Past Studies Research Articles

Emotional Dysregulation in Shift Workers

Shift work continues to increase in frequency in industrial society and accounts for more than 20% of workers in modern society. Previous studies have reported that shift work is a representative environmental factor that disrupts circadian rhythm and is associated with various physical and mental problems, including sleep problems. In particular, problems with circadian rhythm are closely related to difficulties in emotional regulation that cause mood disorders. In this review, we reviewed previous studies on emotion dysregulation in shift workers and examined past studies on the neuroscience basis for these problems. If neurobiological research yields results on shift workers’ vulnerability to emotional and sleep problems, it would be possible to suggest ways to prevent the adverse mental effects of shift work.

The Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Oceania: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Incidence and Prevalence.

Past studies have shown high rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Australia and New Zealand (NZ). We aimed to describe the epidemiology of IBD in Australia, NZ, and the surrounding region (collectively termed Oceania) by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. Electronic databases were searched from inception to April 2023 for studies reporting incidence or prevalence rates of IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), or ulcerative colitis (UC) in Oceania. All study designs were included. A meta-analysis calculated pooled estimates of incidence and prevalence, and a sensitivity analysis compared the pooled population-based studies with the non-population-based studies and the Australian and NZ studies separately. Nineteen incidence and 11 prevalence studies were included; 2 studies were from the Pacific Islands, with the rest coming from Australia and NZ. Pooled estimates showed high incidence rates of 19.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.8-23.7) for IBD, 8.3 (95% CI, 6.9-9.8) for CD, and 7.4 (95% CI, 5.7-9.1) for CD per 100 000 person-years. CD was more common than UC in most studies. The pooled estimates for the prevalence studies were 303.3 (95% CI, 128.1-478.4) for IBD, 149.8 (95% CI, 71.0-228.5) for CD, and 142.2 (95% CI, 63.1-221.4) for UC per 100 000 persons. Studies using population-based data collection methods showed higher pooled rates for both incidence and prevalence. The incidence and prevalence of IBD in Oceania is high. The studies were heterogeneous and there were several geographic areas with no information, highlighting the need for more epidemiological studies of IBD.

Моральные основания как факторы социально-экономических ожиданий россиян

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective. </strong>Analysis of the relationship of socio-economic expectations of Russians with moral foundations and socio-demographic characteristics. <br><strong>Background. </strong>Moral foundations theory has proved to be a very fruitful approach to the analysis of psychological factors of political views and preferences, but the problem of the relations between moral foundations and socio-economic expectations has not been considered in past studies.<br><strong>Study design. </strong>A correlation design was used, the data were obtained in a survey of a representative sample of Russian citizens. <br><strong>Participants. </strong>The sample includes 1600 residents of 82 regions of Russia surveyed by the Institute of Psychology of RAS and VCIOM (Russia Public Opinion Research Center) in February 2023, 55% of men and 45% of women aged 18 to 93 years. <br><strong>Measurements. </strong>A demographic questionnaire, moral foundations questionnaire and a questionnaire compiled for this study to measure socio-economic expectations, measuring expectations of: social support, military victories and militarization of public life, justice, economic growth and consumer expectations. <strong>Results. </strong>It is established that the expectations of military victories and placing the economy and public life on a war-footing are largely determined by the commitment to ethics of community, the ethics of autonomy supports the expectations of justice and economic growth. Expectations of social support depend on both the ethics of autonomy and the ethics of community. Adherence to the "liberty" moral foundation is combined with a decrease in military expectations and an increase in consumer expectations regarding the availability of goods and services. Moral foundations mediate the relationship of expectations with socio-demographic factors: age, gender, education, income, type of settlement. This is most evident in the relatively large positive effect of age on expectations of military victories which is completely mediated by the higher ethics of community among older people. <br><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The ethics of community, the ethics of autonomy and the "liberty" moral foundation not only reveal the psychological basis of political and ideological preferences, but also largely explain the social ideals of citizens expressed in their specific socio-economic expectations.</p>

Connecting the dots of Ethical Leadership and Job Satisfaction: Moderated Mediation Effect of Co-Worker Undermining and Employee Engagement.

