Changes In Style Research Articles

The Application of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) in Apparel Manufacturing and Operator Training

The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) into various industries has revolutionized training, production processes, and operational efficiency. The apparel industry faces challenges in operator training, resulting in decreased productivity and increased errors when frequent style change occurs. The creation of an AR/VR system for training purposes could serve as a valuable tool. In the sewing and apparel industry, these technologies have been gaining attention for their potential to streamline processes, enhance skill development, and optimize operator training. This study contributes to the apparel industry by introducing innovative education and training methods, enhancing the skills and knowledge of professionals, and improving manufacturing efficiency and quality and the other broader benefits these technologies offer.

SICOB Italian clinical practice guidelines for the surgical treatment of obesity and associated diseases using GRADE methodology on bariatric and metabolic surgery.

Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality and reduced quality of life. Pharmacotherapy can be associated with life style changes in increasing and maintaining weight loss and ameliorating obesity-related complications and comorbidities. In patients affected by obesity and uncontrolled obesity-associated complications or high degrees of BMI (> 40 Kg/m2), metabolic bariatric surgery can be a valid therapeutic option. Many different types of surgical procedures have been developed in last decades, mainly performed via laparoscopic approaches. However, clinical indications for metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and the choice of the most appropriate type of procedure have not been clarified so far.The Italian Society of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery for Obesity (Società Italiana di Chirurgia dell'Obesità e delle Malattie Metaboliche-SICOB) decided to design and develop the updated version of the Italian guidelines aimed at assisting healthcare professionals in the choice of the surgical option for the treatment of obesity and related conditions. Between June and October 2022, a panel of 24 experts and an evidence review team (ERT, 10 members), participated in the definition of clinical questions, outcomes, and recommendations and collected and analyzed all the available evidence on the basis of pre-specified search strategies. GRADE methodology and PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) conceptual framework have been adopted for the development of the present guidelines. Aim of the present guideline is to verify indications to surgery with respect to the presence of comorbid conditions, evaluate the different types of surgical approaches and endoscopic bariatric procedure and revise indication to revision surgery and postoperative procedures.

Dermatographia in oral cavity unveiled: A case study

Dermatographia is a form of physical urticaria, quite uncommon in oral cavity characterized by elevated skin following localized erythema, oedema, and a flare-up reaction around it. It is usually induced by any blunt object or minor trauma and usually does not affect the routine life of the patient. Here we present a case report of a 20 year old male with the chief complaint of elevation on skin from a blunt object. On his physical examination with the consent of the patient we induced the condition in the department by asking the patient to write the letter ‘D’ on his flexural arm using the blunt end of the pen. After 5 min, the elevations on his skin began to appear which raised drastically with time. It remained on the skin for about an hour and then fainted on it’s own over time. During intraoral examination we also induced similar strokes on his buccal mucosa and surprisingly a linear elevation was produced along the line of blunt pen which was reddish in colou. No treatment was provided as the condition did not affect the quality life of the patient. Pharmacological therapy may include oral antihistamines, such as cetirizine or loratadine, to alleviate pruritus and reduce the frequency of wheal formation. Topical corticosteroids, such as triamcinolone acetonide or betamethasone, can be applied to affected sites for localized anti-inflammatory effects. In Ayurveda, the use of internal Ayurvedic medicines like, ‘Aragwadha amritadi kashaya’, ‘Ayaskriti’, ‘Varanadi kashaya’ and ‘Dashamoola hareetaki’ are recommended along with dietary restrictions and life style changes.

How Public Relation Exist and Operate in the Organisation?

With the development of technology and the change of life style, organisations are seeking more effectiveness and efficient way to practice the public relations. How public relation works in the organisations has been studies extensively. This essay will focus on how public relation exist and operate in the organisation from three different aspects which are traditional media, social media and stakeholder engagement which link one-way or two-way Grunig and Hunt’s models. The one-way or two-way Grunig and Hunt’s models will be explained in the essay as well. Moreover, the essay will take M&M’s chocolate, Brisbane City Council and Manila Water Company as three examples to testify how the three approaches working in the public relations in society. Finally, it is recommended that the organisations are better to choose the suitable method basing on the organisations’ strategy and which ethical framework they applied.

Gothic Locks: Pioneering Drawings for Hydraulic Works in 16th-Century Holland

Just as Gothic cathedrals have long dominated the perception of medieval architecture, the spectacular drawings of the German lodges have shaped our view of the medieval design process. However, their towering importance has diverted scholarly attention from alternative drafting practices and reinforced the view of a homogeneous Gothic design practice based on quadrature. Historians generally accept that in the 16th century a new Renaissance graphic language challenged and ultimately replaced the Gothic tradition north of the Alps. However, this antagonistic narrative of one dominant practice superseding the other needs to be re-examined because hitherto neglected drawings for other types of buildings reveal that medieval drafting practice was more varied and open to new developments than is often believed. This paper will examine three rare sets of architectural drawings, together consisting of over thirty sheets, made for three stone sluices in the provinces of Utrecht and Holland between 1556 and 1563. They show that for technically demanding hydraulic works, drawings directed every step of the process, from enabling discussion of the most suitable design to guiding the stonemasons in the execution of the work. Moreover, they demonstrate that for such projects, Gothic masters did not adhere to tradition but engaged with new design methods, using scale, colour, and multiple views to convey all aspects of the project, thus indicating that changes in style and method were not always interrelated.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modifications in Managing Hypertension Among Adults

Background: The significant risk factor for cardiovascular illnesses is hypertension. Changes in nutrition, exercise, and stress have the ability to lower blood pressure. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to assess the results of life style changes such as diet, exercise and quitting smoking etc. for control of hypertension in adults. Methodology: A prospective, randomized controlled was conducted from September 2023 till august 2024.Total 500 adults with hypertension were selected. Participants were divided into two groups, one who was taking the standard antihypertensive therapy and the other who was taking the standard therapy plus guided behaviour change counselling. The biomarkers like systolic and distolic blood pressure, weight, physical activity, salt intake and smoking were recorded initially and after 12 months of intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, involved t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables, with p≤0.05 considered significant. Results: The results showed that intervention group experienced substantial decrease in SBP (-14.2 mmHg, p<0.001) and DBP (-9.6 mmHg, p<0.001), whereas the control group experienced lower reductions (-6.4 mmHg, p<0.01) and DBP (-4.2 mmHg, p<0.01). Furthermore, 75% of patients in the intervention group met their goal blood pressure, compared to 50% in the control group (p<0.001). The intervention group had considerably greater levels of lifestyle adherence, such as physical exercise and a low-salt diet (p<0.001). Conclusion: Combining lifestyle management with traditional antihypertensive treatment considerably improves blood pressure control and lifestyle adherence, providing a comprehensive approach to hypertension management.

Dissatisfaction with professional accountant training: the role of learning styles

PurposePrior research finds that early-career professional accountants (early PAs) are generally dissatisfied with the learning and training opportunities offered during their early employment years, which impacts their career progression. This paper aims to examine whether different learning styles between these early PAs and their qualified accounting employers and trainers diverge.Design/methodology/approachUsing Kolb’s learning styles inventory and interviews, this study explores the learning styles of early PAs and their employers, examining changes in these learning styles over time.FindingsThis research shows the necessity for different learning styles to be integrated into early PA training and learning, as research participants’ learning styles tend to prefer active experimentation requiring practical examples and self-learning opportunities. In contrast, their senior, qualified accounting employers prefer conceptualisation-based learning styles. As early PAs’ career progression requires them to succeed in employer-supported training, some early PAs change their learning style preferences to progress, whereas others with incompatible learning styles either moved to different employers or reassessed their choice of profession.Practical implicationsTo reduce career dissatisfaction, develop and retain competent accountants, early PAs must be supported to learn effectively. By reducing early PAs’ dissatisfaction early PA educators and employers will potentially increase the attractiveness of accounting as a profession.Originality/valueFew studies interrogate how accounting professionals utilise learning and training post-graduation nor do they examine the learning styles of workplace trainers and learners. This exploratory study uniquely analyses the learning styles of both early PAs and their employers.

Transitions of care for adolescents with disorders of gut-brain interaction.

