Work Style Research Articles

Personality profiles of 263 occupations.

While personality trait assessments are widely used in candidate selection, coaching, and occupational counseling, little published research has systematically compared occupations in personality traits. Using a comprehensive personality assessment, we mapped 263 occupations in self-reported Big Five domains and various personality nuances in a sample of 68,540 individuals and cross-validated the findings in informant ratings of 19,989 individuals. Controlling for age and gender, occupations accounted for 2%-7% of Big Five variance in both self-reports and informant reports. Most occupations' average Big Five levels were intuitive, replicated across rating methods, and were consistent with those previously obtained with a brief assessment in a different sociocultural context. Often, they also tracked the Occupational Information Network database's work style ratings and clustered along the International Standard Classification of Occupation's hierarchical framework. Finally, occupations with higher average levels of the personality domains typically linked to better job performance tended to be more homogeneous in these domains, suggesting that jobs with higher performing incumbents are often more selective for personality traits. Several personality nuances had intuitive occupational differences that were larger than those of the Big Five domains (explaining up to 12% variance) and replicated well across rating methods, providing more detailed insights into how job incumbents vary in personality. We provide an interactive application for exploring the results (https://apps.psych.ut.ee/JobProfiles/) and discuss the findings' theoretical and practical implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Chopin’s Nocture Style in the Romantic Period: A Case Study of Nocture Op.9 No.1

Nocturne had a great development in the Romantic period of the 19th century. Chopin, as a typical representative of the Romantic period, pushed the development of nocturne to a new climax. His works have a very high artistic value and are a precious artistic heritage for future generations. Chopin has made great contributions to the development of romantic music. Therefore, Chopin's works have left a lot of places worth exploring and studying, which has had a profound influence on the development of Western music. This paper will be based on the general situation of romantic music, starting from Chopin's life and creation process, through the analysis of Chopin's “Nocturnica Op.9 No.1” piano works as the theme of detailed discussion, from the music melody style, touch keys, pedal use and music emotional expression, to grasp the style of the work and processing. The performance skills in the works and rich artistic expression show. By understanding the musical style and artistic characteristics of the Romantic period, we can further grasp the style and treatment of Chopin's works, and apply his performance personality to Chopin's other music works, so as to improve the level of performers' playing skills, restore the musical emotional expression that the composer wants to convey to the audience, and improve the performance of music.

Perks or burdens? Being “nearly (Im)mobile” as IT foreign professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

ABSTRACT This paper investigates how Vietnamese IT professionals managed their daily work and family lives in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adapting the concept of “nearly mobile”, this study suggests a concept of “nearly (im)mobile”, which focuses on the tensions and opportunities between mobility and immobility in skilled migrants’ work and family life. Workers from Vietnam comprise the third-largest group of foreign IT professionals in Japan. Many worked remotely during the pandemic, like others in the IT industry. However, amidst the unmitigated expansion of remote work during the pandemic including among Japanese nationals, how these workers experienced this work style has remained under-researched. The findings are based on semi-structured online and in-person interview data from Vietnamese IT professionals. Similar to Japanese national employees, many Vietnamese professionals could work remotely. Moreover, the workforce needs in the labour market allowed some to change jobs. However, junior workers were forced to be immobile (at the office) or stay in on-the-job training, and some skilled workers were expected to commit to longer hours for online communication with staff in Vietnam. Additionally, border restrictions exposed the immobility of foreign IT professionals and family members in Japan and Vietnam, which prevented these professionals from receiving childcare support from their families. This paper argues that while Vietnamese IT professionals could be physically “nearly (im)mobile” by staying at home to work, they were simultaneously pressured to undergo “nearly (im)mobile” work practices in Japanese firms while constrained by managing their work and family lives.

Assessment of Musculoskeletal Loads among Office Workers Due to Predicted BMI Increase

The increasing prevalence of adult obesity is a major global health problem. Causes include sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity, as well as the place and style of work. This work aimed to assess the impact of an increase in BMI, resulting from a sedentary lifestyle, on the functioning of the human musculoskeletal system during daily activities. Standing and sitting down were analyzed using numerical simulations in the AnyBody Modeling System. The results showed that by 2050, an increase in body weight will lead to an 11% increase in lumbar spine loads and up to 14% increase in knee and hip joint loads compared to 2015. Increased body weight will also increase muscle fatigue, requiring the body to exert more force to perform the same activities. The BMI change prediction model shows that the average man will be overweight or obese in the coming years, which will likely increase musculoskeletal loads.

