Communication Style Research Articles

Hospitalized Adolescents' Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health Discussions.

Experts recommend that providers discuss adolescent patients' sexual and reproductive health (SRH) at any health care encounter, including hospitalizations. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain insight into hospitalized adolescents' experiences and perspectives on SRH discussions (SHDs) to better inform patient-centered care. Private semistructured interviews were conducted with hospitalized adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Interviews were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes were developed through an iterative process with focus on the primary research aim. Twenty participants were interviewed with a median age of 15.4 years. Adolescents expressed a range of preferences related to SHDs with providers. Themes included (1) experiences discussing SRH with providers, (2) SHDs during hospitalization, (3) communication preferences, and (4) perceptions of why providers initiate SHDs. Viewpoints about SHDs during hospitalizations varied, including that they addressed unmet needs, as well as that they seemed irrelevant to some participants. Aspects that facilitate SHDs include brevity with relevant depth, nonjudgmental provider demeanor, and reassurance of privacy. Some participants believed providers could judge the depth of discussion needed on the basis of the adolescent's age or personality. This study highlights variation in adolescents' preferences around SHDs with health care providers. Providers should initiate SHDs with statements of purpose and confidentiality. Given the variation in adolescents' perspectives, tools to privately collect self-reported behaviors before an SHD may help providers frame the conversation to the adolescent's specific SRH needs and communication style preferences.

Housing activists' science communication: online practices as contextual and reflexive

Based on an understanding of science communication as `social conversation about science', in this paper we explore how technoscientific knowledge is communicated through housing activists' use of online media. We analyse collaborative housing groups in Vienna and find that their online communication practices are contextual and reflexive: technoscientific knowledges are always contextualised through the activists' political issues, while the activists constantly reflect on and negotiate their means and style of communication. The case both offers insights into the diverse ways and sites in which public sense-making about science takes place, and inspiration for other forms of science communication.

Hambatan Komunikasi dan Penyelesaian Konflik Dalam Negosiasi Bisnis

Modern business, whether in trade of goods or services, is experiencing rapid growth that contributes to the global economy. However, globalization and technological advancements have brought challenges in communication and conflict resolution, especially in cross-cultural negotiations. This research aims to investigate communication barriers and conflict resolution strategies in the context of multicultural business negotiations, focusing on factors influencing intercultural communication and effective approaches to conflict resolution. A literature review approach is employed in this study. Data is collected from various related literature, including books, scientific journals, and articles discussing communication barriers and conflict resolution in business from 2015 to 2024. The data is critically analyzed to identify the relationship between communication barriers and conflict resolution in business negotiations. The research results indicate that language differences, communication styles, social norms, business ethics, and perceptions of time are major barriers in intercultural communication that can disrupt business negotiations. These barriers often lead to misunderstandings and conflicts that can damage business relationships. Additionally, interest-based approaches and Pancasila-based deliberation are identified as effective conflict resolution strategies, emphasizing the values of democracy, kinship, and mutual cooperation.

Demystifying the Discourse: Techniques to Effective Academic Writing

Academic writing is a distinct style of communication with its own set of conventions and purposes. It goes beyond simply expressing personal opinions to engaging in a scholarly conversation, critically analysing existing knowledge, and presenting well-reasoned arguments supported by evidence. This paper aims to unpack the often-opaque world of academic writing, presenting a toolbox of techniques for writers to craft clear and impactful texts. Drawing on genre theory developed by Miller (1984), the study will analyse common academic writing structures and the rhetorical moves employed within them. Genre theory offers a valuable framework for untangling the complexities of academic writing. Using a critical literature review methodology, the paper will synthesize existing research on effective academic writing strategies. This analysis will identify key elements such as establishing context, presenting arguments, and integrating sources. The paper is designed to be accessible to a broad audience, providing writers with the tools and frameworks necessary to not only understand academic writing but also to confidently participate in scholarly conversations.

