25. Hypertension as the Main Comorbidity Diseases in Covid-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Single Centre in North Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the leading worldwide healthcare problem. Clinical observations have shown that patients with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection admitted to the hospital were more often those with diabetes mellitus (DM) or hypertension, and a meta-analysis confirmed these findings. Studies of co-morbidities associated with an unfavorable outcome pointed to hypertension and DM as the main comorbid disease along with cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive lung disease. Objective: to investigate the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, laboratory results, and outcomes Method: All patients aged 18 years or older, who were admitted to Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital for COVID-19 and confirmed with DM, during June 2020 - December 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The discharge summary, states whether the patient is recovered or dead at the end of the hospital stay. Result: This study was conducted on 141 inpatients, admitted to hospital for COVID-19. Of a total of 90 patients who were confirmed with DM (63.8%), only 37 patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria with comorbidities of hypertension (35·1%), cardiovascular disease (10·8%), chronic kidney disease (8·1%), chronic obstructive lung disease (7·1%), and without comorbidities other than DM (13.5%). Mean age was 60.7 (±11.11) years; 54.1% of the patients were male. The most common symptoms were cough (70.3%). Diarrhea was uncommon (8.1%). 35.1% of these patients died. Conclusion: The most frequent comorbidities in this study of COVID-19 patients with DM are hypertension