Working with Difficult Colleagues: Strategies for Managing Conflict and Maintaining Productivity

This article explores research-backed strategies for effectively managing workplace conflicts and collaborating productively even with difficult or disliked coworkers. While interpersonal disputes are inevitable in team environments where personalities and work styles differ, the research shows proper handling of conflicts can spark innovation, while improper addressing can breed toxicity. The article presents a framework for constructively channeling conflicts through establishing clear boundaries, addressing disagreements calmly and respectfully, avoiding personal criticisms, discreetly addressing issues to shield others, and upholding civility and professionalism at all times. Real-world examples from hospital administrators, project managers, and nonprofit CEOs illustrate applying these strategies in navigating philosophical divides and personality clashes. The conclusion is that with strategic relationship management focused on issue-solving over blaming, and principles-based leadership, leaders can work productively despite challenges from certain colleagues.

Impacto de la motivación laboral en el desempeño del personal administrativo en home office: un caso de estudio en una empresa comercializadora de plásticos.

In 2020, the world faced a severe health crisis derived from SARS CoV-2, so different social sectors found it necessary to modify and acquire new habits aimed at preserving hygiene and health. Specifically in the workplace, organizations faced situations that forced them to make decisions that significantly changed their usual work style. As a result of this situation, companies implemented different strategies in favor of staff health, one of the most used was the Home Office (working at home), which caused various problems among employees, such as increased stress, lack of communication, poor time management, poor performance, etc. In relation to the above, this research was carried out using a quantitative approach, with the application of a survey to the administrative staff of a company dedicated to the marketing of plastic items, with the purpose of knowing the working conditions of the collaborator. At home, and consequently, propose motivational strategies focused on promoting their performance and well-being at work. The results obtained reflect that the staff did not have spaces suitable for working at home, as well as difficulty communicating and interacting with colleagues, as well as the lack of time organization to carry out their work activities. Finally, recommendations are designed such as the periodic scheduling of effective meetings, discussions; actions that favorably impact the performance of collaborators.

Understanding of ‘person-centred care’ in an oncology ICU: Associative group analysis

PurposeTo describe how healthcare professionals, patients, and their significant others understand the concept of ‘person-centred care’ in an oncology ICU. MethodsThis study followed the associative group analysis (AGA) method, a quali-quantitative research approach.The population included healthcare professionals, their patients, and significant others in a four-bed oncology adult intensive care unit. Whole population sampling (n = 22) allowed all healthcare professionals to participate. Maximum variation purposive sampling was used to identify patients and their significant others (n = 22). Data were collected during either face-to-face or telephonic individual interviews. Free associations were weighted using a validated weighting system. Words with similar meanings were then grouped into themes. The themes were then deductively grouped according to the domains of the Person-centred Practice Framework. ResultsParticipants had a limited understanding of person-centred care and could only identify six of the 23 constructs of the Person-centred Practice Framework. Healthcare professionals embraced the idea of person-centred care, but their understanding of the concept remains vague. Person-centred care remains conceptual in this oncology intensive care unit because the interpretation and operationalisation of the concept are misaligned at various health service levels. ConclusionOrganisations should invest in work-based learning to enable staff to understand the concept of person-centred care. Healthcare workers also need to self-evaluate how they work and be able to adjust their working style to be more person-centred.

―Results of a Questionnaire Survey on Work Style Reform―Report from the Working Group on Work Style Reform of the Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

―Results of a Questionnaire Survey on Work Style Reform―Report from the Working Group on Work Style Reform of the Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

On the Significance of Classical Instrumental Performance Style in Contemporary Times

The paper explores the significance of classical instrumental performance style in contemporary music,By analyzing the musical structure, emotional expression and playing skills of the classical period, the profound influence of classical music on contemporary music creation and performance is studied.,Discuss the inheritance and innovation of classical music style in neoclassical works based on examples. The research results show that the classical instrumental performance style plays an important role in contemporary music education, the integration of technology and aesthetics, and cross-cultural music exchange, promoting the development and integration of global music and art.Therefore, the classical instrumental performance style has important educational significance and practical value in contemporary times, and can provide players with dual guidance of technology and art.

