Participative Style Research Articles

Situational Leadership of the School Principal in Improving Teacher's Pedagogic Competence In Kindergarten Gugus 2 UPTD 1 Johan Pahlawan, West Aceh District, Indonesia

This study aimed to determine how the principal's instructive, consultative, participatory, and delegation styles improve teacher pedagogic competence in Kindergarten cluster 2 UPTD 1 Johan Pahlawan West Aceh District. This study uses a qualitative approach, namely the analysis and description of a symptom and phenomenon, attitudes, social activities and one's thoughts in both groups and individuals. According to the study, the principal's instructive style consists in improving teacher pedagogical competence. This can be seen in the principal's indicator of directing teachers to complete administrative tasks related to curriculum or syllabus development. The consultative style of the principal is more on the planning aspect of learning and implementation of knowledge. The principal's participative style increases teacher pedagogic competence on academic indicators. The delegation style of the principal delegates the task to a person deemed competent to complete the job when the top leaves school for official business and if the principal is sick.

Leadership style in transition? Decision-making processes in cabin crew's pre-flight briefings

In this article we study how top-down propagated processes of hierarchical flattening affect the leadership style of participants in an atypical Community of Practice (CofP), namely the cabin crew of an airline. We focus on pre-flight briefing meetings and tease out how cabin crew members (CCMs) negotiate the division of in-flight positions. This decision tends to be based on a general principle, namely the seniority of the CCMs. By means of a micro-oriented discourse analytical approach, we tease out how decisions that follow as well as divert from this principle are discursively negotiated. We conclude the article by discussing what the implications of this discursive work are for the leadership style that is enacted in these meetings and we call for more research on atypical CofPs, such as these highly ephemeral working groups that do not have many chances to develop their own CofP-norms.

Predominant Leadership Styles Used by SMES In Zimbabwe: A Case of Bulawayo’s Central Business Area

The growth and success of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is key to the sustainable development of developing countries such as Zimbabwe where deplorable unemployment rates and gigantic gaps between the rich and the poor are widespread. Although SMEs have the capacity to drive economic growth and act as a panacea to the challenges that have bedevilled many African countries, they suffer from high failure rates caused by lack of managerial skills and inappropriate leadership style. The study sought to identify the predominant leadership styles used by SMEs in Zimbabwe by adopting a quantitative research design where a survey was used. Primary data was collected from 241 participants from Bulawayo’s Central Business Area through the use of a closed-ended questionnaire. The study identified two leadership styles namely selective participation style and directional leadership style that were used by SMEs in Zimbabwe. The study concluded that the predominant leadership style used was the directional leadership style. SMEs leaders are encouraged to identify and use a style that will be appropriate for the situation at hand rather than relying only on one style irrespective of the situation.

The Influence of Different Leadership Styles on the Entrepreneurial Process: A Qualitative Study

Leadership has become a complex, difficult subject with various facets for organisations, as it involves challenges regarding the best style for leaders to adopt. This study aims to analyse how the different leadership styles, presented throughout the various stages of the entrepreneurial process (discovery, application, implementation, and growth), can influence this type of process in the small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) context. To this end, qualitative research of an exploratory nature was undertaken, based on four Portuguese SMEs (case studies) from different sectors. Data were collected from interviews with leaders and followers in the four SMEs selected, as well as through documentary analysis. From the content analysis, the empirical evidence obtained leads to the conclusion that there is not just one leadership style followed by the SMEs analysed in the different stages of the entrepreneurial process. However, the transactional style of leadership was identified in two stages of that process: discovering the idea and implementing the idea. In the second stage of the entrepreneurial process, the application of the idea, a transformational style was identified, and at the final stage (growth), two leadership styles emerged: a participative style and a relational style. Therefore, the study contributes to advancing knowledge in the area by demonstrating how the style of leadership affects and influences not only the entrepreneurial process but also followers’ behaviour and attitudes. In addition, this study suggests that sometimes entrepreneurship and leadership are used as interchangeable terms in the entrepreneurial process.

