Social Study Research Articles

Demystifying the Notion of Charisma: Micro-Ethnography on a Veteran-Teacher’s Classroom Practices

This IRB-approved and grounded in social semiotics theory micro-ethnographic case study was conducted within a longitudinal ethnography project and is focused on the teaching style of one veteran teacher in a public urban elementary school in the North-Eastern United States. The data in this qualitative micro-ethnographic case study were collected from multiple sources (e.g., field notes, observations, interviews, audio- and video-recordings). The interview data were analyzed using Saldaña’s (2013) thematic and value coding. The focus research participants’ verbal and non-verbal behaviors during her interactions with her students were analyzed in accordance with the micro-ethnographic research traditions. The above data were triangulated with the ones from the multimodal language analysis. This research found that teachers may set the goal and develop in themselves highly attractive for students so-called charismatic professional qualities.

Occupational balance and associated factors among students during higher education within healthcare and social work in Sweden: a multicentre repeated cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThe aim was to explore whether occupational balance is associated with health, health-promoting resources, healthy lifestyle and social study factors among students during higher education within healthcare and social work.DesignThe...

Gaming with health misinformation: a social capital-based study of corrective information sharing factors in social media.

Correction is an important tool to reduce the negative impact of health misinformation on social media. In the era of "I share, therefore I am" social media, users actively share corrective information to achieve the "anti-convincing" effect of health misinformation. Focusing on the local Chinese context, this study constructs a structural equation model using social capital as a mediating variable to explore whether usage of Chinese users' social media can promote corrective information sharing by influencing the structural, cognitive, and relational dimensions of social capital and the role of health literacy in corrective information sharing. It was found that social media use did not significantly affect corrective information share willingness but significantly influenced share willingness through social interaction connections, trust, and shared experiences, and share willingness significantly influenced sharing behavior. The moderating effect showed that health literacy played a significant moderating effect in the influence of corrective information share willingness on sharing behavior. This study introduces the three dimensions of social capital at the theoretical level and finds that users will share corrective information for the purpose of social capital accumulation. It also provides empirical evidence for specific practices, including improving users' health literacy and actively mobilizing them to participate in the blocking and management of health misinformation in social media.

Efficiency of BRICS countries in sustainable development: a comparative data envelopment analysis

Purpose This study aims to assess the efficiency of Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (BRICS) countries in achieving sustainable development by analyzing their ability to convert resources and technological innovations into sustainable outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Using data envelopment analysis (DEA), the study evaluates the economic, environmental and social efficiency of BRICS countries over the period 2010–2018. It ranks these countries based on their sustainable development performance and compares them to the period 2000–2007. Findings The study reveals varied efficiency levels among BRICS countries. Russia and South Africa lead in certain sustainable development aspects. South Africa excels in environmental sustainability, whereas Brazil is efficient in resource utilization for sustainable growth. China and India, despite economic growth, face challenges such as pollution and lower quality of life. Research limitations/implications The study’s findings are constrained by the DEA methodology and the selection of variables. It highlights the need for more nuanced research incorporating recent global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical shifts. Practical implications Insights from this study can inform targeted and effective sustainability strategies in BRICS nations, focusing on areas such as industrial quality improvement, employment conditions and environmental policies. Social implications The study underscores the importance of balancing economic growth with social and environmental considerations, highlighting the need for policies addressing inequality, poverty and environmental degradation. Originality/value This research provides a unique comparative analysis of BRICS countries’ sustainable development efficiency, challenging conventional perceptions and offering a new perspective on their progress.

Forecasting the Mexican craft beer market: an integrated consumer perception conjoint analysis approach incorporating price and product attributes

PurposeThis paper aims to uncover patterns of Mexican craft beer consumers and guide companies’ decisions in the creation of new products, marketing strategies, advertising and promotion to increase craft beer sales and contribute to faster growth.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conjoint analysis with a selection of attributes for new or renewed products, marginal disposition to pay for particular characteristics through brand-specific choice-based design, and market simulation.FindingsThis paper clearly demonstrates consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay in Mexico, with a cutting-edge market research technique combining the prioritization of preferred craft beer characteristics, and the price consumers are willing to pay for such product characteristics.Research limitations/implicationsThe study's sample size of 501 responses is relatively small compared to the total number of craft beer consumers in Mexico. To enhance the validity and reliability of the findings, future studies should aim to obtain larger samples and compare their results with those of this study.Practical implicationsThis study has important implications for craft beer producers, allowing them to develop targeted craft beers with appealing attributes for Mexican consumers, such as color, aroma intensity, alcohol degree intensity, bitterness, foam level and price.Social implicationsThis study's market forecasting simulation technique is based on assumptions of consumer behavior and market dynamics. Although relevant variables were considered, unanticipated external factors or market changes could impact the forecasts' accuracy. This will allow for a more comprehensive understanding of craft beer consumer preferences in different markets and enhance the reliability of forecasting techniques.Originality/valueThis paper informs craft beer producers by providing valuable knowledge on customers’ preferences and willingness to pay to enhance craft beer companies’ product development processes.

Implications and Lessons Learned While Using Social Media Advertisements to Promote Longitudinal Social Network Study Participation in Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men (LMSM): A Brief Report.

We assess the effectiveness of paid ads on social media platforms as a research recruitment tool with Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM). We deployed four paid ad campaigns July-September 2022 in English and Spanish on Meta and Grindr featuring happy or risqué images of LMSM, documenting engagement and cost metrics. The four campaigns generated a total of 1,893,738 impressions and 1078 clicks (0.057 click-through rate) with a total cost of $7,989.39. Of the 58 people who accessed the study screener, 31 completed it (53.4%), 13 were eligible (22.4%), but none enrolled. Comparing platforms, Meta had higher engagement metrics than Grindr, while Grindr had higher proportions of those who completed the screener (57.9%) and were eligible (26.3%) than Meta (52.6% and 21.0%, respectively). Challenges to using paid ads as an LMSM recruitment tool included intersecting pandemics (Mpox, COVID-19), and limited connection between platforms and staff for study enrollment.

Exploring behaviour-intention gaps to explain low retention in a community-based video-conferencing intervention for depression: lessons for researchers using technology as interventions

Purpose This paper aims to reflect on the outcomes of a community-based video-conferencing intervention for depression, predating the COVID-19 pandemic. The study investigates the potential implications of its findings for enhancing adherence to digital mental health interventions. The primary objective is to present considerations for researchers aimed at minimising the intention-behaviour gap frequently encountered in digital mental health interventions. Design/methodology/approach A randomised control feasibility trial design was used to implement a telehealth model adapted from an established face-to-face community-based intervention for individuals clinically diagnosed with depression. In total, 60 participants were initially recruited in association with a local mental health charity offering traditional talking-based therapies with only eight opting to continue through all phases of the project. Modifications aligning with technological advancements were introduced. Findings However, the study faced challenges, with low uptake observed after an initial surge in recruitment interest. The behaviour-intention gap highlighted technology as a barrier to service accessibility, exacerbated by participant age. Furthermore, the clinical diagnosis of depression, characterised by low mood and reduced interest in activities, emerged as a potential influencing factor. Research limitations/implications The limitations of the research include its pre-pandemic execution, during a nascent stage of technological mental health interventions when participants were less familiar with online developments. Practical implications Despite these limitations, this study's reflections offer valuable insights for researchers aiming to design and implement telehealth services. Addressing the intention-behaviour gap necessitates a nuanced understanding of participant demographics, diagnosis and technological familiarity. Social implications The study's relevance extends to post-pandemic society, urging researchers to reassess assumptions about technology availability to ensure engagement. This paper contributes to the mental health research landscape by raising awareness of critical considerations in the design and implementation of digital mental health interventions. Originality/value Reflections from a pre-pandemic intervention in line with the developments of a post-pandemic society will allow for research to consider that because the technology is available does not necessarily result in engagement.

Social, Ethical and Regulatory implications of conducting a malaria Vaccine Efficacy trial in a human infection study in Kenya (SERVE-Kenya): A study protocol

Malaria remains an important public health problem in many LMICs, including Kenya – necessitating alternative prevention and control strategies. Malaria human infection studies (HIS) – trials that involve the deliberate infection of healthy volunteers with malaria parasites to assess the efficacy of potential vaccine and drug candidates and to understand the innate and acquired protection against malaria parasites - have become an important approach to fast-track the development of a malaria vaccine. The KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) otherwise known as the KEMRI Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (Coast) (KEMRI CGMRC) has developed expertise in setting up and running research on malaria HIS, with two completed and two planned in the coming months. One of the planned studies is an EDCTP-funded Phase IIb malaria vaccine efficacy trial within a HIS. While all scientific proposals at KWTRP are carefully reviewed by national and international science and ethics review bodies and are supported by a well-developed local community engagement platform, research to understand the social, ethical and regulatory issues for HIS from a grounded perspective is in early stages of development, especially in LMICs. Given the particular opportunities provided by the KWTRP’s experience in running HIS, expertise in embedded social science research and the presence of a well-established community engagement platform, we plan to conduct a social science study within the HIS-based Phase IIb malaria vaccine trial. The overall aim is to contribute to the development of locally responsive policies on the ethical conduct of malaria vaccine efficacy studies involving the use of a HIS in Kenya. Data will be collected from a range of HIS stakeholders, including HIS participants, community members, HIS research team, ethics committees, regulatory authorities and policy makers through surveys, interviews, group discussions, participatory workshops, observations and document review. This is an EDCTP-funded Career Development Fellowship project awarded to PCC.

Online communities as a risk factor for gambling and gaming problems: A five-wave longitudinal study

Online communities are becoming increasingly important in everyday life, providing opportunities for leisure habits and social organization. Some online communities are also considered risky for participants, but longitudinal studies on the potential negative consequences are needed. This social psychological study was grounded in theories of group behavior and social identification. We examined the longitudinal associations between participation in gambling and gaming online communities and excessive gambling and gaming. The role of social media identity bubbles was also considered. We used linear hybrid models and longitudinal data comprising five time points (T1–T5) to analyze within- and between-person associations. Nationally representative data were collected from Finnish respondents aged 18–75 (N = 1530) between 2021 and 2023. The Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) was used to measure gambling problems, and the Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT) was used to measure gaming problems. The Identity Bubble Reinforcement Scale (IBRS) measured involvement in social media identity bubbles. The results indicated that participating in online communities was associated with both gambling and gaming problems at the within- and between-person levels. Interaction analyses showed that these problems were increased among active online community users who were also involved in online identity bubbles. Online identity bubbles play a significant role in the process by which non-problematic leisure activities can become addictive behaviors.

Guardians of the vault: unmasking online threats and fortifying e-banking security, a systematic review

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the adoption of digital technologies in the banking industry and its impact on the rise of digital fraudulent activities, specifically focusing on online banking frauds. This paper aims to provide insights into the current technologies implemented by banks to secure their online banking systems and explores the methods used by cybercriminals to exploit security vulnerabilities in these systems. Design/methodology/approach In order to understand how digital technologies in banking can be secured against online fraud, this research conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) on digital banking, online banking fraud, and security measurements. The review encompasses a variety of sources from online databases such as Emerald Insight, Google Scholar, IEEE, JSTOR, Springer and Science Direct. Findings The key finding of the paper is that the adoption of digital technologies in the banking industry has led to a significant increase in digital fraudulent activities, particularly in the form of online banking frauds. This paper emphasizes that these frauds have become a global concern and have evolved into an industry where cybercriminals use sophisticated tools such as phishing attacks, denial-of-service attacks, Trojan horses, malware infections, identity theft and computer viruses. Research limitations/implications This study relies solely on a literature review without incorporating primary data or case studies; therefore, it might miss out on the firsthand experiences and perspectives of banks and cybersecurity professionals. Practical implications This study emphasizes the need for banks to adopt advanced security measures to safeguard their online banking systems. Social implications This study underscores the importance of ongoing training and awareness programs for both bank employees and customers. Originality/value This study specifically addresses the adoption of digital technologies in the banking industry and its correlation with the increase in digital fraudulent activities. This focus on the intersection of technology and fraud in the banking sector is a distinctive aspect. This study conducts a SLR to examine the current technologies implemented by banks to safeguard their online banking systems. This comprehensive approach provides insights into the diverse security measures used by banks to protect against various types of cyber threats.

Communication as a Key Performance Indicator in Employer Branding in the Context of the Social Economy-A Quantitative Study.

Performance measurement refers to the systematic evaluation and analysis of the performance and results of business processes, initiatives, or strategies. This study discusses the crucial role of communication using signaling theory in employer branding in the context of the social economy organization (SEO). The aim is to measure employee satisfaction in concrete terms and to determine the status quo of the communication culture of the organization under investigation in order to develop an employer branding strategy based on the results. The authors use an employee survey as a quantitative research method and limit the data collection to the EU member state of Germany considering the research background. The results provide insights into the specific communication policy in relation to employer branding. The focus here is on (digital) communication. Organizations need to understand how communication strategies directly influence the perception of the employer brand in the social economy. Furthermore, practical implications are derived in order to increase employer attractiveness. Concrete recommendations of action for SEOs should help them be successful in the competition for qualified specialists and talent.

Aging in Place and ‘The Little Things’: Prioritizing Mobile Health and Social Care in Rural Communities

ABSTRACT Older adults are more frequently wanting to age in place. Governments are seeking cost-effective and efficient methods of supporting aging populations. Older adults who want to stay in their homes for as long as possible encounter multiple barriers, including struggling to maintain their homes, inadequate levels of social and healthcare support, and the lack of financial capacity to pay for home support services. The Mobile Seniors’ Wellness Network (MSWN), a multi-disciplinary and person-centered mobile health and social support intervention study was designed to investigate and support aging in place for older adults living in rural New Brunswick, Canada. Secondary analysis of case notes and exit interviews using content analysis revealed concerns with the lack of affordable and mobile care services for vulnerable rural older adults. Older adults revealed that their needs include “the little things” rather than grand gestures or sweeping policies to age in place such as assistance with grounds and home maintenance, in addition to relational and person-centered health and social care in the home. Reliance on private service delivery and volunteer organizations can increase the likelihood that older adults will experience a breakdown of social support networks tied together loosely by friends, family, and their communities. When services are unattainable aging in place becomes an unreachable goal.

Procesi u superviziji studenata socijalnog rada

ABSTRACT Supervision of social work students as an integral part of the educational process is an integrated way of learning in which social work students apply their theoretical knowledge to field practice, and by reflecting on their experiences from practice in supervision, they improve their professional and personal development. This paper presents part of the results of qualitative research into the process of supervision of students. 10 supervisors of social work students who supervised undergraduate and graduate studies at the Social Work Study Center, Faculty of Law in Zagreb, University of Zagreb participated in the research. The research was conducted using a semi-structured interview method, and data processing used a thematic framework analysis. The results of the research show that supervisors use numerous methods, techniques, models and concepts in their work, emphasizing the educational function of supervision, which ranges from focus on the task to focus on the process of supervision. In terms of feedback, the supportive aspect of supervision dominates. Specific difficulties in supervision are mainly related to the organizational model of conducting field practice and coordination of activities with the educational institution. Also, the paper describes the peculiarities of the student supervision process in relation to other types of supervision that student supervisors recognized in their work. Key words: supervision of social work students; field practice; supervision process.

Divorce is a social problem study

According to the World Health Organization, health is not merely the absence of disease but a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. The real meaning of being healthy is focusing on yourself and adopting healthy ways of living. After independence in India, health has been one of the main goals facing the country. There have always been obstacles in bringing health facilities to the rural people of the country. Health problems are especially acute in rural areas. For all these situations there is a lack of expertise in primary health centers created to deal with diseases in rural areas. A factor responsible for the poor health status of rural women is their lack of nutrition. Due to the lack of nutrition, conditions like malnutrition have arisen and due to this many types of diseases are prevalent. More than half of India's villages suffer from anomie due to lack of essential nutrients. About 22 thousand women especially pregnant women die of anomia in India. A number of social, economic and personal factors are responsible for the poor health status of rural women. Sanitation, education, lack of awareness, poor economic status, traditions, customs, husbandry, heavy physical labor, irregular diet, feticide, frequent births etc. are considered responsible for many factors.