In the past studies, numerous scholars have given their focus to examining the impact of ethical leadership on the organization’s work outcomes. This study investigates the influence of coworker undermining between ethical leadership and employees’ engagement and draws the Social Rule Theory in a broader perspective for reducing the negative social interaction in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to check the effect of social undermining on the work outcomes of the organization by analyzing the job satisfaction of employees. We suggested that ethical leadership would be more influential on the employees’ engagement (cognitive, affective, and emotional) by using another theory, Social Learning Theory, which will engage the employees with their organization and promote a high level of satisfaction the employees with their jobs. Coworker undermining is assessed as a moderator between ethical leadership and employees’ engagement it is highly problematic for leaders when it will exist in their workplace. For analysis of the model, administrated 515 questionnaires were used which were collected from the employees working in educational institutions. Cross-sectional and non-Probability Convenience sampling technique was used for the data collection. The finding of our study has a fruitful effect on enhancing the employees’ engagement by using effective ethical leadership and reducing the effect of coworker undermining. However, employees’ engagement has a significant relationship between ethical leadership and job satisfaction but another hand positive effects will be disappeared in these relations due to the existence of coworker undermining between mediators and ethical leadership.

Reading of Racial Profiling in Jodi Picoult’s Small Great Things

Objectives: This study highlights the notion that racism occurs when people with personal or institutional power use their privilege in defining others based on their skin color or race. Racial profiling, an extension to systemic racism, is any act of stereotyping exercised against people of different race or color. Past studies approached racial profiling in the fields of police inspections only. However, racial profiling in Jodi Picoult’s Small Great Things is not studied yet. The study investigates racial profiling against major characters in Picoult's novel.
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 Methods: The study employs Delgado and Stefancic’s Critical Race Theory (2017). The CRT’s tenets of ‘Racism is Common, not Aberrational’, ‘Race is Socially Constructed’ and ‘Unique Voice of Color’ are the methodological tools used in the novel analysis.
 Results: Through the study of racial profiling exercized against “Ruth” in light of Critical Race Theory, this study introduces different acts of racial profiling faced by Ruth in various places besides the police inspections due to Ruth’s African roots. With the help of ‘Unique Voice of Color’, Ruth has created her own anti-discourse to racial profiling and proved the falsification of these stereotypical images. 
 Conclusions: With the help of CRT’s tenets, the study concludes that racial profiling is not solely exercised in the police inspections, but exercised in all aspects in the life of people of color. It also concludes that white citizens do not accept people of color as equal partners in America because of the stereotypical images that trigger racial profiling everywhere againts them.

A Conceptual Framework for Studying Technology Adoption of Malaysian SME Retailers.

This paper is fundamentally a conceptual paper, the purpose of which is to propose a framework for researchers to study technology adoption of small and medium enterprise retailers (SMERs) in Malaysia by combining the dimensions of system-specific approach and latent personality dimensions. which focuses on existing theoretical frameworks and paradigms in the study of technology adoption of SMERs. However, the paper also draws on the database of reviews of past studies conducted in the field of technology adoption and identifies two fundamental paradigms- the system-specific approach and the latent personality dimensions approach. The paper also draws upon the empirical findings of these studies to determine and define the elements of the proposed conceptual framework. The available empirical data from the conclusions of the existing research studies, therefore, are bound by the limits of these two paradigms. This paper proposes a conceptual framework and a language which scholars can utilize to take a more holistic approach, which bridges the gap between the two existing paradigms. The study has a theoretical contribution as it aims to propose a new model for the technology adoption of SMERs by incorporating the system-specific paradigm and the latent personality behavior paradigm. The second theoretical contribution of this framework is that it can test the moderating effect of latent personality dimensions. Furthermore, the paper is also in alignment with the Government of Malaysia’s National 4IR Policy. This paper modifies three existing theoretical frameworks- TAM, TOE, and TRI, thereby, proposing a new conceptual model for technology adoption of SMERs

The influence of service quality on sustainable competitive advantage in Kurdistan Iraq hotels: Perspective from hotel managers