Little is known about the experience of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) who transition from pediatric to adult gastroenterology care. In this two-part study, we used quantitative and qualitative methods to: (1) assess incidence of optimal versus suboptimal transitions of care for AYA with DGBI, (2) characterize health and quality of life effects of the transition, and (3) identify barriers and facilitators for optimal transition of care. In Part 1, we conducted a retrospective review of AYA referrals to our adult neurogastroenterology clinic who had transitioned from pediatric gastroenterology care (N = 109, 17-23 years, 72% female). We collected demographic, psychosocial, and healthcare utilization data to determine rate and risk factors for suboptimal transitions. In Part 2, we recruited 24 AYA and parents (n = 19 AYA, n = 5 parents) for completion of a survey and semistructured interview, which was analyzed using validated rapid qualitative analysis method. In Part 1, 20% (22/109) of AYA met the criteria for suboptimal transition of care, which was associated with treatment adherence concern and functional impairment. In Part 2, we identified two principal themes: (1) AYA's health and quality of life are impacted during the transition, and (2) parental involvement and collaboration with pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) are facilitators to successful transitions, whereas access to care and practice style change are barriers. AYA with DGBI have high rates of suboptimal care transitions, affecting their health and quality of life. Our study highlights the need for a comprehensive approach that incorporates parents and pediatric providers.

The Prevalence and Management of Diabetes Mellitus Among Educated and Uneducated Populations in Pakistan. A comparative study

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing public health challenge globally, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. Education plays a crucial role in DM management and awareness. Objective: The aim of this work was to compare the rate and the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) in educated and uneducated people of Pakistan. Methodology: This comparative study was conducted on 500 participants out of which 300 has been given formal education that is at least secondary education whereas 200 has no formal education that is they have dropped out at least at primary level. Diabetes prevalence, awareness, and management and lifestyle practices data were collected using structured questionnaires and blood glucose measurements. Data analysis was done with SPSS v 25.0, where chi-squared tests and logistic regression were used to assess the relationship of educational status with DM prevalence and its management. Results: The result showed that DM was higher among the uneducated group which was 32% compare to the educated group which was 18%. The participants who were educated had better understanding of DM, better compliance with the prescribed drug regimen and improved life style changes. On the other hand, the uneducated group had poor disease knowledge and worst management hence poor management of their disease condition. Conclusion: Education has a great effect on the incidence and control of DM. The study implies that there is a significant lack of knowledge about DM among the uneducated population hence the need to conduct health education to create awareness and ensure proper management of DM.

Transforming medical students’ speaking-up behaviors in medical errors: The impact of simulation and personalized debriefing

Introduction Sharing mental models is essential for high-performance teams, and speaking up is key for exchanging critical insights, especially during medical errors. Understanding how health providers and trainees voice their concerns is crucial for improving speaking-up behavior. This study aims to fill a gap in the literature by examining how medical students speak up when they encounter medical errors and assessing the impact of training on their speaking-up patterns. Method A quasi-experimental study involving 146 students, who were divided into two groups, was conducted in Northern Taiwan. One group of students encountered life-threatening scenario before intervention, followed by a faculty-led personalized debriefing session, then a non-life-threatening scenario after the intervention. Another group of students underwent these sessions in the reverse order. Students’ Speaking-up patterns, including expression style, form and attitude, and their speaking-up confidence were assessed at pre- and post-intervention scenarios. Results During pre-intervention scenario, in expression style, 50 students (34.5%) addressed their concerns to medical errors with direct expression and 14 students (9.7%) utilized indirect hint to express their concerns. In expression form, 31 students (21.4%) addressed their concerns to medical errors with affirmative sentences and 33 students (22.8%) asked questions to express their concerns. In speaking-up attitude, 47 students (32.4%) used unoffensive words, while 17 students (11.7%) used offensive words. After intervention, significantly change of speaking-up styles, forms, and attitude were observed along with their speaking-up confidence (p < 0.001). Discussion Medical students are inclined to speak up in the event of medical errors using more direct expression and affirmative sentences, along with increased speaking-up confidence after simulation scenario learning and faculty-led personalized debriefing. Healthcare educators can focus more on discussing with students the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches of speaking-up in medical errors, helping them to develop effective speaking-up behaviors in a variety of medical contexts.

Peranan Objek Wisata dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat

This study aims to determine the process of developing the Pohon Seribu tourist attraction, and to determine the economic welfare of the community as business actors around the tourist attraction whether it is affected by the development of the Pohon Seribu tourist attraction in Kejorongan Pondok Sasak Ranah Pasisie District. This research uses qualitative methods by using data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. Qualitative method is a method that focuses on in-depth observation, therefore, the use of qualitative methods in research can produce a more comprehensive study of a phenomenon. The result of this research is that the development of Pohon Seribu tourist attraction has an impact on the economic welfare of the community around the tourist attraction. In the economic field, there is an increase in the livelihood of the surrounding community, there is a shift in livelihoods. As a result of the tourist attraction, the income received by the community has increased compared to before the tourist attraction. In addition to the economic field such as socio-culture, with the location of tourist attractions making the surrounding community to continue to interact with tourists who visit, this has an impact on improving the welfare of the community is a change in the mindset of the community for the better. Pohon Seribu tourist attraction results in changes in behaviour and better language style.

Lifestyle and Behavioural Changes of Adolescents during Pandemic Period

The COVID-19 had an impact on people’s social interaction and has brought changes to education, environment and economy. The whole world is under the effects of the COVID19 pandemic, which has put all nations in a unique lockdown situation to contain the disease. This unexpected lockdown has taken a toll on humans’ mental health. The effects of lockdown can affect the school as well as college students due to fear, anxiety and stress. This study intends to assess the adolescents' lifestyle and behavioural changes during Covid-19. The student’s Perception Scale was developed by the investigators. Survey method was employed to determine the perception of 120 students towards their life style and behavioural changes during Covid-19. The present study was conducted using an online survey and its designated link was distributed through social media. The findings of the study concluded that there is no significant difference in perception towards lifestyle and behavioural changes with respect to gender, age and type of family. The findings of the study further revealed that the type of institution has a significant effect on students’ perceptions of behavioural changes.

The Evolution of Worship Space in the Yungang Grottoes under the Influence of the Silk Road

With the spread of Buddhism, cave temples, originated from India, were introduced to Central Asia via the Silk Road, and then to mainland China. This foreign religious architecture took root in China and completed the process of gradual Sinicisation. The worship space defines the core of the cave temples architectural space. This article takes the Yungang Grottoes as an example to explore the evolution of Buddhist worship spaces. Indian Buddhist architecture has produced two most basic forms of worship spaceright-hand space and prostration spacewhereas in Central Asia, Buddhist architecture has undergone great changes in style, but the basic prototype of the worship space is still composed of Indian Buddhist principles: it still follows the two worship spaces of right rotation and prostration. In the Yungang Grottoes, the two worship space have been influenced by both native India and Western Central Asia, combining with the characteristics of the Han Dynasty to develop and evolve.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES IN L1 LEARNERS DUE TO L2 NONVERBAL CUES

This systematic review explores the influence of second language (L2) nonverbal cues on first language (L1) behaviours among learners. While existing research has primarily focused on verbal proficiency, the integration of nonverbal communication—encompassing gestures, facial expressions, body posture, and vocal tone—into L2 learning remains under examined. This study investigates the phenomenon of superimposition, where L2 learners adopt nonverbal cues that subsequently shape their L1 interactions. Through an interdisciplinary lens incorporating psycholinguistics, cross-cultural communication, and second language acquisition theories, we identify significant behavioural changes in L1 communication patterns, emotional expressiveness, and social interaction styles. Key areas of impact include alterations in facial expressions, gestural behaviours, eye contact, and paralanguage. Utilizing psychometric tools such as self-report surveys, observational studies, and vocal analysis, this review highlights the complexities of nonverbal communication across languages and cultures. Ultimately, our findings underscore the necessity of understanding nonverbal cue integration to enhance cross-cultural communication and support multilingual individuals in navigating diverse interaction contexts.

Content Analysis Tiktok on the Appearance Style of Teenagers in Belopa City, Luwu Regency

The TikTok application has become very popular among children, teenagers, and parents. No wonder that today's children have a cool and unique style of appearance, because they often see TikTok content that recommends trending outfits. This research is motivated by the impact of TikTok content on the appearance style of minors in Belopa City, Luwu Regency.This research uses a qualitative descriptive method of case study type. This study provides a picture of the reality of the impact of TikTok content that affects changes in children's appearance styles. This research is field research by making direct observations, in order to obtain accurate data, in accordance with the formulation of the problem in the research title (1) How is the impact of tiktok content on the appearance style of children under adolescence (2) Communication efforts made in preventing the negative impact of tiktok content. This research uses new media theory and imitation theory.The impact of TikTok content on the appearance style of minors which shows that the average teenage child begins to imitate to look like an adult through the TikTok application and uses the TikTok application as a tool for finding ideas for their outfit in appearance. The communication effort made is to educate their children properly and then their children want to listen to their parents in receiving advice.

