Розвиток кінематографа та діяльність кінотеатрів у Кам’янці-Подільському на початку ХХ ст.: за матеріалами газети «Подолянин» (1910-1911 рр.)

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to use the existing source base to cover the proces- ses of formation and development of cinematographic art and the functioning of cinemas in Kamianets-Podilskyi in the early twentieth century on the pages of the local Podolianyn newspa- per. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of a specifi c historical approach, ob- jectivity, comprehensiveness and integrity, as well as the use of methods of analysis and synthe- sis, historical-comparative, and problematic-chronological. Th e scientifi c novelty is the fact that for the fi rst time in historiography it was shown how cinemas developed in Kamianets-Podilskyi; the sources we identifi ed, namely, publications in the Podolianyn newspaper, made it possible to study the social history of cinematography on the basis of the provincial case, to consider cinema as a phenomenon of culture and history, and to analyze the number and functioning of cinemas in the city in the early twentieth century. Conclusions. Th e emergence of cinema in Kamianets- Podilskyi dates back to 1901, and the popularization of Kamianets cinema was facilitated by the publication of the local Podolianyn newspaper, the fi rst issues of which were published in September 1910. In addition to publishing advertisements with dates and schedules of movie shows, the newspaper also popularized the Humanitarian Society cinema, stating that part of the collected money would be used for charity. In early March 1911, Kamianets-Podilskyi was visited by an authorized representative of a cinematographic company in Russia, who noted that Kamianets-Podilskyi cinema theatres were maintained at a decent level and all worked on elect- ricity. It is also worth mentioning that local photographers produced their own fi lms. Thus, we can conclude that cinematography appeared in Podillia, quite soon aft er its appearance, due to the proximity of the borders with European countries. At the same time, there were several cin- emas in the city, which generated competitiveness. Photographers became interested in the new business, mastered new technologies, bought movie projectors, and created fi lms. In general, the issue of the development of cinematographic art in Kamianets-Podilskyi has not been the subject of in-depth studies by Ukrainian researchers, which requires a detailed study in the future.