MEASURING CAREER EXPECTATIONS OF GENERATION Z: KARABUK UNIVERSITY EXAMPLE

This study aims to ascertain the career expectations of Generation Z. To achieve this objective, it analyzes the concepts and characteristics of Traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z, with the underlying reasons for their distinctions. The research comprises 551 male and 253 female students currently enrolled at Karabük University in Türkiye. This study utilizes a descriptive research model, employing online survey forms as the primary data collection methodology. The gathered data analysis was done using t-tests and ANOVA statistical measurements. After a thorough evaluation, the findings revealed significant differences in the responses between participants from Generation Z and Generation X. While the majority of the respondents expressed confidence in possessing adequate knowledge about their future job prospects and expectations, most respondents expressed the need for assistance with career services. Therefore, the findings recommend that employers should be prepared to address the unique needs and work styles of Gen Z.

Adaptive strategies and sustainable investments: navigating organizations through a VUCA environment in and after COVID-19

This study delves into the resilience and adaptability of employees within the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) business environment, examining their readiness to manage effectively and the organizational agility in navigating change, alongside the impact of sustainable investment practices. Employing quantitative methods, a survey was conducted among employees at two pivotal moments: during and after the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Factorial analysis revealed a strong preference for participatory work styles and highlighted the critical need for employee involvement in significant decision-making processes. Although the value of sustainable investments was recognized, a noticeable gap was found in employees’ understanding and adaptability towards these investments. The use of the Wilcoxon test illuminated the significant impact of external disruptions, such as the pandemic, on organizational operations and preparedness. The findings underscore the imperative for organizations to champion continuous learning and training, enabling strategic and innovative responses to the challenges unique to the VUCA world. By aligning adaptive interventions with the demands of the VUCA environment, organizations can define a clear trajectory towards sustainable growth and enhance their proactive stance against sudden shifts in the business landscape.

An Approach for Assessing the Usability of Academic Websites: An Application to Websites’ Universities

Websites became closely ingrained in our personal life and work styles, and they have already become crucial to the success of the business. The web development process is often ad-hoc and chaotic, lacking systematic and disciplined approaches and quality assurance and control procedures. To attain the desired quality of websites, a lot of quality factors should be considered. Web quality factors can be organized around three perspectives: visitor, owner, and developer. Each perspective is mainly interested in some quality factors than others. The visitor is mainly concerned with seven quality factors: usability, accessibility, content quality, credibility, functionality, security, and internationalization. This paper focuses on usability as an example of quality considerations that are more important from the visitor’s perspective. Therefore, this paper aims to propose an approach for enhancing the usability of websites. The proposed approach depends on a set of quality guidelines for three quality sub-factors of usability, which are: navigability, searching, and legibility. Finally, a case study is used to evaluate and illustrate the validity of the proposed approach. The outcomes are explained and interpreted.

Implementation of Effective Sports Human Resource Management Policies in Improving the Performance of Sports Organizations in the Society 5.0 Era

Current advances have created very tight competition among Central Java Petanque sports organizations, encouraging the need for extraordinary performance to support national sporting achievements. The change from the previous era to the Society 5.0 Era reflects significant evolution in the industrial revolution, technological progress and social change. In the Era of Society 5.0, the role of the Central Java Petanque sports organization is increasingly important in responding to the dynamics of social and technological change. Human resource management in the Central Java Petanque sports organization faces various challenges, such as the diversity of team members involving differences in culture, language and work styles. Therefore, implementing human resource management policies that focus on sports is very important to compete at the global level, improve sports performance, and support the achievement of national goals in Indonesia's sports achievements. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The research results show that its application will face dynamics and challenges regarding limited sports human resources, cultural and value differences, and dynamic flexibility. Therefore, alternative solutions are needed to deal with various problems, such as automation in increasing awareness about the value of various crocodiles, automation that leads to digitalization, as well as developing programs for the involvement of all human resources in sports

