Style Preferences Research Articles

Equivalent Improvements in Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality Regardless of Program Delivery Modality: The SLeep Education for Everyone Program (SLEEP)

Sleep issues are pervasive, and treatment can be difficult to access, if available at all. The purpose of this study was to test whether the delivery modality (online vs. in person) of the SLeep Education for Everyone Program (SLEEP) influenced programmatic outcomes. A total of 60 participants completed the study, 28 in the online group and 32 in the in-person group. Across all participants, SLEEP improved sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep hygiene behaviors (p < 0.001 for all). When comparing delivery modality, sleep duration and quality improved similarly between groups; however, sleep hygiene behaviors improved more in the in-person group (p = 0.033). Sleep hygiene scores did not correlate with sleep duration or quality after the program. Based on these findings, SLEEP appears to be equally effective in improving sleep duration and quality when delivered online or in person. These findings suggest that SLEEP can be delivered based on the organization's and participant's resources, needs, and preferred style of interaction.

Robot reads ads: likability of calm and energetic audio advertising styles transferred to synthesized voices

The increasing prevalence of audio advertising has provided a challenge to find out more about voices and performance styles used in advertisements. In this study, we were interested in the listeners' preferences when a synthesizer performs the advertisements. As training an advertisement style synthesizer requires big corpora, the creation of which is time-consuming and expensive, we have chosen to use less resource-intensive style transfer on already extant synthesized voices trained on neutral speech. We used a corpus of advertisements created out of 120 male and 120 female voices reading one text in both an energetic and calm advertisement style, the styles most commonly provided by advertising agencies, to train four style transfer models: energetic and calm for both male and female voices. These were used to convert two synthesized female and two male voices that had been created using a Merlin-based speech synthesizer for Estonian. Each converted voice performed three short advertisements. Adult listeners rated the likability of the performances on a 7-point Likert scale. The results showed that the calm performance style was overwhelmingly preferred. We also ascertained the acoustic features of the calm and energetic performances using the open-source toolkit openSMILE to calculate the 88 parameters of the extended Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set. The calm style differed from the energetic in acoustic features that are related to a lower, quieter, and more sonorous voice and a more neutral speaking style. Considering the difference in style ratings, it is worth taking the target audiences' style preferences into account.

THE INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP AND PUBLIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATIONS IN THE NORTHEASTERN REGION OF THAILAND

Organizational performance is an expected public outcome, particularly in the challenging context of Thailand’s public transformation into the twenty-first century. Entrepreneurial leadership is critical in developing public entrepreneurship and, ultimately organizational performance. This research study aims to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial leadership on public entrepreneurship and organizational performance as well as the influence of public entrepreneurship on organizational performance of local administrative organizations in the northeastern region of Thailand. A cross-sectional questionnaire study is used in this study. Data were collected from 400 people through five-point Likert scale questionnaires with validity and reliability analyses. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data in preparation for ordinary least square regression analysis. According to the findings of the study, entrepreneurial leadership has a significant direct influence on public entrepreneurship with a standardized coefficient of 0.852. Public entrepreneurship has a significant direct influence on organizational performance with a standardized coefficient of 0.775. Entrepreneurial leadership has a significant direct influence on organizational performance with a standardized coefficient of 0.735 at a 0.05 significance level. In order to accomplish the desired public results for local administrative organizations, local administrative organizations should encourage leadership styles of entrepreneurial orientation to turn Thailand’s public sector into a competitive public entrepreneurial sector.

The Relationship Among Students' Learning Styles, Health Sciences Colleges, and Grade Point Average (GPA).

Learning styles are an increasingly important area in education, affecting different aspects of the learning arena. They can predict how students might process information and solve learning problems differently even when engaged in the same learning activities. This study aimed to investigated the relationship among health sciences students' learning styles, college majors, and grade point averages (GPAs). A total of 247 male students belonging to King Saud bin Abdulaziz University at Riyadh were chosen intentionally for this study, which employed a quantitative procedure for collecting and analysing data. The study used a survey research design, and data were obtained from the Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ), which the students had to answer online. The collected data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 16). Descriptive analysis methods - such as means, standard deviations, frequency counts, and correlations - were employed. The results indicated that the students demonstrated a range of learning style preferences. The most frequently preferred style was the auditory learning style, followed by the kinaesthetic and individual learning styles. The least preferred style was group learning. The results also showed significant differences in the students' learning styles across colleges - with preferences towards the auditory, individual, and group learning styles - and insignificant differences for the visual preference, kinaesthetic, and tactile preference learning styles. Finally, the relationship between learning style and GPA was only positive with the individual learning style and negative with the group learning style. These findings support the notion that the total learning environment affects students' learning styles and suggest several courses of action for students, teachers, and policymakers.

