Elementary Education Students Research Articles

Critical picture book literacy

This study sought to revisit established definitions of critical visual literacy and determine how this concept could be re-envisioned specifically for picture books when informed by the approaches of teacher education students who had received limited prior formal instruction on critiquing visual texts. Seventeen sophomore elementary education students engaged in written self-discourse around the visual narrative of Milo Imagines the World written by Matt de la Peña and illustrated by Christian Robinson where they generated questions and answers critically engaging with the visuals. These participants’ responses underwent thematic analysis informed by grounded theory which uncovered a collective definition for critical picture book literacy (CPBL), a reframing of critical visual literacy specifically derived from and for picture books. This definition centred illustrator agency, representation of identities and lived experiences, and unconscious bias of creators and readers.

Relations among perceived school context-related factors, cyberbullying, and school adjustment: An examination between native and immigrant students in elementary and secondary education

Relations among perceived school context-related factors, cyberbullying, and school adjustment: An examination between native and immigrant students in elementary and secondary education

How project-based collaborative learning affect on numeracy ability of elementary school teacher education students

Based on project-based collaborative learning, this study attempts to evaluate the numeracy skills of prospective elementary education teachers. The study design is pretest-posttest control group, and the research methodology is experimental and quantitative. Purposive sampling strategies are used to create experimental and control classes.While project assignments are completed individually in the control class, they are administered in groups to the experimental class. Ten multiple-choice and yes-or-no (objective) questions are used in the pre-test and post-test results to gather information on students' numeracy proficiency. Project-based collaborative learning research findings are applied to enhance the numeracy skills of prospective elementary education teachers. The score's outcomes after acquiring the experimental class were 0.001 and The experimental class used group projects, while the control class used individual projects. The control class's pre-test and post-test collaborative learning results differed by less than 0.001.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF PEER ATTACHMENT AND ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY TO THE ENGAGEMENT OF STUDENT AMONG GENERALIST STUDENTS IN KCAST- A QUANTITATIVE STUDY

This quantitative descriptive-correlational study determined the relationship of peer attachment and academic selfefficacy to the engagement of students among Generalist students in KCAST. The respondents of this study were 192 Regular BEED-students mainly from first year to fourth year students. The statistical data treatment used were mean, Pearson- R and regression analysis determine the level of peer attachment; the level of academic self-efficacy and the other was the level of students’ engagement. It likely explores how these factors impact students’ motivation, participation and overall involvement in their academic. Findings revealed that students’ overall level of peer attachment was generally at very high level that means it was always manifested by the students, while the overall level of academic self-efficacy is also at very high level which means that it is always manifested and the overall level of engagement of students was generally at very high level which means that it is always manifested. On the other hand, the result revealed that the peer attachment and academic self-efficacy had positive, and significant relationship on the engagement of students, which indicates that the interactions from peers towards their beliefs and attitudes to achieve academic success, as well as belief in their ability to fulfill academic tasks may influence the way how they behave and engage academically. KEYWORDS: peer attachment, academic self-efficacy, students engagement, elementary education students, quantitative, Philippines.

Musically Creative Pupils (Aged 6-11): Perspectives of Elementary Education Students

Based on the understanding of the domain generality and the specificity of musical creativity and its complex definition, the aim of our study was to examine the expression of a constructed set of characteristics of musically creative pupils at elementary school (aged 6-11 years) from the perspective of elementary education students, as well as to examine the factor structure of the characteristics of musically creative pupils. Elementary education students (n = 193) from the Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, participated in the research. A quantitative research approach with a non-experimental research method was followed. The exploratory factor analysis yielded five components that represent the structure of musically creative pupils’ characteristics: creativity, motivation, musical ability and performance skills, impetus, and agency. The implications of the research suggest usability in educational settings for identifying musically creative pupils and developing their potential. Further research may concern inter-faculty and international studies of perception of musically creative pupils from similar educational and cultural backgrounds.

