Styles Of Mothers Research Articles

Perceived parenting styles and adolescents' problematic internet use: Examining the parent–child same‐sex matching effect

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined how perceived parenting styles (i.e., rejection, emotional warmth) are linked to adolescents' problematic internet use (PIU) through emotion regulation strategies (i.e., expressive suppression, cognitive reappraisal). The same‐sex matching effect (i.e., matching between parents and adolescents of the same sex) was explored.BackgroundPIU is a significant public health concern for adolescents. Although the theoretical connection between family factors and PIU is recognized, the specific associations of negative and positive parenting styles of both fathers and mothers with PIU in adolescent boys and girls remain unclear.MethodA national sample of 2,690 Chinese adolescents (47.5% male; mean age = 13.75 years, SD = 2.72) from 37 primary and high schools participated, completing self‐report measures.ResultsExpressive suppression mediated only the relation between maternal rejection and PIU, whereas cognitive reappraisal mediated the relations between both maternal and paternal emotional warmth and PIU. A same‐sex matching effect was observed between fathers and sons.ConclusionBoth perceived paternal and maternal parenting styles are associated with adolescents' PIU through emotion regulation strategies.ImplicationsBoth mothers and fathers are advised to minimize rejection while simultaneously improving emotional warmth. The unique influence of fathers on their sons' PIU requires further exploration. Clinicians are encouraged to prioritize interventions that enhance cognitive reappraisal and reduce expressive suppression when working with adolescents experiencing PIU.

Does parenting style work on gadget addiction? A cross-sectional study among adolescence

Background: The increasing dependence on gadget use among adolescents which has a negative impact on their growth and development, requires increased parental supervision and appropriate parenting patterns. Purpose: This study aims to identify the relationship between smartphones addiction and the characteristics of young people, as well as the parenting styles of both fathers and mothers in Samarinda. Method: The study employs an analytical survey that measures the level of gadget addiction in teenagers and the influencing factors, including demographics, parenting styles, and gadget usage factors such as perception of addiction, usage purpose, and peer influence. The sample criteria include teenagers who own their gadgets, aged 13-19, actively use them for communication and internet access. Resulting in a sample size of 79 adolescents by purposive sampling technique, and using a self-administered questionnaire. Bivariate analysis is used to test the relationship between variables (correlation tests). Result: The correlation table shows that smartphone addiction is strongly correlated with daily life disturbance (r = 0.565, p < 0.01), positive anticipation (r = 0.760, p < 0.01), withdrawal (r = 0.829, p < 0.01), cyberspace relationship (r = 0.727, p < 0.01), overuse (r = 0.742, p < 0.01), and tolerance (r = 0.490, p < 0.01). Among parenting styles, only permissive father (r = 0.282, p < 0.05) and permissive mother (r = 0.298, p < 0.01) show significant positive correlations with smartphone addiction. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant relationship between parenting styles, particularly permissive in overall smartphone addiction and democratic styles in aspect of tolerance. It suggests that interventions targeting parenting practices. The clearer, more specific, and targeted restrictions on gadget use are needed, particularly for parents who adopt a permissive parenting style.

Parents' rearing styles and adolescents' math achievement: the multiple mediating effect of self-control and math anxiety.

This cross-sectional study examined the mechanisms underlying adolescent math achievement by investigating the relationship between parents' rearing styles (including different dimensions of rearing style) and adolescent self-control, math anxiety, and math achievement based on the ecological systems theory. A total of 584 junior high school students (M age = 12.52) completed the Parenting Style Questionnaire, Self-control Scale, and Math Anxiety Rating Scale and provided their math test scores. The rearing styles of both fathers and mothers directly predicted adolescents' math achievement. Maternal rearing style indirectly predicted adolescents' math achievement through their self-control and math anxiety; however, the indirect effect of paternal rearing style on adolescents' math achievement was not significant. After distinguishing the three dimensions of rearing styles, we found that paternal emotional warmth can increase adolescents' self-control, while maternal emotional warmth can reduce adolescents' self-control. Further, paternal overprotectiveness can directly and positively predict adolescents' math achievement, while maternal rejection and overprotectiveness can positively predict adolescents' math achievement. None of the three dimensions of rearing styles can predict math achievement through adolescents' self-control; however, they can predict math achievement indirectly through adolescents' math anxiety and the chain-mediation of adolescents' self-control and math anxiety. Our results suggest both commonalities and differences in how paternal and maternal rearing styles, along with their three dimensions (emotional warmth, rejection, overprotection), predict adolescent math achievement. These findings highlight the importance of paternal and maternal rearing styles on adolescents' math achievement and underscore the need to examine them separately to better understand their impact.