Cross-Functional Team Management in Product Development

It is very necessary for successful product development to have good cross-functional team management in today's business climate, which is more dynamic and competitive than ever before. It is crucial to have cross-functional teams in order to stimulate innovation, improve product quality, and accelerate time-to-market. These teams comprise of people from a variety of departments, including engineering, marketing, design, and operations, among others. In the context of product development, this abstract investigates the relevance of managing cross-functional teams, as well as the issues that come with it and the best practices that may be implemented. Having a wide range of viewpoints, greater problem-solving skills, and enhanced cooperation across a variety of functional areas are just some of the advantages that cross-functional teams provide. A holistic approach to product development that is capable of addressing difficult and varied issues is made possible by these teams, which are meant to incorporate knowledge from a variety of disciplines from different fields. Cross-functional teams are able to produce more creative solutions, better fulfil the demands of customers, and adapt to changing market circumstances because they bring together people who have various abilities and points of view when they are brought together. Nevertheless, managing teams that work across functional boundaries brings a number of issues. One of the most significant challenges is bringing together individuals of the team who have various work styles, goals, and objectives. It is essential to have efficient communication and coordination in order to guarantee that all members of the team are at the same level of understanding and are working towards the same objective. In addition, divergent degrees of knowledge and competing interests may result in misunderstandings and conflicts, which can impede development and have an impact on the morale of the team.

Dampak Kepribadian Narsistik terhadap quality of work life dalam Era Hybrid Working

Hybrid working is the work model chosen by many companies. In practice, changing your work style to a hybrid can affect the quality of work life. Quality of work life is an employee's perception which includes aspects of job and career satisfaction, general well-being, distance from homework, stress at work, control at work, working conditions. On the other hand, employee personality is a kind of diversity in the workplace. One of the personalities in the workplace is the personality of narcissism. Narcissism is part of the dark triad personality. Narcissism is demonstrated by behavior of self-admiration, domination, and superiority. The aim of this research is to explain the role of narcissistic personality in the quality of work life of employees who work in a hybrid manner. The participants were 217 hybrid working employees who filled out the Quality of work life and Short Dark Triad Personality scale instruments. The participants consisted of government agency employees, male and female, private employees, government agencies and start-ups, ranging in age from 20 to 55, with D3 to S3 educational backgrounds. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling method. The research results show that narcissistic personality plays a role in the quality of work life (b=0.055; p<0.001). Companies need to manage narcissistic traits through personnel management to improve the quality of work life in a hybrid work environment.

Adapting to the Agricultural Labor Market Shaped by Robotization

Agriculture is being transformed through automation and robotics to improve efficiency and reduce production costs. However, this transformation poses risks of job loss, particularly for low-skilled workers, as automation decreases the need for human labor. To adapt, the workforce must acquire new qualifications to collaborate with automated systems or shift to roles that leverage their unique human abilities. In this study, 15 agricultural occupations were methodically mapped in a cognitive/manual versus routine/non-routine two-dimensional space. Subsequently, each occupation’s susceptibility to robotization was assessed based on the readiness level of existing technologies that can automate specific tasks and the relative importance of these tasks in the occupation’s execution. The qualifications required for occupations less impacted by robotization were summarized, detailing the specific knowledge, skills, and work styles required to effectively integrate the emerging technologies. It was deduced that occupations involving primary manual routine tasks exhibited the highest susceptibility rate, whereas occupations with non-routine tasks showed lower susceptibility. To thrive in this evolving landscape, a strategic combination of STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) skills with essential management, soft skills, and interdisciplinary competences is imperative. Finally, this research stresses the importance of strategic preparation by policymakers and educational systems to cultivate key competencies, including digital literacy, that foster resilience, inclusivity, and sustainability in the sector.

Automating modular open-plan office layouts with performance-based generative design

Space planning, a crucial phase of architectural design, has significantly benefited from recent performance-based generative methods, enabling early discovery of innovative layouts among a wide range of alternatives. The application of generative design in open-office layout, where flexibility to support different work styles is essential, should become more practical. This paper fills gaps in automated space planning for office buildings, presenting a generative algorithm for robust circulation in multi-story modular geometries. By inputting a modular 3D model, the algorithm generates multiple interior configurations using a library of predefined modules adaptable to cube dimensions and client preferences. This facilitates extensive layout options, streamlining decision-making for efficient workstation and corridor designs. The use of a user-friendly visualization platform allows standard drawing modifications by architects with no programming knowledge. The algorithm's effectiveness is proven through application on various 3D geometries, showcasing its potential to improve practical office design.

РЫСПАЙ АБДЫКАДЫРОВДУН БАЛДАР ҮЧҮН ЖАЗЫЛГАН ЧЫГАРМАЛАРЫН ОКУТУУНУН ӨЗГӨЧӨЛҮКТӨРҮ

This article analyzes the work of the great composer Ryspai Abdikadyrov and the peculiarities of his creative style in comparison with other musicians. It examined the methods of teaching the composer in elementary school, the musical style of works intended for children. We focused on the public's approach to music, the music lessons that take place at school, and its condition. The author's attitude to music, including his works for children, was openly analyzed. The author says that there is no purer universe than the world of a child. It seems that the composer lacks independence, creative inspiration in teaching his immortal works to the next young people. Because of this, it can be noticed that later young people are tempted by dexterity and cannot immerse themselves in the real museum world. The exceptional mastery of the author's musical flair is especially emphasized.

