Journalistic Style Research Articles

Corporate Loyalty or Creative Self-Realization: Management Strategies in the Field of Journalism

Introduction. The paper is devoted to the discussion of issues and unforeseen risks facing media leaders during their staffing decisions, above all the motivation of journalists' professional work and the encouraging style of journalists to perform editorial assignments. Methodology and sources. Based on the methodological resources of structural and functional analysis and structuralist constructivism, various – often opposite – editorial attitudes are identified, each of which contains resources and risks for both the professional implementation of journalists and the corporate climate of media publications. The sociological data for the problematization of the context of managerial communication was the content analysis of interviews with experts and media leaders published on Mediajobs.ru in the Media and Career portal. The measurement was carried out in the following categories: requirements for the work of a journalist by the editor-inchief or the head of a media holding; features of professional communication in the journalistic community; communication features when working with storage media; professional self-characterization of interviewed respondents. Results and discussion. The paper shows that the value preferences of media managers regarding acceptable methods of obtaining information, namely the requirements for verifying the reliability of the data collected or the use of emotional provocation, turned out to be approximately equal in the analyzed sample. Reflecting and at the same time defining the professional practice of the interaction of journalists with their sources, these professional attitudes contain the conditions for shifting the risk towards conflict interprofessional interaction.Conclusion. The sociological analysis of managerial strategies in the journalistic community makes it possible to predict with a high degree of probability the nature of professional failures and stresses that arise when journalists carry out their professional duties.

The Humble Sentence

The Humble Sentence

Colloquiality and stylistics of online alternative news media

Abstract The main line of the study is bound to the conditions, demonstrations and effects of colloquiality (colloquialization) parameter that has been applied in the current electronic media communication sphere. Colloquiality as a non-verbal, structural and compositional attribute of a piece of communication is primarily present in the open, semi- and non-official communication contacts with direct, immediate involvement of their participants. In traditional print journalism built on the verified principles of printedness/ writtenness, colloquiality occurs as a secondary, accompanying attribute of the media communication pieces. Regardless of the genre affiliation of the newspaper products, it helps perform their, e.g., documentary, persuasive, captivating, characterizing, relieving or aesthetic functions. Apart from the parameter of printedness, both mainstream and alternative (complementary) online media generally calculate upon the advanced options of the visual code systems. Thus, language-based online newspapers are easily supplemented with simultaneous, additional, or substitutional means and procedures of cinematographic origin, e.g., a surprising choice, dynamic edition, purpose-made superposition of the text, audio and video sequences being applied through hyperlinking, audiovisual effects, etc. Besides, accompanying dialogization and consequent de-officialization of online newspapers are changing conventional characteristics of the journalistic style. The expanding zone of colloquiality loosens the standards of codified language in written/printed communication. Boundaries between the varieties in the framework of language stratification are already easily penetrable. The material base and argument platform of the study consist of author texts published in the Slovak online alternative news media.

Magazine «Otechestvennye Zapiski » in the History of Russian Culture of the 19th Century

The literary magazine «Otechestvennye Zapiski» legitimately belongs to the realm of the most known and reputable periodicals in the history of Russian journalism. Its publishers did everything possible to refine the journalistic style of its content and to turn each issue or, a book, as they used to call them, into high-quality classical thick literary magazines. The magazine published articles and stories of various genres. All of them stood out in terms of the high-quality writing. Both, up-and-coming and established authors dreamed of a publication there. At the same time, all of them realized that it was crucial to write something special for «Otechestvennye Zapiski», something not to be found in any other magazine. For many years, the magazine had a reputation of journalism training school. Yet, not only had it shaped outstanding journalists. Many up-and-coming writers became famous after the magazine featured their first works. Those, who we call today the classics of Russian literature, were among them. The magazine discovered Mikhail Lermontov to the world by being the first publisher of his short novels «Bela», «Fatalist», and «Taman» which later became parts of the novel «A Hero of Our Time». Many poems of Lermontov found the readers through «Otechestvennye Zapiski». Some of the early works of Nikolay Gogol and Fyodor Dostoyevsky were first featured there. It was this magazine, where young Turgenev gave his early poems as well. Plays of Alexander Ostrovsky went to the stages of the leading theaters shortly after being published in «Otechestvennye Zapiski». Taking advantage of the glory of a brilliant literary and artistic magazine, “Otechestvennye Zapiski” made a great contribution to the Russian culture. From the first years of its existence, articles on the newly opened private art galleries, numismatic collections, libraries, and various art exhibitions began to appear on its pages. From the very beginning of its publication and up to its closure, the journal carried out an important educational mission.