The Effect of Mothers’ Attachment Styles on Separation Anxiety in Children with Autism

This research was designed to determine the effect of the attachment styles of mothers on separation anxiety in children with autism. One hundred forty mothers of children with autism contacted using the convenience sampling method were included in this descriptive and correlational research. The data were collected using a questionnaire containing a sociodemographic form, the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory (ECRI) and the Separation Anxiety Assessment Scale-Parents’ Version (SAASP). An anxious attachment style among mothers of children with autism was found to exacerbate separation anxiety in those children.

An Analysis of Parenting Style which are Reflected in Movie “Run” by Aneesh Chaganty

The aim of this study is to understand deeper about how psychology affects directly to parenting styles especially in a mother figure, thus eventually affect children's behaviors in their social stand towards themselves and people around them, as well as the kind of manners and actions they take when they are faced with problems. The researcher used qualitative method to collect data based on the research problem. Journals, websites, previous researches and other articles were used as data sources to analyze this film. In conclusion, Diane teaches us that loving means trusting and supporting each other with care, giving without expecting something in return, and that loving to family is always on greatest importance. She states how she always believes in Chloe’s capabilities regardless how fragile Chloe seems to be with her countless diseases. She proves how care she does and how supportive she is to her daughter. But in the end of the day, all those sacrifices and considerably amount of love and care she gives to Chloe, her impulsive lies ruin everything she built for 17 years and gone in an instant. Ultimately, giving the loved ones freedom for their life choice and keeping honesty lives in between are the best thing someone could do to support them. The purpose of this study is to focus on the parenting styles of single mothers towards her daughter with disabilities. The researcher applies the theory from Diana Baumrind (1971) about parenting styles.

Effects of different parenting styles on the physical health of Chinese university students.

Annual declines in university students' physical health have an impact on social stability and the nation's long-term growth. Parenting style, which is crucial to a child's growth and development, may have a big influence on physical health. This study delves into the effects of different parenting styles on the physical fitness of Chinese college students under gender differences. Through random allocation and stratified sampling methods, this study comprehensively investigated 3,151 undergraduate students (male = 1,365; female = 1786) with an average age of 18.44 years (SD = 1.46), from a university in Jiangsu Province, China. Parenting styles of college students were evaluated by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). Physical fitness tests were based on the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standards including body mass index, lung capacity, standing-long-jump, bent-leg-sit-up, seated forward bend, pull-ups, 50 m sprint, and 800/1,000 m run. Further investigations focused on the relationship between parenting styles and physical health by statistical analysis methods such as Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. Significant differences were identified in gender, family members, and academic majors in most of the correlation indicators between different parenting styles and physical health among college students. Further analysis showed that the parenting styles of democratic and authoritative mothers and democratic fathers were more conducive to the promotion of physical health among female university students. The combination of a democratic fathering style and a permissive mothering style is considered an ideal parenting model for male students. This study confirmed that different parenting styles have a significant impact on the physical health of college students. Positive parenting styles may improve physical health, while negative ones are likely to have adverse effects, especially among female students. It is also important to notice differentiated parenting styles with respect to male and female university students. Therefore, more attention should be raised on parenting styles to enhance physical health of the student population.

Problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response theory: State of mind and coping styles of depressed mothers after cesarean delivery

BACKGROUND The use of a problem-solving model guided by stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory for women with postpartum depression after cesarean delivery may inform nursing interventions for women with postpartum depression. AIM To explore the state of mind and coping style of women with depression after cesarean delivery guided by SOR theory. METHODS Eighty postpartum depressed women with cesarean delivery admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and October 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 40 cases each, according to the random number table method. In the control group, the observation group adopted the problem-solving nursing model under SOR theory. The two groups were consecutively intervened for 12 weeks, and the state of mind, coping styles, and degree of post-partum depression were analyzed at the end of the intervention. RESULTS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24-item scores of the observation group were lower than in the control group after care, and the level of improvement in the state of mind was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The level of coping with illness in the observation group after care (26.48 ± 3.35) was higher than that in the control group (21.73 ± 3.20), and the level of avoidance (12.04 ± 2.68) and submission (8.14 ± 1.15) was lower than that in the control group (15.75 ± 2.69 and 9.95 ± 1.20), with significant differences (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Adopting the problem-solving nursing model using SOR theory for postpartum depressed mothers after cesarean delivery reduced maternal depression, improved their state of mind, and coping level with illness.

Interpersonal Communication Competence: The Role of Sex, Parenting Styles, and Attachment Styles

An individual’s capability and capacity for interpersonal communication is heavily dependent on environmental, personal, and social factors. This study explores the effects of sex, parenting styles experienced, and attachment styles on the interpersonal communication competence of adolescents. A sample of 240 senior high school students from De La Salle University Integrated School Manila was selected through convenience sampling. Results reveal that adolescent senior high school students are above average in overall interpersonal communication competence. They are excellent in the emotional support dimension of ICC and above average in the initiation, negative assertion, disclosure, and conflict management dimensions. Sex, parenting styles of mothers and fathers, and attachment style have no significant effect on the initiation and negative assertion dimensions of ICC. However, sex has significant effects on the emotional support and conflict management dimensions of ICC. Data show that females are significantly better at emotional support and conflict management regardless of attachment style, except for adolescents with an anxious attachment style, where males are better than females at emotional support and conflict management. On the other hand, only sex has a significant effect on the overall ICC of adolescent senior high school students.

Determinasi Perlekatan dan Posisi Ibu Menyusui dalam Memberikan ASI terhadap Keberhasilan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Oesapa

Insufficient breastfeeding can cause malnutrition babies, making them more susceptible disease. Breastfeeding baby for 6 months without additional food, drink is called exclusive breastfeeding. Improper breastfeeding position and attachment can result in low breast milk production. Apart from making the nipples feel sore and causing breast milk not to come out optimally, incorrect breastfeeding techniques can also make the baby refuse to breastfeed, which has a negative impact on breast milk production. The aim of research determine the influence of the position and attachment of breastfeeding mothers and their role on the effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding in the Oesapa Community Health Center working area. The research design is case control which is used together with observational analysis as research methodology. Complete sampling and significance threshold of α=0.05, 27 case samples and 27 control samples. This study, data were analyzed using methods, univariate, bivariate (chi square statistical test to assess the influence position and attachment style of breastfeeding mothers on the success of exclusive breastfeeding in the Oesapa Community Health Center), multivariate (logistic regression). statistical test to identify the most dominant variable). attachment and body posture in relation to effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding. The results of the study showed that there was relationship between attachment (p-value= 0.000, OR=9.534), position (p-value 0.000, OR=12.025) and the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Recommended that health workers facilitate and motivate the implementation of breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding, to their citizens, increase the role of health workers educating breastfeeding mothers to apply the correct latch and position.

The Influence of Parenting Styles of Working and Non-Working Mothers on Children’s Independence

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of parenting styles of working and non-working mothers on children's independence. This study is a quantitative study using SPPS version 27. The population consists of two categories, namely working mothers and non-working mothers in Lette Village, Marsio District, South Sulawesi. The sample in this study was 135. The analysis used was multiple linear analysis. The results showed that the parenting of working mothers had a positive and significant effect on children's independence as evidenced by the results of the T-test of 4.87> 1.97 and a p-value of 0.00 <0.05. Parenting patterns of non-working mothers do not have a positive and significant partial effect on children's independence from the results of the T-count -7.88 < 1.97 T-table and p-value 0.00 < 0.05. Parenting of working mothers and parenting of non-working mothers simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable of child independence with the results of F-count 53.84> F-table 3.07 and 0.00 <0.05. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant effect simultaneously on the parenting style of working and non-working mothers on children's independence.

PECULIARITIES OF THE RELATIONSHIPS OF FAMILY UPBRINGING STYLES AND PARENTAL ATTITUDES WITH CHILDREN’S FEAR AND ANXIETY

The article presents the results of a study comparing family upbringing strategies with parents’ attitudes towards children, comparing the parenting styles of fathers and mothers, comparing groups of children with different levels of parental control during Russia’s large-scale war in Ukraine. It is noted that during Russia’s large-scale war in Ukraine, the focus of scientific research has been somewhat shifted to vectors related to the peculiarities of experiencing traumatic events by different segments of the population. However, the focus of our research is on changes in the family system in times of adversity. The purpose of our study was to identify the peculiarities of the relationship between family upbringing styles and parental attitudes and the fears and anxiety of primary school children during the war.
 Comparison of the groups of mothers and fathers under study made it possible to see differences in family upbringing strategies. It was found that a higher level of fear and anxiety is observed in children whose parents have a high level of parental control. It has been found that an increase in the level of control and the degree of parental demands that characterize authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles contribute to the growth of child anxiety. 
 Based on the study, the following conclusions were made: the overall childhood anxiety of primary school students is inversely related to the family upbringing strategy, so the increase in the level of control and the degree of parental demands (which subjectively increase during the war), which characterize the authoritarian and authoritative styles of upbringing, contribute to the growth of childhood anxiety.
 Comparing groups of children with different levels of control revealed differences in the level of fear and anxiety. Given that the parents studied showed oppositely high rates of authoritarian, authoritative (mothers) and indifferent (fathers) parenting styles, it is argued that the difference in parenting styles is one of the leading psychological factors of anxiety in primary school children during war. 
 This was also confirmed by the results of factor analysis, which revealed one factor – control and negative attitude to the child’s failures (high demands), and another factor – cooperation and emotional acceptance as a prevention of anxiety.

Attachment Styles of Preschool Children to Their Parents: Attachment Styles of Married and Single Mothers to Their Own Parents

Attachment Styles of Preschool Children to Their Parents: Attachment Styles of Married and Single Mothers to Their Own Parents

Associations Between Adult Attachment, Maternal Emotion Socialization and Child Behavior.

Attachment theories suggest that the adult attachment styles of mothers may influence behavior problems among their children; however, empirical studies examining the direct role of maternal adult attachment styles and the mechanisms through emotion-related parenting are scarce. This study examined the influence of maternal adult attachment styles and emotion-related parenting on child internalizing and externalizing problems. The participants were 409 mothers with children aged 4-5years. A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain their adult attachment styles to their mothers, maternal emotion socialization, and their children's behavior problems. The results of structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses revealed that maternal adult attachment influenced child behavior problems directly and indirectly through maternal emotion socialization. (1) Maternal attachment anxiety directly affected child externalizing problems, and indirectly affected them via mothers' higher unsupportive emotion socialization (dismissing and dysfunction). Moreover, attachment anxiety influenced child internalizing problems directly, and indirectly via mothers' higher unsupportive emotion socialization (dysfunction). (2) Furthermore, attachment avoidance indirectly impacted child externalizing problems via mothers' lower supportive emotion socialization (coaching). These results suggested that maternal adult attachment styles and emotion-related parenting have important implications for the development of child behaviors. Future interventions should target parental factors to mitigate the risk of behavior problems among preschoolers.