In today's ever-evolving and highly competitive market, hotels across the globe face numerous challenges. Among these, a key challenge is providing and consistently maintaining an excellent quality of service. As customer expectations rise, businesses in the hospitality industry are under pressure and must learn how to develop resilient strategies. These strategies are imperative if they wish to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) amidst the intense competition they face daily. Interestingly, past studies often assumed the factors that predict competitive advantage, often disregarding the substantial impact of service quality (SQ). This error may incur significant costs. Therefore, to remain and become more competitive, logistic service providers (LSPs) should deeply understand the salient factors that contribute to building up their competitive advantage. They must also recognize the pivotal role of SQ and grasp its profound effect on SCA. The present research uniquely aims to assess the intricate relationship between SQ and SCA, particularly concerning hotel managers. Through this study, 152 sampled questionnaires were diligently obtained from hotel managers in the vibrant Kurdistan region of Iraq. These responses were thoroughly analyzed. Notably, the results demonstrated that all SQ dimensions, with the exception of assurance, were significant for ensuring the overall SCA of hotels. This groundbreaking study is the first of its kind to be conducted in this region. Ultimately, the valuable outcome of this study will guide and assist hotel managers in meticulously focusing on and enhancing their SQ levels, especially in the Kurdistan region.

Analytical and Finite-Element-Method-Based Analyses of Pile Shaft Capacity Subjected to Rainfall Infiltration

The presence of unsaturated soil is critical in geotechnical engineering since the matric suction may aid in accommodating the pile shaft capacity. The design of piles can be optimized by incorporating unsaturated soil mechanics principles. Hence, the amount of waste materials can be reduced, the duration of pile installation can be expedited, and the amount of energy used for casting the pile can be optimized, resulting in more sustainable design and construction of piles. Conventional α, β, and λ methods and modified α, β, and λ methods are the common models that are used for calculating the shaft capacity by incorporating soil–water characteristic curves (SWCCs). However, in our opinion, we feel that the investigation of the influence of seepage infiltration due to rainfall on the shaft capacity of piles, calculated using both analytical means and numerical analysis, has been dealt with inadequately in past studies. The objective of this study is to investigate changes in the shaft pile capacity according to suction changes due to rainwater infiltration for the greater reliability of the pile design, using both analytical and numerical studies with the finite element method (FEM). Sand and kaolin, which are typical components of coarse-grained and fine-grained soil, are used in this study. The laboratory results were incorporated into PLAXIS 3D (Version 22), and a coupled analysis was carried out, utilizing the meteorological conditions in Astana. The results showed that the decreases in matric suction in sand and kaolin are similar after their subjection to rainfall, yet sand produces a higher shaft capacity compared to kaolin. The modified β method offers a higher shaft capacity compared to the other methods due to the effective stress factors being taken into account. The modified α and λ methods are recommended for short piles because they are more sustainable, whilst the modified β method is preferable for long piles. Overall, unsaturated soil conditions should be applied to optimize the foundation design since they generate a higher shaft capacity.

Multi-Mode Vector Light Field Generation Using Modified Off-Axis Interferometric Holography and Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulators

The increasing enhancement in the modulation accuracy of spatial light modulators has garnered significant attention towards real-time control technology for light fields based on these modulators. It has been demonstrated that this technology possesses a remarkable capability to generate vector beams with arbitrary complex amplitude distributions. Nevertheless, past studies indicate that the generation of only one vector beam at a time has been observed. The simultaneous generation of numerous vector light fields can give rise to several challenges, including compromised picture quality, limited single-mode operation, and intricate optical path configurations. In pursuit of this objective, we present a novel methodology that integrates the coding methodology of modified off-axis interferometric holography with the idea of optical superposition. This technique facilitates the concurrent generation of several vector beams. In this study, we present a demonstration of the simultaneous creation of twelve vector beams using a single spatial light modulator (SLM) as a proof of concept. Significantly, this technology has the ability to generate an unlimited quantity of vector light fields concurrently under the assumption that the resolution of the SLM does not impose any limitations. The findings indicate that the imaging quality achieved by this technology is of a high standard. Furthermore, it is possible to separately control the beam waist radius, topological charge, polarization order, and extra phase of each beam.

Kajian tafsir tematik di Malaysia: Sorotan literatur tahun 2019 sehingga 2023

Thematic exegesis is an interpretive approach to interpreting the Quran thematically by collecting relevant Quranic verses related to the studied theme. This interpretive approach has gained recognition among Quranic scholars due to its methodological dimensions and unique advantages in delving into the contents of the Quran. Moreover, thematic exegesis represents a contemporary interpretative method that can elevate the Quran as a reference for today's modern society. However, extensive research is lacking in compiling and providing a literature review regarding thematic exegesis studies. This article aims to highlight and present a literature review of past studies related to thematic exegesis in Malaysia. The article's sources were obtained from the WoS, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases covering 2019 to 2023. The gathered data was filtered based on publication year, material type (articles), and specific studies within Malaysia. The study's findings highlighted four themes of thematic exegesis research in Malaysia: the definition of thematic exegesis, its history and development, types and methods, and the implementation of these methods in Quranic studies.