Exploring the Relationship between Reading Comprehension Skills and Academic Performance among UV-D Education Students: A Mixed Methods Study

This mixed methods study investigates the factors influencing the academic performance of Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) students on a private HEI in the Municipality of Dalaguete, with a focus on reading comprehension. The research combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyze intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The quantitative data, collected through surveys, reveals that self-discipline, motivation, and time management have a significant positive correlation with academic performance in reading comprehension. The qualitative findings, derived from interviews, highlight the importance of teacher-student relationships, the learning environment, and external distractions in shaping academic outcomes. Results indicate that a supportive learning environment and effective teacher-student interactions enhance student engagement and comprehension, while distractions such as social media and personal issues hinder performance. The study concludes that academic success in reading comprehension is influenced by a combination of personal attributes, teacher-student dynamics, and external factors. The findings suggest that improving these factors can significantly enhance the academic performance of BEED students.

The Effect of the Hybrid Project-Based Learning (Hybrid-PjBL) Model on Critical Thinking and Creativity Skills

Introduction: Hybrid-PjBL is an innovative learning model aligned with 21st-century demands but remains limited and rarely studied by Indonesian researchers. This study intends to test the effectiveness of implementing Hybrid-PjBL on students' critical and creative thinking skills.Methods: The pre-experimental method was used by combining a one-group pretest-posttest design in this study. The population consisted of fourth-semester Elementary Education students at Universitas Samudera. A single class was randomly selected from four classes, involving students enrolled in the Development of Language and Literature Learning in Elementary Schools course. A critical and creative thinking skills questionnaire was employed to collect data. The data were averaged to observe improvements before and after treatment and analyzed inferentially using a paired sample t-test.Results: This study presents the finding of a probability value (sig) of 0.00 < 0.05, meaning that there is a significant difference before and after the Hybrid-PjBL model is applied, as seen from the pretest and posttest scores. Descriptive analysis also revealed an increase in the average pretest and posttest scores for critical and creative thinking skills in the Development of Language and Literature Learning course. The average critical thinking skill score increased from 13.74 to 18.15, while the average creative thinking skill score increased from 32.22 to 39.19. This demonstrates an improvement in both skills after applying the Hybrid-PjBL model. Conclusions: This study concludes that there is a significant impact after implementing the hybrid-PjBL model on critical and creative thinking skills in the Language and Literature Learning Development course in Elementary Schools. This model encourages students to actively construct their own knowledge and solve problems, leading to improved critical and creative thinking skills

Development of A Learning Performance Assessment Framework for Phase A Students Aged 6-7 Years in Elementary Education

Assessing learning performance in Phase A students (6–7 years old) is crucial for promoting their cognitive, socio-emotional, and psychomotor development during this foundational stage of education. However, existing assessment frameworks often fail to address the holistic and developmental needs of this age group. This study aims to develop a comprehensive learning performance assessment framework tailored to Phase A students in elementary education. The framework was created through a systematic process involving a review of existing literature, expert judgment, and field testing in elementary schools. Its dimensions encompass cognitive skills, socio-emotional competencies, psychomotor skills, and creativity. Validation procedures included statistical analysis and expert panel reviews to ensure the framework’s reliability and applicability in diverse educational settings. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework effectively addresses existing gaps in assessment practices, providing educators with a robust tool to support holistic student development. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating multiple developmental dimensions into learning assessments and offer practical recommendations for classroom implementation. This study contributes to advancing educational assessment practices by advocating for tools aligned with the developmental characteristics of young learners. Future research should focus on longitudinal applications of the framework and its adaptability across various cultural and educational contexts.

Emotions and self-efficacy toward simple machines learning through a STEM practice

IntroductionThis study explores the impact of an interactive physics class on the emotions and self-efficacy of elementary education students, specifically in their future roles as educators using STEM-based pedagogical methods. The research aims to understand how such an approach affects students’ emotional responses and confidence in teaching STEM topics.MethodsThe sample included 97 fourth-year prospective elementary teachers. Participants completed pretests and posttests measuring emotions and self-efficacy related to both course content and the pedagogical approach.ResultsFindings indicated a significant increase in both positive emotions and self-efficacy following the interactive class. Male students reported higher levels of positive emotions and self-efficacy than their female peers. Furthermore, students with backgrounds in sciences and technology showed greater improvement compared to those from social science backgrounds. A positive correlation between emotions and self-efficacy was observed.DiscussionThe manipulative, collaborative, and interdisciplinary nature of the physics class likely contributed to the observed positive changes in emotions and self-efficacy. Network analysis suggested that reducing boredom could enhance emotional responses, given its role in affecting both positive and negative emotions. On the other hand, it has been observed that uncertainty could be beneficial in STEM activities due to their relationship with self-efficacy.

