Gender Studies Research Articles

Implementation of Digital Scientific Literacy in Family Education (Gender Study in Remote Areas of South Sulawesi)

: Gender is a crucial aspect in problem-solving within families that can influence a child's social activities in society. Globally, there are disparities between males and females in accessing Digital Scientific Literacy. Access to Digital Scientific Literacy is predominantly observed in urban areas and utilized within the family education context. This study aims to investigate the implementation of family education using the scientific approach, employing the 5M pattern: Observing, Questioning, Trying, Reasoning, and Communicating. The study utilized a Mixed Methods approach involving 100 households, consisting of 80 boys and 80 girls, in remote areas of South Sulawesi. Findings reveal that the application of family-based education rooted in Digital Scientific Literacy remains suboptimal. This is attributed to a lack of parental comprehension regarding Scientific Literacy in remote areas of South Sulawesi. The predominant role in educating children within the family lies with the mothers, while fathers mainly reinforce the implementation of family education. Additionally, there exists a disparity between boys and girls in accessing Digital Scientific Literacy, with boys demonstrating a higher dominance in this domain.

Politeness strategies in Oprah Winfred’s talk show “Adele one night only “: gender and cultural pragmatics study

Politeness strategies in Oprah Winfred’s talk show “Adele one night only “: gender and cultural pragmatics study

Negotiating Heteronormativity: Transgender Women Navigating through Ulwaluko: The Rite of Passage to KwaXhosa Manhood

This qualitative study explores how five transgender Xhosa women navigate identity negotiations and cultural belonging within the profoundly gender-regulating ritual of ulwaluko KwaXhosa, male initiation to manhood. Data generation employed semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Despite acute violence enforcing masculine heteronormativity, findings reveal remarkable resilience as participants subtly expand gender pluralisms during the ritual through quiet defiance and feminine self-expression. Their profound liminality reveals fluidity within the ritual space. Analysing lived negotiations at the crossing lines of cisheteropatriarchy complicates Western gender theory and signals possibilities for radically inclusive African epistemologies recognising pre-colonial legacies of fluid gender diversity. Findings recommend that cultural gatekeepers foster compassionate pluralism and collective courage to transform exclusionary rituals towards radical inclusion.

Exploring Genomic Patterns to Identify Drug-Resistant TB: A Comprehensive Study of Age, Gender, Lineage, and Outcome

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), primarily affecting the lungs, with rising incidence rates. Drug-resistant TB strains, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) types, pose challenges with poor treatment success rates and increased mortality. Demographic factors and genomic patterns contribute to drug resistance, emphasizing the need for new drugs targeting specific genomic patterns.Methods: This study analyzes the impact of demographics, treatment outcomes, and genomic mutations on drug-resistant TB using pattern identification techniques and whole-genome sequencing to discover therapeutic targets. This study primarily focused on the identification and analysis of MDR and XDR strains, considering various demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes. A dataset comprising 2,602 observations was utilized, and pattern recognition techniques were employed to identify significant features. Additionally, the study employs the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) pipeline to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that result in new mutations in drug-resistant Mtb strains.Results: The findings of the study revealed that XDR and MDR non-XDR TB were the most prevalent types of drug resistance, and they were associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes, including death or treatment failure. Males exhibited a higher susceptibility to both XDR and MDR non-XDR TB compared to females. The age of onset for both types of resistance was approximately 40 years. Among the observed variants in 31 commonly occurring genes,Conclusion: These findings introduce a novel set of therapeutic targets specific to MDR and XDR Mtb types, which warrant further investigation for potential therapeutic interventions.Keywords: Tuberculosis; Drug Resistance; Multidrug resistance; Demographics; Dataset; Gene; Mutations

Young children’s expression of gender and sexuality a multimodal research method

ABSTRACT Despite flourishing gender studies over the last decades, gender equality continues to reflect imbalance, with the dominance of gender binary thinking, lacking an emphasis on a more fluid approach where children themselves are active participants. The aim of this study was to explore young children’s perceptions of gender roles and sexuality. The research applied a poststructural feminist theoretical framework as well as a research method inspired by the story completion method and the mosaic approach. The children’s views were underpinned by heteronormativity, but they occasionally diverged from that framework to refer to non-heteronormative families and characters. We argue that our findings demonstrate the considerable impact of heteronormativity on gender relations in preschools and the need to take that influence into account when creating a gender-sensitive pedagogy. Valuing children’s agency, supporting children’s power by listening to their perspectives might be the way forward, towards finding balance to promote gender equality in preschools.