Enhancing Sustainable Safety Practices in Construction: Insights from Cultural and Socio-Economic Analysis

Exploring cultural diversity and socio-economic factors offers a holistic approach to fostering sustainable safety practices within the construction industry. This study investigates the relationship between cultural and socio-economic factors and their influence on safety practices within the construction industry, focusing specifically on Saudi Arabian construction. Employing a comparative research design, data were gathered through a questionnaire distributed among various stakeholders, including construction workers, safety officers, project managers, supervisors, and other professionals involved in construction projects. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to analyze the relationships between cultural, socio-economic, and safety practices. The findings showed significant associations of cultural and socio-economic factors with safety practices and attitudes. Specifically, positive workplace norms and values, effective communication styles, higher income levels, and better education and literacy levels were found to positively influence adherence to safety guidelines and the effectiveness of training programs. Conversely, job insecurity exhibited a negative impact on safety-related outcomes and training effectiveness. This study demonstrates the importance of fostering a positive safety culture within organizations, emphasizing leadership commitment, effective communication, and employee engagement. It also highlights the significance of addressing socio-economic factors, such as job security, income levels, and education, to promote a safer work environment and enhance safety practices. Practical implications derived from the research findings offer actionable insights for organizations to develop targeted interventions aimed at improving sustainable safety practices and training effectiveness within the construction industry in Saudi Arabia.

Pragmatic Language Style Found in Hotel Industry in Labuanbajo: A Cyberspace Linguistics Study

It is acceptable if educators who utilize ESC sources as teaching aids continue to center their efforts on ESP. However, people's thought patterns and linguistic behaviors have changed in step with shifts in people's mindsets, particularly those of hotel service consumers who are experts in hotel services. This article focuses on analyzing the lexical meanings and language styles that the hotel business frequently utilizes to market its goods and services online. In addition, the way that hotel visitors write in their remarks on Tripadvisor. The ultimate goal of this research is to give vocational schools the knowledge they need to teach language in a way that corresponds with the forms and styles of communication that are now in use in the hotel sector. This study's methodology is qualitative, employing an ethnographic technique approach to the research design. Zgusta's (1971) lexical meaning was the theoretical frameworks employed in this research. The findings of the study indicate that informative language forms are more frequently employed than contentious ones. Presupposed meaning, evoked meaning, expressive meaning and propositional meaning are the three forms of lexical meaning that are frequently employed in hotel industry and guests’ comments.

INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS AND SPEAKING ANXIETY: INSIGHTS FROM A META-SYNTHETIC ANALYSIS

This study presents a comprehensive meta-synthetic analysis of speaking anxiety among Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Speaking anxiety is a common challenge that significantly impacts the language acquisition process, affecting learners' confidence, performance, and overall proficiency. The meta-synthesis method was employed to integrate and interpret findings from multiple qualitative and quantitative studies conducted in the Indonesian context. The analysis reveals several key factors contributing to speaking anxiety, including fear of negative evaluation, lack of confidence in language proficiency, and cultural influences on communication styles. Additionally, the study highlights the role of educational environments and teacher-student dynamics in exacerbating or alleviating anxiety. The findings suggest that targeted interventions, such as supportive teaching practices, anxiety-reducing classroom activities, and the development of a positive learning environment, can effectively mitigate speaking anxiety. This meta-synthesis provides valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers aiming to enhance EFL education in Indonesia by addressing the psychological barriers to effective language learning. By synthesizing diverse perspectives and empirical evidence, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of speaking anxiety in the Indonesian EFL context and offers practical recommendations for fostering a more conducive learning atmosphere for language learners.

Parents' Experiences of Communicating With Children About Their Diagnosis of Nonterminal Cancer and Its Related Issues: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

Many children experience serious symptoms when they are diagnosed with and treated for cancer. Through appropriate parent-child communication, parents were able to identify children's physical and psychological problems, adjust their behavior, and help them cope with the disease. This study aimed to systematically search for and integrate evidence from qualitative studies on communication between parents and children with nonterminal cancer from parents' perspectives. A thorough systematic review and metasynthesis of qualitative studies were conducted. Articles were searched from PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PsycArticles from the database inception to November 6, 2022. After screening and quality appraisal, 14 articles were finally included in the metasynthesis. Three themes and 11 subthemes were identified: (1) communication content, including diagnosis, treatment, health management, health risk, and emotion; (2) factors influencing communication, including ages of children, parents' experience of communication, parents' awareness of protection, and culture; and (3) children's responses, including acceptance and resistance. This systematic review found that parents were influenced by various factors during the decision-making process of parent-child communication about childhood cancer and its related issues. Parents tended to adjust their communication content and style to protect their children. Future research should be conducted to explore children's experiences of communicating with their parents and analyze the similarities and differences between the communication needs of parents and children. Healthcare professionals should provide professional communication guidance to facilitate the parent-child relationship and improve the mental health of both children and their parents.