Validity of Current Smartwatches for Triathlon Training: How Accurate Are Heart Rate, Distance, and Swimming Readings?

Smartwatches are one of the most relevant fitness trends of the past two decades, and they collect increasing amounts of health and movement data. The accuracy of these data may be questionable and requires further investigation. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to validate smartwatches for use in triathlon training. Ten different smartwatches were tested for accuracy in measuring heart rates, distances (via global navigation satellite systems, GNSSs), swim stroke rates and the number of swim laps in a 50 m Olympic-size pool. The optical heart rate measurement function of each smartwatch was compared to that of a chest strap. Thirty participants (15 females, 15 males) ran five 3 min intervals on a motorised treadmill to evaluate the accuracy of the heart rate measurements. Moreover, for each smartwatch, running and cycling distance tracking was tested over six runs of 4000 m on a 400 m tartan stadium track, six hilly outdoor runs over 3.4 km, and four repetitions of a 36.8 km road bike course, respectively. Three swimming protocols ranging from 200 m to 400 m were performed in triplicate in a 50 m Olympic-size pool, evaluating the tracked distance and the detected number of strokes. The mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) for the average heart rate measurements varied between 3.1% and 8.3%, with the coefficient of determination ranging from 0.22 to 0.79. MAPE results ranged from 0.8% to 12.1% for the 4000 m run on the 400 m track, from 0.2% to 7.5% for the 3.4 km outdoor run, and from 0.0% to 4.2% for the 36.8 km bike ride. For the swimming tests, in contrast, the deviations from the true distance varied greatly, starting at a 0.0% MAPE for the 400 m freestyle and reaching 91.7% for the 200 m medley with style changes every 25 m. In summary, for some of the smartwatches, the measurement results deviated substantially from the true values. Measurements taken while road cycling over longer distances with only a few curves were in relative terms more accurate than those taken during outdoor runs and even more accurate than those taken on the 400 m track. In the swimming exercises, the accuracy of the measured distances was severely deteriorated by the medley changes among the majority of the smartwatches. Altogether, the results of this study should help in assessing the accuracy and thus the suitability of smartwatches for general triathlon training.

Stratigraphic architecture of fluvial fans shaped by downstream changes in avulsion style

ABSTRACTNatural river diversion, or avulsion, controls the distribution of channels on a floodplain and channel sandstone bodies within fluvial stratigraphic architecture. Avulsions establish new flow paths and create channels through several recognized processes, or styles. These include reoccupying existing channels, or annexation, downcutting into the floodplain, or incision, and constructing new channels from crevasse‐splay distributary networks, or progradation. Recent remote sensing observations show that avulsion style changes systematically moving downstream along modern fluvial fans but, to date, no studies have assessed the significance of these trends on fluvial fan stratigraphy. Here, spatiotemporal changes in avulsion stratigraphy are investigated within the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation, deposited in the Cordilleran foreland basin during the Late Jurassic epoch. Measured sections and photographic panels were analysed from 23 locations across the Salt Wash extent. Avulsion style was identified in the stratigraphic record by the basal contact of a channel storey with underlying strata: channel–channel contacts indicate annexation, channel–floodplain contacts indicate incision and channel–heterolithic contacts indicate progradation. Contact types change downstream, such that channel–channel and channel–floodplain contacts dominate proximal locations, while channel–heterolithic contacts become increasingly prevalent downstream. Outcrop results were compared to a numerical model of fluvial fan formation and remote‐sensing analysis of avulsions on modern fans. In both additional datasets, channels in proximal fan positions tend to avulse via annexation, reoccupying abandoned channels, while channels in more distal positions tend to avulse via increasingly significant progradation. These findings suggest a relationship between newly recognized downstream changes in avulsion style and well‐established downstream changes in fluvial fan architecture. Furthermore, this suggests that fan architecture can inform interpretations of ancient fluvial dynamics, including avulsion behaviour, and that avulsions can cause stratigraphically significant and measurable changes to fan architecture.

