Thematic Content Research Articles

Assessing similarities and differences in thematic content across online mental health communities dedicated to trauma-related mental health conditions.

Large online mental health communities exist for both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) on Reddit. These communities have not been sufficiently understood through prior work. Posts (N = 86,267) from r/ptsd and r/CPTSD subreddits from December 2020 to December 2022 were collected, processed, and assessed. A modified reflexive thematic analysis was used to generate themes and codes from corpus data and Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers topic models. Representative posts (N = 397) were coded. Chi-square analyses were used to compare the frequency of themes and codes across r/ptsd and r/CPTSD. Most sampled posts in r/ptsd and r/CPTSD were focused on posting for oneself. Venting was significantly more common in r/CPTSD (p < .01), whereas seeking advice was more frequent in r/ptsd (p < .01). Traumatic experiences, mental health symptoms, treatment, diagnosis, and relationships were discussed frequently in both communities. Discussions of noninterpersonal trauma, anxiety symptoms, sleep-related symptoms, flashback/reexperiencing symptoms, somatic symptoms, diagnosis, and medication use were significantly more prevalent in r/ptsd compared to r/CPTSD (p < .01). Discussions of depression/mood symptoms, resources/coping tools, and interpersonal conflict were significantly more common in r/CPTSD (p < .01). Findings suggest that trauma-related online mental health communities may allow users to fulfill different objectives (i.e., seeking support, venting, or asking for advice) related to a wide range of discussion themes. Findings may be used to help inform the design and delivery of informal and formal interventions directed at these communities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Supplemental Material for Assessing Similarities and Differences in Thematic Content Across Online Mental Health Communities Dedicated to Trauma-Related Mental Health Conditions

Supplemental Material for Assessing Similarities and Differences in Thematic Content Across Online Mental Health Communities Dedicated to Trauma-Related Mental Health Conditions

Conversational Agents to Facilitate Deliberation on Harmful Content in WhatsApp Groups

WhatsApp groups have become a hotbed for the propagation of harmful content including misinformation, hate speech, polarizing content, and rumors, especially in Global South countries. Given the platform's end-to-end encryption, moderation responsibilities lie on group admins and members, who rarely contest such content. Another approach is fact-checking, which is unscalable, and can only contest factual content (e.g., misinformation) but not subjective content (e.g., hate speech). Drawing on recent literature, we explore deliberation---open and inclusive discussion---as an alternative. We investigate the role of a conversational agent in facilitating deliberation on harmful content in WhatsApp groups. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 Indian WhatsApp users, employing a design probe to showcase an example agent. Participants expressed the need for anonymity and recommended AI assistance to reduce the effort required in deliberation. They appreciated the agent's neutrality but pointed out the futility of deliberation in echo chamber groups. Our findings highlight design tensions for such an agent, including privacy versus group dynamics and freedom of speech in private spaces. We discuss the efficacy of deliberation using deliberative theory as a lens, compare deliberation with moderation and fact-checking, and provide design recommendations for future such systems. Ultimately, this work advances CSCW by offering insights into designing deliberative systems for combating harmful content in private group chats on social media.

“A bit of a cough, tired, not very resilient – is that already Long-COVID?” perceptions and experiences of GPs with Long-COVID in year three of the pandemic. a qualitative interview study in Austria

BackgroundLong-COVID is a new multisectoral healthcare challenge. This study aims at understanding experiences, knowledge, attitudes and (information) needs that GPs had and have in relation to Long-COVID and how these evolved since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe study used an exploratory qualitative research design using semistructured interviews. A total of 30 semistructured interviews with GPs in different primary care settings (single practices, group practices, primary care centres) were conducted between February and July 2022. The data were analysed using qualitative thematic content analysis with the software Atlas.ti.ResultsThis is the first study that empirically investigated Long-COVID management by GPs in Austria during the third year of the pandemic. All GPs indicated having experience with Long-COVID. In cities, GPs tended to have slightly better networks with specialists. The GPs who already worked in teams tended to find the management of Long-COVID easier. The symptoms that the physicians described as Long-COVID symptoms corresponded to those described in the international literature, but it is unclear whether syndromes and symptomes such as Post-Exertional-Malaise, autonomic dysfunction such as postural tachycardia syndrome or Mast-Cell-Overactivation-Syndrom, and cognitive dysfunctions were also recognized and correctly classified since they were never mentioned. Most GPs reacted quickly by granting the needed sick leaves and by seeing and discussing with the patients often.The treatment of the patients is described as an enormous challenge and frustrating for patient and GP if the treatment does not yield to significantly improved health also due to the high costs for the patient.ConclusionLong-COVID will continue to preoccupy our health care systems for a long time to come, as new variants of COVID-19 will continue to produce new patients without adequate prevention strategies. Therefore, it is not a question of if but when good support for GPs and adequate care pathways for people with Long-COVID will be implemented. Specific contact points that are familiar with therapy-refractory postacute infection syndromes like the postacute COVID condition as a subgroup of Long-COVID are urgently needed.

#TraumaTok-TikTok Videos Relating to Trauma: Content Analysis.

Experiencing a traumatic event can significantly impact mental and emotional well-being. Social media platforms offer spaces for sharing stories, seeking support, and accessing psychoeducation. TikTok (ByteDance), a rapidly growing social media platform, is increasingly used for advice, validation, and information, although the content of this requires further study. Research is particularly needed to better understand TikTok content relating to trauma and the potential implications for young viewers, considering the distressing nature of the subject and the possibility of users experiencing vicarious trauma through exposure to these videos. This study aims to explore the content of trauma-related videos on TikTok, focusing on hashtags related to trauma. Specifically, this study analyzes how TikTok videos present information, advice, stories, and support relating to trauma. A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive content analysis was performed on TikTok in December 2022. A total of 5 hashtags related to trauma were selected: #trauma, #traumatized, #traumatok, #traumatic, and #traumabond, with the top 50 videos from each hashtag analyzed (total N=250 videos). A standardized codebook was developed inductively to analyze the content of the videos, while an existing generic codebook was used to collect the video features (eg, age of people in the video) and metadata (likes, comments, and shares) for each video. A total of 2 major content themes were identified, which were instructional videos (54/250, 21.6%) and videos disclosing personal stories (168/250, 67.3%). The videos garnered significant engagement, with a total of 296.6 million likes, 2.3 million comments, and 4.6 million shares, indicating that users find this content engaging and useful. Alarmingly, only 3.7% (9/250) of videos included a trigger warning, despite many featuring highly distressing stories that young people and those with trauma may be exposed to. The study highlights the potential risks of vicarious trauma due to trauma dumping without trigger warnings on TikTok, and the need for further research to assess the accuracy of advice and information in these videos. However, it also underscores the platform's potential to foster social connections, provide validation, and reduce stigma around mental health issues. Public health professionals should leverage social media to disseminate accurate mental health information, while promoting user education and content moderation to mitigate potential harms. People often use social media, such as TikTok to share advice, stories, and support around mental health, including their experiences with trauma. Out of 250 videos, most were either giving advice (54/250, 21.6%) or sharing personal experiences (168/250, 67.3%). The study found many videos lacked warnings about upsetting content, which could potentially harm young viewers or people suffering from trauma. While TikTok can help people feel connected and reduce the stigma around mental health, it is important to seek support from professionals when needed.

Drug dispensing in public community pharmacies: evidence from the MedMinas project

BackgroundDrug dispensing is a service provided by pharmacists to ensure the supply of medications and other health-related products. However, despite the importance of dispensing services, Public Community Pharmacies (PCP) in Brazil still focus on the control and distribution of medicines and supplies. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate how the pharmacists in charge conduct and the challenges they encounter in dispensing services in PCP.MethodsThis is a mixed methods study, with a representative sample of 26 municipalities (whose populations vary between 37,784 and 409,341 inhabitants) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection took place between April and October 2019 and included interviews and documentary research. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and qualitative data was subjected to thematic content analysis.Results24 dispensing services were analyzed. The PCP had, on average, two active pharmacists and operated full-time (40 h per week). In relation to dispensing services, the most frequently mentioned steps were checking the adequacy of the prescription received, followed by providing counseling to the user about the medicines, mainly regarding administration, storage and disposal. The results highlighted a need for improvements in terms of infrastructure, workforce and the pharmacist’s work process.ConclusionIt is necessary to invest and to design improvement strategies in dispensing services, especially regarding physical infrastructure, human resources and work processes.

Professionals’ ideas and observations on preschoolers’ experiences with physical symptoms: a qualitative interview study

BackgroundPreschoolers experience physical symptoms, like abdominal pain or minor injuries, almost every day. These experiences may shape how they deal with health issues later in life. To gain insight into these early life experiences, information from multiple perspectives is useful. This qualitative study aimed to explore important themes in preschoolers’ experience of physical symptoms, using adult professionals from various backgrounds as informants.Methods20 semi-structured interviews were performed with professionals from different fields in healthcare and education, to learn about their ideas and observations on preschoolers’ experiences with physical symptoms. The interviews were verbatim transcribed and coded in Atlas.ti by two independent coders, after which thematic content analysis was applied to define themes.ResultsThree themes emerged from the interviews: unawareness, seeking attention, and parental influence. Unawareness refers to the professionals’ idea that preschoolers have limited cognitions about causes and consequences of physical symptoms. Seeking attention was described as important for preschoolers with symptoms, both as comfort and in a social context. Professionals described diminished attention-seeking behavior in preschoolers with more severe symptoms. Parental influence was seen as highly relevant in preschoolers’ experiences with physical symptoms, with both supportive and disruptive aspects. Healthcare professionals differed from educational professionals in their observations and ideas, especially about underlying mechanisms influencing symptoms.ConclusionsProfessionals report attention-seeking and parental influence as important factors in preschoolers with physical symptoms, and they report limited cognitions about causality. Professionals in healthcare and education show different perceptions, suggesting the importance of incorporating both views into research.

Students’ Challenges with Online Remote Teaching and Learning in South Africa

ABSTRACT Online remote teaching and learning strategies have become part of tertiary institutions worldwide. This knowledge delivery method became more profound during the COVID-19 era, forcing institutions to keep this method even after the COVID-19 pandemic. Most tertiary institutions in African countries, including South Africa, have also embraced online remote teaching and learning strategies. This study investigated the challenges of built environment tertiary students with online remote teaching and learning methods. A qualitative approach was adopted using open-ended interview questions to solicit the views of the built environment tertiary students regarding the challenges they experience with the online remote teaching and learning method. A thematic content analysis method was used to categorize the data into themes and sub-themes. The results show that students face several online remote teaching and learning challenges. These challenges were categorized into power, schedule, technology issues, lack of focus, communication, and cost-related issues. The tertiary institution authorities must address these challenges to ensure the sustainability of online remote learning and teaching as many students work and attend schools, thus relying on this method to acquire knowledge. The study used data from tertiary institutions in South Africa; hence, the findings may not be generalizable to other countries.

Marketing and communication in the wine sector: the Catalan wine DO on social networks

PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the social media strategies of wineries from three quality Denominations of Origin (DOs): Alella, Empordà and Priorat (Spain). It explores how digitalization has become a crucial element in contemporary marketing communication strategies and examines the presence and use of social media by these wineries.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a quantitative methodology to identify the most commonly used social media platforms among the selected DOs. Additionally, a content analysis is conducted to understand the themes these DOs use to engage with their audience. The analysis focuses on the social media presence and content strategies of the wineries within the specified DOs.FindingsThe study reveals that an increased understanding and utilization of new technologies by local citizens could enhance the digital development of these wineries. The research identifies the prevalent social media platforms used by the DOs and examines the content themes that wineries use to connect with their audience.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings emphasize the need to improve digital literacy among local communities to support the digital growth of wineries. The study also highlights the importance of understanding which social media platforms and content themes are most effective for engaging target audiences. Future research could explore the impact of specific digital strategies on business performance and consumer engagement.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the understanding of social media strategies in the wine industry, particularly within Catalan DOs, by providing insights into the use of digital tools and content themes in winery marketing.

Методические аспекты межкультурной коммуникации в преподавании русского языка в иранской аудитории

The article outlines the main stages of the formation and development of intercultural communication as a scientific direction and academic discipline in universities, clarifies some concepts. The difficulties of communication between Iranian students and Russians in the aspect of intercultural communication (based on a questionnaire) are revealed. The authors consider the issues of using comparative regional studies material with a single thematic content in the process of teaching RCT in an Iranian audience, pretext, pre-text and post-text tasks are presented. A typology of tasks and exercises on intercultural communication in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language has been developed.