Multi-dimensional unobserved heterogeneities: Modeling likelihood of speeding behaviors in different patterns for taxi speeders with mixed distributions, multivariate errors, and jointly correlated random parameters

Speeding behaviors can be classified into different patterns according to both speeding-range and speeding-distance. Among the speeding patterns, some are more frequently observed in specific traffic scenarios, implying that the likelihood of speeding behaviors may vary across the speeding patterns due to the inconsistent impact of temporal, road, environmental, and other traffic factors. Additionally, the trigger of speeding is a complex process so the researchers may not have access to all the critical information associated with the speeding behaviors. This issue may bring about not only independent heterogeneity but also multi-dimensional heterogeneities that are mutually correlated when modeling speeding behaviors by patterns. However, the joint solution to the above challenges is rarely seen in past studies. To fill the knowledge gaps, this study uses taxi GPS trajectories to extract speeding behaviors and classify them into four patterns. The speeder’s percent of speeding distance for each speeding pattern is respectively measured to represent the likelihood of speeding behaviors by patterns. Afterwards, we compare the data-fitting between the models combined with different beta-gamma mixture distributions and a multivariate Gaussian error in modeling the four patterns of speeding likelihood. The combination with the best fitness is used to incorporate jointly correlated random parameters. The results show that the model with beta-gamma-gamma-gamma mixed distributions performs better than other combinations. The model with jointly correlated random parameters outperforms models with other random parameters. The factor analysis reveals that percent of driving at night, percent of driving on roads with a low-speed limit (≤30 km/h), average delays in junctions along the trips, and hourly income have consistent effects on the likelihood of speeding behaviors in all patterns, while the effects of the remaining factors are inconsistent across the speeding patterns. Furthermore, the heterogeneity unveiled by the model parameters is discussed. The study highlights the necessity of considering mixed distributions and multi-dimensional heterogeneities in modeling speeding likelihood by different patterns.

(Dis)Order and Luminescence in Silicon-Rich (Si,P)-N Network Sr5Si7P2N16:Eu2.

In this work, we present the synthesis, characterization, and optical properties of Sr5Si7P2N16:Eu2+, the first tetrahedral (Si,P)-N network in which Si occupies more than 50% of the tetrahedra. While past studies have shown progress with anionic (Si,P)-N networks, the potential of silicon-rich compounds remains untapped. The synthesized compound Sr5Si7P2N16 exhibits a unique mixture of substitutional order and positional disorder within its network. The analytical challenges posed by the similarities between Si4+ and P5+, along with the network's disorder, were overcome by combining single-crystal X-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy EDX mapping. Low-cost crystallographic calculations provided additional insights into the identification of tetrahedral occupations in mixed networks. Luminescence investigations on Sr5Si7P2N16:Eu2+ revealed yellow emission, adding to the known blue, green, and orange emission maxima of Sr-(Si,P)-N networks, highlighting the variability of such compounds.

Petty corruption experiences and xenophobic violence in South Africa

ABSTRACT Past studies have shown that corruption can promote conflict and instability. However, the capacity for corruption to influence anti-immigrant violence has received little academic attention. This article examines the relationship between experiences of petty corruption and public participation in violent xenophobic behaviour. It draws on Moral Foundations Theory to argue that corruption experiences undermine the moral inhibitors that prevent an individual from engaging in violence. The study focused on South Africa (where xenophobic violence seems to have accelerated during the last two decades) and used data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey. It found a robust association between the frequency of petty corruption experience and participation (past and intentional) in xenophobic violence. This finding holds even when controlling for variables that capture anti-immigrant sentiment, material deprivation and socio-political mobilisation. The article concludes by arguing that reducing xenophobic violence in South Africa will require strengthening efforts to decrease petty corruption.