어머니의 부부갈등과 양육행동 간 관련성에서 우울의 매개효과

Objectives This study examined the mediating effects of depression in the associations between marital conflict and parenting styles of mothers with young children.
 Methods Participants were 200 mothers living in Kyungki-do. Statistical methods used for this study were descriptive analysis, correlational analysis and regression analysis.
 Results The results of this study revealed that marital conflict of mothers had positive influences on depression. Rejective parenting styles of mothers were positively affected by depression and autonomy-supportive parenting styles of mothers were negatively affected by depression. The results from regression analysis indicated that depression mediated the relationship between marital conflict and parenting styles of mothers with young children.
 Conclusions This study identified the importance of marital relationships and mental health of mothers for improving parenting styles of mothers with young children.

Gaya Komunikasi Parenting Ibu Milenials

Parenting is the attitude and behavior of parents in fostering the survival of a child in growth, development, and providing overall child protection both physically, socially, and mentally, as well as spiritual personality. The millennial mother's communication style is very important to express as digital literacy and evaluation and knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine parenting communication styles for millennial mothers. The research method uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used are interviews and literature review. Meanwhile, the analysis technique used is data collection, data reduction, describing, and concluding. The results of the study revealed that the communication style of millennial mothers has several parenting communication styles. These communication styles can be described as including: The Equalitarian Style; The Relinguishing Style; and The Controlling Style.

The association between parenting style and nutritional knowledge of mother with the incidence of stunting children aged 7-24 months at the sawah lebar health center Bengkulu

Background: Stunting is based on the index of PB/U or TB/U with a threshold (z-score) ≤ -2 SD. Stunting is not only caused by one factor but is caused by many factors that are interconnected with each other. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting and maternal knowledge about nutrition with the incidence of stunting in children aged 7-24 months at the Sawah Lebar Health Center in Bengkulu in 2023. Method: The research design used in this study was Descriptive Analytic with Cross Sectional approach and ampelous wasselected by accidental sampling technique with a sample of 52 people. This study used the Chi Square test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: Based on univariate analysis, the results showed that most of the mother's parenting style was good parenting (76,9%), while mother's knowledge about nutrition was mostly good knowledge (78,8%) and children were stunted, namely (15,4%). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a association between parenting style and the incidence of stunting with p-value (0,017) and there was a association between nutritional knowledge of mother and the incidence of stunting with p-value (0,001). Conclusion: There is an association between parenting style and nutritional knowledge of mother with the incidence of stunting aged 7-24 months in Sawah Lebar Health Center in Bengkulu City in 2023 Suggestion: Suggestions for mothers are expected to pay attention to the nutritional status of children, especiallypuskesmas to provide counseling to mothers who have children and toddlers about stunting, so that further research is expected on parenting and knowledge Mothers about nutrition by considering other factors that can affect the incidence of stunting such as child intake and infectious diseases.

Approaches and styles of mothers in sex education process of children and the related factors

IntroductionSex education supports the development of suitable sexual behaviors in children. However, due to the limitations of sexual issues in Iran, parents may have different sex education styles. This study aimed to assess the styles of mothers in the sex education process of children and the related factors.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, from March to May 2021, 306 mothers with a 4–12-year-old child who were referred to the comprehensive health service centers in Rasht city were entered into the study by a convenience sampling method. The tool was a questionnaire of parents' sex education styles. Data analysis was performed with independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the multiple linear regression model using SPSS software version 16.ResultsThe majority of the mothers had a mean age of 36.2 ± 6.4 years. The score of the authoritarian sex education style was significantly higher than the other styles (P < 0.001). According to the multivariate analysis, 40.6% of the changes in the strict style (R2 = 0.406), 32.7% of the changes in the permissive style (R2 = 0.327), and 36.1% of the changes in the authoritative style (R2 = 0.361) were explained by the personal characteristics of the participants.ConclusionThe authoritative style was a dominant sex education style. Identifying the factors associated with types of child sex education styles has an important role in promoting the health of children and the community. It is recommended that nursing policymakers identify related factors of sex education styles in mothers of different cultures, and therefore, implement training programs for empowering mothers.

