Styles Of Collaboration Research Articles

Burnout and Its Influencing Factors among Hospital Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objectives: This study identified the associated factors with burnout among hospital nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional correlational study, 208 nurses working at two university hospitals completed questionnaires on burnout, conflict management style with physician, resilience and organizational commitment. A transformed standardized burnout score of ≥56 was defined to be high. Data were analyzed with χ²-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation analysis and logistic regression.Results: Fifty-nine nurses (28.4%) had a significantly high burnout. The mean T scores of burnout were 61.84±3.89 and 45.31±7.48 in the high and low burnout group. The mean scores of resilience were 3.26±0.35 and 3.70±0.37 in the high and low group (<i>p</i><0.001). The mean scores of organizational commitment were 2.51±0.48 and 3.30±0.51 in the high and low group (<i>p</i><0.001). Nurses with high burnout managed conflict with physicians using the styles of collaboration (20.9%), competition (36.2%), avoidance (30.8%), accommodation (33.3%), and compromise (20.9%). Higher burnout was correlated with lower resilience (r=-0.62, <i>p</i><0.001) and lower organizational commitment (r=-0.58, <i>p</i><0.001). Lower burnout was associated with higher accommodation conflict management (B=-1.14, OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.11-8.85), higher dispositional and higher philosophical resilience (B=-1.31, OR: 3.72, 95% CI: 1.44-9.62; B=-2.29, OR: 9.90, 95% CI: 3.80-25.64). Lower burnout was associated with higher continuance of organizational commitment (B=-1.23, OR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.80-6.49).Conclusions: Supportive strategies to enhance resilience, organizational commitment, and proper conflict management could be suggested for ameliorating burnout among hospital nurses.

PRAKTIK MANAJEMEN KONFLIK KEPALA MADRASAH

This study aims to describe in a systematic, actual, and accurate manner regrading the conflict management practices of the Madrasah Principal at MTs Bumi Sholawat Central Lampung. The source of the data in this study came from the stakeholders of MTs Bumi Sholawat Central Lampung which are the parties involved in it. Researchers used data collection technique through observation and interviews, then analyzed the data that had been collected from the beginning of the study to the end of the study with data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This research was conducted periodically from January 11, 2022 to March 02, 2022. This research was conducted to obtain valid data on conflict management practices for Madrasah Prinsipals at MTs Bumi Sholawat, Central Lampung. The result of this study indicate that the practice of conflict management has been implemented by the Head of Madrasah at MTs Bumi Sholawat Central Lampung. The conflict management practice carried out by the Madrasah Principal of MTs Bumi Sholawat Central Lampung refers to the theory of conflict management styles, namely by practicing the styles of competition, collaboration, compromise, avoidance, and accommodation.

Indigenous-led environmental research in Aotearoa New Zealand: beyond a transdisciplinary model for best practice, empowerment and action

Complex multidimensional challenges have prompted a transformational shift towards holistic research integration with knowledge systems differing from conventional science. Embracing diverse ontological and epistemological approaches through new styles of collaboration, dialogue and practice enables durable solutions and desired outcomes. As societal and global issues become more urgent, complex and challenging, recognition of the intersection of the environment with economic, social, cultural and political dynamics means transdisciplinary approaches are advancing. Integrative, collaborative methodologies are central to indigenous-led research, providing insights for Western science. We describe characteristics of transdisciplinary research from the international literature and explore related kaupapa Māori (Māori theory and practice) approaches. Location-specific, indigenous-led environmental case studies from Aotearoa New Zealand show how they are transcendent of the transdisciplinary approaches they encompass. We demonstrate research beyond transdisciplinarity, modelling engagement, power sharing and collective action through integrative, collaborative endeavours across knowledge systems and praxis, stretching the development of transdisciplinary research everywhere.

The facilitators of interagency working in the context of European public service reform

ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of key lessons about the governance and leadership of interagency working in multi-level contexts. The article is based on interviews with local and national leaders across Europe. This topic is timely given the complexity of European public sector governance which demands leadership, co-production, and styles of collaboration which promote partnership-working within local contexts. We highlight that localism is central but this still requires national political leadership for localism to be managed and delivered effectively. In other words, empowerment-heavy models of governance, without top-down support, risks interagency ineffectiveness or even failure. We argue that leadership at macro, meso and micro levels of the governance system is required in order for successful interagency working to be delivered. We find that removing the barriers to interagency working requires the identification of an interagency leader (and to even enshrine this within statute), clear roles and lines of accountability for professionals, a breakdown of disciplinary silos, non-tokenistic bottom-up approaches, national public service leadership which promotes capacity building, and the dovetailing of planning and evaluation. The article concludes by proposing strategies for developing effective multi-level interagency working.