Empowering Narratives: Ideological Constructs through References for Women in True Love East Africa and The Parents Magazines in Kenya

This article examines various references given to women in True Love East Africa and The Parents Magazine and emergent ideological constructs. It presents results of a study whose one of its objective was to identify and analyse the ideological constructs brought out by references for women in the discourses of the two magazines and what these references revealed about the Kenyan women. The study investigated the portrayal of women in the two magazines, employing a mixed-methods approach that combined qualitative and quantitative analyses. Utilizing thematic content analysis and critical discourse analysis (CDA), the research explored how these magazines constructed and negotiated identities for millennial mothers and independent women within a rapidly evolving socio-cultural context. By analyzing the references, the study revealed a significant shift in narratives, showcasing women not as passive subjects but as active participants in societal change. Key themes identified include the emergence of the “millennial mom” ideology, which celebrates women's economic participation and challenges traditional gender roles, highlighting their professional achievements and contributions beyond domestic spheres. The findings underscore a transformation in the depiction of women, reflecting broader societal trends prioritizing gender equality and women’s empowerment. Discourses surrounding single motherhood, professional success, and resilience in the face of societal expectations emerged, illustrating how these narratives challenge entrenched patriarchal norms. The study emphasizes the critical role of media in shaping perceptions of gender, calling for advocacy to amplify diverse and empowering narratives. It recommends policy development that supports equitable representation in media, urging further longitudinal studies to track the evolution of these representations. By highlighting the intersection of media, gender, and societal transformation, this research contributes to the understanding of women's roles in contemporary Kenyan society

Perception of the Urban Space of the Waorani Nationality in Shell Township, Pastaza, Ecuador

The township of Shell in the Province of Pastaza, Ecuador was initially an exploration base and later, a missionary base for evangelization of the peoples and nationalities of the Amazon. It plays an important role in the Waorani nationality and its social, cultural and economic dynamics, especially in the Nuevo Amanecer neighborhood, which is home to approximately 43 Waorani families whose epicenter has become a strategic space for their territorial dynamics. The research, through ethnographic methodologies and field work, has allowed to establish the perception from the Waorani nationality to the urban space. During the development of this study two sources of information were applied: methodological bibliography and thematic content reference. The study of 120 members of 43 Waorani families of the Ecuadorian Amazon and a process of direct observation, as a participant observer during the years 2019-2020-2021-2022, resulted in a conceptual model Bailey (1996), where the Waorani use preferences of displacement, economic attributes of the area, location of residence, representation of the spatial-urban structure, space-action, time of stay, activity space and objective spatial structure of the urban environment; and a transect as a very effective method to recognize population movements, sectoral differences, topographic slopes and social dynamics presented in the territory from a plan and elevation view. Human beings adapt easily to new spaces, in spite of cultural and social differences, their assimilation processes will depend on their capacity to approach and accept the environment. The Nuevo Amanecer settlement has motivated families to move to peri-urban or urban spaces in intermediary cities, which has provoked a forced adaptation and assimilation due to the same processes involved in rural-urban relations. Received: 30 May 2024 / Accepted: 21 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

Case-based learning in undergraduate orthodontic education: A cross sectional study

Introduction Student centric learning approaches have been reported to be effective in introducing higher order cognitive skills required by the health professionals. However, learners’ perceptions must be constructively aligned with new learning interventions to achieve a positive impact on their learning. The aim of this study was to explore the learning experiences of undergraduate dental students with case-based learning in orthodontics. Methods A case-based learning model was introduced on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning for final year students on a Bachelor of Dentistry programme toward the end of their academic year. A survey was conducted to explore the perceptions and experiences of the participants. The research instrument was based on a previously validated questionnaire and included information on demographics and consisted of 12 items aimed at evaluating the benefits and challenges of cased based learning. Results All 67 students in the final-year cohort participated in study, yielding a response rate of 100 percent. Participants across the board perceived CBL to be an effective strategy to learn the subject content and helpful in improving the students’ skills in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning and team-working. CBL did not pose any significant challenges or barriers to student learning. Conclusion Participants reported high acceptance of CBL in orthodontic teaching and learning and a positive impact on their educational experiences. CBL was perceived to be an appropriate strategy to enhance the diagnostic, treatment planning and team-working skills of dental students.