A STUDY ON LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ITS IMPACT ON ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS

Leadership is one of the important aspects for the success of the organization. The paper begins by looking at basic sources of leadership practices which describe interpersonal relation at work and explain the leader’s role played in an organization, is a critical component of successful management. The paper will explore the impact of different leadership styles on organization performance and a sound understanding of group dynamics. The study examines major leadership styles and the relationship between transformational, transactional and participative styles and how the exceptional leaders can identify the art of reframing leadership practices based on the situation and requirement to get improved outcomes for organization. Also will discuss about reframing and implementing leadership qualities for conflict management, stress management, time management and the skills and processes of successful leadership practices. This research paper emphasizes how reframing of leadership styles are significant for leaders, followers and for business success. In this study, both primary and secondary research will be conducted, primary research will be using the quantitate approach by survey approach based on questionnaire. The secondary research through the review of previously proven literature. It has been recommended that in organizations reframing leadership practices required to enhance the capabilities and abilities of the organization to achieve its objectives. KEYWORDS: Transformational Leadership; Transactional Leadership; Participative Leadership; Organizational Performance; conflict management; stress management; time management; Group Dynamic.

‘Take Power—Vote Liberal’: Jeremy Thorpe, the 1974 Liberal Revival, and the Politics of 1970s Britain

Abstract The Liberal Party’s 1972–4 revival under Jeremy Thorpe placed it at the heart of political debate in 1970s Britain—a period marked by inflation, strikes, and recurrent talk of political ‘crisis’. This article explores the evolution of Liberal policy, strategy, and support between 1970 and 1979, and argues that Thorpe and his colleagues were agents as well as beneficiaries of electoral dealignment. As long-standing critics of class politics, Liberals were well placed to exploit voters’ frustrations with Edward Heath and Harold Wilson and to articulate demands for a more collaborative and participatory style of government. Thorpe’s populist critique of the two-party system was backed up by a distinctive plan for economic and political renewal, in which social, industrial, and constitutional reforms would give governments the legitimacy to make incomes policies work. These ideas resonated strongly in the two 1974 general elections, but the Liberals’ new-found support was relatively shallow, and Thorpe’s appeal was waning even before the Norman Scott affair forced his 1976 resignation. The 1970s Liberal revival nevertheless laid important political foundations which the SDP/Liberal Alliance would build on after 1981, as it sought to articulate a centrist alternative to Thatcherism.

Leadership practices and the ethical values in Deuteronomy

Task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership styles can also be classified as autocratic or participative. Both types must be understood in terms of the decision-making process they employ. The autocratic style functions autonomously, whereas the participatory style incorporates all team members in decision-making. There are several perspectives on integrated systems in leadership, but a set of shared principles is at the heart of this interconnectedness. However, these common principles strive for people’s holistic development, so family, civic, military, and religious leadership practices coexist with seamless coordination based on integrated systems. This study's endeavor addresses ontological and epistemological problems concerning the reality, being, and function of leadership. Specifically, this work investigates a leadership philosophy with specific reference to the Book of Deuteronomy of the Judeo-Christian Bible. This work argues that what the book of Deuteronomy teaches about leadership techniques is critical and basic to all the learning that can be gleaned from old and new biblical books. This is because the Torah, or Law, serves as the foundation for all teachings in the Bible, and the Torah contains the Book of Deuteronomy. Furthermore, because Moses taught the succession of teachings in the book, the leadership concept coming from the Book of Deuteronomy can be applied to nation-building. The research uses narrative and social-scientific criticism to analyze the characters and content.

Attractiveness consumption, personality traits and sustainability: Construction and empirical application of evaluation indicators for attractive attributes of China-chic T-shirt products.

The rapid development of China's cultural and creative industries has given cultural fashion products, represented by China-chic () T-shirts, vitality. In recent years, with the arrival of the era of design-led emotional sensory, products with attractive and qualia characteristics have become an important tool to attract consumers and create a competitive brand. Therefore, this study aimed to build an evaluation index of the attractive attributes of China-chic T-shirt products from the perspective of attractive consumption to serve as an important basis for improving product development and thus promoting the sustainable development of China-chic T-shirt products. Firstly, a three-level hierarchical model was established for the sustainable development of China-chic T-shirt products based on literature research. Secondly, through the evaluation grid method and factor analysis method, we extracted the attractive elements and factors associated with China-chic T-shirt products and established an objective evaluation index for the attractive attributes of China-chic T-shirt products. Twenty-five participants with different decision-making personalities tested three products with expert validity. The weights of the evaluation indexes of the attractive attributes of China-chic T-shirt products were evaluated using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Finally, a two-factor mixed design ANOVA was conducted to check the practical value of the evaluation index of the attractive attributes of China-chic T-shirt products. The results show that the evaluation indexes of the attractive attributes of China-chic T-shirt products include 7 attractive factors, including the brand image feature, perceptual association feature, beauty feature, delicacy feature, creativity feature, engineering feature, and green feature, as well as 32 attractive elements. Through an empirical application analysis, it was found that the index has an excellent ability to differentiate between the attractive characteristics of different styles of products and test participants with different decision-making personalities.

Controlled and Autonomous Motivation Relation with Social Media Network Content Contribution: Post-COVID-19 Scenario

People are dependent on Social Media Networks (SMNs) to get in time information about crises. Therefore, emergency managers are interested in how individuals participate in social media networking sites after crises, as well as in how to encourage their participation. Based on the theory of self-determination, this study builds a theoretical model to investigate how various varieties of motivation lead to different kinds of participation in SMNs after a crisis. A survey was conducted after COVID-19, which occurred in China and Europe at the end of December 2019. The 310 data were gathered by a "time-lagged, two-wave survey" and "convenience sampling." According to the findings of this study, autonomous motivation is strongly linked to posting new COVID-19 content, while controlled motivation is significantly linked to commenting on others' COVID-19 content. Moreover, perceived autonomy and perceived relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation. This study proposes that crisis managers might wish to enhance various kinds of motivations; dependent on the particular take-part behavior chosen post crises. Moreover, perceived autonomy and relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation. The study proposes that risk managers may seek to promote different forms of motives based on the preferred style of participation after a crisis.

The Effect of Participative Leadership Style on Employees’ Performance: The Contingent Role of Institutional Theory

This study aimed to examine the moderating role of institutional theory in the association between participative leadership style and various outcomes, such as employee loyalty and job performance in organizations. A cross-sectional research design was employed, where data were gathered from 347 participants from all managerial levels in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The findings demonstrated how the level of complexity of the institutional theory reduces the positive relationship between participative leadership style and employee loyalty, negatively affecting job performance. The current study contributes to the existing leadership literature by showing that participatory leaders do not behave similarly across various degrees of institutional theory complexity. The findings suggest that the higher the complexity of institutionalism, the wider the gap between leaders and subordinates, so implementing the participative style may become problematic in some circumstances.

Periodontal maintenance: individual patient responses and discontinuations

AimThere is a lack of data on long-term impact of different psychological variables on periodontitis. Aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of psychological factors in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP; according to the 1999 Classification of Periodontal Diseases) to explain adherence to or discontinuation of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in a university setting.MethodsA sample of n = 119 patients were examined in a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey. All patients had received active periodontal treatment (APT) and were reevaluated in a university setting (Kiel) before 2016 [T1: start SPT]. Patients who showed sufficient adherence to SPT of ≥ 2 years (maximum ± 6 months of deviation between SPT intervals, last visit and questionnaire at T2) were assigned to the adherence group (AG: n = 58), or, if they interrupted SPT or stopped treatment altogether, to the non-adherence group (NAG: n = 61). In addition to dental parameters, we assessed socio-demographic, treatment-related (critical attitudes/complaints), dental as well as psychological variables (especially psychological attachment, but also dental fear, patient participation style, personality functioning) and examined between-group differences as well as possible mediating factors of non-adherence to treatment continuation.ResultsFor both groups we found similar average observation time (NAG/AG: 15.9(8.9)/14.9(10.6)years). There were significant differences in age, critical attitudes, dental fear, and patient participation style between the groups. With the help of exploratory sequential mediation models, we found a significant indirect pathway of the impact of attachment anxiety on discontinuation of treatment mediated through dental fear and number of critical attitudes/complaints.ConclusionConsidering the limitations, dentists should be aware of personality-related risk-factors such as attachment anxiety as well as their interplay with levels of dental fear and critical attitudes which may influence adherence to SPT.Trial registration: The clinical trial was retrospectively registered in the DRKS—German Clinical Trials Register (https://www.drks.de) with registration DRKS00030092 (26/08/2022).