The Role of Pedagogy of Cooperation in The Development of Student Personality

The article discusses the development of the personality of a future teacher based on the approaches of pedagogy of cooperation, summarizes the innovative experience of conducting classes in the discipline “Pedagogy of cooperation” with innovative teaching methods, analyzes the scientific foundations of the theory and practice of applying the approaches of pedagogy of cooperation. The foundations were humanistic theories of education, the concept of the development of a child’s personality, the theory of the development of student creativity, the theory of self-awareness and self-development of a person. One of the main principles of pedagogy of cooperation is to take into account the individual characteristics of students, their identification and development in the pedagogical process. In the theoretical bases of the subject the approaches of pedagogical innovators of the last century were summarized. The aricle argues the effectiveness of this technology for the modern education. The experience and teaching methodology of the “Pedagogy of Cooperation” course at the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University is summarized.  For example class sessions were analized. The survey involved 47 students of the specialties “Pedagogy and Psychology”, “Social Pedagogy and Self-Cognition”. A content analysis of their answers was carried out. The answers were divided into three groups of styles of collaboration between educators and students.  Indirectly, students’ answers show the “readiness / unavailability” of future teachers to switch to a criteria-based assessment system at school. In general, students choose a “style of cooperation with students” and talk about the need for “respecting the boundaries of the individual”, “conscious development of an understanding of the boundaries of the individual”. Key words: friendly pedagogy, teaching principles, student, personality, result, mutual understanding, learning together, group work.

Identifying the collaboration styles of research students

ABSTRACTToday engaging in collaboration is an important factor affecting the success of research students. Having insight into the social dynamics of collaboration can enhance their decision making when engaging with researchers, projects and institutions. This poster reports on the results of a study that investigated collaboration by research students at the University of Tasmania using co‐authorship information on research publications. The study applied a visual analytic method for exploring and interpreting the social dynamics of collaboration. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, providing insight into the roles of co‐authors and revealing the presence of functional research teams with different styles of collaboration.

Steady beats Big: Incentivizing Internal Corporate Venture Contributions to Parent Organizations

This research investigates the effects of financial and non-financial incentives offered to the managers of internal corporate ventures for contributing to overall parent company sales. Using agency theory in corporate venturing as a theoretical lens, we follow scholarship which suggests that companies actively manage entrepreneurial and risk-taking behavior through incentives and ownership shares. Our theorizing and an econometric tobit model on 244 hand- collected Spanish ICVs clarifies the relationship between financial and non- financial incentives as eliciting different types of motivation, different styles of collaboration, and overall different outcome realization mechanisms in ICVs.

\u201cA good collaboration is based on unique contributions from each side\u201d: assessing the dynamics of collaboration in stem cell science

The rise of ‘big biology’ is bringing academic and industrial scientists together in large consortia to address translational challenges in the life sciences. In order to assess the impact of this change, this paper examines the existing norms and styles of collaboration in one high profile translational domain; stem cell research. Data is drawn from qualitative interviews with academic and industry scientists working in a large European stem cell research project. Respondents discussed what they perceived as the main benefits and risks of collaborative research, what styles of collaboration they were familiar with, and what collaborative work in stem cell science normally involves. A wide range of materials, data, and expertise can be exchanged during collaborative work. Informal collaborations are governed by an ethos of reciprocity and mediated by trust while formal project agreements can provide a safe space for sharing between unfamiliar partners. These characteristics make stem cell research well suited to pre-competitive public-private ventures but translation of new products to market may be more challenging.

Digital Change and Industry Responses: Exploring organizational and strategic issues in the book-publishing industry

This paper is based on primary research conducted with 22 senior publishing industry managers in the UK as a preliminary survey for a PhD. It seeks to establish a base on which to develop further research around the changes taking place in the organizational and collaborative behaviour of an industry facing digital challenges. The survey asked the 22 managing directors and operations and digital directors how they view current conditions in the industry in light of digital change. It allows subjects to speak for themselves in order to learn (a) how far-reaching they feel change is, (b) where that change is having most effect in their day-to-day business, (c) whether they themselves are making organizational changes, and (d) how far collaboration forms part of this change. The collaboration aspect of the survey unpicks in more detail how far collaborations are (a) increasing in frequency, (b) are changing in vision (i.e. more exploratory or not), and (c) involve different organizational behaviour. The research reveals many areas of clear consensus around key issues of technical competence, new patterns in consumption, entrepreneurship, and silo structures. There is an understanding that the ability to respond quickly and to innovate continuously is essential. On collaborations, most people concurred that they were entering more partnerships than in the past and that these were often more experimental in approach and involved sharing risk; ultimately, this points to a clearer strategy emerging in companies to develop structures, skills, and techniques to facilitate new styles of collaboration, which in turn may lead to new ways of innovating in a flexible, failure-tolerant way.