Certainty of implementation of assessor’s office mandates: The case of Jolo Municipal Government

Philippine local governments (LGUs) rely on real property tax (RPT), however its implementation varies. This study evaluates Jolo, Sulu's real property tax system as perceived by municipal government personnel. Purposive sampling yielded 100 employee-respondent survey responses. Study findings: Jolo Municipal Government employee-respondents illustrate a gender gap. Employee-respondents have a positive perception of the Assessor's Office and its mandates, rating it agree in all three areas: Timeliness of Property Assessment, Accuracy of Property Valuation, and Customer Satisfaction. However, the study also shows that the length of service affects employee-respondents' perception of the Assessor's Office depending on their work experience, specifically those with under 10 years of service and those with 21-30 years, or vice versa; and the analysis of correlations among sub-categories under the extent of office mandate implementation shows significant correlation between office performance aspects. There are strong positive relationships between property assessment timeliness, valuation correctness, and client satisfaction. This study advises: Jolo Municipal Government may a gender study of its workforce and implement local government gender equality and diversity policy. Jolo Municipal Government may offer training, mentoring, or scholarships to employees with higher education or longer service to improve their skills and abilities. The Jolo Municipal Government may regularly survey and consult property owners and other stakeholders to improve assessment services and processes. Mixed methods study may examine how the Assessor's Office requirements affect the Jolo Municipal Government's economic, social, and environmental consequences from property owners and other stakeholders.

A decolonial analysis of religious medicalisation of same-sex practices in South African Pentecostalism

Same-sex practices are commonly medicalised in various global spaces. Some societies view same-sex practices as some form of disease that needs to be cured. In Africa, the influence of Christianity has prompted many communities to conclude that there are spiritual forces behind same-sex orientations and practices. Therefore, same-sex practices are demonised, and those identifying with these sexualities and gender identities are viewed as sick, or as having some form of mental illness. As a fast-growing and influential movement in South Africa, Christianity plays a critical role in this narrative. Against this backdrop, this article examined how some Pentecostal pastors in South Africa use God-talk to propel the narrative that medicalises same-sex practices and how these pastors claim to have miraculous powers to heal these practices. Consequently, the gender and sexuality commonly accepted within African religiosity and spirituality are pushed to the peripheries. Therefore, it is argued in this article that the colonial-missionary discourses regarding African sexualities and genders are at play within the religious medicalisation of same-sex narratives. Thus, there is a need to problematise and transform this narrative. This act can contribute to delinking African genders and sexualities from Western repressions and subjugation agendas. The discussion moved from the premise of decoloniality while adopting a multidisciplinary approach that incorporated theology, gender and sexuality studies, psychology, health, and socio-political sciences. Again, the article used secondary literature analysis to examine this phenomenon and to gain a thorough understanding of how African Pentecostalism continues to use God-talk to medicalise same-sex practices in contemporary South Africa and the repercussions thereof.Contribution: The study contributed to the existing knowledge that addresses religious challenges faced by people identifying with non-normative sexualities and genders in Africa. This can contribute to the transformation of religious medicalisation of same-sex practices in South Africa, and elsewhere.

The Influence of Gender on Academic Performance and Psychological Resilience, and the Relationship Between Both: Understanding the Differences Through Gender Stereotypes

AbstractNumerous studies have shown that psychological resilience is a key capability for students to succeed in an academic setting, but few of them have analyzed this connection from the perspective of gender. With the hypothesis that resilience and academic performance correlations are displayed differently across genders, we used the RESI-M questionnaire and academic grades to analyze this assumption. The results showed that there are gender differences in terms of the relationship between psychological resilience and academic performance. While we found that for women some factors of psychological resilience did correlate with their grades, no relationship between any of the factors and academic performance was found in men. As gender theory has claimed, men and women show differences in their behavior due to gender socialization and through the influence of gender stereotypes. Concerning these differences, our results demonstrate that while women make use of their resilience capacity in the form of planning skills and social support to perform better in higher education, men do not. Using our theoretical framework, these results are consistent with how women are socialized to make more effort in the academic setting. Men, on the other hand, tend to be less involved, since trying academically would make them “less of a man”. These results have some important implications for gender equality.