JIFs, giraffes, and a diffusion of culpability: A response to Osterloh and Frey's discussion paper on ‘Borrowed plumes’

The giraffe's laryngeal nerve is an absurdity. It connects the brain to the voice box, taking a circuitous route all the way down the neck and all the way back up again. Presumably, somewhere in the course of history, it got caught up with the development of other organs, and now takes a massive detour round the back of the aorta near the heart. It is anything but elegant, and was clearly “not meant to be, but just happens to be” (Gould, 1993, p76). Disentangling the nerve would involve the rearrangement of multiple organs simultaneously, and would be – to use policy parlance – a multi-stakeholder issue. The journal impact factor (JIF) is an absurdity. It connects two weak bodies of understanding – citation theory and peer review theory – via a circuitous route through the research system. The JIF was supposed to assist librarians in curating their collection, and the underlying Citation Index1 itself was supposed to help with searches and retrieval, but somewhere in the course of history, they both got caught up in an information flood. They are now used to rank selectively, a purpose for which they were certainly not designed. JIFs have ended up deeply entangled in modern research systems, and implicated in important pathologies of those systems. Of course, the nerve remains functional for most giraffes, which is more than can be said about JIFs in the research system, so the metaphor is a strained one. Even a cursory look at the JIF reveals many reasons why it does not serve us well for ranking journals. It is a metric that is unforgiving of disciplinary differences and journal styles, and easily gamed by strategic authors, editors and publishers, to name just some of the issues (Archambault and Lariviere, 2009; Braun, 2012; Martin, 2016). Perhaps most troubling is the idea that journal rankings may now be shaping the direction and content of science (Rafols et al., 2012; Muller and Rijke, 2017). Authors might complain about what is needed to get published in high-JIF journals, whilst editors might lament that submissions are becoming more homogenous. Journals certainly seem to shape and influence researchers’ behaviour. Economists might not be willing to give their right arm for a publication in American Economic Review with its lofty stature, but the strength of their preferences imply they would at least be willing to sacrifice more than half a thumb (Attema et al., 2014)!2 Yet, the metaphor does serve to illustrate a choice for addressing the current malaise in research policy. Should we ‘muddle through’, a la Lindblom (1959), tinkering with modified JIFs, using them in combination with other metrics, playing the arms race with those who seek to game them?3 Or should we seek radical disentanglement from JIF, or indeed from journal rankings by any measure? Within this context, Osterloh and Frey (2020) do us an important service by asking why, for all its problems, journal rankings based on JIFs are still so influential. Moreover, they offer some suggestions for reform, some more radical than others. In this note, I wish to focus on two points of difference between Osterloh and Frey, and myself. The first is the degree to which JIF lock-in can be explained exclusively by ‘borrowed plumes’. The second is the degree to which their suggested reforms are sufficiently radical but too narrow in scope. Considering these two points, which turn out to be somewhat intertwined, will help to characterise what is really at stake. What is at stake is not so much how journal rankings affect academics and their careers (“top publications are decisive for academic careers”), but rather how well the research system interacts with and serves societal goals. Osterloh and Frey may well have identified one source of JIF lock-in, but I shall submit that there are other culprits, too, both within and beyond academia. Some are more culpable than others, readers may decide.

THE LANGUAGE OF “MOLLA NASREDDIN” JOURNAL AS A FORMATIVE STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AZERBAIJANI NATIONAL LITERARY LANGUAGE

This research aims to determine specific models of wordplay at the level of syntagma in the language of the satirical journal “Molla Nasreddin”; the research applies a structural-semantic analysis of occasional syntagma constructed on paradox; the research reveals that the main model of wordplay is the contamination of famous, common syntagma with a paradoxical continuation; The game encompasses almost all levels of the language system from the scale to the syntactic models. In fact, modern mass media embody the element of speech, since all its features are clearly represented here. Outplaying the usual paremias, creating new syntagms based on the paradox of deception or unjustified expectations, occupies a special place in the modern Azerbaijani speech element. The paradox here is that the recipient is offered the familiar paremia which does not correspond to the existing standard in the rheumatic part of the statement. Such outplaying has a serious communicative function, since the shock experienced by the addressee when breaking the stereotype helps focus attention on the essence of the information. This model appeared consistently in the language of the journal and determined the special characteristics of the national literary language for many decades to come. Today the models of “Molla Nasreddin” are typical of the journalistic style of the Azerbaijani literary language

