Study Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Research Articles

25. Hypertension as the Main Comorbidity Diseases in Covid-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Single Centre in North Sumatera, Indonesia

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the leading worldwide healthcare problem. Clinical observations have shown that patients with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection admitted to the hospital were more often those with diabetes mellitus (DM) or hypertension, and a meta-analysis confirmed these findings. Studies of co-morbidities associated with an unfavorable outcome pointed to hypertension and DM as the main comorbid disease along with cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive lung disease. Objective: to investigate the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, laboratory results, and outcomes Method: All patients aged 18 years or older, who were admitted to Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital for COVID-19 and confirmed with DM, during June 2020 - December 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The discharge summary, states whether the patient is recovered or dead at the end of the hospital stay. Result: This study was conducted on 141 inpatients, admitted to hospital for COVID-19. Of a total of 90 patients who were confirmed with DM (63.8%), only 37 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria with comorbidities of hypertension (35·1%), cardiovascular disease (10·8%), chronic kidney disease (8·1%), chronic obstructive lung disease (7·1%), and without comorbidities other than DM (13.5%). Mean age was 60.7 (±11.11) years; 54.1% of the patients were male. The most common symptoms were cough (70.3%). Diarrhea was uncommon (8.1%). 35.1% of these patients died. Conclusion: The most frequent comorbidities in this study of COVID-19 patients with DM are hypertension

Interim analysis of a multicenter registry study of COVID-19 patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Japan (J-COSMOS)

BackgroundThe spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a major impact on the health of people worldwide. The clinical background and clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among Japanese patients with COVID-19 remains unclear.MethodsThis study is an observational cohort of Japanese IBD patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Data on age, sex, IBD (classification, treatment, and activity), COVID-19 symptoms and severity, and treatment of COVID-19 were analyzed.ResultsFrom 72 participating facilities in Japan, 187 patients were registered from June 2020 to October 2021. The estimated incidence of COVID19 in Japanese IBD patients was 0.61%. The majority of IBD patients with COVID-19 (73%) were in clinical remission. According to the WHO classification regarding COVID-19 severity, 93% (172/184) of IBD patients had non-severe episodes, while 7% (12/184) were severe cases including serious conditions. 90.9% (165/187) of IBD patients with COVID-19 had no change in IBD disease activity. A logistic regression analysis stepwise method revealed that older age, higher body mass index (BMI), and steroid use were independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity. Six of nine patients who had COVID-19 after vaccination were receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibodies.ConclusionAge, BMI and steroid use were associated with COVID-19 severity in Japanese IBD patients.

Viral shedding in asymptomatic versus symptomatic patients with COVID-19

BackgroundAn outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is becoming a public health emergency. Data are limited on the association between a prolonged viral shedding in patients with COVID-19 and having symptoms. We aimed to study the association between the presence of symptoms and recovery time of COVID-19 confirmed patients.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients admitted to the designated national COVID-19 center in Monastir, Tunisia from March to July 2020. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess viral shedding in asymptomatic versus symptomatic patients with COVID-19.ResultsAmong the 264 patients included in the study, symptoms such as anosmia, dry cough, and fatigue were reported by 34.4% (n = 75) of cases. The median time to RNA viral conversion was 24 days (IQR 18-36 days) for symptomatic patients versus 20 days (IQR 16-30 days) for asymptomatic patients. Having symptoms was significantly associated with a prolonged viral shedding (HR 0.600, 95% CI 0.401-0.897) (p = 0.013).ConclusionsOur findings revealed that having symptoms delayed viral clearance among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, symptomatology should be taken into consideration in isolation strategy for infected patients.Key messages Having symptoms was associated with a delay in SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance.The presence of symptoms should be taken into consideration for patient’s isolation strategy.

Predictors of Mortality in COVID-19 Patients in Southern California - Retrospective Multicenter Study.

IntroductionThe majority of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recover from the illness after suffering mild to moderate symptoms, while approximately 20% progress to severe or critical disease, which may result in death. Understanding the predictors of severe disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients will help to risk stratify patients and improve clinical decision making. US data to inform this understanding are, however, scarce. We studied predictors of COVID-19 mortality in a cohort of 1,116 hospitalized patients in Southern California in the United States.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 patients admitted at two hospitals in Southern California United States between March 2020 and March 2021. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of the relationship between mortality and other variables such as demographics, comorbidities, and laboratory values were performed, with a p-value of 0.05 considered as significant.ResultsThe analysis involved 1,116 COVID-19 patients, of which 51.5% were males and 48.5% were females. Of the 1,116 patients, 81.6% were whites, 7.2% were blacks, and 11.2% were other races. After adjusting for co-variables, age (p<0.001), admission to intensive care unit (p< 0.001), use of remdesivir (p=0.018), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p<0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (p=0.039) were independently associated with mortality in our study. Gender, race, body mass index, presence of co-morbidities such as diabetes and hypertension, and use of steroid, statin, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers were not associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis.ConclusionIn the cohort we studied, admission to intensive care unit was associated with decreased mortality while older age, use of remdesivir, and high levels of CRP and LDH were associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients.