Primary School-aged Students Research Articles

Urine Screening and 9 Years' Medical Record System Follow-Up Among School Students in Wenzhou, China.

School urinary screening programming can be useful for the early detection of renal and urinary disorders. However, urine screening is not included in the school health check-up in our region. Therefore, from February 2012 to March 2021, 12,497 school students were screened for urinalysis, and a long-term follow-up took place via an electronic medical record system. Among these screened students, 719 (5.75%) positive individuals received a repeat urinalysis 2 weeks later. During the 9-year medical record system follow-up period, 5 children had renal biopsies and 2 children had a diagnosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), while the remaining 3 children were diagnosed with thin basement membrane disease (TBM), primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS), and were suspected of C3 glomerulopathy, respectively. By this, calling for the school urine screening program as a physical examination item for primary and secondary school-aged students will contribute to enabling early detection of urine abnormalities and allow for early treatment.

Tele-Assessments in Rural and Remote Schools – Perspectives of Support Teachers

Tele-assessments may enable specialist evaluation of students in schools and their progress following intervention. The aim of this project was to evaluate the feasibility of using videoconferencing technology to assess students with reading difficulties in the school setting and obtain the perspectives of teachers supporting the students during the assessment. Teachers ( n = 57) of 71 primary school age students participated in the study. Teachers provided feedback on the tele-assessment by completing questionnaires about students’ behaviours and the quality of the technology and assessment process. Randomly selected teachers ( n = 24) were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview to provide qualitative feedback. Tele-assessments were completed in 93.4% of the sample. Support teachers reported satisfaction with the audio and visual quality as well as the assessment process. The majority of students completed the tele-assessment with good compliance, engagement and attention. Feedback from support teachers also reflected the strengths of tele-assessments, such as better access to service, cost saving and convenience. Barriers to tele-assessments included technical difficulties, assessment limitations and equipment issues at schools. Tele-assessment is a feasible method of objectively measuring outcomes of students following an intervention. Tele-assessment at school is largely accepted by teachers who supported students in this study. Feedback obtained from this research may be used to offer guidance on undertaking tele-assessments with students in the school setting.

Awareness of junior schoolchildren about aspects of healthy lifestyle

The full development of primary school students in accordance with their age and psychophysiological characteristics involves their involvement in the principles of a healthy lifestyle. This requires the development of sound and well-founded knowledge on how to preserve and promote health. The purpose of the work is to establish the level of informed primary school students about the means and methods of maintaining good health. The study involved 147 students of primary school age in secondary schools. Kyiv. Among the research methods are questionnaires and statistical analysis of personal data. Results. It was found that the vast majority of younger students (p <0.05) have an idea of the role of physical culture in maintaining and promoting health and have knowledge of the necessary equipment for exercise. However, in general, younger students did not determine which well- being is optimal for independent exercise. Thus, 31.29% of respondents said they did not know the answer, 11.56% believe that classes on the background of fatigue can "relieve fatigue", and 4.08 and 3.04% of children think that classes on the background of illness or illness conditions, respectively, can overcome the disease. Unfortunately, the lack of awareness of primary school students in the issues of safe behavior while bathing was stated. Also among the respondents is the share of children with misconceptions about breathing while walking and running, about eating before exercise and drinking during exercise. At the same time, younger students have a vague idea of the criteria by which they can control their body condition, methods of hardening, and are not guided by the question of what is the optimal duration of morning hygienic exercises and daily walks in the fresh air. Therefore, there is a need to organize additional activities aimed at expanding the health-preserving knowledge of primary school students both in educational institutions and abroad.

Interdisciplinary analysis of the influence of monolingualism and bilingualism on personality traits

In the age of globalization, computerization, digitalization, the problem of the presence of such qualities as soft skills, which include emotional intelligence, communication skills, the ability to solve problems, the ability to make decisions, the ability to work in a team, independence, introspection, selforganization, reflection and other qualities, is becoming urgent. These qualities should ensure the competitiveness of a young specialist in a constantly changing increasingly complex world in the age of widespread digital technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of things, etc. The article analyzes the results of a study carried out among students of primary school age and student age. It was necessary to find out what advantages the knowledge of two languages (native and non-native) gives students in the development of cognitive abilities and personality traits. To this end, an interdisciplinary analysis of the influence of bilingualism on the development of cognitive processes and personal qualities of two age categories was carried out. The analysis of the research results shows that bilingualism gives certain advantages in the development of the abilities of students of primary school and student age to adapt, communicative qualities, in the ability to pose and solve problems, in the ability to defend their beliefs and interests.

A systematic review of the academic achievement of primary and secondary school-aged students with developmental language disorder.

The ability to communicate is a fundamental skill required to participate in school. Students with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) have persistent and significant language difficulties that impact daily functioning. However, the impact of DLD on the academic achievement of primary and secondary school-aged students has received limited attention. A systematic review of the empirical research published between 2008 and 2020 was undertaken to identify studies that have examined the academic achievement of school-aged students with DLD within curriculum areas. A total of 44 studies were identified that met inclusion criteria for review. Students with DLD demonstrated difficulties with academic achievement across all measured curriculum areas compared to their typically developing peers. Most studies focused on literacy skills, including reading, spelling, writing and narratives. The performance of students with DLD was heterogeneous with individual students demonstrating relative strengths in some areas of academic achievement. The implications of these results for educational practices and future research are discussed.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ С ПРИЗНАКАМИ ОДАРЕННОСТИ

The results of numerous studies in the field of pedagogy and psychology indicate the peculiarities of the development of gifted children and the specifics of their interaction with the microsocium. This specificity affects the success of timely solving the problems of socializing gifted children. Problems in solving a block of problems can lead to maladaptation or even victimization of students. The relevance of the issue of solving the problems of socializing gifted children successfully is at all age stages and at each has its own specificity. During primary school age, it is not always possible to talk about the gifted child. Mostly we are talking about signs of giftedness. At the same time, the support and assistance of such children become especially important for the disclosure of their potential and the development of abilities in the context of the crisis of adaptation to school and during further training in the student community. At the same time, the creation of conditions for the harmonious development of all spheres of the child and the timely solution of all blocks of socialization tasks remains extremely important. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of solving socio-cultural problems in socialization of primary school age children with giftedness signs. To solve the presented goal, we conducted a study on the basis of two general education organizations in the city of Kostroma, which covered 217 students. Based on the developed indicators (cognitive interests, creativity, performance and victories in competitions), a group of primary school-age students with signs of giftedness was identified, which became the main sample of our study (n=61). This group of children participated in a study aimed at studying the features of solving natural-cultural, socio-cultural and socio-psychological problems of socializing children of primary school age with signs of giftedness. In this article, we present the results of studying the peculiarities of solving the socio-cultural problems of primary school age students by socializing younger schoolchildren with signs of giftedness.

The practice of introducing an electronic health passport in educational institutions

Introduction. Monitoring of students' health and physical fitness in general educational institutions is an integral part of the educational process, however, it takes much time on the part of teachers and school authorities responsible for collecting and storing information about health. The research relevance is substantiated by the need to preserve and strengthen students' health due to the dependence of the quality of education on the level of students' health and their performance. The research purpose was to test an electronic health passport in educational institutions for a comprehensive assessment of students' health and physical fitness indicators. Materials and methods. More than 600 schoolchildren of three age groups took part in the study: students aged 8-9 (298 students), 12-13 (244 schoolchildren), 15-16 (119 boys and girls) from general educational institutions in Lipetsk. Methods of assessing the morphofunctional state (measurement of body weight and length, blood pressure, heart rate monitoring, health coefficient calculation), the questionnaire method (assessment of school motivation, the study of self-esteem, diagnostics of learning motivation and emotional attitude to learning, the Ladder test) and methods of assessing physical fitness included in the All-Russian Physical Education and Sports Complex "Ready for Labor and Defense" were used. Research results. Significant differences (p<0.05) were determined in indicators of the health coefficient among schoolchildren from three general educational institutions in Lipetsk, and a tendency towards a decrease in the level of students' health from the lower grades to the higher ones was revealed. A decrease in indicators of school motivation and interest in the learning process was found in half of the students of primary school age (13-14 points out of 30 possible ones) and the majority of secondary school students (8-13 points out of 60 possible ones) and senior school students (7-12 points out of 60 possible ones). An insignificant difference (p>0.05) was found in the indicators of physical fitness of schoolchildren with different training profiles. The practice of introducing an automated electronic health passport system made it possible to systematize large amounts of information on various parameters characterizing the students' health and physical fitness in the shortest possible time and to optimize the teachers' work. Conclusion. The authors presented an experience of approbation of an electronic health passport, which made it possible to determine the level of physical, mental health and physical fitness of each student or group of students, formulate recommendations for students, parents and heads of educational institutions, as well as conduct a comparative characteristic of the studied indicators of schoolchildren from various educational institutions.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ОБРАЗА СТРАХА В МЛАДШЕМ ШКОЛЬНОМ ВОЗРАСТЕ

The relevance of the research is due to the role of the image of fear in the modern psychological literature on art therapy and drawing techniques, that do not correspond to the new technologically determined trends in the development of the world, and carry outdated information about images reflecting children's fear. The presented study reflects the manifestation of the image of fear in younger schoolchildren by means of an art-therapeutic method of work, conversation and analysis of children's drawings, revealing new images of fear and its sources due to the trends of the modern social world. The study of fear, in the modern interpretation of the changing world, is important for understanding its essence, the threats it carries, the peculiarities of the manifestation and development of the personal potential of schoolchildren. Fear - as an indicator of a child's development, it can reflect the level of development, the individuality of perception of the world and the peculiarity of adaptation. The problem of the child's fears reflects family well-being, revealing the relationship between parents and the child, their attitude to his development and position in social, interpersonal, interethnic interaction affecting the orientation and adaptation of the child in the socio-cultural environment. The study involved 50 primary school-age students of the Nur–Sultan gymnasium. In the course of the article, three main sources of fear were identified, a new image of fear in the children's drawing was revealed, reflecting the external influence of the Internet space on primary school-age students. The results obtained allow us to conclude that primary school age is one of the most difficult age periods in which neurotic fears may appear, which subsequently worsen the emotional state of children.

ДИАГНОСТИКА КОММУНИКАТИВНЫХ УЧЕБНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ МЛАДШЕГО ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА С ЛЕГКОЙ УМСТВЕННОЙ ОТСТАЛОСТЬЮ

Statement of the problem. In terms of the concept of development of education for students with disabilities for the period of 2020-2030 and according to the Federal State Educational Standard for students with intellectual disabilities, the harmonious development of both academic educational results and life competence necessary for a student with special educational needs in various social situations is declared one of the main strategic directions for the development of children of early school age. The Basic Learning Action Program (BLAP), as a structural element of the Federal Standard, does not contradict the indicated idea and aims not only at the formation and development of mentally retarded students, but also at ensuring the conditions for their socialization, including their life competence development. The analysis of educational theory and practice made it possible to distinguish a contradiction between the development of the basic provisions of active and differentiated approaches and the insufficient theoretical development of the criteria and levels of formation of communicative learning activities (CLA) of students of early school age with mild mental retardation in order to form the phenomenon under research. The problem solved in the article is the search for theoretical grounds for revealing the essence, structure of CLA of students of early school age with a mild degree of intellectual disabilities in order to develop the diagnostics of the phenomenon under research. The purpose of the article is to disclose the essence, structure of CLA of students of early school age with mild intellectual disabilities; to identify and characterize formation levels of the investigated phenomenon in order to develop diagnostics of CLA formation in the context of the research subject. Methodology (materials and methods) is based on the active and differentiated approaches to education of students with intellectual disabilities; analysis of official documents, scientific psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem of development of basic learning activities in students with intellectual disabilities. Research results. Based on the analysis of scientific works of Russian and foreign researchers and the regulatory and legal framework, the essence and structure of CLA of students of early school age with mild intellectual disabilities was revealed; minimum evaluation and diagnostic map of formation of the investigated phenomenon has been developed; variable communicative situations in which CLA of students of early school age with mild intellectual disabilities are manifested and formed are identified. Conclusion. The developed diagnosis of CLA of students of primary school age with intellectual disabilities will allow tracking their dynamics and making timely adjustments in the organization and implementation of their formation at the level of primary general education and with appropriate modification actions at subsequent educational levels.

Has the Stereotype of the Scientist Changed in Early Primary School–Aged Students Due to COVID-19?

The image that students have of scientists and their context appears distorted by multiple factors. The detection and modification of this image is important because this is related to scientific vocations. This research analyzes the drawings made by 128 early primary school–aged students (58 girls and 70 boys) from 6 to 8 years to determine the image they have regarding the scientist, their activity, and their environment, and how the current situation due to COVID-19 may affect this image. The analysis rubric defined in the modified Draw A Scientific Test-prompt was used. Results indicate that the image that the students have, in general, is far from the traditional one. Thus, the students draw both young women and men working in science, the girls being the ones who most habitually represent scenes broader than traditional. In addition, the influence of the COVID-19 crisis is perceived in some of the illustrations.

Learning strategies in primary school-age students

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between personality traits, motivation and learning strategies of primary school students. A total of 193 students filled out Personality Traits Questionnaire for Children, Goal Orientations Questionnaaire and The Learning Strategies Questionnaire. Results showed that male students, compared to female students, were more inclined to goals aimed at others and non-academic goals. Female students, compared to male students, used meta-cognitive control and deep processing more often. Younger students rated goals aimed at themselves and others more important, and used all three types of learning strategies more often. Regression analyses showed that both personality traits and students’ goal orientations significantly contributed to all of the learning strategies variance. Conscientiousness and emotional stability were the most important predictors among Big five personality traits. Self-oriented goals were significant predictors of metacognitive control and deep processing, while goals oriented at others significantly predicted surface processing.