Social Work Study on the Impact of Climate Change Among Communities in Kampung Pantai Johor, Kedah

Climate change in Malaysia has led to the occurrence of flooding disasters that have a negative impact on all parties, especially the vulnerable groups, including the community in Pantai Johor Village, Kedah. Climate change refers to significant changes in average climate conditions or its variability over a long period (usually near or more). The flooding disasters have caused the Malaysian government to incur significant expenses to assist flood victims. Therefore, a qualitative study was conducted on ten respondents in Pantai Johor Village, Kedah, who were heads of households selected through purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted to obtain the necessary information. All collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The study findings indicate that flooding disasters have an impact on the community's life in Pantai Johor Village, Alor Setar, Kedah. The study found that all respondents stated that climate change has an impact on their lives. Climate change in this village has led to flooding disasters, affecting the community. For the first objective of the study, the researcher successfully answered it through discussions of the study findings. The conclusions that can be drawn by the researcher based on the study's objective, which is to examine the impact of climate change on the community in Pantai Johor Village, Kedah, are that climate change brings various negative effects on the community's life in the village. The climate change that occurs has caused economic problems and disrupted the well-being of the community.

Homelessness: challenges and opportunities in the “new normal”

Purpose This paper – the final paper of a series of three – aims to discuss the implications of the findings from a service user needs assessment of people experiencing homelessness in the Northwest of England. It will expand on the previous paper by offering a more detailed analysis and discussion of the identified key themes and issues. The service user needs assessment was completed as part of a review of local service provision in the Northwest of England against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured questionnaires were administered and used by health-care professionals to collect data from individuals accessing the Homeless and Vulnerable Adults Service (HVAS) in Bolton. The questionnaires included a section exploring Adverse Childhood Experiences. Data from 100 completed questionnaires were analysed to better understand the needs of those accessing the HVAS. Findings Multiple deprivations including extensive health and social care needs were identified within the cohort. Meeting these complex needs was challenging for both service users and service providers. This paper will explore key themes identified by the needs assessment and draw upon further comments from those who participated in the data-gathering process. The paper discusses the practicalities of responding to the complex needs of those with lived experience of homelessness. It highlights how a coordinated partnership approach, using an integrated service delivery model can be both cost-effective and responsive to the needs of those often on the margins of our society. Research limitations/implications Data collection during the COVID-19 pandemic presented a number of challenges. The collection period had to be extended whilst patient care was prioritised. Quantitative methods were used, however, this limited the opportunity for service user involvement and feedback. Future research could use qualitative methods to address this balance and use a more inclusive approach. Practical implications This study illustrates that the needs of the homeless population are broad and varied. Although the population themselves have developed different responses to their situations, their needs can only be fully met by a co-ordinated, multi-agency, partnership response. An integrated service model can help identify, understand, and meet the needs of the whole population and individuals within it to improve healthcare for a vulnerable population. Social implications This study highlighted new and important findings around the resilience of the homeless population and the significance of building protective factors to help combat the multiplicity of social isolation with both physical and mental health problems. Originality/value The discussion provides an opportunity to reflect on established views in relation to the nature and scope of homelessness. The paper describes a contemporary approach to tackling current issues faced by those experiencing homelessness in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations for service improvements will include highlighting established good practices including embedding a more inclusive/participatory approach.

ZIP Code to Genomic Code: Neighborhood Disadvantage, Aggressive Breast Cancer Biology, and Breast Cancer Outcomes.

To determine the association between objective (geospatial) and subjective (perceived) measures of neighborhood disadvantage (ND) and aggressive breast cancer (BCa) tumor biology, defined using validated social adversity-associated transcription factor (TF) activity and clinical outcomes. ND is associated with shorter BCa recurrence-free survival (RFS), independent of individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics, suggesting potential unaccounted biological mechanisms by which ND influences RFS. We quantified TF-binding motif prevalence within promoters of differentially expressed genes for 147 tissue samples prospectively collected on protocol. Covariate-adjusted multivariable regression analyzed objective and subjective ND scores with 5 validated TFs of social adversity and aggressive biology-pro-inflammatory activity (NF-kB, AP-1), sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity (CREB), and protective cellular responses (IRF, STAT). To clinically validate these TFs as prognostic biomarkers of aggressive biology, logistic regression and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models analyzed their association with Oncotype DX scores and RFS, respectively. Increasing objective ND was associated with aggressive tumor biology (up-regulated NF-kB, AP-1, down-regulated IRF, STAT) and SNS activation (up-regulated CREB). Increasing subjective ND (e.g., threat to safety), was associated with up-regulated NF-kB and CREB and down-regulated IRF. These TF patterns were associated with high-risk Oncotype DX scores and shorter RFS. In the largest human social genomics study, objective and subjective ND were significantly associated with TFs of aggressive biology and SNS activation. These TFs also correlated with worse clinical outcomes, implicating SNS activation as one potential mechanism behind ND survival disparities. These findings remain to be validated in a national cohort.