Status of the adoption of social media in the scientific research community

This paper takes a broad view of the current status of the use and role of Social Networking by scientists and researchers. Facets of the study include the styles of scientific collaboration and how they differ from current social media capabilities, a look at the present scientific collaboration sites, what the trends are in the marketplace, and how this paradigm has the potential to change the landscape of the traditional refereed journals. These studies are based on a combination of research, technology reviews and statistical analysis of research collaboration using the U.S. Department of Energy-funded published research results.

Voices of care for adults with disabilities and/or mental health issues in Western Canada: what do families and agencies need from each other?

Our purpose in this paper is to report on the frustrations and unmet needs of paid, formal caregivers and unpaid, family caregivers who together provide care to adults with disabilities and/or mental health issues. We conducted eight focus group interviews between November 2010 and June 2011 in two large, urban centres and one smaller centre in Western Canada. Four of our focus groups were with family members including adults with disabilities and/or mental health issues, their parents and their siblings, and four were with representatives from agencies providing support and services to adults with disabilities and/or mental health issues and their families. Data were collected from 23 family members and 24 agency representatives who responded to questions about successes and struggles in meeting, and collaborating to meet, care needs of adults with disabilities and/or mental health issues. Each focus group session was digitally recorded and transcribed; field notes were also taken and we thematically analysed data according to family versus agency perspectives of their successes and barriers in care provision and care collaboration. We found that family members desire greater and more effective support in enriching the lives of adults with disabilities and/or mental health issues and in preparing for age-related changes. Agency representatives are keenly aware of the needs and challenges faced by families, yet grapple with being effective collaborators with families of widely varying priorities and styles of care and collaboration.

Subcultural Differences in Taiwanese and Burmese Chinese Business Negotiation Styles

The subcultural differences in business negotiation styles between Taiwanese businesspeople and a small group of Burmese Chinese who have businesses in Taiwan were analyzed. Negotiating styles of collaboration, compromise, accommodation, competition, and withdrawal were examined, focusing on influential factors such as subculture and relationship and task-oriented conflicts. Results showed that the main difference between the 2 groups was that whereas Burmese Chinese tend to shun conflict and may even submit to their opponent to prevent a conflict from escalating, Taiwanese are less likely to employ an accommodation strategy. The conclusion was reached that in a task-oriented or relationship conflict, in a business situation Taiwanese and Burmese Chinese people differ significantly in their use of collaboration, accommodation, and withdrawal as negotiation styles.

A Comparison of Taiwanese and Philippine Chinese Business Negotiation Styles

The business negotiation styles of Taiwanese and Philippine Chinese were examined by means of 460 survey questionnaires. The design was based on the dual concern model developed by Pearson (1999) from the theory proposed by Blake and Mouton (1985) and explored the tendencies of negotiations and 5 negotiation category styles of accommodation, collaboration, avoidance, competition, and consultation. Results indicated that although both Taiwanese and Philippine Chinese belong to the Chinese culture, there are cultural differences. Philippine Chinese were more inclined to use the negotiation styles of accommodation and withdrawal, whereas Taiwanese used competition more, indicating that the Taiwanese tended to be more aggressive.

Styles of Collaboration in Qualitative Inquiry

Styles of Collaboration in Qualitative Inquiry

An Anthropological Perspective by a Sociologist Linking Research and Development Centers and Firms

In recent years, understanding national styles of collaboration between universities and business is important in a context of growing globalization. Here access to knowledge has become a key element in economic development. Moreover, this supposes that the new technological advantages of each country or region will largely take place as a result of the way the infrastructure of scientific research and industrial capacity is arranged. Differences are due to the way interaction mechanisms have been constructed between the various actors and the value systems on which they are based. They are also caused by the institutional arrangements formalized by each country for the integration of its innovation system, and those arrangements have unique national histories. (Etzinga, Aant and A. Jamison Changing Policy Agendas in Science and Technology, in Jasanoff, Sheila, G.E. Markle, J. Petersen, T. Pinch (Eds.) Handbook of Science and Technologies Studies, London: Sage Publications. 1994.)