Formation of spirituality, morality and patriotic feelings in children of primary school age

The article deals with the specific aspects of the formation of spirituality, morality and patriotic feelings in children of primary school age. Spirituality, morality, and patriotic feelings are unchangeable universal values that may sound different, but their semantic content is identical among different peoples. The formation of these values is possible already in primary school age. It is spiritual and moral education that sets the attitudes that affect the essence of human relationships. The personality becomes spiritually richer through the introduction of children of the first stage of education to spiritual and moral values, through the formation of an attitude to themselves and to other people, to the surrounding world as a value, the development of the consciousness of the younger student and his spiritual qualities. The formation of moral qualities in students of primary school age will be more productive when creating a number of pedagogical conditions, since they are the most manageable, aimed at forming a certain kind of relationship. The analysis of theoretical sources gives us a reason to conclude that the problem of the spirituality of the individual occupies one of the central places in the system of knowledge about a person, and has repeatedly become the object of research by philosophers, psychologists and teachers. In order to identify the pedagogical conditions for the formation of spirituality, morality and patriotic feelings in younger schoolchildren by determining the level of formation of these qualities in students, a study was conducted in MBOU Secondary School No. 20 in Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol Territory. The authors identified the criteria of educational work on the formation of patriotic feelings and determine the stages of patriotic education in children of primary school age.

Psychological support for inclusive and digital education in the strategies and educational programs of Kazakhstan and Mongolia

The article discusses the main directions of the psychological support of inclusive education in the educational programs of Kazakhstan and Mongolia in the context of digitalization. The authors emphasize that the strategies and educational programs of Kazakhstan and Mongolia contribute to the improvement of professional training of specialists who increase the experience of inclusive education in the country and abroad. Within the framework of this study, a comprehensive diagnosis of educational motivation, personal qualities and abilities of children with special educational needs of primary school age (students of grade 3) was carried out. As research methods, the method of identifying priority motives in the structure of educational motivation according to the method of N.P. Fetiskin, V.V. Kozlov and G.M. Manuilova, Kettel’s personality questionnaire, Dembo-Rubinstein self-assessment test. According to the test results, it was revealed that the most significant motive for the pupils of the 3rd grade was the motive of the student’s position, and the most insignificant was the motive of self-development. The analysis showed that academic performance is the basis for self-assessment of the intellectual abilities and reputation of peers. This confirms the data on the tendency of primary schoolchildren to focus on the performance indicators when assessing personal qualities and intellectual abilities, the influence of external assess- ment on self-esteem. The essence of psychological support in supporting the process of promoting children with special educational needs: migrants, repatriates, children of national minorities, children with special needs in social adaptation, in education at all stages of support: diagnostic, psychocorrectional, developmental. The article summarizes data on inclusive education, presents research results, and provides an over- view of the work of specialists in this area. Key words: inclusive education, psychological adaptation, individual differences, professional stress, psychological barriers, mental development.

Children of high conflict divorce: Exploring the experiences of primary school teachers

Ongoing parental conflict after divorce is particularly difficult on school aged children. Consistent research has demonstrated that high conflict divorce can induce adjustment problems and increase risk of child psychopathology. For these children, school represents a safe space to thrive and develop the cognitive, social and emotional skills that can serve as a buffer and reduce the risk of adjustment difficulties and mental health problems. Trained in child development, teachers have the knowledge base and play a critical role in identifying behavioral warning signs of children ‘at risk’. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of teachers working with children exposed to high parental conflict before, during and after divorce/separation. Using semi-structured interviews, five primary school teachers shared their every-day experiences of teaching and caring for primary school aged students struggling to cope with the emotional distress related to high levels of parent stress and parent conflict associated with family breakdown and the process of high conflict divorce. The data was analyzed using an Interpretative Phenomenology Analysis framework by Jonathan Smith. The findings revealed that ‘caring’ for and about studentswas a key feature of being sensitively responsive to these children. However, as highlighted by these teachers, this work is emotionally exhausting and professionally challenging, placing teachers at risk of burnout. The findings contribute to the knowledgebase of how-to best support teachers who teach vulnerable school populations. Implications for teacher training and support at different levels within the school system are discussed.