COMPLEX WORD AS A TENDENCY TO THE LANGUAGE ECONOMY MASS-MEDIA DISCUSSION OF THE 21ST CENTURY BEGINNING

The article is devoted to the analysis of word-formation processes in the language of the journalistic style of the early twenty-first century. It was found out that the press reflects contemporary general trends. It is established that mass media and the press are the main sources of updating and updating of the Ukrainian vocabulary, as mass media also undergoes radical modifications.The purpose of our research is to find out the notion of linguistic economy, the reasons for its occurrence, as well as how today journalists implement the compression process (reduction, reduction) at the lexical level, namely, the law of economy of language resources, which is found in search of more successful (short) linguistic constructions and that corresponds to modern media communication, which means simply and accessible to communicate the opinion to the recipient.The object of the study is complicated words in the mass media of the early twenty-first century. The subject of the study is the derivational and functional-stylistic features of complicated words in the language of the press of the early twenty-first century.For multivariate analysis of complicated words the following methods were used: descriptive, which enabled to reveal the formal signs of complicated words of the modern press, to study the factors of the creation of complicated units; component (for the description of semantics of complicated units) and functional (for distinguishing the functions of complicated words in the language of the press).Consequently, we can argue that complicated words are the result of reflecting the interaction of language, in particular its word-building system, with the peculiarities of development and the needs of Ukrainian society at the present stage of the rapid development of the information society, as well as against the background of economic and political changes in the state. Media and press releases, along with journalism and artistic literature, are the main source of renewal, enrichment and replenishment of the Ukrainian vocabulary with new words. Complicated words as economical in form nominating units are marked by significant semantic content. Thus, they are a frequent phenomenon in language and a wonderful expressive-figurative stylistic means. In the long run, we see the study of the derivational and stylistic features of complicated words that function in the language of the media.

HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES AS A RESOURCE STUDY OF CHURCH SLAVONIC BORROWINGS

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of Church Slavonic vocabulary in secular monuments of the 16th–18th centuries, in particular, business style (letters, letters, acts, wills, land lustration, inventories, court claims, complaints, contracts, and others), journalistic style (polemical texts) , artistic style (poetry, interludes, dramas, eulogies, songs, chronicles), scientific style (dictionaries, herbalists, grammar, prefaces). All of them serve as sources of historical dictionaries of the Ukrainian language: “Dictionary of the Ukrainian language of the 16th – first half of the 17th century”, “Historical dictionary of the Ukrainian language” edited by Y. Tymchenko, as well as their files.The main attention is paid to specific features (phonetic, derivational), due to which Slavonicism differs from other borrowed (Latin, Greek, Polish borrowings). The analyzed historical dictionaries represent a large number of compositeChurch Slavonicisms with the first component of good, God, good, all, many, glory. The main thematic groups of Church Slavonic vocabulary are presented: medical ecclesiastical Slavonicism to indicate everyday of organs and parts of the human body, words for the animal and plant world, astronomical concepts, geographical vocabulary, names associated with military business, vocabulary, the names of relatives and others.It is established that an extensive lexical microsystem consists of related to the church sphere: the names of the performers and participants in the service, the names of religious objects, their varieties and parts, the names of worship, rituals, religious rites, the names of temples and its parts, the names of church holidays, posts, names of divine persons angels. Church Slavonicisms are also part of phraseological units and stable phrases.Church Slavonic vocabulary of the 16th – 18th centuries It is an integral part of the lexical system of the Old Ukrainian period.

Satisfaction and Preferences on Student Publication

The students’ satisfaction and expectations are a tool to re-invent and improve student publication. The goals of this quantitative research are to discover the degree of satisfaction and the extent of preferences of the students of The Wheelhouse publication; hence, it utilized descriptive, correlational, and comparative methods to reveal the expectations of 270 student-readers. Results revealed that the students are satisfied with their school paper while they prefer the three journalistic styles. In terms of sex, the results showed that there is a significant difference between the male and the female. However, there is no significant difference when they are compared according to course. Finally, in the variable year level, there is a significant difference revealed in the technicalities among the second-year students. The outcome of this study was used as a guide in the composition of a campus journalism manual and a publishable dummy of a magazine.

What is narrative journalism? A systematic review and an empirical agenda

This article reviews scientific research on narrative journalism, aiming to (1) demystify the nature of narrative journalism by specifying its core characteristics, resulting in a sustainable definition of the genre; (2) characterize the current state of the scientific field; and (3) identify gaps in our knowledge about narrative journalism. A systematic search of the scientific literature between 1998 and 2017 resulted in a set of 103 journal articles about narrative journalism. Their analysis reveals that the scientific field is dominated by essayistic and qualitative studies on printed forms of narrative journalism, with a focus on the history and style of narrative journalism, whereas systematic research on the function and impact of the genre is scarce. A framework is presented that synthesizes the hitherto isolated strands of research on narrative journalism and offers anchors for an empirical turn in narrative journalism studies.