Restoration of gender inequalities through anti-abortion reforms: Can Teubner’s “anonymous matrix of communications” help feminists?

Abstract This article is a response to the new wave of legal changes restricting access to abortion in several countries across the world, which have substantially undermined the global advances in the field of reproductive rights observed in recent years. To address this problem, the article derives insights from two important bodies of literature that are usually perceived as theoretically and ideologically counterposed, namely feminist legal studies and systems theory. In juxtaposing two important academic literatures, the article exposes gaps in both, and it demonstrates the conceptual potentials inherent in this juxtaposition. The article engages with the work of Drucilla Cornell and Gunther Teubner, who – despite their very different intellectual backgrounds – provided progressive interpretations of systems theory. It further critically examines whether societal constitutionalism can help feminists explain the recent developments in abortion law across the world. It engages critically with Teubner’s arguments concerning the role that human rights play in constraining the expansive tendencies of social systems, such as politics and religion, revealing the limitations of Teubner’s arguments in relation to reproductive rights and justice. At the same time, the article helps restate the contemporary relevance of systems-theoretical approaches in atypical fields like reproductive justice and gender studies.

Socio-psychological aspects of gender asymmetry: concepts

In the framework of gender psychology, gender identity is studied, comparative characteristics of men and women (cognitive, emotional, behavioral, motivational, etc.) that determine the social behavior of people. Since gender identity arises as a synthesis of biological and sociocultural factors, the study of gender studies in the context of social psychology gives more effective scientific results.

Gendering the floating voter: A mixed methods study of gender and undecided voters in Britain

Women are more undecided than men about their vote choice, with around 20%–30% of female respondents giving a ‘don’t know’ response to vote intention survey questions in Britain. In this article, we employ a mixed methods research design to explore why women are more likely to be undecided about their vote choice than men. Using survey data, we find that the gender gap in ‘don’t know’ responses is associated with gender gaps in political engagement and perceptions of policy representation. In focus groups, we find differences between men and women in how they want to be represented, and gender differences in conflict-avoidance/conflict-seeking, both of which we expect to contribute to gender differences in making a vote choice in-between elections. Our findings contribute to our understanding of how men and women engage with politics in Britain, as well as having implications for interpreting gender differences in vote intention in surveys.

The Education Impact on the Innovativeness of Female Entrepreneurship: A Systematic Literature Review

The women's education and its potential impact on entrepreneurship and innovation represent a growing interest in socioeconomic academic research (Paoloni and Manzo, 2023; Pereira, 2020; Bishu and Alkandry, 2017). The present paper makes a systematic literature review based on the topic of Gendered Education and Innovation in female entrepreneurship, considering the evolution over almost the last two decades and the current state of the art. The study is based on the Scopus database. It examines articles, books, and indexed conference proceedings that have focused on the influence of women's education on their entrepreneurial journey and innovative capabilities. The studies having in Abstract, Title, or Keywords "education " AND " innovation " AND " entrepreneur* " OR "enterprise*" AND "gender" are 257. Source types, year of publication, field of research, source title, keywords, country/territory, and language classify studies. After this, the most cited studies were analyzed to answer the RQs. The studies reviewed show a positive correlation between women's level of education and the likelihood of engaging in entrepreneurial activities. Education provides technical and managerial skills, boosts self-confidence and expands networking, facilitating access to resources and opportunities (de las Mercedes Barrachina Fernández et al., 2021; Gupta et al., 2009). From a theoretical point of view, the research contributes to gender studies about female entrepreneurship, focusing on the relationship between education and innovation. Analyzing how education influences women's entrepreneurship can help identify and address educational and socio-cultural barriers that limit women's access to entrepreneurship and active participation in innovation. From a managerial perspective, the results of such research can inform public policy, guiding government and organizational efforts in promoting specific educational programs that encourage women's entrepreneurship and innovativeness. Promoting women's innovativeness and entrepreneurship can contribute to overall economic development, as greater inclusion of women in the business landscape can lead to increased diversity, competitiveness and innovation (Minniti and Nardone, 2007; Morton et al., 2016; Pereira, 2019; Pereira and Salaris, 2019; ).

Violencia de Obregón desde los lentes revisionistas de los estudios del género

Violencia (1962) by Alejandro Obregón is a milestone in the history of art in Colombia. It is regarded as an artwork that found a way to symbolize the violence suffered throughout Colombia’s territory and history through modernist tropes. The fusion of body-woman with territory-mountain has been analyzed as a formal strategy to solve the need for a non-literal image of war, but this iconic work has not yet been problematized from the perspective of gender studies. Body politics, studies on the male gaze, and ecofeminism provide the theoretical apparatus that will allow me to argue that Obregón’s painting poses a simultaneous process of territorialization of the body and feminization of the territory, where both body-woman and territory-nature are represented with analogous passive traits.

The Transfigurations/Twists of the Religious: An Introduction to the Theological Epistemology of Marcella Althaus-Reid

Latin American cuir/questioning theology is a recent field of critical studies that not only draws on queer/questioning thought and activism but also contributes to contemporary sex-gendered dissident proposals. This article presents some epistemic contributions from the transfigurations, twists, “indecencies,” and resignifications of the religious. It is presented as an example of this theological integration to the program of the Doctorate in Critical Gender Studies of the Universidad Iberoamericana. In particular, the proposal of this article aims to analyze the intersection body–gender–religion from a hermeneutic approach of the book Dios cuir, by the Argentinean theologian Marcella Althaus-Reid.

Gender bender organizational barriers and women’s career progression: Evidence from commercial banks in Pakistan

The study aims to investigate the effect of gender bender organizational barriers on women career progression in Commercial Banks in Pakistan. The Perceived barriers were gender stereotype, socio-cultural beliefs, organizational structure, family responsibilities and individual characteristics. To serve that purpose, specifically branches of all public and private banks in twin cities i-e Islamabad and Rawalpindi, were selected. Survey research strategy was adopted to collect data from 252 branches of selected sample. Convenience sampling and random sampling techniques were used to select sample of branches. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed among the three clusters which are top managers, middle managers and sub-ordinate. Collected data was tested on IBM SPSS by using multiple linear regression, descriptive statistics reliability and correlation analysis. The findings indicate that gender-specific organizational systems negatively affect women career progression in banks of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The theoretical support was provided by gender and feminist theories and Gendered Organizational Structure (GOS) Model” and its three sub-models.

To live and die in an age of extinction: a conversation with Juno Salazar Parreñas

ABSTRACT This article is a conversation between Marie-Thérèse Talensby, a doctoral student with the Extinction Studies doctoral training programme at the University of Leeds, and Dr Juno Salazar Parreñas, Associate Professor of Science and Technology Studies and Feminist, Gender and Sexuality Studies at Cornell University. Talking over Skype in July 2023, Dr Parreñas reflects on her current research, exploring the death of a tropical polar bear in Singapore Zoo, her work on Orangutan conservation, and the violence inherent in many methods of animal conservation. In doing so, she highlights the entanglements of human and more-than-human lives in what is being described by scientists and conservation organisations as the sixth mass extinction event. Weaving throughout the conversation are more personal reflections on loss and grief, vicarious trauma, and the transformative potential in moments of decolonisation. This article offers a rich reflection on the experience and impact of researching death and loss, encompassing themes of positionality, boundaries, and the broader socio-cultural context of fieldwork encounters, topics highly relevant to Mortality readers.