Social media communication and public engagement in different health crisis stages: The framing of COVID-19 in Chinese official media

Effective government social media communication plays a crucial role in mitigating public panic amid various public health crises, such as the H1N1 pandemic, the Ebola epidemic, the Zika epidemic, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. A research gap exists in investigating government official social media communication strategies and effects on public engagement at specific COVID-19 crisis stages. This study examines the COVID-19 communication strategies the Chinese government used and the corresponding effects on public engagement at different COVID-19 crisis stages on social media. The Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication Model, Framing Theory, and Situational Crisis Communication Theory are combined to develop a conceptual framework. Content analysis and coding were performed on two dimensions: health content theme (four sub-dimensions) and transparent communication style (three sub-dimensions). Public engagement was measured by the number of shares, comments, and likes. The results indicate a strong need for disease prevention information at the initial event/maintenance and resolution stages, while reassurance and government actions are highly valued at the resolution stage. Interactive features promote public engagement in key crisis stages.

Peran Komunikasi Efektif Kepala Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Kerja Guru

The headmaster's communication style can cause misinterpretation and ambiguity in delivering messages to teachers. This type of study is qualitative research with a descriptive method. The subjects of this study were the headmaster and ten teachers of SMP Negeri 2 Sijunjung. The instrument of this study was an interview sheet, collecting data through interviews. The data collected were analyzed using a thematic approach. The results of the study findings show that the communication carried out by the headmaster to motivate teachers includes the ability to deliver messages clearly, an inclusive leadership style and focuses on community building, the role of the headmaster as a facilitator in the decision-making process, routine communication, support in overcoming problems faced by teachers, and the application of effective communication practices such as transparency, empathetic approach, building interpersonal relationships, and providing constructive feedback to teachers. In conclusion, the headmaster's communication is essential in increasing teachers' work motivation to create a positive work environment and improve the quality of education.

Identifying Vital Factors for Enhancing Safety Communication among Foreign Construction Field Workers

Enhancing safety communication within the construction industry is of paramount importance due to its potential in curtailing occupational injuries and improving the overall well-being of construction field workers. While the importance of improved communication is apparent, few studies have been focused on identifying the factors that positively influence communication, particularly in the context of safety. Especially in the case of foreign construction field workers (FCFWs), who often face communication challenges stemming from language and cultural differences, performing labor tasks in harsh and constantly changing environments is contributing significantly to the increasing rate of industrial accidents. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the vital factors that impact safety communication among FCFWs. A phenomenological qualitative method was applied to determine the vital factors influencing the safety communication among FCFWs. On applying the analytical hierarchy process, the factors and their importance were determined, and the vital factors were identified. Quantitative assessment through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) established that extrinsic motivation (weight: 0.513), management communication style (0.264), and visible safety information (0.127) significantly overshadow other factors in safety communication effectiveness, validating their pivotal roles. However, a major limitation is that interview data were collected from workers of only four nationalities. Future studies should address this by expanding the range of nationalities included to enhance the diversity of experiences and perspectives from a broader variety of foreign construction field workers.

Students’ Communication Styles in Speaking Class at Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat

This research is aimed at finding out the types of students’ communicatin styles in speaking class. In teaching and learning proccess, the students ofcourse have different communication styles. It depends on the students’ skill and readiness in performing their skill of communication in speaking class. This research, then belongs to descriptive with qualitative approach. The researcher used random sampling to determine the participants. There are 54 videos of the students’s speaking collected, meanwhile the researcher only takes 11 documents as the participants. The instruments of this research are video recordings and document checklists. There are three communication styles that the researcher concerned with, namely passive, aggessive, and assertive. From the research findings, it can be obviously stated that there are two communication styles found from the students’ speaking performace- they are passive and assertive. In brief, aggressive style is not found at all.

Visual Storytelling: A Contemporary Approach to Online Journalism for the Millennial Generation

This case study examines the topic of digital visual content, information dissemination, art, and culture for local Indonesian products on the Instagram account Folkative. Folkative is a company targeting a young audience, primarily millennials. Founded to inspire, inform, and represent the diverse creative culture of Indonesian youth, Folkative accomplishes this through the creation of content and interactive online events aimed at the youth of today. The communication style of the Folkative Instagram account has a significant impact on online activities and the evolution of millennial communication patterns. This research employs a qualitative approach using the case study method. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with 5 informants selected through purposive sampling criteria. The results of this study indicate that the form of content, quality perception, and reader attitudes support the dissemination of content through the Instagram account Folkative. Visual design, which presents the power of images, has become a suitable medium for storytelling, and it is favored by the millennial generation, particularly in the context of journalism. This transformation has shifted the style of journalism from traditional audio and text-based formats to visual art that narrates current and meaningful information for the audience, thus enhancing the literacy interests of the digital native generation.

Negotiation Strategies in International Diplomatic Conflicts in United States

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze negotiation strategies in international diplomatic conflicts in United States. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Findings on negotiation strategies in U.S. diplomatic conflicts highlight the use of coercive diplomacy, economic sanctions, and multilateral negotiations. These strategies involve bilateral talks, international organizations, and third-party mediation. Leverage, including military power and economic incentives, is employed to advance U.S. interests. Challenges arise from divergent interests and power dynamics. Success requires a balanced approach of assertiveness and flexibility. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Game theory, constructivism & distributive and integrative bargaining may be used to anchor future studies on the negotiation strategies in international diplomatic conflicts in United States. Provide negotiators with training and resources to enhance their cross-cultural competence, including understanding cultural values, communication styles, and negotiation norms. Invest in the development of mediation and third-party intervention mechanisms to facilitate diplomatic negotiations in international conflicts.

Exploring EFL Teachers’ Teaching Styles at a Junior Secondary School

The study aimed to find out the teachers’ teaching styles applied at SMP Telkom Makassar, students’ perceptions, and the teachers’ obstacles faced during teaching. This study was categorized as qualitative research, and the data was collected through observation, TSI questionnaire, and interview. There were six participants in this study, consisting of three teachers, and three students. The findings of this research showed that: (1) Teachers respectively applied various teaching styles in teaching English in the classroom and no one teacher applied only one style in teaching, they applied as a facilitator, delegator, formal authority, personal, expert, academic style, audiolingual, communicative style, and task-based learning style. The dominant teaching styles applied by the participants are facilitator and delegator styles. (2) The students’ perceptions, they feel comfortable learning English with their teachers because their teachers applied various styles to teach not only focusing on the book, but their teachers providing the material using interesting PPT, audio-video conversation, ice-breaking, and games to make their class fun. Another activity that the students enjoyed learning English like discussion with pairs or groups and the atmosphere that is built by the teachers such as interaction with other students, never judging, and yelling at students when they make a mistake. (3) The obstacle that the participants faced during teaching they were exhausted from teaching in large classes that consisted of many students with different characteristics and abilities. Sometimes, they are confused about the method or strategy, and media that are suitable for their students that can increase their ability in English.

Managing Negative WOM on Social Media: Impact of Accommodative Versus Defensive Strategies, Reputation, and Communication Style on Consumer Responses

abstract: This study examined optimal strategies for companies managing negative social media comments, viewing these situations as public relations opportunities to build relationships and reduce negative word of mouth. Utilizing SCCT and attribution theory and public relations literature on two-way communication and relationship building, a 2×2×2 full factorial experiment was conducted with consumer samples. Results show that effective management of negative comments on social media can build stakeholder relationships and yield positive outcomes. However, the effectiveness of the response strategy depends on the company’s existing reputation. For companies with a positive reputation, a defensive strategy is more effective in reducing perceived responsibility, whereas, for those with a poor reputation, response strategy choice has minimal impact. Two-way communication enhances external attribution, which is especially beneficial for disreputable companies using a defensive strategy. External attribution positively influences trust and satisfaction, ultimately affecting corporate outcomes.

Sociopragmatic Variations: Addressing Practices of Pakistani English Speakers in Multilingual Academic Setting

The study aims to identify the set of address forms used between Pakistani bi-/multilingual faculty members in university settings when speaking English. We highlight the impact of sociocultural and bi-/multilingual identity in English on the speakers' choices in formal and informal contexts. We have limited our data between teacher-teacher interactions through a questionnaire-survey of 90 participants. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v.20; adescriptive test was performed on the obtained data along with ethnographical observation. The result indicates the impact of the cultural and pragmatic variations in the use of address forms while interacting in English. Moreover, the multilingual situation influenced the addressing forms as observed when participants selected the native language's terms of address based on symmetrical and asymmetrical contexts. The faculty interactions showed differences in the styles of communication based on the interlocutor and the situation. These findings have large implications in sociolinguistics, sociopragmatic, academic discourse, and intercultural communication. Keywords: Address forms, Sociopragmatic, Variations, Cultural Values, Multilinguals, Teacher-teacher, Interactions.