Does the hazard change with new legislation? ?The New Zealand experience

2 1. In this the fourth year of the Decade, New Zealand has put in place a number of legislative vehicles to achieve the immediate IDNDR targets, and to work towards the long-term goals of the Caring for the Earth strategy and Agenda 21. 2. New Zealand has a system of “nested” plans at all levels of government, dealing with anticipatory measures and provisions guiding communities in their preparation and response to natural disasters. 3. Individual and community responsibility for developing strategies are encouraged by school education programmes, active civil defence volunteers at a local level, regional planning for facilitating and coordinating response, and national coordination in the event of major disasters. In addition, any emergency actions carried out in the event of a natural disaster must be remedied. 4. There is close collaboration between all levels of planning. However, as the Acts are implemented, there will be different styles of collaboration not yet apparent. 5. Protection of natural habitats is mainly provided for in the policy statements and plans at the regional and local levels of planning under the Resource Management Act. Civil Defence Plans would be developed taking this into account. 6. Improved understanding of natural processes requires an ongoing process of public education and explanation of issues, objectives and policies about natural hazards. 7. The Resource Management Act provides mainly for the avoidance of natural hazards in planning for use of natural and physical resources. It is based on river catchments, an important IUCN requirement for sub-national planning. The Civil Defence Act reinforces the need for individuals to develop a sense of personal responsibility for avoiding and mitigating the effects of natural hazards. Over the Decade, there should gradually be less government regulation of land uses and activities and less government funding in the event of individual disasters. 8. There are concerns that as government funding of programmes diminishes, there will not be a corresponding increase in private investment in insurance, research and collaboration. In the event of natural disaster occuring before alternative systems are developed, individuals and communities may suffer hardship.

Collaboration in the small vs. collaboration in the large

For the past several years, the Collaborative Software Development Laboratory (CSDL) at the University of Hawaii has been pursuing research along two general fronts: the development of computer systems to support group activities (collaborative software), as well as research on the process of developing software in a group setting (collaborative development). Our research projects include:• Egret, a client-server system for implementing domain-specific, collaborative, hypertext systems [1, 6, 7, 9];• CSRS, an Egret-based system for software review and quality improvement [2, 10, 11, 12, 8, 6, 7, 9];• AEN, an Egret-based system for collaborative authoring and learning [3];• CLARE, an Egret-based system collaborative learning and review [4, 13, 14, 15].• ICS-WWW, a WWW-based system for exploring community building through electronic means [5].From these experiences, we have be gun to recognize two fundamentally different styles of collaboration and collaborative system, which we term collaboration-in-t he-large and collaboration-in-the-small. Collaboration in the large, embodied by such systems as WWW, scales to thousands or millions of individuals. Such domain-independent scale requires a kind of collaborative "open world assumption": users do not know the answers to such elementary questions as: Who are the other users? What is the set of artifacts in the system? What has changed sinceyesterday? What is interesting to me? Is the information repository structurally consistent? What is user X doing right now?In contrast, the systems b uilt by our lab exploit the possibiliti es of domain-specific, collaboration-in-the- small where a "closed world assumption" holds. In our systems, in contrast to WWW, all of the preceeding questions have answers, at least relative to the domain of discourse embodied in the system. The cost of collaboration in the small is its lack of scalability both technically and socially: it is unlikely that groups of more than 50 or 100 could work together effectively in our systems, or that our system could provide adequate responsiveness to larger groups.

Primary care and psychiatry

Primary care has become the hope of this decade for more effective and less expensive personal health care. The primary care physician may be a general internist, general pediatrician or family practitioner but the concept often focuses on the new specialty of family practice. There has been an impressive increase in the number of young physicians entering this field. A large proportion (20–40%) of patients of the primary care physician have diagnosable psychiatric illness. Recent surveys found that 58% of all visits for mental disorder were made to primary care physicians instead of psychiatrists. Family practitioners do not refer most of these patients to psychiatrists because of dissatisfaction with the lack of collaboration, slow responsiveness in terms of seeing the patients, failure to receive reports and lack of demonstrated effectiveness of psychiatric treatment. Often the family practitioner will treat psychiatric problems himself or will refer to a non-psychiatric mental health practitioner (psychologist or social worker). This paper reviews the interaction of psychiatrists with primary care physicians. It suggests a curriculum for post-graduate and continued medical education about psychiatric illness and discusses styles of more effective collaboration between primary care doctors the psychiatrists. It describes the present and potential difficulties caused by the diversion of hopes for behavioral medicine to become a discipline wherein physicians treat those behavioral disorders which influence physical health. Instead the behavioral scientist may see this new field as a pathway into the hospital from which to seek active medical staff membership and independent admission and treatment privileges. Hopefully, these “turf” and economic issues will get worked out as psychiatrists reaffirm their medical identities, participate with other physicians in hospital staff activities and alter their practice styles so as to contribute to the overall health care of our total society. To do otherwise would deprive patients of needed psychiatric skills.