Research of the preferred style of coping stress in relation to locus of control among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionThe locus of control is associated with a variety of psychological concepts, theories and researches, including learned helplessness, which is explained in way that person has learned to act helpless even when they actually have control over their situation or the ability to change a circumstance or outcome. In this scientific work, the aim is to examine the corelation between the locus of control and stress coping strategies in a group of health care workers. A sample is 110 respondents, of different age, gender, ages and educational degrees.ObjectivesIn this research, the aim is to examine the connection between locus of control and coping strategies among healthcare workers during the Covid-19 epidemic. The research results showed that there are no statistically significant differences in the relationship between stress coping strategies and locus of control in relation to men and women and age. Also, there is a statistically significant difference in the stress coping strategy focused on avoidance in relation to the locus of control, i.e. it turned out that the coping strategy focused on avoidance is more pronounced in respondents with an internal locus of control than in those with an external locus of control.MethodsThe research was conducted at the Clinical Center of Montenegro, in Podgorica, in March 2022, through an online program, due to the epidemiological situation. The sample consists of 110 respondents, of both sexes and aged from 20 to 65 years old, who were chosen by the method of random selection. The CISS and RI-E scales were used.ResultsThe research showed that there is a connection between the locus of control and strategies for overcoming stress, but that there are no statistically significant differences in the connection between strategies for overcoming stress and locus of control in relation to men and women and their age, as well as that there is a statistically significant difference in the strategy coping with stress focused on avoidance in relation to locus of control, i.e. it was shown that the coping strategy focused on avoidance is more pronounced in respondents with an internal locus of control than in those with an external locus of control.Image:Image 2:Image 3:ConclusionsThis research actually confirmed the importance of individuality and various factors that can affect a person, and because of this, it was very likely that not all hypotheses could be answered in the way the author expected before the research began. With this, it can be assumed that the personality of a person can hardly be related to broad styles of coping with stress, and that generalizations regarding gender, age, education and work experience cannot be made, because there are predominantly individual differences in the development of an individual.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

EFL Teachers’ Preference Teaching Styles: An Interpretative Study

Teaching style refers to teacher-student interaction, teachers' quality and behavior, classroom management, teaching media, planning subject matter, and teacher's action that affect the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process. Since there is still little research discussing EFL teaching styles in higher education, this study aims to find the EFL teachers' preferred teaching styles in one of Indonesia's universities. This study implemented a basic interpretative study with four EFL teachers as participants who have different teaching experiences. The study results showed that the participants act six out of ten teaching styles provided in the research instrument. Then, the participants prefer the facilitator style in their daily teaching activities. In brief, the participants did some teaching styles, but most of the time, the facilitator style was their typical teaching style.

APPLICATION OF NEO ART DECO AND ORIENTAL STYLES IN APARTMENT

Jakarta is one of the big cities in Indonesia which is known as a metropolitan city. The lifestyle of the people of Jakarta at this time is one of the things that is a concern for various service and facility providers. They try to provide housing to accommodate the community's need for a luxurious and modern place to live. On this occasion, we will discuss the interior design of the Residence 8. This apartment is designed in a neo art deco style with an oriental touch that makes this apartment look luxurious and modern. The design methodology used to design the Residence 8 apartment applies the Rosemary Kilmer design method in the book "Designing Interiors 2nd Edition, 2014" and data collection is carried out directly or indirectly. Primary data was obtained through a field survey to determine the existing conditions. Secondary data was obtained through various sources, both books, magazines, and journals as complementary data. The design of this Residence 8 Apartment produces a neo art deco style concept with an oriental touch. This article is intended for students who are designing interiors, who are doing internships, especially those who are getting apartment projects, and designers who are making apartment projects in neo art deco and oriental styles.

Biased cultural transmission of a social custom in chimpanzees.

