Sub-dimension Scores Research Articles

An investigation of factors affecting compassion levels of midwives.

INTRODUCTIONThe profession of midwifery is seen as a genuinely individual-centric catalyst transforming compassion to care. Due to this, compassionate care should be the basis of midwives’ care, especially for those who care for women and children. This research investigated the compassion levels of midwives to determine the factors affecting them.METHODSThis descriptive research was conducted between 10 February and 29 May 2020, with 119 midwives working in a training and research hospital in Istanbul. The data were collected using the ‘Compassion Scale’ and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and logistic regression model.RESULTSThe total mean score on the compassion scale of midwives participating in the study was found to be 71.46 ± 9.60. Sociodemographic data and vocational belongings of participants were compared with the mean scores of the compassion scale sub-dimensions. It was determined that as the age of the midwives increased, they showed more kindness and awareness of compassion (p<0.021, p<0.023, respectively). It has been determined that as the education level of midwives decreases, their compassion level also decreases and they become more insensitive (p<0.044). It was found that being married increased the kindness (p<0.023) and common humanity characteristics (p<0.032) that affect compassion. It was found that the levels of kindness (p<0.020) and awareness (p<0.048) increased for those who had children, and compassion was associated with having a child. In addition, a statistically significant relationship was found between the professional commitment and kindness of the midwives participating in the study (p<0.034). It was found that midwives’ knowledge of rules related to professional ethics increased their compassion scale scores by 1.2.CONCLUSIONSMidwifery is a profession with a high sense of spirituality. However, professional belonging, love of the profession and professional development positively affect midwives’ levels of compassion. Improving midwives’ feelings of belonging and their professional development will also contribute to the quality of maternal and infant health.

Evidence of the relationship between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotional abuse in a sample of preschool children

ABSTRACT This study has aimed to evaluate the relationship between preschool attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotional abuse. Fifty-six children with ADHD aged 5 and 6 years and their mothers, and sixty-five children without a diagnosis of ADHD and their mothers have been included in this study. ADHD symptomatology and emotional abuse potential of mothers have been assessed by the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised-Short Form (CPRS-RS) and the Scale for Emotional Abuse Potential of Parents with Children Aged 3 to 6 (SEAPP-C3-6) respectively. Mothers of children with ADHD had significantly higher causal sub-dimension scores of SEAPP-C3-6 than that of the mothers of the controls. The higher emotional abuse potential scores of mothers have been significantly associated with higher Conners scores, male gender, disruptive behavior disorders comorbidity, low income and parental education level and parental psychopathology. This study has revealed that preschool ADHD is an important risk factor for emotional abuse. Clinicians shall be aware of the emotional abuse potential among children with ADHD.

Evaluatıon of Substance Addıctıon Awareness of a Sports Hıgh School Students

The aimed to evaluate the substance addiction awareness of senior high school students studying at a sports high school with socio-demographic variables. This study is descriptive relational research. In the study, all students studying in the last year constituted the sample without choosing the sample. 131 students who agreed to participate in the study formed the sample of the study. The data of the research were collected in the classroom environment. In the collection of data; Personal information form prepared by researchers and questioning socio-demographic characteristics and Substance Addiction Awareness Scale were used. Two independent samples t-test and One Way ANOVA test were used for normally distributed data. Results will be evaluated at 95% confidence interval and p&lt;0.05 significance level. Students' substance addiction awareness scale help and legal regulations sub-dimension mean score is 19.69±3.93, substance use symptoms and effects sub-dimension mean score is 23.12±5.36, personal attitudes and opinions sub-dimension mean score is 16.08± 2.92, factors causing addiction sub-dimension mean score was 11.19±3.22, and total scale mean score was 21.36±4.32. In our study, students' substance addiction awareness levels were found to be below the average and low. In line with our study results, in terms of substance abuse awareness, girls, parents with primary school education, mothers with housewives and low income were included in the risk group.