Radiology Resident Journal Club: Enhancements Add Educational Value

Resident journal clubs are essential to develop skills to critically appraise existing literature. However, most reports of journal clubs focus on logistics of the activity and less on established roles of those involved. Our objective is to report on an innovative journal club from the perspective of key participants. Journal club schedule, assignments, evaluations, and analysis are proffered from our institution. The journal club goals were formulated as: (1) improving resident understanding of research (biostatistical and epidemiologic) methods and statistical concepts, (2) teaching critical appraisal skills, and (3) promoting the use of evidence-based medicine. Each session's format is interactive, consisting of a 10 minute lecture with radiology examples of a research or statistical concept, followed by a journal club style discussion. Crucial to the success of this curriculum has been input and engagement of multiple parties: radiology residents, epidemiologist directors, and subspecialist clinician educator faculty members. A well-thought out and well-run resident journal club offers numerous solutions to radiology residencies. To residency program leadership and to each individual resident annually, resident journal club offers cutting edge medical knowledge, interactive conferences in the formal didactic curriculum, resident training in critical thinking skills and research design, resident training in interpersonal and communication skills, opportunity for residents to be teachers, and expanded resident interprofessional education. It meets Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education common program, Residency Review Committee diagnostic radiology program, and American Board of Radiology Milestones requirements.

AXIOLOGICAL MARKING OF MODERN MASS MEDIA METAPHOR

The article analyzes the metaphor (in a broad sense) functioning in the modern language of mass media. The study was performed in line with accolate pragmatic, in particular through the prism of social not – «one of the main stylistic traits of newspaper and journalistic style, due not only informative but also – mostly – powerful nature of journalistic broadcast» (L. Duskaeva). The aim of the article is – to identify produced and functioning metaphors in the modern mass media language, to determine their axiological potential and ways of its formation. The source base was the dictionary of metaphorical phrases of the Ukrainian press and materials of television and electronic media, which were not included in the dictionary due to its reliable, thematic and time constraints. The analysis attracted more than 4000 metaphors. The study identified implicit and explicit ways of formation of evaluative semantics: explicitating the words, the assessment of which is included in the semantic structure of the word, preserving the evaluative overtones out of context; implications to consider the words, which is observed only under appropriate conditions of context. The means of formation of implicit not consider use of medical, domestic, educational, military, cultural, traffic, sports and other bits of vocabulary, each of which is in the process of metaphorization gets its unique flavor axiological; the formation of axiological opposition «own / someone else», «old / new». The lexical system of the language of mass media has an open character, the relative constancy can be determined only for a certain period, which is due to the constant need (relevance) of its study, and hence the prospect of further research. Therefore, the analysis of mass media metaphors in the axiological aspect is a synchronous section of the study of the vocabulary of mass media in 2000–2019.

Types of Essays Written in the RF Basic State Exam (BSE) in the Russian Language: Style and Genre Characteristics (Article 3)

The article discusses one of the written assignments – narrative essays – practiced in the framework of the RF Basic State Exam in the Russian language. The stylistic and genre features of such essays, which are created in the form of interpretation of a given word or phrase (15.3), are analysed. Recommendations on avoiding typical mistakes when writing the essays are provided. Essay samples and analytical commentaries are given. It is shown that this type of essays must comply with the norms of texts written in the scientific and journalistic style.

La sintaxis del elativo en árabe clásico y árabe moderno escrito

El presente estudio ofrece una visión diacrónica de algunas de las construcciones propias del elativo árabe, partiendo de las etapas tempranas del árabe clásico. Desde entonces, el elativo ha experimentado un desarrollo notable y ha producido varios usos sintácticos desconocidos para los gramáticos árabes clásicos. Especialmente interesante es la evolución histórica y las relaciones semánticas entre las tres estructuras que expresan habitualmente la noción del superlativo en el árabe escrito moderno: 1) elativo + sustantivo singular indeterminado en genitivo (akbaru madīnatin), 2) elativo + sustantivo ñural determinado en genitivo (akbaru l-muduni), y 3) elativo usado como atributo de un sustantivo determinado (al-madīnatu l-akbaru), todas ellas traducibles como “la ciudad más grande”, pero diferentes entre sí en ciertos aspectos. Se puede observar una tendencia a crear simetrías en el sistema sintáctico del elativo como atributo adjetival, por una parte, y, por otra parte, la forma de expresar una gradación comparativo - superlativo mediante la misma estructura sintáctica (atribución adjuetival) que solo difiere en cuanto a la (in)determinación. Además, una estructura que solo se documenta de forma marginal en árabe clásico, es decir, los elativos de esquema C1uC2C3ā + sustantivo plural en genitive, pasa a ser usado de forma frecuente en el árabe escrito moderno. El plural que le corresponde, C1uC2C3āayāt, es una innovación cuya expansión, particularmente en el lenguaje periodístico, se puede atribuir a la tendencia a la desambiguación.