Cultural transmission studies in animals have predominantly focused on identifying between-group variation in tool-use techniques, while immaterial cultures remain understudied despite their potential for highlighting similarities between human and animal culture. Here, using long-term data from two chimpanzee communities, we tested whether one of chimpanzees' most enigmatic social customs-the grooming handclasp-is culturally transmitted by investigating the influence of well-documented human transmission biases on their variational preferences. After identifying differences in style preferences between the communities, we show that older and dominant individuals exert more influence over their partners' handclasp styles. Mothers were equally likely to influence their offspring's preferences as nonkin, indicating that styles are transmitted both vertically and obliquely. Last, individuals gradually converged on the group style, suggesting that conformity guides chimpanzees' handclasp preferences. Our findings show that chimpanzees' social lives are influenced by cultural transmission biases that hitherto were thought to be uniquely human.

Preferred Style of Teaching and Learning by College Students in the New Normal

Styles of teaching and learning are one of the factors that contribute to student learning performance. This study aimed to determine the students’ preferred teaching and learning styles in the new normal education implemented during the pandemic. Moreover, a quantitative-descriptive design was used to attain the research objectives. A total of thirty-item questionnaires were categorized using the three learning theories: Constructivist Learning Theory, Self-Actualization Theory, and Transformative Learning Theory. A total of three-hundred forty-four (344) college students from the University of Mindanao-Digos participated in the study. Results showed that students have a high level of preference for Constructivist Learning Theory, Self-Actualization Theory, and Transformative Learning Theory in teaching and learning style in the new normal. When analyzed by department, Self-Actualization Theory and Transformative Learning Theory showed significant differences, while Constructivist Learning Theory showed no significant difference. In terms of year level, Constructivist Learning Theory and Transformative Learning Theory showed no significant difference while Self-Actualization theory showed significant difference. Thus, it is recommended that professors should utilize a constructivist, self-actualization, and transformative teaching and learning approach to college learners and implement a learning style suited to the year level and department of students

Constructing a Conspicuous Leisure Behavior Scale

The main purpose of this study was to construct a scale for measuring conspicuous leisure behavior. The proposed scale was developed in three phases. In Phase 1, in-depth interviews with 13 participants of selected activities were conducted. Initially, the study adapted 61 items to establish a formal questionnaire through a rigorous content analysis of the interview samples collected from 494 valid questionnaires. In Phase 2, the initially selected 61 items were reduced and categorized into five dimensions with 51 items through exploratory factor analysis. In Phase 3, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the reliability, validity, and model fit of the Conspicuous Leisure Behavior Scale. CFA results revealed that the second-order factors were self-consciousness, social display, style orientation, physical–mental activation, and activity specificity. Further insights into conspicuous leisure behavior and practical applications are proposed. Strategies for tourism managers and future research directions are also identified.

Nursing assistants’ knowledge, attitudes and training needs regarding urinary incontinence in nursing homes: a mixed-methods study

BackgroundUrinary incontinence is an increasingly common problem, especially among older people in nursing homes. Nursing assistants are the leading workforce in nursing homes, and their knowledge and attitudes regarding urinary incontinence have garnered considerable attention in the context of aging in China. However, most previous studies on this issue have focused on registered nurses. This study aimed to explore nursing assistants’ knowledge, attitudes and training needs with regard to urinary incontinence.MethodsWe conducted a two-part mixed-methods study. After institutional manager approval, we surveyed the knowledge and attitudes of 509 nursing assistants regarding urinary incontinence. We carried out semi-structured interviews with 40 nursing assistants to elicit detailed information on training needs.ResultsIn general, knowledge about urinary incontinence was poor (14.00 ± 4.18), although attitudes were primarily positive (35.51 ± 3.19). Most nursing assistants were very willing to learn more about urinary incontinence (93.9%, 478/509), but time constraints and low educational background may be barriers to learning motivation. The three preferred training styles among nursing assistants were face-to-face guidance from a mentor, training combining theory with practice, and online video training.ConclusionsChinese nursing assistants had poor knowledge but positive attitudes toward urinary incontinence. Facility managers should focus on developing training and learning mechanisms regarding urinary incontinence. It is important to adopt diverse training styles according to the actual situation of nursing homes.

A web app-based music intervention reduces experimental thermal pain: Arandomized trial on preferred versus least-liked music style.