Objective alertness, rather than sleep duration, is associated with burnout and depression: A national survey of Japanese physicians.

Approximately 40% of Japanese physicians report working more than 960 hr of overtime annually, with 10% exceeding 1860 hr. To protect their health, annual overtime limits went into effect in 2024. The objective of this study was to investigate associations of self-reported sleep duration with psychological health and objective alertness. This was a cross-sectional National Survey for The Work Style Reform of Long Working Physicians. Physicians self-reported daily sleep duration, burnout (Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory), depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and traffic accidents. Alertness was then evaluated using the brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test. Of 20,382 physicians invited, 1226 completed the survey and brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test. Daily sleep duration was inversely associated with weekly work hours (β = -5.4; 95% confidence interval -6.8 to -4.0, p < 0.0001). Sleep duration < 6 hr and ≥ 8 hr per day was associated with slower responses on the brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test (adjusted p < 0.05). An additional 10 hr worked per week was associated with a 0.40 point (95% confidence interval 0.08-0.72) increase in burnout severity and a 1.7% (95% confidence interval 0.1-3.3%) increase in odds of reporting a traffic accident. Increased brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test lapses, indicating lower alertness, were associated with worse symptoms of depression (β = 0.23 points; 95% confidence interval 0.14-0.31, p < 0.0001) and burnout (β = 0.25 points; 95% confidence interval 0.13-0.36, p < 0.0001). This study emphasizes the importance of sufficient sleep to maintain alertness, and supports limiting work hours for Japanese physicians to protect psychological health. Performance on the brief Psychomotor Vigilance Test may be a useful indicator of psychological health.

Predicting Workers' Stress: Application of a High-Performance Algorithm Using Working-Style Characteristics.

Work characteristics, such as teleworking rate, have been studied in relation to stress. However, the use of work-related data to improve a high-performance stress prediction model that suits an individual's lifestyle has not been evaluated. This study aims to develop a novel, high-performance algorithm to predict an employee's stress among a group of employees with similar working characteristics. This prospective observational study evaluated participants' responses to web‑based questionnaires, including attendance records and data collected using a wearable device. Data spanning 12 weeks (between January 17, 2022, and April 10, 2022) were collected from 194 Shionogi Group employees. Participants wore the Fitbit Charge 4 wearable device, which collected data on daily sleep, activity, and heart rate. Daily work shift data included details of working hours. Weekly questionnaire responses included the K6 questionnaire for depression/anxiety, a behavioral questionnaire, and the number of days lunch was missed. The proposed prediction model used a neighborhood cluster (N=20) with working-style characteristics similar to those of the prediction target person. Data from the previous week predicted stress levels the following week. Three models were compared by selecting appropriate training data: (1) single model, (2) proposed method 1, and (3) proposed method 2. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) were calculated for the top 10 extracted features from the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model to evaluate the amount and contribution direction categorized by teleworking rates (mean): low: <0.2 (more than 4 days/week in office), middle: 0.2 to <0.6 (2 to 4 days/week in office), and high: ≥0.6 (less than 2 days/week in office). Data from 190 participants were used, with a teleworking rate ranging from 0% to 79%. The area under the curve (AUC) of the proposed method 2 was 0.84 (true positive vs false positive: 0.77 vs 0.26). Among participants with low teleworking rates, most features extracted were related to sleep, followed by activity and work. Among participants with high teleworking rates, most features were related to activity, followed by sleep and work. SHAP analysis showed that for participants with high teleworking rates, skipping lunch, working more/less than scheduled, higher fluctuations in heart rate, and lower mean sleep duration contributed to stress. In participants with low teleworking rates, coming too early or late to work (before/after 9 AM), a higher/lower than mean heart rate, lower fluctuations in heart rate, and burning more/fewer calories than normal contributed to stress. Forming a neighborhood cluster with similar working styles based on teleworking rates and using it as training data improved the prediction performance. The validity of the neighborhood cluster approach is indicated by differences in the contributing features and their contribution directions among teleworking levels. UMIN UMIN000046394; https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm.