectrum (peptides), the experimental spectrum (peaks) and spectrum (masses) alignment. Eighty-one feature-matching patterns derived from cleavage type, uniqueness and variable masses of theoretical peptides together with the intensity rank of experimental peaks were proposed to characterize the matching profile of the peptide mass fingerprinting procedure. We developed a new strategy including the participation of matched peak intensity redistribution to handle shared peak intensities and 440 parameters were generated to digitalize each feature-matching pattern. A high performance for an evaluation data set of 137 items was finally achieved by the optimal multi-criteria support vector machines approach, with 491 final features out of a feature vector of 35,640 normalized features through cross training and validating a publicly available "gold standard" peptide mass fingerprinting data set of 1733 items. Compared with the Mascot, MS-Fit, ProFound and Aldente algorithms commonly used for MS-based protein identification, the feature-matching patterns algorithm has a greater ability to clearly separate correct identifications and random matches with the highest values for sensitivity (82%), precision (97%) and F1-measure (89%) of protein identification. Several conclusions reached via this research make general contributions to MS-based protein identification. Firstly, inherent attributes showed comparable or even greater robustness than other explicit. As an inherent attribute of an experimental spectrum, peak intensity should receive considerable attention during protein identification. Secondly, alignment between intense experimental peaks and properly digested, unique or non-modified theoretical peptides is very likely to occur in positive peptide mass fingerprinting. Finally, normalization by several types of harmonic factors, including missed cleavages and mass modification, can make important contributions to the performance of the procedure.

Los grafiti <i>in tabula</i> como método de comunicación: Autoría, espacio y destinatario

Graffiti, as a means of expression, underscore the coexistence of diverse sociolinguistic and communicative parameters that offer intrinsic data about the sender and the world surrounding him/her. In this study I analyze graffiti specifically on university desks, or in tabula , a type of graffiti that has not been the subject of in-depth study, but which nevertheless possesses sociolinguistic characteristics that distinguish it from other similar expressions or manifestations. We will see how an iconic and verbal milieu constructed on a desk defines and linguistically conditions the authorship, the subject matter, and the intention of the message, as well as indicates the existence of a series of sociocultural parameters that define the field shared by the sender and the receiver. The sociohistorical information that can be traced on the desk —the channel or medium of communication— yields the concerns and anxieties of the epoch or time frame when the message was created, and thus corroborates the communicative and interpretative relevance of the in tabula graffiti.

Religion and Globalisation: Sub-Saharan Islam to Conquer New Territories

ABSTRACT No analyst today would ever dream of denying the fact that religious flows are in line with globalisation. As such, sub-Saharan Africa is not unaffected by globalisation, even if its share in international trade is minute. Different mechanisms are indeed working towards its insertion in the international system, including and perhaps especially the transnational religious networks that, due to their proselytism and mobilisation capacity, dominate as one of the privileged vectors of that insertion. This phenomenon has been the subject of in-depth studies on the Catholic and Protestant churches; however, this is not the case concerning Islam, even though the globalisation of Islam accompanied its expansion throughout the twentieth century in Africa and the Umma and is, by definition, supranational. The transnationalisation of sub-Saharan African Islam in fact follows several paths and combines individual and collective strategies; it does not deal only with institutions, politico-commercial or ‘material civilisation’ networks, but also with culture and symbols, where globalisation is also constructed and deconstructed in the imagination.

Air ionisation and its hygienic value

The problem of air ionization in its application to medicine and some sectors of the economy is the subject of in-depth study by representatives of various specialties. The physiological effects of aeroions are well established, and aeroionisation is increasingly used in medical and prophylactic practice.