WEB COMMUNICATION: IMPLEMENTING A RESTFUL WEB API IN C# .NET 8 USING CLEAN ARCHITECTURE

Web communication technology forms today a crucial component of web- and cloud-based information processing. One of the key approaches in this area is REST (Fielding, 2000), which today coexists with other technologies, in particular GraphQL and gRPC. In this paper we focus on implementing REST-based web communication components using the latest version of C#/.NET SDK (.NET 8 LTS, released on 14.11.2023). In the first part, we discuss the concept of a RESTful network architecture and summarize the features which allow to define the communication style as RESTful. Next sections focus on C# implementation patterns specific for .NET such as minimal Web API and API controllers. Finally, a standardized approach for web API implementation in .NET based on Clean Architecture is discussed and tested. One of the main conclusions from this work is that the latest version of C#/.NET provides an attractive toolset for development of RESTful communication architectures, as it allows for efficient and well-structured implementation.

OncoGPT: Enhancing oncological decision-making with ASCO guideline–trained AI.

e13607 Background: General-purpose language models like ChatGPT, while proficient in a wide array of topics, often lack the specialized knowledge and precision required for specific fields such as oncology. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines offer a comprehensive resource for oncology professionals, yet sifting through extensive documents for specific information can be daunting. To bridge this gap, we introduce OncoGPT, a specialized GPT model, tailored to provide precise and guideline-adherent oncological advice. Methods: We leveraged GPT-4's advanced language understanding capabilities as the foundation for OncoGPT. This customization involved an extensive training regimen using the complete text of the ASCO clinical guidelines. The training process was meticulously designed to ensure that OncoGPT not only assimilates the detailed information within these guidelines but also understands the context and intricacies of oncological care. Additionally, we created disease-specific versions of OncoGPT, each fine-tuned with guideline subsets pertinent to particular oncological conditions. Further, the training was augmented with specific prompts to foster kind, sincere, and respectful interactions, especially for patient-oriented responses. The model was designed to discern whether the user is a healthcare professional or a patient and adjust the complexity of its responses accordingly. For patients, additional emphasis was placed on delivering information in a kind, responsible, and empathetic manner. Results: OncoGPT's performance was rigorously evaluated for accuracy and reasoning against real-world clinical scenarios. The responses generated by the model were meticulously reviewed by an experienced oncologist to confirm adherence to ASCO guidelines and clinical relevance. This assessment revealed a high level of precision and contextual understanding in OncoGPT's outputs, demonstrating its potential as a valuable tool for oncology practitioners. Importantly, it showed a remarkable ability to tailor its communication style based on the user's background, providing simplified explanations for patients and more detailed responses for professionals. An example of a specific OncoGPT: Breast Cancer OncoGPT: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-VcuECT3jg-oncogpt-breast-cancer Conclusions: OncoGPT represents a significant advancement in the application of AI for medical decision-making. By integrating the depth of ASCO guidelines into a responsive and accurate AI model, OncoGPT offers oncology professionals a powerful tool for accessible, guideline-compliant advice. This development marks a crucial step towards integrating AI more profoundly into specialized medical fields, enhancing both the efficiency and accuracy of clinical decision-making.

Perception of Headteacher's Communication Style and Teachers’ Motivation to Participate in Government Secondary School Activities in Sheema District Uganda

The study investigated the perception of head teachers` communication style and teachers' motivation to participate in secondary school activities in government-aided secondary schools in Sheema District Western Uganda. The study employed a parallel mixed model design for data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Purposive sampling was used to select 10 head teachers from 10 government-aided secondary schools in Sheema District Western Uganda. 186 teachers out of 371 teachers from the 10 schools in Sheema District Western Uganda participated in the study. Simple Random sampling was used to arrive at teachers. There was a significant and positive relationship between the perception of head teachers' communication style and teachers' motivation to participate in school activities (𝑟=0.386, 𝑝<0.01). This relationship was mediated by Perceived Supervisor Support which presented itself as being positively and significantly related to supervisor communication (𝑟=0.399, 𝑝<0.01) as well as to the intrinsically motivating factors (𝑟=0.408, 𝑝<0.01). The perception of the communication style of the head teacher influences the morals and morale of teachers by 15%. Hence there is a need for head teachers to organize and plan concerning why, what, when, where, and whom to communicate (hence the 5Ws communication rule). Therefore, from the study findings, non-monetary forms of motivation are important factors in motivating teachers. This is because 15% of teachers' motivation is contributed by head teachers' communication style; 16% by Perceived Supervisor Support and 20% by Perceived Organization Support. Thus, the study recommended that head teachers should always recognize the strong points by for example saying "thank you" and avoid evaluating and observing the weak points only.