The Interplay of Tradition and Modernity: A Case Study of Gender Roles in Georgian Society

The case study of gender roles in Georgian society offers valuable insights into the complexities of societal transformation. The interplay between tradition and modernity reflects the dynamic nature of cultural evolution and the ongoing struggle for gender equality. Understanding the dynamics of gender roles in Georgia enhances cultural sensitivity. It acknowledges that gender roles are not universal and are deeply influenced by cultural practices, allowing for a more nuanced and context-specific approach to gender studies. Non-narrative content analysis of respondents’ interviews provides empirical grounding for theories and concepts related to gender roles. This empirical foundation strengthens the validity and reliability of the study's findings. The study can serve as a valuable reference for comparative analyses with other cultural contexts. By highlighting the unique features of gender dynamics in Georgia, it allows for cross-cultural comparisons that enrich our understanding of the diversity of gender experiences globally. The study contributes to the theoretical frameworks of cultural anthropology, and gender studies. It advances our understanding of how these fields can intersect and mutually inform each other, paving the way for further theoretical development. Insights gained from the research can inform practical interventions and policies aimed at challenging and reshaping gender norms in Georgia. By identifying specific linguistic and cultural mechanisms, the study offers tangible entry points for interventions promoting gender equity. The study adopts qualitative methodology to provide a comprehensive understanding of the lived experiences that contribute to the construction and reinforcement of gender roles in Georgia. In the cultural context of Georgia, we hypothesize that individuals' lived experiences and expressions of gender will reflect a negotiation between cultural expectations and evolving societal dynamics, contributing to a complex and dynamic understanding of gender roles in Georgia.

An Analysis of Happiness Among the Female Genders in Select Graphic Novels

What is happiness? Is there a definition for happiness or does it connect with gender? Many philosophers give different interpretations to these queries. For one happiness is being at peace with oneself. This may include the society one inhabits, ones’ abilities, ones’ past, ones’ workspace, ones’ limitations, literatures and art etc. Using pictures to tell stories have been a crucial medium in the history of mankind has evolved from drawing on stone and papyrus and onto paper, and digital formats, but the impact of images remains the same. One such diverse coming of age novels has come into the field of graphic novels. In the turn of the century the medium has explored a wide range of themes and motifs to express creatively this newly found genre. Especially the shattering of gender stereotypes through the female characters is stemming out the need to make their voices strongly heard in the contemporary world. This article aims to look at graphic novels and the level of happiness achieved by the female characters under the light of gender theory. The novels selected to the study are Kari by Amruta Patil, Sita’s Ramayana by Samhita Arni, Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi and Drawing the Line: Indian Women Fight Back a graphic anthology.

The Need for Gender Studies at All Levels of Education in Cameroon

Aim: The need for gender studies and practice in Cameroon cannot be over emphasized or remain only on papers and commemorations such as the celebration of the International Day of the Woman and conventions ratified. This paper aims at elucidating how the top-down educational policy of the government where gender studies are introduced later on under Citizenship Education has failed to inculcate desired values in society. Methods: Data was garnered empirically through observations, through study of conjugal conflict files at the Regional Delegations of the Ministry of Women Empowerment and the Family, and through related scholarly articles, books and online sources. Results: The study found that even with imposed quarters from the UN that have been inculcated in the country’s constitution, and the efforts made so far by government, there’s no parity from the executive right down to legislative, not to go down to communal and family levels in Cameroon. Findings equally show that, many women still ignorantly believe especially in rural areas, that politics is meant only for their male counterparts who are presumably heads of the families. At the level of Higher Education, some male scholars in state universities continue to falsely believe and question the competence of female colleagues. Some cultures still made parents to believe that higher education or schooling in general should be a male domain, thereby retarding the education of the girl child who is lagging behind under the bondage of culture. This is the typical case with the Hausa and Fulani residing in Cameroon and some ethnic groups caught up in discriminatory cultures all over the country. Conclusion: Gender studies should be imposed at all levels of education in Cameroon and African countries to foster gender equality. Recommendations: Government should separate gender studies from citizenship and make it a stand-alone subject known as Gender and Ethnic studies. Parents should undergo gender training courses be it in adult literacy program, and/or future parents are to gain this knowledge in schools before becoming parents to avoid being discriminative. If the gender studies are incorporated in current syllabus, Cameroonians would have no problems with notions like gender equality, equity, mainstreaming.

Editorial Introduction

We are pleased to release the inaugural issue of the Critical Gender Studies Journal (CGSJ). The journal serves as an interdisciplinary platform for exploring the intersection of gender and sexuality with social, cultural, historical, and political contexts. It also aims to foster discussions on the relationship between gender, sexuality, and other facets of identity while challenging assumptions and advocating for social justice. The journal eagerly looks forward to publishing groundbreaking research on gender and sexuality in our time.