Studio Team Research Articles

Expansion of the Community Engagement Studio Method: Deepening Community Participation in Health Care Innovation

Abstract: Background: The Community Engagement Studio (CE Studio) method has emerged as a valuable model for community participation in health innovation research, and we advance the model by expanding the timing and number of CE Studio sessions, as well as facilitation. Objectives: The authors expanded the CE Studio method first to include five sessions corresponding to five phases of innovation: a) health experiences, b) community readiness, c) design features, d) adoption, and e) sustainability. Community experts were engaged throughout the duration of the research. Second, the authors positioned the CE Studio Team to be deeply embedded within the research team and the community of interest through community health workers. Methods: The expanded CE Studio method was incorporated into a federally funded research project focused on a health technology platform. The CE Studio Team held five sessions with each of four community expert panels (total of 20 sessions) based on race/ethnicity and language: African American, Asian American, English-speaking Latinx, and Spanishspeaking Latinx. Conclusions: CE Studio sessions revealed community experts' shared and unique evolving and deepening perspectives that show promise for expanding the model.

Effects of Biochar on Yield of Chilli, and Soil Chemical Properties

Aims: To examine the effects of different doses of biocharon the yield of chili and soil chemical properties under the Samtenling condition which represents the wet-subtropical agro-climatic zone of Bhutan.
 Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used for the study with three replications and five treatments.
 Place and Duration of Study: Agriculture Research and Development Centre (ARDC), Samtenling, Sarpang district located in southern Bhutan, between October 2020 and May 2021.
 Methodology: Composite soil samples were collected before and after biochar addition and their chemical properties were analyzed at Soil and Plant Analytical Laboratory (SPAL), National Soil Services Centre, Thimphu. One hybrid variety (sv2319HA) of chili was used in all the treatments with five different biochar doses (No biochar addition, biochar addition @ 0.8 t acre-1, 1.6 t acre-1, 3.2 t acre-1, and 4.9 t acre-1). Growth and yield data of chili were collected and analyzed using the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) at P = .05using R studio team (2021), version 1.4.1103.
 Results: The yield of chilli significantly differed (P = .03) under different doses of biochar but variations in growth were insignificant except the number of branches (P = .03). Overall, the yield of chili increased from 0.3 t acre-1 to 0.9 t acre-1 with an increase in biochar rates from 0.8 t acre-1 to 3.2 t acre-1. Biochar addition of 3.2 t acre-1 significantly increased the yield of chili (0.95 t acre-1) as compared to control (0.346 t acre-1). Soil pH, % nitrogen, available P (mg kg-1), available K (mg kg-1), CEC, % BS, and % organic matter increased with increasing quantities of rice husk biochar.
 Conclusion: The different doses of biochar addition to the soil had a significantly positive impact on the yield of chili as it also improved the soil’s chemical properties. The addition of 3.2 t acre-1of biochar may be recommended as per the study since the maximum yield of chilli was recorded in soil treated with biochar @3.2t acre-1.

Environmental Displacement and Mental Well-Being in Banjarnegara, Indonesia.

Background:Residential moves (displacement) owing to climate- and weather-related disasters may significantly impact mental health. Despite the growing risk from climate change, health impacts of environmental-mobility remain understudied.Objectives:We assessed the effects of displacement on the association between landslides and changes in perceived mental well-being in Banjarnegara, Indonesia. We also investigated whether sociodemographics (age, sex, level of education, household-level income, or employment in agriculture) and landslide characteristics (number and severity of landslides) were associated with differing odds of relocation after experiencing landslides.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 420 individuals who experienced landslides between 2014 and 2018 to assess perceived changes in mental well-being, comparing after landslide exposure to before landslide exposure. We used a novel six-item measure that was created in collaboration with the local community to compare perceived changes between those who were displaced by landslides and those who were not displaced, using logistic and multinomial regressions adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. We then assessed whether the odds of displacement differed based on sociodemographic characteristics and landslide exposure characteristics, using logistic regressions.Results:Those who were displaced were more likely than those who were not displaced to report perceived increases in economic stability [; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45, 6.46], optimism (; 95% CI: 1.87, 8.61), safety (; 95% CI: 1.44, 5.10), religiosity (; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.65), and closeness with community (; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.33) after landslides compared with before their first landslide during the study period. More frequent landslide exposures were associated with reduced odds of relocation, but more severe landslides were associated with increased odds of relocation.Discussion:These findings suggest that landslides affect the mental well-being not only of those who are displaced but also of those who are left behind. Further, this work supports the need for community-based participatory research to fully capture the health impacts of environmental mobility. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9391

Section Meetings

The Washington, D.C., Sec-tion’s April meeting took place virtually with an in-depth tour of the new NBC News bureau facility at 400 North Capital Street, just a short distance from Capitol Hill. The Zoom gathering began with Section Chair Maciej Ochman calling the meeting to order and conducting a short business meeting before introducing a panel consisting of three NBC employees, Stacy Brady, Jay Hurt, and Marc Greenstein, who provided information about the new bureau and served as tour guides. Bruce Milton, a member of the studio team at the Department of Homeland Security’s Transportation Security Administration, served as moderator during the virtual activity.

Time Pressure and the Extent of Homophily in the Workplace Communications of A/E Design Teams

Workplace collaboration depends on communication and is critical in building design. For large, highly diverse teams, such as those found in architecture and engineering (A/E) who work under timebased deadlines, homophily—or the tendency to seek interactions with others of similar backgrounds and values—can play a role in how individuals communicate. Homophily is potentially damaging to teams that must coordinate information from a diverse membership, since communication may become less likely to occur across disciplines. Therefore, this research examines the extent to which a sampled A/E team exhibits homophily in their information exchanges across multiple communication media, when under the moderating effect of two different levels of time pressure. The study uses a social network analysis of the communication patterns in an 18-member studio team working for a national A/E firm located in the southeastern United States. The results show some evidence of homophily as a predictor of information exchanges when controlling for the hierarchical ties within the studio team and the physical distance between its members in the office. In a low time pressure work environment, face-to-face communication was more likely when members were of the same gender. This effect was not present when the team was under high time pressure, where face-to-face interactions were instead more likely between members of the same discipline. Homophily in phone communication was found in the generational similarity of team members, regardless of time pressure. There was little evidence that homophily was a predictor of email communication. These results have implications for the design of studio workplaces that support information-rich interactions, the assignment of individual designers to project teams that are more likely to interact with co-workers from different backgrounds, and organizational policy regarding the use of specific communication media based on the project schedule and time pressure.

Printing in a pandemic: the makers response to COVID-19

uCreate Studio is the University of Edinburgh’s Community Makerspace. The uCreate Studio team worked throughout the COVID-19 lockdown, collaborating with other local teams to produce personal protective equipment (PPE) for staff in the National Health Service locally. This paper describes the work of the uCreate Studio team and how they used their skills, knowledge, network of contacts, and the specialist equipment in the uCreate Studio in the production of PPE.

Construction and management of Parkinson's care and nursing studio based on multidisciplinary collaboration

Objective To provide Parkinson's patients with health education consultation and personalized rehabilitation programs through the construction and standardized management of Parkinson's care and nursing studio, and to improve the quality of continuous rehabilitation of Parkinson's patients after discharge. Methods Using the convenient sampling method, 168 patients who attended the Parkinson Care and Nursing Studio in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from April 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the subjects. Parkinson's care and nursing studio was set reasonably, a standardized management system was established, the service objects in the process of diagnosis and treatment were clarified, and the work content of the nursing studio was determined. The Parkinson's care and nursing studio team was led by the head nurse of the Department of Dyskinesia. Multidisciplinary collaboration was adopted, and there were 12 members in this team. An electronic file of the visited patient was established, and the patient's physical function and structure, the individual ability to complete tasks or actions, and the ability to participate in family and society were fully evaluated. Based on this, an objective and individualized rehabilitation training program was developed. Analyze studio workload and patients' satisfacation rate, comepare patient's medication compliance before and after intervention. Results Since the opening of the Parkinson's Care Studio in April 2018, 12 members have been sent out in rotation, and a total of 168 patients have been treated. Parkinson's nursing care studio has a high evaluation and the very satisfied rate was 95.6%. After the intervention, the patient's medication compliance increased, and the difference was statistically significant before and after the intervention (P<0.05) . Conclusions The construction and standardized management of Parkinson's care and nursing studio will help improve the disease management and medication compliance of patients with Parkinson's disease, and it will be beneficial to the improvement of nurses' own value. Key words: Parkinson disease; Care; Nursing studio

A Recursive Web of Models: Studio Tomás Saraceno's Working Objects

This article addresses contemporary artist-architect Tomás Saraceno and his studio team's work in the context of art and science collaborations. The text pays special attention to how their artistic practice deals with questions of environmental formations and agency. Besides a context in speculative architecture, this article approaches Saraceno's material engagement as working objects, borrowing the term from Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison's work. The studio's engagement with images, sculptures, and other material objects is relevant to a broader set of discussions about materiality and the modelization of and through living beings. The article argues how spatial (spider) web constructions and sculptures work as diffractive yet productive models, concluding with how these models engage with larger questions of environmental humanities and practice-based art methods.

Roaring bitmaps: Implementation of an optimized software library

SummaryCompressed bitmap indexes are used in systems such as Git or Oracle to accelerate queries. They represent sets and often support operations such as unions, intersections, differences, and symmetric differences. Several important systems such as Elasticsearch, Apache Spark, Netflix's Atlas, LinkedIn's Pivot, Metamarkets' Druid, Pilosa, Apache Hive, Apache Tez, Microsoft Visual Studio Team Services, and Apache Kylin rely on a specific type of compressed bitmap index called Roaring. We present an optimized software library written in C implementing Roaring bitmaps: CRoaring. It benefits from several algorithms designed for the single‐instruction–multiple‐data instructions available on commodity processors. In particular, we present vectorized algorithms to compute the intersection, union, difference, and symmetric difference between arrays. We benchmark the library against a wide range of competitive alternatives, identifying weaknesses and strengths in our software. Our work is available under a liberal open‐source license.

Exploration of Climate Change in Architectural Design Studio

Many researches reveal that climate change is a significant public issue. With the rising awareness of climate change impacts by both national and international bodies, building climate resilience has become a major goal for many institutions. This influence began to find path in architectural design education. Architectural design education is mostly given in the design studios. Each semester, the studio instructors prepare design briefs that need to be completed in a required period of time with given constraints. This is an opportunity for the design studios to adapt new theories and approaches like climate change into the design study. This article describes the experiences of the studio team after the design work proposed for climate. The study explains the transition from research to design stage. The studio tutors collected data after close observations on 42 students from Yasar University, School of Architecture third year studio.

Manipulating rainfall to study symptom expression of &lt;i&gt;Botrytis cinerea&lt;/i&gt; infection in wine grapes

Manipulating rainfall to study symptom expression of &lt;i&gt;Botrytis cinerea&lt;/i&gt; infection in wine grapes

Bower Sala 08 Revisited: Lessons for Community-Based Live Projects

To fulfill their engagement agendas many schools of architecture step from the academy into the ‘real’ world and work with ‘real’ clients. These types of projects have been described as ‘live’ projects and a subsection of these can be described within the ‘design/build’ format as they work towards the production of a built outcome. Reflecting on these projects gives participating schools the confidence to continue their own initiatives and helps strengthen the value of the built outcomes within specific context locations and within participant communities. This paper reflects on the Bower Sala project that took place in 2008 as a joint initiative between Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Thailand and the Bower Studio team from Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning, the University of Melbourne, Australia working with partners not-for-profit Population and Community Development Association (PDA) and the Nong Tong Lim community in Buriram province in the ‘Isaan’ region of Thailand. A team of architecture, landscape architecture and construction students prefabricated and erected a pavilion, literally sala in Thai, in the grounds of the community clinic. This sala had a dual purpose by providing a place for people to wait to visit the clinic and as a place for occasional community gatherings. People from within the community contributed during the on-site construction phase lasting a further four days. Carefully revisiting the Bower Sala project in 2015 helps to see the dynamics of the sala’s usage by the community residents by reviewing the modifications undertaken in the intervening years. Interviews and physical trace analysis assist to identify residents’ modification to the sala. These types of changes are to be expected within the live project model and reflect the changing needs and aspirations of the participant communities. The paper re-establishes the value of cooperative, multidisciplinary and multicultural learning mixing the expertise and values of various stakeholders to work to a built outcome. Reaffirming the capacity of student teams to engage positively with both cultural and technical matters the paper goes on to demonstrate how reflection and reaction of projects of this scale can be a catalyst for on-going and deeper work within marginalized communities concentrating on links between technologies and specific cultural norms. The paper assists in setting improved frameworks for subsequent larger initiatives utilizing the ‘live project’ format as an innovative pedagogy for community-based design project.

FILMIFICATION OF METHODS AND AN EXAMPLE OF ITS APPLICATIONS

A user-oriented programming paradigm based on the "filmification" of methods is developed by the Active Knowledge Studio team at the University of Aizu. Within this paradigm, an algorithmic "cyberFilm" is a set of multimedia frames where different groups of frames represent different algorithmic features from multiple views. Because of the multiple views and multimedia, users can understand the algorithm correctly and easily. In this paper, an example of the filmification of methods is presented, related to cyberFilm frames of the thermal conduction problem solved with the Gauss-Jordan method. Through these frames, features of the algorithm are presented, and an essential compactness of an integrated view, considered as a visual program, is explained. Examples of program templates supporting the cyberFilm frames are also presented. Two types of program synthesis schemes supporting program synthesis are also described.

The very best of James Brown?

Certain critical voices, typically in the world of jazz, have suggested that reissuing alternate takes can be both aesthetically and ethically disrespectful to the artists' and producers' original decisions about the relative value of the various takes. This point of view is, for example, exhibited on ESP discs, which all bear the slogan ‘THE ARTISTS ALONE DECIDE WHAT YOU WILL HEAR ON THEIR ESP-DISK’. In other words, when Charlie Parker recorded ‘Parker's Mood’, and the studio team decided to issue only one take, should we be able to listen to the other four that they rejected, but which were all released by Savoy on The Charlie Parker Memorial Albums?