Digital technologies are increasingly being used to strengthen national health systems. Music is used as a management technique for pain. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the effects of a web app-based music intervention on pain. The participants were healthy adults and underwent three conditions: Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM), Most-Liked Music (MLM) and Least-Liked Music (LLM). The music used is MUSIC CARE©, a web app-based personalized musical intervention ("U" Sequence based on a musical composition algorithm). Thermal pain was measured before starting the 20-min music intervention and after three time points for each music condition: 2.20, 11.30, and 20 min. Mean pain perceptions were significantly reduced under both LLM and MLM conditions. Pain decrease was more important under MLM condition than LLM condition at 2.20 min with a mean difference between both conditions of 9.7 (±3.9) (p = 0.0195) and at 11.30 min [9.2 (±3.3), p = 0.0099]. LLM is correlated with CPM but not MLM, suggesting different mechanisms between LLM and MLM. Musical intervention, a simple method of application, fits perfectly into a multidisciplinary global approach and helps to treat the pain and anxiety disorders of participants. Clinical trial registration: [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04862832], ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT04862832].

The Hashemite University Students’ Preferred Conflict Resolution Styles and Their Relation to Students’ Sex, Grade Point Average and Faculty

The study aimed at identifying students&amp;rsquo; preferred conflict resolution styles and their relation to students&amp;rsquo; sex, grade point average and faculty at The Hashemite University in Jordan. The descriptive method was used. The data of the study were collected through a questionnaire. The sample of the study consisted of 360 students. The results showed that students used cooperation, compromise, and avoiding respectively in a high degree respectively. Also, the results revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in students&amp;rsquo; preferred conflict resolution styles due to their sex, grade point average and faculty. In light of the study results, the researcher recommended providing educational programs to students focusing on skills such as tolerance, critical thinking, teamwork, communication, negotiation, dialogue, decision making, problem solving, and resilience to reduce the possibility for their resort to (forcing) as a preferred conflict resolution style.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Problem-Solving Skills Training Based on Tolman and Gestalt Theories on Problem Solving Styles in High School Students

Background and Aim: The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of teaching problem solving skills based on Tolman and Gestalt theories on the problem solving styles of high school students. Methods: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method, it is a hybrid type of research. The statistical population included all female students of the first year of high school in Hamedan city, the statistical sample size was 75 people (3 groups of 25 people), problem solving skills with the theory of Tolman (1932) and Gestalt (1986), who were selected through the purposeful sampling method. To collect data, the problemsolving questionnaire of Desorilla, Nezo, and Mead-Olivers (2000) was used, and for data analysis, multivariate covariance analysis and Sheffe's post hoc test were used. Results: There is a difference between the effect of teaching problem solving skills based on these theories on students' problem solving styles (i-j=-3.6, P=0.003). The effectiveness of education based on Tolman's theory is higher than Gestalt's theory in all students' problem solving styles (i-j = 1.4, P = 0.0001). Conclusion: These trainings increase the use of positive and rational orientation styles and reduce the use of two negative, avoidant and impulsive orientation styles in students. The effectiveness of education based on Tolman's theory is higher than Gestalt's in all problem solving styles of students.

One Thing at a Time: An Interview with Dr. Stephanie Vanderslice

Abstract: Allie Mariano interviews writer, professor, and pedagogy expert Dr. Stephanie Vanderslice of UCA. After Mariano tells of how they became acquainted, Dr. Vanderslice answers questions about the teaching and community of creative writing, the illustrious MFA program and its impact on students and instructors and their works, their preferred teaching styles, inspirations and experiences in the creative writing field, and what’s next for her.

Teachers’ perception of leadership styles and involvement during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis

During the COVID-19 pandemic, educators had to move their teaching and learning to online platforms. Such a change was unforeseen and therefore became an educational crisis. In order to execute the change in teaching strategies, teachers expect a set of behaviour and actions from their leaders to facilitate and support these changes. This survey study used the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) to investigate 124 teachers' views about their preferred and perceived effective leadership behaviour and actions that would support them and the challenges they faced with their teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Findings indicated that there was a significant difference between teachers’ preferred leadership and teachers’ perceived experience of leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The preferred leadership style was transformational leadership.