Human Resource Management in the Transformative Digital Era

Digitalization in human resource management helps companies to modernize HR functions and gives them a competitive edge. At the same time, it requires a change in work style and require changes in demand for HR competencies. Study this aims to introduce the phenomenon of digitalization in literature, explore its current benefits and key risks, and analyze the competencies and role of HR professionals. Innovative strategies that can be applied in human resource management (HRM) to enhance organizational performance in the digital era. With rapid changes in technology and the business environment, organizations need to develop innovative approaches in managing their human resources. This research method is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. This research operationally examines various sources of literature relevant to the context of the above research. The data taken, identified in the following order: (1) data collection (2) data sorting (3) data analysis (4) conclusion making. As for data analysis, there is a predetermined sequence in accordance with the empirical steps taken, namely as follows: (1) Examination of data (2) suspected data findings, (3) Data confirmation (4) Diagnosis, (5) Action. The results obtained show that HR professionals tend to be a little reluctant to adopt technology the. The results of this research confirm the importance of digitalization in recent years for human resources and increasing demand for digital skills. Every organization should develop its digital strategy to improve productivity. In the present scenario, DHRM is considered a more significant and growing research topic as well as an important topic for a business organization. With the use of DHR practice and through social media, the internet, AI, and other technology organization can maintain their performance and employees' quality standard for the smooth running of the organization. In exploring "Strategic Human Resource Planning in the Era of Digital Transformation" through the Systematic Literature Review method, this research reveals important findings. Technology integration, especially through artificial intelligence, big data analysis and technology platforms, is proven to be a deep foundation in responsive and adaptive HR planning in the era of digital transformation. The success of this planning also depends heavily on the involvement of key stakeholders, particularly upper management and business units, who contribute to the identification of skills relevant to technological change.

Effects of anther-stigma position on cross-pollination efficiency in a hermaphroditic plant.

Evolution of cross-pollination efficiency depends on the genetic variation of flower traits, the pollen vector, and flower trait matching between pollen donors and recipients. Trait matching has been almost unexplored among nonheterostylous species, and we examined whether the match of anther length in pollen donors and stigma length in pollen recipients influences the efficiency of cross-pollination. To explore potential constraints for evolutionary response, we also quantified genetic variation and covariation among sepal length, petal length and width, stamen length, style length, and herkogamy. We created 58 experimental arrays of Turnera velutina that varied in the extent of mismatch in the position of anthers and stigmas between single-flowered plants. Genetic variation and correlations among flower traits were estimated under greenhouse conditions. Style length, but not herkogamy, influenced the efficiency of cross-pollination. Plants with stamen length that matched the style length of other plants were more efficient pollen donors, whereas those with the style protruding above the stamens of other plants were more efficient pollen recipients. Significant broad-sense heritability (0.22 > hB 2 < 0.42) and moderate genetic correlations (0.33 > r < 0.85) among floral traits were detected. Our results demonstrated that anther-stigma mismatch between flowers contributed to variation in the efficiency of cross-pollination. The genetic correlations between stamen length and other floral traits suggests that any change in cross-pollination efficiency would be driven by changes in style rather than in stamen length.

A Novel Adversarial Deep Learning Method for Substation Defect Image Generation.

The presence of defects in substation equipment is a major factor affecting the safety of power transmission. Therefore, timely and accurate detection of these defects is crucial. As intelligent inspection robots advance, using mainstream object detection models to diagnose surface defects in substation equipment has become a focal point of current research. However, the lack of defect image data is one of the main factors affecting the accuracy of supervised deep learning-based defect detection models. To address the issue of insufficient training data for defect images with complex backgrounds, such as rust and surface oil leakage in substation equipment, which leads to the poor performance of detection models, this paper proposes a novel adversarial deep learning model for substation defect image generation: the Abnormal Defect Detection Generative Adversarial Network (ADD-GAN). Unlike existing generative adversarial networks, this model generates defect images based on effectively segmented local areas of substation equipment images, avoiding image distortion caused by global style changes. Additionally, the model uses a joint discriminator for both overall images and defect images to address the issue of low attention to local defect areas, thereby reducing the loss of image features. This approach enhances the overall quality of generated images as well as locally generated defect images, ultimately improving image realism. Experimental results demonstrate that the YOLOV7 object detection model trained on the dataset generated using the ADD-GAN method achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 81.5% on the test dataset, and outperforms other image data augmentation and generation methods. This confirms that the ADD-GAN method can generate a high-fidelity image dataset of substation equipment defects.