Young L2-learners' meaning-making in engaging in computer-assisted language learning

<p>This study explores how newly arrived young students created meaning, communicated, and expressed themselves using digital technology in the subject of Swedish as a second language (SSL). The qualitative case study presented in this article focuses on how the orchestration of teaching contributed to opportunities for digital meaning-making in the SSL subject in four classrooms at three schools in a city in Sweden. The notion of language as being fluid, which involves a critical approach to languages as separable entities, considers linguistic and embodied meaning-making, including digital technology, in social processes. This approach recognizes the roles of technology and digital meaning-making in young students’ second language acquisition. Moreover, technological innovations facilitate immediate and accessible communication. In today’s language studies, ethnicity only is not considered an adequate focus of analysis. Furthermore, the meaning-making practices of newly arrived primary school-aged students remain under-investigated. In the present study, data collected in classroom observations and teacher interviews revealed three themes regarding the students’ utilization of digital technology to develop their multilingual skills. One insight was that the newly arrived students used digital technology strategically when they engaged in meaning-making activities with peers and teachers. When the students took the initiative in computer-assisted language learning, they displayed agency in meaning-making by being their own architects. The findings of this research provided insights into how the orchestration of teaching in Swedish as a second language to newly arrived students affects their opportunities to use multilingualism in meaning-making while employing digital technology.</p>

Bullying among primary school-aged students: which factors could strengthen their tendency towards resilience?

ABSTRACT Resilience is the capacity to cope successfully with various threats. This paper aims to adapt the Resilience-Scale of Schumacher et al. (2004. Die Resilienzskala – ein Fragebogen zur Erfassung der psychischen Widerstandsfähigkeit als Personmerkmal. [The Resilience Scale – A Questionnaire to Measure Mental Resilience as a Personal Characteristic]. Zentrum für Klinische Psychologie, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie) to measure the tendency of being resilient even before a threat occurs. Since primary school students are exposed to various threats at school, 535 4th grade students of Austrian primary schools were surveyed for the study. The reliability of the short-scale was found to be acceptable (Cronbach’s α = .66), and the tendency towards resilience can be explained by the students’ perception of their social inclusion in class (F (1,252) = 15.11, p<.05) and the relationship with their mothers (F (2, 251) = 10, 02, p<.05). The stability of the students’ tendency of being resilient was only moderate. A similar correlation between resilience and school-wellbeing for victims and non-victims of bullying can be reported. Future studies should focus more on primary school students’ resilience and related protective factors.

Підготовка майбутніх учителів до формування інформаційно-цифрової компетентності молодших школярів крізь призму компетентнісного підходу

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the professional training of future primary school teachers for the formation information-digital competence of primary school age students from the point of view of the competence-based approach. The urgency of the problem under study has been proved, taking into account the transformation processes taking place in society, in particular: digitalization, updating the content of education, the impact of the consequences of a global pandemic, etc. The essence of the concepts «competence», «competence-based approach», «information-digital competence» has been determined. The priority of the competence-based approach to the problem of professional training of future primary school teachers, including the formation of various competencies of primary school age students, is noted. The leading competencies that make up the information-digital competence of a primary school teacher have been determined (the ability to: navigate the information space, search and critically evaluate information, operate it in professional activities; effectively use existing and create (if necessary) new electronic (digital) educational resources, use digital technologies in the educational process) and a primary school age students (the ability: to understand the essence of information, analyze it, search in different sources and critically reflect on it; to use media for educational purposes; to effective communication on the Internet; to create and distribute various content on the network Internet).

Academic Performance of Primary School-aged Students in Spain and Colombia: A Comparative Analysis

Academic Performance of Primary School-aged Students in Spain and Colombia: A Comparative Analysis

SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION OF MOVEMENT ACTIVITIES IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

The article presents the results of monitoring studies of themotor activity of primary school age students and recommendations atphysical culture lessons.

Работа по формированию коммуникативных компетенций младших школьников на уроках якутского языка: синтаксический уровень

The paper reveals the problems of the formation of communicative competence at the syntactic level in students of primary school age of a Yakut school. The importance of the native language in teaching Russian and foreign languages is emphasised. Speech syntax is considered to be the indicator of the communicative and cognitive potential of primary school children. The results of experiments showed that oral and unprepared written speech in the native language on a given topic do not differ from each other in quality and content. It was revealed that the prepared written speech activates vocabulary of students, while the number of words and common simple sentences in the text increases, but syntactic constructions do not show significant changes in quality. In this regard, the authors emphasise the need to develop and implement a minimum of syntactic structures in the native (Yakut) language for primary school students.