Study of Insect Impact on an Aerodynamic Body Using a Rotary Wing Simulator

Laminar flow aircraft may potentially save fuel and reduce the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases. However, laminar flow aircraft face challenges caused by contaminations on the wings, such as insect impact residue. To study insect residue on an aircraft airfoil, a new setup was developed that used rotary wings and shot an insect toward the leading edge. This setup kept insects intact before impact while airflow was maintained throughout the experiment. Additionally, the setup enabled the long-term observation of the impact residue while the test speed was adjusted. Two experiments were carried out to investigate inconsistencies from past studies about insect rupture velocity and the effect of airflow on residue. Drosophila Hydei was the insect used, and aluminum was used as the baseline substrate, which was also coated with polyurethane, acrylic, and two superhydrophobic coatings. Instead of a threshold velocity for the minimum rupture velocity of the insect, a range from initial insect rupture to the velocity at which insects ruptured in all instances was determined (i.e., 17–30 m/s). Furthermore, the presence of a coating (polyurethane) on the airfoil did not affect the minimum rupture velocity. It was observed that airflow, which has been previously mentioned as a mitigation method, did not change the residue amount after coagulation for all coatings.

Strategy for Remediation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls-Contaminated Soil Through Redox Management Based on Electronegativity of the Contaminants.

Literature review reveals that Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are electron deficient compounds due to the presence of highly electronegative groups. Hence, they are more amenable to anaerobic biodegradation rather than oxidative metabolism. However, the studies on PCBs bioremediation are more inclined towards aerobic treatment. Besides, the past studies are mainly centered on screening and application of PCB-degrading microorganisms. In our opinion the degradative capacity is already present in the native microflora, and choice of electron donor is of paramount importance for faster reductive metabolism of PCBs. In this study, the use of methanol as electron donor with cow dung as the general microbial inoculum resulted in high specific rate of degradation (0.0542-0.0637 /day) for high-chlorinated biphenyls. The % removal of PCBs ranged between 67.7 and 71.7%. It may be the first study on the application of methanol as a cheap electron donor for PCBs biodegradation without bioaugmentation with specifically selected microorganisms.

The convergence of naturalistic paradigms and cognitive neuroscience methods to investigate memory and its development

Studies that involve lab-based stimuli (e.g., words, pictures) are fundamental in the memory literature. At the same time, there is growing acknowledgment that memory processes assessed in the lab may not be analogous to how memory operates in the real world. Naturalistic paradigms can bridge this gap and over the decades a growing proportion of memory research has involved more naturalistic events. However, there is significant variation in the types of naturalistic studies used to study memory and its development, each with various advantages and limitations. Further, there are notable gaps in how often different types of naturalistic approaches have been combined with cognitive neuroscience methods (e.g., fMRI, EEG) to elucidate the neural processes and substrates involved in memory encoding and retrieval in the real world. Here we summarize and discuss what we identify as progressively more naturalistic methodologies used in the memory literature (movie, virtual reality, staged-events inside and outside of the lab, photo-taking, and naturally occurring event studies). Our goal is to describe each approach’s benefits (e.g., naturalistic quality, feasibility), limitations (e.g., viability of neuroimaging method for event encoding versus event retrieval), and discuss possible future directions with each approach. We focus on child studies, when available, but also highlight past adult studies. Although there is a growing body of child memory research, naturalistic approaches combined with cognitive neuroscience methodologies in this domain remain sparse. Overall, this viewpoint article reviews how we can study memory through the lens of developmental cognitive neuroscience, while utilizing naturalistic and real-world events.

Landslide Risk Management in Areas Affected by Wildfires or Floods: A Comprehensive Framework Integrating GIS, Remote Sensing Techniques, and Regional Climate Models