Evaluating the DICE method to improve early recognition and treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in early Alzheimer’s disease

AbstractBackgroundWhile neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in early Alzheimer’s disease (AD), they are currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in the memory clinic. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of the Describe, Investigate, Create, Evaluate (DICE™) approach to structure and standardize the care for NPS in AD in the memory clinic.MethodA total of 60 community‐dwelling patients with MCI, AD dementia, or AD/VaD dementia were enrolled with their caregivers in two waves (Table‐1). The first wave (n = 36) received care as usual and served as a control group, while the second wave of patients (n = 24, of which n = 20 have currently completed the study) underwent the DICE method. We applied the DICE method during two visits in which NPS were assessed, underlying causes were examined, and patients and caregivers were instructed on management strategies to deal with NPS, which were evaluated after one month. Outcomes were assessed after three and six months. Primary outcomes were quality of life of patients (QoL‐AD) and caregivers (Carerqol‐7D). Secondary outcomes included caregiver burden (Perseverance time), NPS prevalence and severity (NPI‐Q & BEHAVE‐AD), NPS‐related distress (NPI‐Q), competence managing NPS (additional NPI‐Q item), and psychotropic drug use. We used linear mixed models to examine differences in outcomes at group‐level and reliable change index to examine which participants in the intervention group showed reliable improvement in the primary outcomes.ResultWe found no significant differences between the two groups in change in quality of life or any of the secondary outcomes (all p>0.05, Table‐2). A proportion of the intervention group showed reliable improvement in quality of life of patients (n = 6/20) and caregivers (n = 7/20). At baseline, these patients tended to show higher NPS burden and their caregivers reported more NPS‐related distress and lower feelings of competence while managing NPS compared to participants that did no show reliable improvement.ConclusionThis Stage 2 efficacy study shows no benefits of the DICE method on in early AD at group‐level, but suggest that particular participants might benefit from this approach. Data will be re‐analyzed when all intervention group participants have completed the study and will be extended with qualitative data investigating NPS‐related knowledge and management styles of participants.

Patterns of social participation and impacts on memory among the older people.

This study employs latent class analysis to analyze the social participation patterns of elderly Chinese, as well as the impact of different social participation patterns on memory. According to the results, older persons exhibit four distinct social participation patterns. and senior citizens with a strong emphasis on entertainment had a better memory than those with a low participation level. Although there was no difference in urban elders' memory across the four social engagement patterns, the connection varied significantly between urban and rural seniors. As a result, it is suggested that the elderly's memory be improved by protecting their right to social involvement, enriching the style and content of social participation, and assuring the continuity of their social obligations.

Analysis of the Leadership Style of the Head of The Library at the Muhammadiyah University of Jakarta

The University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta Library is one of the private university libraries which has approximately 20 librarians spread across all faculties. Each faculty consists of up to 1 to 2 librarians. The University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta campus consists of 2 campuses, namely the Cirendeu Campus and the Cempaka Putih Campus. The Central Library is located on the Cirendeu Campus. This study aims to analyze the leadership style applied by the head of the library at the Muhammadiyah University in Jakarta or abbreviated as UMJ. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques, interviews, and observations. The observation was done to analyze matters related to research, namely the leadership style applied by the head of the library. Data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. This study shows that the application of leadership style in the UMJ library adopts a situational leadership style system by measuring it through four aspects, namely informant style, sales style, participatory style, and delegation style. The ideal leadership element is already owned by the head librarian of the University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta, it can be seen from the positive stigma that his subordinates put out, thus making the library a library development that can happen quickly. Furthermore, judging from the application of the leadership style of the head of the Muhammadiyah Jakarta university library, it is very suitable to be applied in the Muhammadiyah Jakarta University library because it can adapt to the work environment that occurs in that place.

Influence of Leadership Style on Information Systems Project Outcomes

ABSTRACT Recent studies on information systems development have focused more on project management methods such as Agile and Kanban. These styles are often implemented at an organizational level. We study project leadership styles at an individual level to see whether different leadership styles can be employed with different types of employees and genders to improve project performance. We found that the participative style positively impacted the psychological outcome. In turn, the psychological outcome positively affected the internal efficiencies of the project. The results also showed that the participative leadership style showed a higher level of psychological satisfaction for females. The directive leadership style had an adverse effect on in-house employees but a positive effect on outsourced employees. These differences highlight how project managers should manage these groups differently to achieve desired project outcomes

Redeeming by Unlearning: A Critical Discourse Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy on Facebook.