Faglig forankra, fagovergripende – og med fotfeste i profesjonen

In this overview study, we analyse student teachers’ master’s theses in Norwegian L1 from the first cohort of the five-year integrated master’s program for primary and lower secondary school teachers. We investigate what characterises the theses in terms of subject topics, interdisciplinary perspectives, and data sources. The data, consisting of summaries of 199 master’s theses, was collected from all teacher education institutions in Norway. The data is analysed by means of both quantitative and qualitative categories. Our qualitive content analysis reveals that literature, reading, writing, and multilingualism are the main academic foci. Additionally, many students incorporate interdisciplinary themes such as public health and life skills or linguistic and cultural diversity. Very few theses address topics requiring knowledge of language as a system, or historical topics. Furthermore, most students collect data from schools, often through interviews. The analytical findings are discussed in light of academic and educational policy issues, such as the content and framework of the L1 subject and the tension between professional and academic orientations in teacher education. Thus, the study contributes to discussions about master’s theses in teacher education in general, and, more specifically, about the operationalisation of the Norwegian L1 subject in schools and teacher education.

A mixed-methods survey and focus group study to understand researcher and clinician preferences for a Journal transparency Tool

Transparency within biomedical research is essential for research integrity, credibility, and reproducibility. To increase adherence to optimal scientific practices and enhance transparency, we propose the creation of a journal transparency tool (JTT) that will allow users to obtain information about a given scholarly journal’s operations and transparency policies. This study is part of a program of research to obtain user preferences to inform the proposed JTT. Here, we report on our consultation with clinicians and researchers. This mixed-methods study was conducted in two parts. The first part involved a cross-sectional survey conducted on a random sample of authors from biomedical journals. The survey asked clinicians and researchers about the inclusion of a series of potential scholarly metrics and user features in the proposed JTT. Quantitative survey items were summarized with descriptive statistics. Thematic content analysis was employed to analyze text-based responses. Subsequent focus groups used survey responses to further explore the inclusion of items in the JTT. Items with less than 70% agreement were used to structure discussion points during these sessions. Participants voted on the use of user features and metrics to be considered within the journal tool after each discussion. Thematic content analysis was conducted on interview transcripts to identify the core themes discussed. A total of 632 participants (5.5% response rate) took part in the survey. A collective total of 74.7% of respondents found it either ‘occasionally, ‘often’, or ‘almost always’ difficult to determine if health information online is based on reliable research evidence. Twenty-two participants took part in the focus groups. Three user features and five journal tool metrics were major discussion points during these sessions. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts resulted in six themes. The use of registration was the only item to not meet the 70% threshold after both the survey and focus groups. Participants demonstrated low scholarly communication literacy when discussing tool metric suggestions. Our findings suggest that the JTT would be valuable for both researchers and clinicians. The outcomes of this research will contribute to developing and refining the tool in accordance with researchers and clinicians.

Pedagogical responsiveness of mathematics instruction at inclusive secondary schools: A particularistic case study

This qualitative particularistic case study explores the perspectives and experiences of learners with visual and hearing impairments regarding the teaching of mathematics. Extreme-case sampling was employed to select four learners (three hearing impaired and one visually impaired) from the only two inclusive secondary schools in the northern part of Namibia. The study qualitative study utilised open-ended questionnaires and interviews. Verbatim quotes from the research participants were used as inferences to identify descriptors within the first-generation Cultural Historical Activity Theory, which served as a theoretical and analytical tool. The findings revealed that the activity system of learners with visual and hearing impairments exhibited tensions that negatively affected their performance in mathematics. Learners experienced marginal responsive pedagogy in mathematics classrooms due to teachers' lack of knowledge and pedagogical skills for delivering meaningful mathematical instruction. While learners without disabilities struggled with comprehension and effective communication skills, learners with visual and hearing impairments faced a lack of equipment to support the conceptualisation and visualisation of mathematical subject content. The authors emphasise the critical importance of addressing communication barriers and adapting teaching practices to support the learning and inclusion of visually and hearing-impaired learners in mathematics, with an emphasis on mathematical language that promotes a better understanding of mathematical concepts. Teacher training should also incorporate responsive pedagogy to enhance outcomes and foster a more inclusive learning environment that promotes academic success and positive social experiences for all learners. Recommendations at a policy level, including advocating for a decolonised curriculum were made.

Stakeholder communication in academic libraries: An exploration of annual reports and Instagram

Annual reports are an opportunity to demonstrate transparency and communicate with stakeholders. This article presents an exploratory content analysis of library annual reports and Instagram accounts in a state university system. The researchers synthesized common themes in content and structure developing archetypal formats of annual reports. These archetypes clarify the interplay between audience, purpose, content and design in developing a cohesive product. Findings indicate that libraries are neglecting opportunities to repurpose content between Instagram and annual reports. Information collected for the annual report provides content that can be tailored for Instagram posts, which in turn directs interested audience members to the full annual report. Finally, the best practices and strategies to improve communication and engagement with stakeholders identified by the researchers will be shared.

News in Business News During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in New Zealand: A Content Analysis

AbstractNew Zealand's response to the health risk of COVID‐19 has been acclaimed as a success story compared to other nations. Yet, the impact of the pandemic on New Zealand businesses and the resulting shift in business operations and priorities remained least known. The aim of this study is to identify major concerns in business‐related news in mainstream newspapers in New Zealand that impacted the businesses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A qualitative content analysis technique was employed to analyse the news content of a total of 134 newspaper articles from the major online mainstream newspapers published in New Zealand during the pandemic. The major themes identified from the content analysis were: Business, Subsidy, Lockdown, People. Further analysis of these themes disclosed that Business and People were the predominant themes in the news content during the pandemic. The findings reveal that the concerns of businesses extended beyond operational and financial performance, also encompassing the health and well‐being of the employees and customers. The findings offer valuable insights for future research and bear significant implications for both management and policy‐making.

Workshop training to facilitate parental involvement in their children’s mathematics education: parents’ perceptions

This study investigated the effectiveness of workshops on parental involvement in their children’s mathematical education. The study employed a quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design. This study involved 76 parents from one senior secondary school in the Kweneng Region, Botswana. The study included three steps for data analysis: thematic content analysis, hypothesis testing, and descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the parental involvement level before and after the intervention marked a difference with a significant increase. Parental involvement variables such as parenting style, parental expectations, home rules, parental supervision, communication between parents and children, children’s home mathematics activities, and parental attitude toward school all improved significantly. The findings further indicated that parental involvement in their child's general and mathematical learning can be improved. As a result, the study recommended that all basic education schools reach out to parents through parent education programs that can assist parents in understanding the value of being active in their children’s mathematics education, which will probably affect their education performance positively.

Understanding the severity of attachment injury-related stress symptoms via the reasons for forgiveness and unforgiveness identified by injured romantic partners

IntroductionFailure to provide comfort and care to a romantic partner in a moment of need for support can result in feelings of betrayal and abandonment, and impact trust. This type of relationship trauma is referred to as an attachment injury, which can have negative psychological consequences for the injured partner and for some, it is more difficult to adjust. It appears that forgiveness favors reconciliation in couples who have experienced an attachment injury, whereas unforgiveness can prevent its resolution. But, are the reasons for forgiving or not forgiving a partner associated with adjustment to an attachment injury in injured partners? ObjectivesThis mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) study aimed to (1) identify the reasons for forgiving and not forgiving an attachment injury and to organize these reasons into themes, and (2) examine the associations between the forgiveness and unforgiveness themes and the severity of injury-related stress symptoms. MethodA total of 84 participants who forgave and 50 who did not forgive their partner provided reasons for their decision and completed a measure of injury-related stress symptoms. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and multiple regressions. ResultsSeven themes of reasons for forgiveness and eleven themes of reasons for unforgiveness were identified. The forgiveness theme Strong partner commitment to repairing the injury on the part of the injuring partner was associated with lower injury-related stress symptoms, whereas the forgiveness theme I understand my partner and/or the context in which the injury occurred was associated with higher injury-related stress symptoms. The themes of reasons for unforgiveness were not significantly associated with injury-related stress symptoms. ConclusionThis study provides a foundation for the development of a psychosocial model of forgiveness and unforgiveness among partners who experienced an attachment injury in their romantic relationship.