Over the past few decades, numerous studies and technical surveys have documented a significant number of landslides activated in areas that had recently been affected by wildfires or floods, thereby suggesting a potential link between landslides and these phenomena. With the climate crisis exacerbating the intensity and frequency of wildfires and floods, understanding this link has nowadays become even more crucial and requires further exploration. This study proceeds along this path and establishes a comprehensive framework for rapidly evaluating the effect of a wildfire or a flood on the local landslide mechanism, as well as for effectively managing landslide hazards in the affected area. The proposed framework incorporates advanced Geographical Information System (GIS) tools, remote sensing techniques, and state of the art regional climate models, to assess landslide hazard and risk from wildfires and floods on the impacted area, as well as to offer vital tools for landslide management. Consequently, it provides a comprehensive and thorough assessment of the impact of these catastrophic phenomena on affected areas. Remote sensing and GIS techniques offer a cost-effective solution, as these methods, contrary to traditional in-situ methods, can be easily and rapidly applied even on large and complex areas. The integration of regional climate models also ensures the long-term viability of the proposed approach, as it takes under consideration the impacts of the climate crisis. As a result, the proposed framework contributes to scientists’ ongoing efforts in understanding the dynamic character of the landslides phenomenon that evolves and interacts with other natural disasters. Simultaneously, the results of the proposed methodology can effectively contribute to the local stakeholders’ efforts to promptly assess the relative impact and make informed decisions regarding the required mitigation measures. Wildfires that ravaged the Chania regional unit in western Crete, Greece, in 2021, are selected as a case study to highlight the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed framework.

A Synthetic Time-Series Generation Using a Variational Recurrent Autoencoder with an Attention Mechanism in an Industrial Control System.

Data scarcity is a significant obstacle for modern data science and artificial intelligence research communities. The fact that abundant data are a key element of a powerful prediction model is well known through various past studies. However, industrial control systems (ICS) are operated in a closed environment due to security and privacy issues, so collected data are generally not disclosed. In this environment, synthetic data generation can be a good alternative. However, ICS datasets have time-series characteristics and include features with short- and long-term temporal dependencies. In this paper, we propose the attention-based variational recurrent autoencoder (AVRAE) for generating time-series ICS data. We first extend the evidence lower bound of the variational inference to time-series data. Then, a recurrent neural-network-based autoencoder is designed to take this as the objective. AVRAE employs the attention mechanism to effectively learn the long-term and short-term temporal dependencies ICS data implies. Finally, we present an algorithm for generating synthetic ICS time-series data using learned AVRAE. In a comprehensive evaluation using the ICS dataset HAI and various performance indicators, AVRAE successfully generated visually and statistically plausible synthetic ICS data.

Claims management: a review of challenges faced

The focus on managing claims in the construction industry has gained prominence in recent years due to their unavoidable nature and associated financial impact. Studies have shown that claims and their management consume considerable resources, both of which can be reduced with efficient and effective management. Past studies have also established that improper and inefficient management of claims may result in otherwise unnecessary disputes, resolving which is also a resource-intensive process. This study reviews the range of challenges faced in managing claims. Based on a comprehensive review and evaluation of relevant literature, five broad challenge themes were observed: stakeholder predisposition; insufficient resources allocated for claims management; lack of established procedure for claims management; poor documentation and management of information and lack of general and expert contractual knowledge were observed. The results of this study will facilitate a better understanding of the challenges faced in managing claims, which will in turn help in evaluating existing solutions and in developing more effective solutions that leverage the latest information and communication technology.

Dissociation of Reliability, Heritability, and Predictivity inCoarse- and Fine-Scale Functional Connectomes duringDevelopment.

The functional connectome supports information transmission through the brain at various spatial scales, from exchange between broad cortical regions to finer-scale, vertex-wise connections that underlie specific information processing mechanisms. In adults, while both the coarse- and fine-scale functional connectomes predict cognition, the fine scale can predict up to twice the variance as the coarse-scale functional connectome. Yet, past brain-wide association studies, particularly using large developmental samples, focus on the coarse connectome to understand the neural underpinnings of individual differences in cognition. Using a large cohort of children (age 9-10 years; n = 1,115 individuals; both sexes; 50% female, including 170 monozygotic and 219 dizygotic twin pairs and 337 unrelated individuals), we examine the reliability, heritability, and behavioral relevance of resting-state functional connectivity computed at different spatial scales. We use connectivity hyperalignment to improve access to reliable fine-scale (vertex-wise) connectivity information and compare the fine-scale connectome with the traditional parcel-wise (coarse scale) functional connectomes. Though individual differences in the fine-scale connectome are more reliable than those in the coarse-scale, they are less heritable. Further, the alignment and scale of connectomes influence their ability to predict behavior, whereby some cognitive traits are equally well predicted by both connectome scales, but other, less heritable cognitive traits are better predicted by the fine-scale connectome. Together, our findings suggest there are dissociable individual differences in information processing represented at different scales of the functional connectome which, in turn, have distinct implications for heritability and cognition.