Mediating effects of attention problems on the link between parenting style and internet gaming disorder in adolescents.

Positive and negative parenting styles as well as psychiatric comorbidities including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been associated with internet gaming disorder (IGD) in children and adolescents. We hypothesized that ADHD and parenting style would be associated with IGD in adolescents. In addition, psychological status could mediate the link between parenting style and the severity of IGD. A total of 256 adolescents with IGD and 211 healthy internet game players and their mothers participated in the current study. Demographic data, gaming patterns, and psychological status including ADHD were recorded for all adolescents. The parenting style of each adolescent's mother was assessed using the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument (Korean version). There were significant differences in the internet game play patterns, psychological status, and parenting styles between the IGD group and healthy internet game players. In the hierarchical logistic regression analysis, higher ADHD scores, less affective parenting styles, and less autonomous parenting styles, were significant predictors of IGD. In the mediation test, the ADHD score was found to mediate the association between affective and autonomous parenting styles and the severity of IGD. Attention problems could directly and indirectly mediate the relationship between positive parenting styles and the severity of IGD. Our findings have the potential to aid in the development of treatment plans for IGD and ADHD as well as to contribute to the development of educational resources regarding parenting styles.

Can a Mother's Parenting Style Predict Adolescent Oral Hygiene Behavior? A Self-Reported Cross-Sectional Study.

Adolescent oral hygiene behavior plays a crucial role into adulthood and still requires attention from parents, especially mothers. Parenting done by the mother will directly affect the child's life, including the child's oral hygiene behavior. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the mother's parenting style in predicting adolescent oral hygiene behavior. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was used to examine the role of parenting style on their teenage child's oral hygiene behavior. The instruments used were (1) a parenting style measuring instrument to measure supportive and nonsupportive parenting styles of mothers (parent as social context questionnaire) and (2) a self-structured oral hygiene behavior measuring instrument based on the theory of planned behavior. The population of this study were students at SMP PGRI Depok and SMP Negeri 11 Depok, West Java, aged between 12 and 14 years. The sampling technique used total sampling on SMP PGRI students and multistage random sampling on students at SMP Negeri 11 Depok with a total sample of 230 students. Data analysis was done using multiple linear regression test. Statistical regression tests showed that nonsupportive parenting style did not predict adolescent oral hygiene behavior (p = 0.567), while supportive parenting style did predict adolescent oral hygiene behavior (p = 0.000). Supportive parenting style predicts 31.2% of adolescent oral hygiene behavior. Mother's supportive parenting style plays a role in predicting adolescent oral hygiene, and the mother's nonsupportive parenting style does not play a role in predicting adolescent oral hygiene behavior.

The Effect of Islamic Maternal Parenting Style on Adolescent Aggressiveness by Modulating Peer Social Interaction

The verbal and non-verbal aggressiveness of adolescents has been increasing. It is a form of aggression that involves hostile and coercive actions towards others that may result in emotional or physical harm. This study aims to examine the Islamic parenting style of mothers, the primary caregivers in Javanese culture in Indonesia, as well as the social interactions with peers in relation to aggressive behavior. The participants of this study were 410 high school students aged between 15 and 19 years old (M = 16.52, SD = 0.793), consisting of 210 male students and 200 female students. Participants were selected from eight schools in Sleman City (4 senior high schools and four vocational high schools). The data was collected using the aggression scale, maternal parenting style, and social interactions with peers. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with Smart-PLS 4. The study results show a good fit model, indicating that aggression is influenced by Islamic maternal parenting style with social interactions with peers as a mediator. Social interactions have a mediating effect on the relationship between Islamic maternal parenting style and adolescent aggression. Another finding reveals that each Islamic maternal parenting style negatively affects aggression. Adolescent aggression can be controlled through Islamic maternal parenting style (i.e., authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive) and peer social interaction as a mediator.