Stylization Techniques Research Articles

Stylizing Ribbons: Computing Surface Contours With Temporally Coherent Orientations.

Line work is a core element for the stylization of computer animations used by recent shows. However, existing stylization techniques are limited to edge treatments based on brush strokes or textures applied solely on top of curves. In this work, we propose new stylization effects by offering artists direct control over the inside and outside of surface contours. To this end, we introduce a method that creates ribbons, geometry strips of possibly varying width, that extrude from each side of the surface contour with temporally coherent orientations. Our contributions include the generation of spatially and temporally consistent normal orientations along visible contours and a trimming routine that converts arrangements of offset curves into ribbons free of intersections. We demonstrate the expressiveness and versatility of stylized ribbons by applying various effects on both character and shadow edges from animation sequences.

Music Style Transfer with Time-Varying Inversion of Diffusion Models

With the development of diffusion models, text-guided image style transfer has demonstrated great controllable and high-quality results. However, the utilization of text for diverse music style transfer poses significant challenges, primarily due to the limited availability of matched audio-text datasets. Music, being an abstract and complex art form, exhibits variations and intricacies even within the same genre, thereby making accurate textual descriptions challenging. This paper presents a music style transfer approach that effectively captures musical attributes using minimal data. We introduce a novel time-varying textual inversion module to precisely capture mel-spectrogram features at different levels. During inference, we utilize a bias-reduced stylization technique to get stable results. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can transfer the style of specific instruments, as well as incorporate natural sounds to compose melodies. Samples and code are available at https://lsfhuihuiff.github.io/MusicTI/.

New Insights in Smooth Occluding Contours for Nonphotorealistic Rendering.

Computing occluding contours is often a crucial step in stroke-based artistic 3-D stylization for movies, video games, and visualizations. However, many existing applications use only simple curve stylization techniques, such as thin black lines or hand-animated strokes. This is because sophisticated procedural stylization requires accurate curve topology, which has long been an unsolved research problem. This article describes a recent theoretical breakthrough in the topology problem. Specifically, the new theory points out that existing contour algorithms often generate curves that cannot have any valid visibility, and new algorithms show how to correct the problem. This article surveys classes of algorithms that can compute contours accurately and identifies new research opportunities.

Artistic Characteristics and Innovative Application of Ink Animation in Animation Scenes in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract This paper discusses the artistic characteristics and innovative applications of ink animation in the era of artificial intelligence, mainly including the preprocessing of ink works, the Extraction of stylistic feature analysis, the internal haloing technique, and the simulation technique of ink painting features. The research methods include image segmentation, object contour and internal separation, and the application of ink stylization techniques. The results show that the improved CIE1976L*a*b* color space transformation and the “kernel-free” region growing method have successfully realized the efficient processing and stylistic feature extraction of ink works. The experiments use the gray scale co-production matrix for texture characterization, and the results show that the extracted stylistic features have a high degree of consistency with the traditional artistic features of ink animation. In addition, the practical expression of terrain ink style is realized by 3D ink rendering technology, which demonstrates the innovative application of ink animation in modern technology.

Portrait stylized rendering for 3D light-field display based on radiation field and example guide.

With the development of three-dimensional (3D) light-field display technology, 3D scenes with correct location information and depth information can be perceived without wearing any external device. Only 2D stylized portrait images can be generated with traditional portrait stylization methods and it is difficult to produce high-quality stylized portrait content for 3D light-field displays. 3D light-field displays require the generation of content with accurate depth and spatial information, which is not achievable with 2D images alone. New and innovative portrait stylization techniques methods should be presented to meet the requirements of 3D light-field displays. A portrait stylization method for 3D light-field displays is proposed, which maintain the consistency of dense views in light-field display when the 3D stylized portrait is generated. Example-based portrait stylization method is used to migrate the designated style image to the portrait image, which can prevent the loss of contour information in 3D light-field portraits. To minimize the diversity in color information and further constrain the contour details of portraits, the Laplacian loss function is introduced in the pre-trained deep learning model. The three-dimensional representation of the stylized portrait scene is reconstructed, and the stylized 3D light field image of the portrait is generated the mask guide based light-field coding method. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can use the real portrait photos to generate high quality 3D light-field portrait content.