Comparison of the Anxiety of Game and Combat Athletes of Catching Corona Virus

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the anxiety of catching the corona virus of game and combat athletes. Methods: A total of 351 university student athletes were asked to fill in the "Anxiety of catching the Corona virus" scale developed by Demir et al., (2020). Independent t-test and one-way Anova tests were used for statistical differences. Conclusion: The difference between the total scale scores of individual anxiety and anxiety of catching a new type of corona virus according to gender was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). The difference in social anxiety sub-dimension scores according to gender was not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in the anxiety of catching coronavirus 19 according to the students' game and combat sports (p&lt;0.001). The anxiety of catching the corona virus is different for students who play games and fight sports. It has been determined that while the anxiety of catching corona virus 19 in university students who play games and combat sports varies according to gender and the type of sport they do, it is similar according to the sports age category. Students are moderately concerned about contracting coronavirus 19. The fact that the students who do combat sports have a higher level of anxiety than the students who play sports may be due to the close contact of the sports they are doing. In sports that require close contact, it can be recommended to use more mascots instead of paired exercises. Keywords: Corona Virus, Anxiety of Catching The Virus, Gaming Sports and Combat Sports.

Sexual abuse, psychological symptoms and hopelessness among runaway female adolescents in Turkey

ABSTRACT This seminal study from Turkey investigates sexual abuse (SA) victimization, psychological symptoms, and hopelessness in female adolescents with runaway behavior. A total of 76 female adolescent participants aged 15–18 completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Among these adolescents, 63.1% (n = 48) were victims of SA, 61.8% (n = 47) had a Global Severity Index (GSI) T-score of 63 or above, and 68.4% (n = 52) had moderate–severe hopelessness. Although there was no significant difference, the SA rate was higher in those who had experienced SA before running away. ‘Intrafamilial relationship problems’ and ‘SA-related factors’ were the most frequently reported reasons for runaway behavior. Victims of SA had significantly higher scores in all BSI subdimensions and global symptom severity than those previously not SA victims. The results suggest that high levels of psychological symptoms, hopelessness, history of SA, and poor parent–child relationships are possible factors that can describe female adolescents who have run away from home. Psychosocial prevention programs involving adolescents and parents are needed to prevent at-risk female adolescents from running away from home.

Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors of Midwives and Nurses with Regard to Traditional and Complementary Treatment Methods

Objective: This research aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of midwives and nurses with regard to traditional and complementary treatment methods.&#x0D; Methods and Material: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out between May and August 2021 with the participation of 248 midwives and nurses working in a District Health Directorate in the Mediterranean Region. A questionnaire about the knowledge and opinions of midwives and nurses with regard to traditional and complementary medicine (TCM), prepared by the researchers by reviewing the literature, and the Attitudes towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Scale (AHCAMS) were used to collect the study data. Statistical analysis was performed using the Number Cruncher Statistical System (NCSS) 2007 [Kaysville, Utah, USA] software.&#x0D; Results: The AHCAMS mean score of the midwives and nurses was determined as 26.86±7.46. The negative, level 0.209, weak correlation between the ages of the participants and their Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) sub-dimension score was found to be statistically significant (p=0,001; p

The psychological features of distinct somatic syndromes: A cluster analysis according to population-based somatic symptom profiles in Taiwan

Functional somatic syndromes (such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome) are often comorbid. Whether these syndromes are distinct constructs and whether they have different psychological features are interesting questions. We perform a cluster analysis based on a nationwide survey in Taiwan to answer these questions. A score of at least 5 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15, measuring somatic symptoms) indicated somatic syndromes and the data of 550 subjects were included. According to the gastrointestinal, pain-fatigue and cardiovascular subdimension scores of the PHQ-15, we performed a two-step cluster analysis. The demographic data and the cluster scores of the Health Anxiety Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (measuring depression and anxiety) were compared. Multinomial logistic and multiple linear regression analyses were used to clarify the associations between clusters/somatic symptoms and demographics/psychological features. Four clusters were generated and named according to their somatic features: "high gastrointestinal symptoms", "high pain-fatigue and comorbid somatic symptoms", "middle to high pain-fatigue symptoms" and "high cardiovascular symptoms". The high pain-fatigue and comorbid somatic symptom cluster had the highest levels of extent to which symptoms interfere with a person's life, depression and anxiety. The high cardiovascular symptom cluster was featured by high excessive worry over health and illness and low educational level. The high gastrointestinal symptom cluster had relatively low psychopathologies. The results of this population-based analysis supported the existence of distinct somatic syndromes that are not parts of a single whole somatic syndrome and have different psychological features.

An analysis of the effect of nurse managers' toxic leadership behaviours on nurses' perceptions of professional values: A cross-sectional survey.

This study aimed to investigate whether or not the toxic leadership behaviours of nurse managers influence nurses' perceptions of professional values. Professional values are among the factors that influence the development and the enhancement of the quality of health services. The professional development of nurses at work is particularly shaped by the guidance and counselling of nurse managers. Therefore, it is vitally important to determine the effects of nurse managers' toxic leadership behaviours on nurses' perception of professional values in terms of the development of professional values and the nursing image. This study was designed as a descriptive and correlational study and was conducted with 244 nurses working in a university hospital between 09.01.2020 and 12.03.2020. The study data were collected using a Personal Information Form (11 questions) designed by the researchers in line with the recent literature, the Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R) and the Toxic Leadership Scale. The study data were analysed with SPSS 25.0, and they were evaluated using frequency, percentage, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test, one-way ANOVA, the t-test for independent groups, the Cronbach alpha coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient methods. The significance level was taken as p < 0.001, and p < 0.05 was used to interpret the study results. The mean age of the nurses in the study was 31.79 ± 6.68 years. A statistically significant difference was found between the scores for the NPVS-R and their previous education about leadership (U:5.273, p < 0.05). A significant difference was also noted between the Toxic Leadership Scale scores and the educational status of the nurses (𝜒2 = 9.971, p < 0.001), whether or not they deliberately chose nursing as a profession (U:7.777, p < 0.05), whether or not they willingly served as a nurse (U:8.458, p < 0.001) and whether or not they willingly served in their current unit (U:8.475, p < 0.05). The total score and the subdimension scores of the Toxic Leadership Scale and NPVS-R Scale were not significantly correlated (p >0.05). The results demonstrated that nurses who deliberately chose nursing as a career option, who willingly served as a nurse and who willingly served in their current units were comparatively less influenced by the managers with toxic leadership attitudes. It was similarly determined that nurses with higher levels of education and those who received in-service training were less influenced by toxic managers. It was finally noted that working with toxic managers had no significant effect on the nurses' perception of professional values. The results indicated that although toxic leadership and nurses' perception of professional values were not significantly correlated, toxic behaviours may cause a depreciation in nurses' perception of professional values and beliefs, as noted in other relevant studies. It is thus necessary to be aware of the effects of toxic leadership behaviours on nurses and the institution and that precautions be taken by management against any negative effects. Supporting nurses with in-service training and building up resistance against toxic leadership behaviours will be beneficial for the proper and effective functioning of the institution.

Determining the Internet Addiction Levels and Related Factors of Administrative Staff Working in a University Hospital

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the internet addiction levels and related factors of the administrative staff working in a university hospital. Method: The research was conducted with 317 employees working in the administrative staff of Mersin University Hospital between February 15 and May 15, 2020 and agreeing to participate in the study. In the study, "Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire" prepared by the researchers and "Internet Addiction Scale" adapted into Turkish by Şahin and Korkmaz (2011) were used. The data were analyzed in the SPSS program. Results: 44% of the participants were 26-35 years old, 60.7% were female, 36.8% were nurses, 58.2% were married. In the study, the addiction score averages of those aged 18-25, males, singles and civil servants are significantly higher. In the study, internet addiction scale total score average and loss of control, desire to stay online more and negativity in social relations sub-dimension score average were found to be "below the average". Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that the administrative staff were not addicted to the internet.

The relationship between pain beliefs and pain severity in liver transplant patients

BackgroundThis study was descriptive, prospective, and correlational conducted to evaluate the investigate the relationship between pain beliefs and postoperative pain severity in liver transplant patients. MethodsThe study included 118 liver transplant patients. Pain beliefs in the preoperative period were assessed by the Pain Beliefs Scale. Pain intensity was evaluated using the Numerical Rating Scale in postoperative 24–72 h. Multiple normal distribution and homogeneity of variance in the analyses were checked using the SPSS 25 package program, and Structural Equation Modeling was established. Whether the severity of pain and pain beliefs were affected by sociodemographic, disease, and pain characteristics was assessed. ResultsIt was found that the mean pain severity of the patients was low. Mean psychological belief value was higher than the organic belief value. It was observed that there was a moderate positive correlation between the patients' mean pain severity score and pain belief total and sub-dimension score means (p < 0.05). In the Structural Equation Modeling established, it was found that psychological beliefs were more effective than organic beliefs on pain severity. ConclusionThe results of our study show that pain beliefs and pain severity are related. This study suggests a new perspective on the role of clinical and demographic factors on postoperative pain and shows that determining pain beliefs is important in pain control.

Maternal perception of spousal support in raising children with developmental disability in the context of family and child variables.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the variables of mental, physical, and emotional problems in children with developmental disabilities (DDs) and the spousal support perceived by the mothers of those children. One hundred forty-three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n:43), intellectual disability (ID, n:28), cerebral palsy (CP, n:47),or Down syndrome (DS, n:25)were included in this study. The support that mothers received from their spouses was evaluated using the Spousal Support Scale (SSS). Aggressive behavior in the children was evaluated using the anger-aggression subscale of the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale (SCBE-30). The data obtained were then subjected to statistical comparisons. Multiple comparisons revealed no significant difference between the DD diagnosis groups (ID, CP, ASD, and DS) in terms of spousal support or spousal support sub-dimension scores (p > 0.05). Significant negative correlation was found between anger-aggression subscale scores and SSS sub-parameters (emotional support r = -0.315 p < 0.001, financial and informational support r = -0.285 p < 0.001, appreciation r = -0.299 p < 0.001, social support r = -0.381 p < 0.001, and spouse support score r = -0.389 p < 0.001). Children's anger-aggression levels were adversely affected by a lack of spousal support for their mothers.

Assessing the Dual Innovation Capability of National Innovation System: Empirical Evidence from 65 Countries

Open innovation has drawn significant attention over the years, and there is a growing body of literature that highlights the importance of considering this phenomenon at the national level. Less appreciated, however, is the radiative capability of national innovation systems (NIS) and the linking inbound and outbound processes. We provide a measurement of the dual innovation capability (DIC) of NISs based on process-oriented concepts by using a multi-indicator approach, which provides a more comprehensive picture of sectoral NISs compared to currently used metrics. To assess the DIC of NISs, a composite weighting method was used to obtain the score of our selection of 65 countries. The results show the spatio-temporal evolution of DIC from 2010 to 2018 and explore the interactions among sub-elements within the framework. The 65 countries were grouped into 4 categories based on the sub-dimension scores, and we provided 3 possible paths that can be chosen to improve DIC. The index provides a powerful tool to enrich research on innovation systems, guide national positioning, and optimize policies.

The effect of stigma on level of ınfertility-related psychological distress in women with infertility.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of stigma on level of ınfertility-related psychological distress of women with infertility. Descriptive study was conducted in infertility clinics in Turkey. This study was completed with 198 infertile women. Infertility Distress Scale was 42.69±7.79, the mean total score of the Infertility Stigma Scale was 52.80±23.44. It was found that the psychological effect of infertility increased among women as the Infertility Stigma Scale total scores and its sub-dimension scores increased. Developing appropriate interventions by considering infertility and the level of being affected by stigma allows women to cope with this process in a healthier way, which is thought to increase the success of women's treatment.

Evaluation of the Impacts of Reiki Touch Therapy on Patients Diagnosed With Fibromyalgia Who Are Followed in the Pain Clinic.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Reiki application on pain, anxiety, and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. The study was completed with a total of 50 patients: 25 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. Reiki was applied to the experimental group and sham Reiki to the control group once a week for 4 weeks. Data were collected from the participants using the Information Form, Visual Analog Scale, McGill-Melzack Pain Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Short Form-36. There was a significant difference between the mean Visual Analog Scale pain scores during and before the first week (P = .012), second week (P = .002), and fourth week (P = .020) measurements of the individuals in the experimental and control groups, after application. In addition, at the end of the 4-week period, the State Anxiety Inventory (P = .005) and the Trait Anxiety Inventory (P = .003) were significantly decreased in the Reiki group compared with the control group. Physical function (P = .000), energy (P = .009), mental health (P = .018), and pain (P = .029) subdimension scores of quality of life in the Reiki group increased significantly compared with the control group. Reiki application to patients with fibromyalgia may have positive effects on reducing pain, improving quality of life, and reducing state and trait anxiety levels.

The Effect of Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) Enhanced Schroth Method Training on Cobb Angle and Quality of Life in Patients with Scoliosis

Aim: Different treatment models are applied in cases that affect the quality of life of individuals with scoliosis. It has been stated that exercise applications, especially used in addition to physical therapy, are effective in the treatment process of patients with scoliosis. In recent years, Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) has been used to increase the performance of athletes. Accordingly, this study was planned to examine the effect of Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) application on scoliosis cobb angle and quality of life in patients with scoliosis. Methods: Twenty-four female scoliosis patients with scoliosis Cobb angle between 250 and 400 in the thoracic region between the ages of 14-26 participated in the study. The patients participating in the study were divided into three different groups as EMS Schroth exercise group (EMSS=8), Schroth exercise group (SE=8) and control group (CG=8). In addition, height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), Cobb angle measurements were taken for each group before and after the study. Scoliosis Research Society 22 scale (SRS-22) was used for these measurements. SPSS 25 statistical package program was used to evaluate the data. Since the data were not normally distributed, Mann Whitney U-test was used for pairwise comparisons. Kruskal Wallis H-tests were used to compare more than two groups. The level of significance was accepted as P&lt;0.05 in the evaluations. Results: It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the age, weight, height and BMI of the EMSS, SE and CG participants and it was found that the EMSS cobb angle decreased statistically. Also, it was stated that there was a stable and very slight decrease in the SE cobb angle. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the negative direction in the CG cobb angle. It was determined that there was a significant change in SRS-22 scale values in all sub-dimensions of EMSS and SE, and there was no statistically significant difference in the pre-test and post-test mean scores of the other sub-dimensions except the pain sub-dimension of the CG scale. Conclusion: EMS exercises will save time in terms of faster recovery of patients in the treatment of scoliosis. Besides, it will be very beneficial in terms of time and cost by shortening the rehabilitation period of athletes after sports injuries. Keywords: Scoliosis, Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), Schroth Method, Cobb Angle, Quality of Life.

Comparison of the Adaptation to Pregnancy in Women Who Received Infertility Treatment and Those Who Didn't

Abstract&#x0D; Purpose: It was aimed to compare the adaptation to pregnancy in women who received infertility treatment and those who didn't.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 174 pregnant women were included in the study, 51 in the group that received infertility treatment and 123 in the group that did not. The data were collected with the Personal Information Form including the descriptive characteristics and the Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ). &#x0D; Results: The mean age of the pregnant women who received infertility treatment was 33.73±5.79 years, while it was 28.89±4.12 years for those who didn't. Although the mean total score of PSEQ was lower in pregnant women receiving infertility treatment, the difference was not found to be statistically significant. In the group that became pregnant with the infertility treatment, the subdimension score of "thoughts about the well-being of self and baby" was found to be higher, while the scores of subdimensions "acceptance of pregnancy", "readiness for labour" and "control in labour" were lower. &#x0D; Conclusion: In the study, the adaptation to the pregnancy of both groups was found to be similar. On the other hand, pregnant women who received infertility treatment were found to have lower adaptation to the thoughts about the wellbeing of self and baby sub-dimension, and higher adaptation to the identification with the role of motherhood, preparation for labour and control in labour subdimensions.

The Impact of ICT Instruction on Online Learning Readiness of Pre-Service Teachers

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a course that included ICT skills on the online learning readiness of pre-service teachers in a completely distance education environment. In the research, single group pre-test post-test model was adopted. The study was conducted with 123 pre-service teachers. The E-Learning Readiness Scale for College Students was used to collect the data. Furthermore, the course academic achievement final scores of the participants were employed. The data collection process continued during the 2020-2021 academic year fall term. The study findings demonstrated that total online learning readiness and sub-dimension scores increased after the Information Technologies Course. It was found that there was no difference across the scores based on gender. The academic achievements of female students were higher. At the beginning of the term, it was revealed that ease of use, online learning readiness and computer self-efficacy, internet self-efficacy and learner control variables varied based on personal computer ownership. At the end of the term, both these variables and academic achievement did not differ across personal computer ownership. There was a correlation between the ease of use variable and online learning readiness both at the beginning and the end of the term. On the other hand, there was no correlation between the academic achievement and ease of use or online learning readiness. It could be suggested that the present study findings could contribute to future studies in terms of online learning readiness.