As false and debunked claims about the COVID-19 virus and vaccines were pervasively disseminated across online social networks, their detrimental effects necessitated that social media companies track down and remove the disinformation. To explore the lingering vaccine hesitancy and resistance within a vaccine discussion group on Facebook, this study applies a nascent framework called Information Acts in three communication styles. Employing critical discourse analysis methodology, this study showed that the dominant communication styles of vaccine hesitant participants (VHPs) are locutionary and perlocutionary acts. Those VHPs can reduce and eventually end their vaccine hesitancy and resistance in the process of informative and rational communication and interactive and ad-hoc support for informed decision-making. The results pose challenges and opportunities for public health communication and information provision to cultivate information resilience and interventions targeting VHPs.

Participation Styles, Turn-Taking Strategies, and Marginalization in Intercultural Decision-Making Discourse

Marginalization in decision-making discourse results in disempowerment of the marginalized and detracts from the efficacy of participatory decision making. In ESL contexts, it is usually associated with English proficiency. But this view ignores the influence of preferences for different participation styles, an understanding of which is essential for the development of effective pedagogical remedies to the problem of marginalization. The present study addresses this gap by investigating discourse participation and marginalization from a participation styles perspective. Findings reveal that marginalization resulted from a failure to adopt turn-taking strategies associated with dominant participation styles. Implications for pedagogy are discussed.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Well-Being of Catholic Priests in Canada

Among the general population, frontline workers have been identified to be at heightened risk for negative mental health consequences related to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Catholic priests, who minister to approximately 30% of Canadians, in their role as frontline workers, have been profoundly limited in the provision of pastoral care due to public health restrictions. However, little is known about the impact pandemic distress has on this largely understudied population. Four hundred and eleven Catholic priests across Canada participated in an online survey during May and June 2021. Multiple regression analysis examined how depression, anxiety, traumatic impact of events, loneliness, and religious coping style affect the psychological well-being, satisfaction as a priest, and priestly identity of participants. Results demonstrated that pandemic distress significantly impacts the psychological well-being of priest participants. Depression and loneliness surfaced as significant considerations associated with lowered psychological well-being. While neither anxiety nor traumatic distress reached a significance threshold, the religious coping style of participants emerged as an important factor in the psychological well-being of priests. Results of the study contribute to the understanding of how the pandemic has impacted a less visible group of frontline workers.

The Managerial Performance of Megou Pak Tulang Bawang University

The changes in the regulation of accreditation criteria from 7 standards to 9 standards and the inconsistency of the results of previous research regarding the effect of incentives, non-financial performance, and leadership style on managerial performance have become an interest in conducting this research again. This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect of incentives, non-financial performance, and leadership style on managerial megou pak tulang bawang university performance. This research was conducted at megou pak tulang bawang university in menggala Lampung with its unit of analysis Good-accredited study program which has 12 study programs, consisting of samples obtained from as many as 121 Lecturer. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data analysis method used is a quantitative method that the multiple regression analysis tested with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) V24. This study's results indicate that incentives consisting of bonuses, rewards, and professional and honor allowances have a significant positive effect on managerial performance. The non-financial performance, which consists of the work and environmental dimensions, has a significant positive effect on managerial performance. Leadership styles which consist of participative style, authoritarian style, and task-oriented style significantly negatively affect managerial performance. The implication of this research is to provide additional indicators such as the professional allowances & honor in incentive variable indicators not only limited to bonuses and rewards.

Parenting Styles of Teen Mothers in a Selected City in Mindanao, Philippines

The study explored the parenting styles of teen mothers in a particular city in Mindanao, Philippines. It used a descriptive cross-sectional quantitative approach specifically a survey to gather the needed data among 377 teen mothers who were chosen based on stratified random sampling. Findings revealed that parenting styles are authoritative followed by permissive, and lastly, authoritarian. Variables involved were age, civil status, family structure, ethnicity, educational attainment, and age of menarche. Moreover, using multiple regression, findings revealed that age, civil status, family structure, ethnicity, educational attainment, and age of menarche are not predictors for the parenting styles of the teen mother participants of the study.