Operationalizing the Social Capital of Organizations: Is it Possible to Measure the “Immeasurable”

Social capital in the modern sense can be described as the capacity for socially oriented management of organizations. As social capital serves this purpose, it needs to be measured using relevant sociological tools based on the principles of operationalizing it as a complex social concept and a resource of immaterial nature. The purpose of the article is to present the results of social capital operationalization problem study that were obtained during the empirical portion implemented within the framework of the socio-resource approach towards managing organizations. The data obtained as a result of a panel study in 2022 give grounds for concluding that the basic process of operationalizing social capital proposed by the author provides an opportunity to substantiate variables and correlations between them for subsequently measuring the development of certain components of social capital. The suggested approach also allows asserting that social capital operationalization largely allows for solving the problem of “measuring the immeasurable” which involves, based on evaluating the current state of an organization’s social capital, developing management decisions aimed at the effective formation and development of said human capital. The author offers practical recommendations for correcting managerial actions while taking into account the problematic aspects of social capital formation.

Immigrant-blind care: How immigrants experience the “inclusive” health system as they access care

A growing body of scholarship examines the varying impact of legal status and race on accessing healthcare. However, a notable gap persists in comprehending the supplementary mechanisms that hinder immigrants' pathway to seek care. Drawing on ethnographic observations in various clinical settings and in-depth interviews with 28 healthcare professionals and 12 documented Haitian immigrants in a city in Upstate New York, between 2019 and 2021, I demonstrate the tension between the conceptualization and implementation of inclusive care practices by healthcare providers. I argue that the mere expansion and adoption of inclusive discourse among providers do not inherently ensure equity and the removal of barriers to healthcare access. This work contributes to the social study of medicine and race and ethnic studies by introducing the innovative concept of “immigrant-blind.” Through this concept, the research sheds light on how providers' conceptualization of inclusivity proclaims medical encounters to be devoid of stratifications and rationalizes their practices which mask the profound impact of immigration status and immigration on immigrant health. Furthermore, these practices reinforce existing divisions within care settings and medical encounters, where immigration laws and enforcement practices operate and further exacerbate stratifications. By examining providers' uninformed implementation of culturally competent care practices, the findings reveal that providers stigmatize and essentialize immigrants during medical encounters. This highlights the imperative for a more nuanced and informed approach to healthcare provision, where genuine inclusivity is upheld, and barriers to access are dismantled to foster equitable and dignified healthcare experiences for all.

Community Preparedness for Flood Disasters in Karang Intan District as a Social Sciences Learning Resource

The problem of flooding needs the attention of all parties. The impacts caused by flooding are numerous, and almost all aspects of people's lives are disrupted. This research aims to determine the causes of floods, community preparedness for flood disasters, and flood disasters as a social study learning resource. The research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Namely, it is a process that observes, analyses, and describes phenomena regarding community preparedness for flood disasters in Karang Intan District as a social study learning resource. The results of the research show (1) The cause of the flooding that occurred in Jingah Habang Ulu and Jingah Habang Ilir Villages, Karang Intan District, Banjar Regency was high rainfall with long intensity with heavy rain for quite a long time, rivers close to residents' settlements overflowed due to water being delivered and rubbish along riverbanks and shallow rivers (2) Community preparedness for flood disasters in Jingah Habang Ulu and disasters in Jingah Habang Ilir Villages, Karang Intan District, Banjar Regency is to provide signs from the early warning system of floods such as high rainfall, so areas with high levels report if conditions water overflows into low areas to be alert, mobilize residents using rubber boats, create emergency posts, secure valuables in safer or higher places by making anangs from blocks, bamboo or galam wood, (3) Flood disaster preparedness as The source of social studies learning is by implementing learning in schools regarding learning material regarding preparedness which is included in natural disaster mitigation material. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that flood disasters occur due to natural and human factors. It is hoped that the flood disaster will receive a response from all parties so that it can become a solution to reduce the risk of flooding. Schools insert flood disaster preparedness material as a learning resource so that students can know about flood disaster preparedness if it occurs in their environment.