The effect of training given using three different methods on genital hygiene behaviours after medical curettage

This research was conducted to determine the effect of genital hygiene training given with three different methods after medical curettage on genital hygiene behaviours. A randomised semi-experimental study was performed with 90 patients who underwent medical curettage at a university hospital in Turkey. The participants were divided into three equal groups: verbal training, training with written materials, and demonstration only. Data was collected using the Patient Information Form and the Genital Hygiene Behaviour Scale. There was no difference between mean pre-training and post-training Genital Hygiene Behaviours Scale total and sub-dimension scores in the verbal group (p > .05). There was a difference between the groups after the training between the mean total and sub-dimensions of the Genital Hygiene Behaviour Scale scores (p < .05). The study findings showed that the demonstration method in genital hygiene training given to participants who underwent medical curettage was more effective in improving genital hygiene behaviours than other methods. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? It is seen that verbal education alone is not effective in providing and developing genital hygiene behaviours. Although studies are investigating the effectiveness of education on genital hygiene behaviours of women, there is no study investigating the effectiveness of education methods. What do the results of this study add? The demonstration method for the development of genital hygiene behaviours is more effective than verbal and written education methods. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of training methods for the development of genital hygiene behaviours. Nurses' preference for demonstration methods in genital hygiene education programs may contribute to the protection and development of health by facilitating the teaching of correct health behaviours.

The Effect of the New Type Coronavirus Outbreak on Quality of Life and Suicidal Thoughts in Psychiatric Patients.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of perceptions on the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life and suicidal ideation in both healthy controls and individuals with psychiatric disorders. The study was conducted on 4 different groups with 83 depressive disorders, 90 anxiety disorders and 61 schizophrenia patients who have been followed in Gazi University Medical Faculty Hospital Mental Health and Diseases outpatient clinic since before the COVID-19 pandemic period and another group of 93 healthy volunteers. Participants were evaluated with Sociodemographic Data Form, Suicide Probability Scale (SPS), SF-36 Quality of Life Scale (SF- 36), Perception of COVID-19 Scale (P-COVID-19), and Perception of Causes of COVID-19 Scale (PCa-COVID-19). The perception on the danger and contaigiousness of P-COVID-19 scored lowest in the schizophrenia group, compared to other groups and PCa-COVID-19's Conspiracy and Belief subdimension scores were highest. In all groups, a significant negative correlation was found between the P-COVID-19's dangerousness subdimension score and the SF-36 scale's Mental Health sub-dimension. Again, in all groups, significant positive correlations were found between the Dangerousness sub-dimension score of P-COVID-19 and the anger/impulsivity, hopelessness/loneliness and suicidal thoughts sub-dimensions of the SPS. The negative effects of perceptions associated with COVID-19 on mental health were observed both in groups with a psychiatric disorder and in healthy controls. The higher number of participants and longitudinal research will provide a better understanding of the effects of perceptions associated with COVID-19 and will guide the necessary treatment interventions.

Thirdhand smoke: How aware are patients?

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The use of tobacco and tobacco products is one of the biggest public health problems that continue to threaten human health worldwide. Thirdhand smoke (THS) is a new concept that emerges from tobacco use, and there are not enough studies on its effects on human health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the level of awareness of THS and the parameters affecting it in individuals who applied to a chest diseases hospital in Türkiye. METHODS: A total of 400 volunteers who admitted to our hospital between February and March 2022 were literate and accepted to participate in the study were included. Volunteers were given a questionnaire including the demographic characteristics and Baths-T survey, which was used to determine the awareness of THS. RESULTS: Of the 400 participants included in the study, 162 (40.5%) were females, 238 (59.5%) were males, and their mean age was 44.09±12.75 years. In our study, the mean Baths-T score was 35.1±6.74. The mean score of persistence and health beliefs was 15.51±3.54 and 19.58±3.74, respectively. It was determined that the total and two subdimension scores were statistically significantly higher in women than in men (p=0.019, 0.046, and 0.011). Awareness was statistically significantly lower in smokers and those with low education levels (p=0.001 and 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: We think that the male gender, low education level, and smokers, whose awareness level is low, should be the primary target group in informing about THS.