Psychological Endurance, Anxiety, and Coping Style among Journalists Engaged in Emergency Events: Evidence from China

During reports of emergency events, journalists experience psychological crisis and negative emotions aroused by the events. The psychological endurance of journalists, which is induced by high risks of the career, has attracted widespread attention. Emotional state and coping style are important factors that influence the psychological endurance of individuals. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of psychological endurance with anxiety and coping style among journalists engaged in emergency events. A total of 296 journalists in Hubei Province of China who participated in reports on emergency events from August to December 2017 were selected. Journalists were assessed using the Psychological Endurance Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. The total score of the psychological endurance of journalists engaged in emergency events is slightly lower than that of the Chinese norm. Score of anxiety of highly educated journalists is significantly higher than that of lowly educated journalists. Psychological endurance of journalists is negatively correlated with negative coping style and anxiety, but it is positively correlated with positive coping style. Positive coping style of journalists engaged in emergency events partially mediates the effects of psychological endurance on anxiety. Among journalists engaged in emergency events, the highly educated group presents obvious anxiety and negative coping style. Psychological endurance indirectly affects through positive coping style and directly affects anxiety of journalists.

Karoronga, kele’a, talanoa, tapoetethakot and va: expanding millennial notions of a ‘Pacific way’ journalism education and media research culture

As critical issues such as climate change, exploited fisheries, declining human rights, and reconfiguration of political systems inherited at independence increasingly challenge the microstates of Asia-Pacific, approaches to news media and journalism education are also under strain. University-based journalism education was introduced to the South Pacific in Papua New Guinea at independence in 1975 and in Fiji at the regional University of the South Pacific in 1987, while Technical Vocational Educational and Training institutions have been a more recent addition in the region. Some scholars argue there is little difference between Pacific and Western approaches to journalism, or that some journalism schools are too focused on Western media education, while others assert there is a distinctive style of journalism in Oceania with cultural variations based on the country where it is practiced and parallels with some approaches in Asia such as “mindful journalism.” This paper examines a “Pacific way” journalism debate which echoes a regional political concept coined by the late Fiji president, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. The paper argues for a greater appreciation of the complexities of media cultures in Pacific nations and proposes a more nuanced, reflexive approach to journalism in the Pacific region. This is reflected in a “talanoa journalism” model that he advocates as a more culturally appropriate benchmark than monocultural media templates.

A Personalized Self-image: Gender and Branding Practices Among Journalists

As the field of journalism becomes increasingly unrecognizable, the messages that identify the journalist, their work, and their affiliations are of increasing importance. This study envisions journalism and social media both as gendered spaces and examines their intersection as the setting of much of journalists’ branding work. In this setting, gender’s influence on the extent, style, and target of journalists’ branding efforts is examined using data from two different datasets (content analysis and survey). The findings suggest that female journalists take a more personalized approach by speaking about themselves in their profiles and their tweets and focusing more resources and attention on their individual brands. This suggests that female journalists are not well served by male-dominated news organizations and therefore turn to a more personalized self-image in their branding efforts. This understanding is particularly important as societies and newsrooms both work toward a more inclusive, egalitarian future.

Plan S: in Service or Disservice to Society?

The controversial plan for scientific research publications to be published in compliant Open Access Journals or on compliant Open Access Platforms is discussed. The article has been co-published with permission in European Heart Journal and British Journal of Pharmacology. The articles are identical except for minor stylistic and spelling differences in keeping with each journal's style. Either citation can be used when citing this article.

Publisher Correction: The current state and future directions of RNAi-based therapeutics.

The use of the names for patisiran has been made consistent throughout the article in line with the journal style and typographical errors have been corrected.

El papel de un teólogo en los medios: rigor y sensibilidad en Olegario González de Cardedal

En estas páginas, abordamos la contribución de un teólogo a la sociedad a través de sus artículos en prensa, participación en tertulias y entrevistas. Desde la Transición democrática hasta estos últimos años, nos acercamos a la obra de este profesor, referencia obligada en el mundo de la Teología, en su estilo más ameno, directo e incluso periodístico.