Interactive Control over Temporal Consistency while Stylizing Video Streams

AbstractImage stylization has seen significant advancement and widespread interest over the years, leading to the development of a multitude of techniques. Extending these stylization techniques, such as Neural Style Transfer (NST), to videos is often achieved by applying them on a per‐frame basis. However, per‐frame stylization usually lacks temporal consistency, expressed by undesirable flickering artifacts. Most of the existing approaches for enforcing temporal consistency suffer from one or more of the following drawbacks: They (1) are only suitable for a limited range of techniques, (2) do not support online processing as they require the complete video as input, (3) cannot provide consistency for the task of stylization, or (4) do not provide interactive consistency control. Domain‐agnostic techniques for temporal consistency aim to eradicate flickering completely but typically disregard aesthetic aspects. For stylization tasks, however, consistency control is an essential requirement as a certain amount of flickering adds to the artistic look and feel. Moreover, making this control interactive is paramount from a usability perspective. To achieve the above requirements, we propose an approach that stylizes video streams in real‐time at full HD resolutions while providing interactive consistency control. We develop a lite optical‐flow network that operates at 80 Frames per second (FPS) on desktop systems with sufficient accuracy. Further, we employ an adaptive combination of local and global consistency features and enable interactive selection between them. Objective and subjective evaluations demonstrate that our method is superior to state‐of‐the‐art video consistency approaches. maxreimann.github.io/stream‐consistency

Stylization and transformation of an image in the aspect of perception of an artistic image

The article discusses such aspects of the topic as the concept of stylization and transformation, the relationship of stylization with the concept of style in fine art, as well as its impact on the perception of an artistic image. The question of visual and emotional perception is touched upon, which are directly influenced by a stylized artistic image. The subject of the article is the analysis of stylization methods and techniques that work on the perception of an artistic image. The aim of the research is to comprehend the ways and techniques of stylization of the depicted object, through artistic means of expression, which in the perceived content are able to create a more emotional and expressive artistic image. Depending on the degree of transformation of the surrounding reality, the author identified such stylization methods as the iconic method, the geometric method, symbol-based stylization and the abstract method of stylization. Based on a specific artistic material, the analysis made it possible to identify the peculiarities of the perception of an artistic image with each method of stylization. Stylization techniques that work on the perception of the viewer, due to the achievement of greater expressiveness of the artistic image, are determined. The author emphasizes the need to use stylization and transformation to endow an artistic image with increased expression and originality, which in the structure of an artistic work are the main means of reflecting an artistic idea and an integral part in the performance of the set compositional tasks.

Landscaping of Montenegrin resorts: Adriatic coast and the Bay of Kotor

The article analyzes the features of landscape design of two different subzones of Montenegro – the northern part of the Adriatic coast and the Bay of Kotor. The aim of the article is to identify the main natural and urban planning factors that determine the nature of greening in the resort towns of the North Coastal region of Montenegro, characteristic techniques of greening and basic approaches to landscape design of the territory of recreational facilities. The methods of geospatial analysis, historical analysis and comparative analysis were used. As a result of the study, the determining role of relief in the predominance of certain methods of greening of resort towns was proven.Comparison of greening techniques of the resort towns of Herceg Novi and Budva showed greater compliance with the local flora of grrening in Herceg Novi and greater exotic landscaping of the tourist area of the Adriatic coast – so called Budva Riviera. Seven characteristic methods of landscape design in the resort towns of the North Coastal region of Montenegro have been identified. Two main approaches to the landscape design of the territory of recreational facilities have been identified: "closed", when a closed environment of a recreational facility is created according to the "city within a city" principle with extensive use of stylization techniques and exotic plants, and "open", when views on the attractive natural landscapes or on historical buildings, and landscaping mainly uses local plant species.

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.): Source of Ideas Behind the Semarang Batik Motifs to Strengthen Local Cultural Identity

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.), a type of tropical plant that grows in Indonesia has various benefits and has been widely studied by various disciplines. The study of Tamarind as a source of ideas for art creation, on the other hand, has not been widely carried out. The aims of this study are: (1) To explain the process of creating Semarang batik motifs using the idea of Tamarind through the stylization of forms; (2) to analyze the shape of the Tamarind batik motif to strengthen the identity of Semarang’s local culture. This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods to examine phenomena related to the creation process and the uniqueness of locality-based batik motifs on batik artisans in Semarang City. The data collection techniques used were observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies. The data that has been collected was analyzed interactively through data reduction, presentation, and conclusions with the scope of analysis in intra-aesthetic and extra-aesthetic studies. The results showed that: (1) Tamarind is a typical plant that is closely related to the toponym of the city of Semarang so it becomes a source of ideas for the creation of locality-based batik motifs through the stylization technique by Semarang batik artisans; (2) Visualization of the shape of the Tamarind batik motif that has been produced shows the diversity and uniqueness of the form as an aesthetic expression of the batik artisan in responding to the beauty of the natural and socio-cultural environment in Semarang City according to the level of knowledge and aesthetic experience. This research contributes to the batik artisan in exploring the diversity of local plant species as a source of ideas for creating environmentally-based batik motifs to strengthen the value of local cultural identity.