Leadership and Motivation as the Part of Corporate Culture in Selected Company

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the management and motivation of people and employees as part of the corporate culture in aselected company in a retail chain. The selected company has been operating in Slovakia since 2000, when it opened its first branch. Today, this chain of stores operates almost all over Slovakia and is still expanding. Primary and secondary data, methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison and statistical methods (Chi square test) are used to prepare the paper. The first part contains theoretical starting points and knowledge of the investigated issue from Slovak and foreign sources. The methodology contains a precise definition of the main goal, subgoals of the work, material and work procedure. The following is an analysis of the actual state of the selected entity. We use the questionnaire method to obtain information to evaluate leadership and motivation. The questionnaire is composed of 14 questions, 5 of which are identification questions, and the others are focused on the preferred style of leadership and satisfaction, on building a corporate culture, on current benefits and satisfaction with them, on potential benefits and on demotivation factories. The survey was completed by 57 respondents who were employees of one of the branches. Three hypotheses are formulated as part of this survey. Among the main analysis results, we can include satisfaction with the leadership style and the perception of corporate culture in the sense of “Everything for people” (for customers and employees) but also negative things such as insufficient current benefits and demotivation in the form of employee overload, bad working relations or insufficient environmental responsibility. All 3 hypotheses were rejected. Satisfaction with the leadership style does not depend on years of service, satisfaction with benefits received does not affect the age of the employees, and building a corporate culture does not depend on the leadership style of people. Subsequently, proposals and recommendations for practice are formulated based on the analysis. Among the most important proposals are support for the health of employees in the form of vitamin packages and wellness, sick days, financial rewards and team building. The conclusion of the paper also includes the limitations of the research and its possible extensions.

Vedenie ľudí a motivácia ako súčasti podnikovej kultúry vybraného podniku

The main goal of the paper is to evaluate the leadership and motivation of people and employees as part of the corporate culture in the selected company. The selected company has been operating in Slovakia since 2000, when it opened its first branch. Today, this chain of stores operates almost all over Slovakia and is still expanding. Primary and secondary data, methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison and statistical methods (Chi square test) are used to prepare the contribution. The first part contains theoretical starting points and knowledge of the investigated issue from Slovak and foreign sources. The methodology contains a precise definition of the main goal, sub-goals, material and work procedure. Follow the analysis of the actual state of the selected subject. We use the questionnaire method to obtain information to evaluate leadership and motivation. The questionnaire consists of 14 questions, 5 of which are identification questions, the others are focused on the preferred style of people management and satisfaction, on building a corporate culture, on current benefits and satisfaction with them, on possible benefits and on demotivation factories. The survey was attended by 57 respondents who are employees of one of the branches. 3 hypotheses are formulated as part of the survey. Among the main analyses, we can include satisfaction with the leadership style, the perception of corporate culture in the sense of "Everything for people" (for customers and employees), but also negative things such as insufficient current benefits and demotivation in the form of employees, bad working relations or insufficient environmental responsibility. All 3 hypotheses were rejected. Satisfaction with leadership style does not depend on years of service, satisfaction with receiving benefits does not affect the age of employees, and building a corporate culture does not depend on people's leadership style. Subsequently, proposals and recommendations for practice are formulated based on the analysis. Among the most important proposals are support for the health of employees in the form of vitamin packages and wellness, sick days, financial rewards and team building. the height of the conclusion of the contribution are also the limitations of the research and its possible extensions.

대학생의 학습스타일이 학습동기 및 학습태도에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution and pattern of learning style preferences of college students and to investigate the effect of major learning styles on their learning motivation and learning attitude. To achieve the purpose, the Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire was conducted for college students. Learning styles were divided into perceptual learning types (visual, auditory, tactile, and kinetic style) and social learning types (group and individual style). The responses of 514 were used, and using SPSS 27.0 program, cross tabulation analysis and multivariate analysis were conducted. The results of the study are as follows: college students generally preferred visual and group types. Male students preferred group styles, and female students preferred individual styles. The most variable period for learning style of college students was assumed the third school year. More than half the students showed over two major learning styles. Finally, the higher the number of major learning styles, the higher learning motivation and learning attitude.

Controlled and Autonomous Motivation Relation with Social Media Network Content Contribution: Post-COVID-19 Scenario

People are dependent on Social Media Networks (SMNs) to get in time information about crises. Therefore, emergency managers are interested in how individuals participate in social media networking sites after crises, as well as in how to encourage their participation. Based on the theory of self-determination, this study builds a theoretical model to investigate how various varieties of motivation lead to different kinds of participation in SMNs after a crisis. A survey was conducted after COVID-19, which occurred in China and Europe at the end of December 2019. The 310 data were gathered by a "time-lagged, two-wave survey" and "convenience sampling." According to the findings of this study, autonomous motivation is strongly linked to posting new COVID-19 content, while controlled motivation is significantly linked to commenting on others' COVID-19 content. Moreover, perceived autonomy and perceived relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation. This study proposes that crisis managers might wish to enhance various kinds of motivations; dependent on the particular take-part behavior chosen post crises. Moreover, perceived autonomy and relatedness are positively associated with autonomous motivation. The study proposes that risk managers may seek to promote different forms of motives based on the preferred style of participation after a crisis.