Design Space of Geometry-based Image Abstraction Techniques with Vectorization Applications

The paper presents a new approach of optimized vectorization to generate stylized artifacts such as drawings with a plotter or cutouts with a laser cutter. For this, we developed a methodology for transformations between raster and vector space. More over, we identify semiotic aspects of Geometry-based Stylization Techniques (GSTs) and the combination with raster-based stylization techniques. Therefore, the system enables also Fused Stylization Techniques (FSTs).

Fluidymation: Stylizing Animations Using Natural Dynamics of Artistic Media

AbstractWe present Fluidymation—a new example‐based approach to stylizing animation that employs the natural dynamics of artistic media to convey a prescribed motion. In contrast to previous stylization techniques that transfer the hand‐painted appearance of a static style exemplar and then try to enforce temporal coherence, we use moving exemplars that capture the artistic medium's inherent dynamic properties, and transfer both movement and appearance to reproduce natural‐looking transitions between individual animation frames. Our approach can synthetically generate stylized sequences that look as if actual paint is diffusing across a canvas in the direction and speed of the target motion.

История одного обрядового текста, опубликованного Иваном Сахаровым

Among the publications prepared by Ivan Petrovich Sakharov (1807–1863), there are a number of texts that represent literary stylizations and hoaxes based on folklore. The article deals with one of these pseudo-folklore texts — a Christmas carol (kolyadka) that describes goat sacrifice. This carol was first published by I.P. Sakharov in 1837, reprinted by I.M. Snegirev in 1838, and then reproduced by many researchers of Slavic mythology. This paper argues that this carol is a combination of two texts: the first of them is the carol first published in 1817 by I.E. Sreznevsky in Ukrainsky Vestnik; the second one is the song being part of the fairy tale about brother Ivanushka and sister Alyonushka (SUS 450). This contamination is unique and occurs only in one text, albeit many times reprinted later. The article argues that this carol may belong to the pen of two anonymous folklore carriers, I.E. Sreznevsky and I.P. Sakharov. Sakharov’s stylization technique is characterized by the contamination of works belonging to various folklore genres. As a result, we encounter texts that are obscure within authentic tradition. Despite the fact that the Sakharov carol is an authored work, generations of historians and mythologists read it as a description of the ritual that was performed in ancient times by pagan Slavs.

A személyesség invenciói a magyar dokumentumfilmben

The study examines the “personalness” of Hungarian creative documentary films, and compares this new kind of personalness to the one characteristic of Hungarian documentaries from the 1970s. Three traditions of Hungarian documentaries are distinguished: vérité-films, avant-guard experimental films, and tabloid cinema, adapting the heritage of direct cinéma. The argument offers a discussion of diverse interpretive conditions of personalness for each of the three trends. Films in the tabloid cinema tradition make up the decisive trend of Hungarian documentaries, offering a specific attempt at “novelification”, the introduction of a sociological sensitivity, an attempt at representing social relationships in an objective way, as well as an ambiguous flirting with forms of fiction films. With the rhetorical structuring of the theme, the countrapuntal and dialogical representation and diverse stylization techniques, contemporary documentaries shift the sociological perspective of the documentaries from the 1970s, and point to its frequently limiting nature. They change the point of departure of films close to or continuing the tradition of verité-films: the “singularity of the witness” in these films takes over the fiction of neutral/objective observation dominant in the films of the 1970s. As a result, the documentary nature of the film image is fundamentally rethought in these films.

ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ СРЕДСТВА СКАЗОВОГО ПОВЕСТВОВАНИЯ В РАССКАЗЕ А. Ф. ПИСЕМСКОГО «ИСТОРИЯ О ПЕТУХЕ»

The article presents a philological analysis of the system of linguistic means that determine the stylistic distinctness of the story by Alexei Feofilaktovich Pisemsky «The tale of the rooster» (1865). The purpose of the study is to identify the structural, semantic and pragmatic properties of the textual key elements that create a speech portrait of the narrator, dialogize his story and provide the semantic integrity of the narrative. The study of linguistic techniques and means of stylization of the colloquial speech in a tale is based on the peculiarities of the subject-speech organization in a work of fiction: the convergence of the first person narrator’s speech and the storyteller’s speech, forming a two-voiced narration; a variety of artistic dialogues that reproduce the folk speech of peasants and district police officers. The pragmatic potential of the analyzed linguistic units is manifested in their active influence on the composition and content organization of the fairy tale narration. The article also examines the key metaphorical images created by the lexico-phraseological and syntactic means. A careful consideration in the analysis is also given to hyperbolic comparative patterns and gradation series, which are expressive characteristics of events and characters’ actions. The fictional dialogues are analyzed in detail, revealing the main conflict of the fairy tale narration: the clash of a greedy and hypocritical police officer with the village peasants who seek to avoid the discontent of the authorities at any cost. The key semantic elements combine separate compositional parts of the story into a common narrative space and enhance the dynamics of the action. Dialogization of the narrative monologue is carried out by including the direct speech of the characters and the active interaction of the subject-speech plans of the narrator and the primary storyteller. The comic undertone in a fairy tale narration is created by textual repetitions of different types, parallel syntactic constructions and gradation series, contextual synonymy and antonymy, evaluative vocabulary and phraseology, which forms the emotiveness of a literary text and conveys the irony of the narrator in relation to the events depicted, as well as the changing feelings and moods of a hypocritical police official. As a result of the study of the linguistic features in the story by A. F. Pisemsky «The tale of the rooster», the author of the article brings into focus a system of speech means and stylization techniques that determine the peculiarities of the tale narration and have a high pragmatic potential, as well as explicate the conceptual content of the text and ensure its structural and semantic integrity.

Intermediate Representations for Vectorization of Stylized Images

This paper presents a new approach for the vectorization of stylized images using intermediate data representations to interface image stylization and vectorization techniques. It enables the combination of efficient GPU-based implementations of interactive image stylization techniques and the advantages of vectorized image representations. We demonstrate the capabilities of our approach using half-toning and toon stylization techniques.

«ПРИГОДИ ЕМЕ ЛЕБЕФ» МИХАЙЛА КУЗМІНА ЯК LA NOVELA PICARESCA І «ГАЛАНТНИЙ» РОМАН

У статті розглядається образ героя-авантюриста в ранній прозі Михайла Кузміна. Аналізується генезис і специфічні риси, властиві героям повісті «Пригоди Еме Лебеф». Встановлено, що поява такого героя була продиктована однією з провідних тенденцій літератури Срібного століття - стилізаторством, яке було властиве усім видам мистецтв. Особливою увагою у представників російської культури початку XX століття користувався «галантний вік» у Франції, перш за все, що домінував в цей час стиль рококо, що вирізнялося особливою витонченістю форми, пильною увагою до деталей і чуттєвої стороні людського життя. Доведено, що Кузмін використовує практично всі звичні сюжетні схеми шахрайського роману, але зберігає найчастіше тільки їх каркас, при цьому опускаючи всі подробиці. Звернувшись до форми шахрайського роману, письменник досить серйозно трансформує її зміст, в чому і полягає, на думку авторів статті, сама суть стилізації. Більшість традиційних мотивів виконує в «Пригодах Еме Лебеф» допоміжну функцію. Головним для автора є створення динамічного захоплюючого сюжету, наповненого безліччю перипетій, з одного боку, і помістити в тексті натяки на сучасну автору повісті реальність – з іншого. Повість Кузміна стає в певному сенсі його поетичним маніфестом і позначає позицію письменника в загальній дискусії, яка розгорнулася на початку XX століття (наприклад, хрестоматійно відомий вірш А. Кручених «Дір, бул, щил» або роботи В. Хлєбнікова) з приводу найближчих перспектив розвитку російської мови. Вступивши в літературу як стилізатор-іноземець, Кузмін відродив стару суперечку між послідовниками адмірала Шишкова і письменника Н.М. Карамзіна, безумовно, розділяючи переконання останніх. Автори статті дійшли висновку, що створюючи «Пригоди Еме Лебефа», М. Кузмін мав на меті не тільки розважити публіку або продемонструвати віртуозне володіння технікою стилізації. Він ставив більш серйозні завдання, проводячи паралель між Західною Європою XVIII століття напередодні Великої французької революції і Росією початку XX століття, яка щойно вийшла з купелі першої революції 1905 року і стояла на порозі Лютневої і Жовтневої революцій 1917 року.

КОНТАМІНАЦІЯ ЯК ПРОЯВ ЕКЛЕКТИЧНОСТІ В СУЧАСНІЙ СТИЛІЗАЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАРОДНО-СЦЕНІЧНОГО ТАНЦЮ

Мета статті – дослідити особливості та сучасні тенденції контамінації в процесі стилізації українського народно-сценічного танцю. Методологія дослідження полягає в застосуванні методів наукового пізнання: логіко-аналітичний для окреслення концептуальних підходів та виявлення основних тенденцій розвитку українського народно-сценічного танцю, діалектичний для вияву творчих суперечностей у стилізації народно танцю, історичний, що дозволяє простежити основні етапи становлення сценічної хореографії. Наукова новизна одержаних результатів полягає у системному, цілісному аналізі специфіки сучасних постановок народно-сценічного танцю та обґрунтуванні доцільності застосування інноваційних форм та авторських інтерпретацій контамінації сучасної хореографії. Висновки. Український народно-сценічний танець, лексика якого сформована провідними балетмейстерами ХХ ст. на основі фольклорних джерел шляхом трансформації, відповідно законам сценічної хореографії, збагачується та еволюціонує завдяки набуткам вітчизняних хореографів, їх досягненням в процесі застосування інноваційних методів контамінації, задля винайдення сучасних виражальних засобів. Серед пріоритетних тенденцій контамінації у процесі створення народно-сценічного танцю визначено: створення хореографічних композицій на основі фольклорних першоджерел; висококваліфікований підхід до аналізу лексичного матеріалу та малюнку танцю; особливості техніки хореографічної стилізації та професійний підхід до стилістичної інтерпретації матеріалу; органічне поєднання елементів локальної танцювальної лексики з сучасними ритмами та рухами; відповідна трансформація музично-ритмічної формули, сюжетної будови та ін.

Digital Modification Techniques Application On Footwear Upper Decorative Design Process

The speed of creation in the consumer products industry is demanded to be able to offset the speed of its market demand. The needs for novelty of design and features that are part of the value component of the performance of a product have become a vital need in winning market competition. Thus, in the era of industrial digitalization as of now, the role of creativity and technology cannot be separated. Therefore, by referring to the development of this phenomenon, the involvement of digital technology in small industries in Indonesia is very important to increase its role, especially if associated with the declaration of Indonesia to enter the era of the Indonesian Industrial Revolution 4.0. But among Indonesia's small-medium industries (IKM , industri kecil-menengah ), the existence of digital technology is still not used effectively in its design and production activities so that the novelty and excellence of design that is expected to be the main initiator in market competition is difficult to find in their products. Referring to the problem, the creative development activities through digital modification techniques (DMT) developed from stylization techniques will show that footwear IKM industrialists have the opportunity to improve their creative abilities to produce more quality products. Through participatory experimental activities on footwear IKM business groups located in Cibaduyut, they show mapping and their potential in adopting this creative method so that it is expected that the work develops in the form of decorative designs on the footwear upper products they produce.

Deep Painterly Harmonization

AbstractCopying an element from a photo and pasting it into a painting is a challenging task. Applying photo compositing techniques in this context yields subpar results that look like a collage — and existing painterly stylization algorithms, which are global, perform poorly when applied locally. We address these issues with a dedicated algorithm that carefully determines the local statistics to be transferred. We ensure both spatial and inter‐scale statistical consistency and demonstrate that both aspects are key to generating quality results. To cope with the diversity of abstraction levels and types of paintings, we introduce a technique to adjust the parameters of the transfer depending on the painting. We show that our algorithm produces significantly better results than photo compositing or global stylization techniques and that it enables creative painterly edits that would be otherwise difficult to achieve.

StyLit

We present an approach to example-based stylization of 3D renderings that better preserves the rich expressiveness of hand-created artwork. Unlike previous techniques, which are mainly guided by colors and normals, our approach is based on light propagation in the scene. This novel type of guidance can distinguish among context-dependent illumination effects, for which artists typically use different stylization techniques, and delivers a look closer to realistic artwork. In addition, we demonstrate that the current state of the art in guided texture synthesis produces artifacts that can significantly decrease the fidelity of the synthesized imagery, and propose an improved algorithm that alleviates them. Finally, we demonstrate our method's effectiveness on a variety of scenes and styles, in applications like interactive shading study or autocompletion.