An Educational Video Improves Elementary Education Students’ Perceptions of Breakfast in the Classroom

An Educational Video Improves Elementary Education Students’ Perceptions of Breakfast in the Classroom

Favorite Lecturer Characters of Elementary Education Teacher Prospective Students

This research aims to discover the character aspects of lecturers most preferred by Elementary education students and the impacts and implications on the character of prospective teacher students. The method used in this research is qualitative field research with phenomena studies. Primary data were obtained from students through a questionnaire using a form instrument and unstructured interviews with an open pattern. The results showed that of the 13 aspects of lecturer character that were the most favored aspects of prospective Elementary School teacher students mapped from lecturer personality and educational competencies, namely lecturers who were able to place themselves, had high self-confidence, were tolerant, and understood students' character. The impact on students is increased motivation and self-confidence, more positive relationships, increased academic achievement, and development of student soft skills. The implications of the character of a favorite lecturer for the character of prospective teacher students are the formation of an Inclusive Learning environment, increased student psychological well-being, and strengthening of a positive academic culture.

Analyzing elementary education students' understanding and needs for a digital guidebook of project-based scientific article writing

This study investigates students' understanding of scientific article writing techniques, their perceptions of the challenges they face when writing these articles, and the features of guidebooks that best meet their needs. Employing a mixed-methods approach with a Convergent Parallel design, the research combines quantitative data collected through tests and questionnaires with qualitative insights from open-ended questions. The findings reveal that students' knowledge of scientific article writing falls into the moderate range (46%). While they demonstrate a good understanding of submitting articles to journals, they struggle with using AI applications, properly citing references, and documenting post-publication work. Students' primary challenges include articulating their research methodology, crafting effective sentences and paragraphs, structuring the article appropriately, utilizing AI technology during the writing process, and navigating the submission process to scientific journals. Furthermore, the study highlights students' desires for a guidebook that goes beyond theoretical discussions. They are looking for one that includes practical examples, video tutorials, project assignments, and guidance on using AI platforms to aid their writing. These insights significantly contribute to designing a scientific article writing guidebook tailored to the needs of Generation Z students, ultimately enhancing the quality of scientific writing education.

The effectiveness of science encyclopedia-assisted project-based learning integrated with the STEM approach in enhancing pre-service elementary teachers’ scientific literacy

Scientific literacy plays a crucial role for elementary teachers in developing the strategies of science learning and implementing them in the classroom. Nevertheless, the scientific literacy of college students in elementary education has not been optimal. Science encyclopedia-assisted project-based learning (PjBL) integrated into the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) approach is hypothesized to enhance scientific literacy. The present study describes and examines the effectiveness of science encyclopedia-assisted STEM-PjBL in enhancing pre-service elementary teachers’ scientific literacy. Quasi-experimental research using a pre- and post-tests control group design was applied to this study. 56 pre-service elementary teachers at the University of Halu Oleo were involved in this study whereby they were equally distributed to two groups. A test of scientific literacy was adapted and used to measure scientific literacy. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe and analyse the data of scientific literacy. Results revealed that science encyclopedia-assisted STEM-PjBL had a positive modest effect on the achievement of scientific literacy. The scientific literacy of college students in elementary education who received science encyclopedia-assisted STEM-PjBL had moderate enhancement. Additionally, a science encyclopedia-assisted STEM-PjBL significantly enhanced scientific literacy. Educational practitioners can implement a science encyclopedia-assisted PjBL integrated STEM approach to enhance scientific literacy resulting in high achievement in science education.

Analysis of the Role of Elementary Education Student Teachers in Enhancing Educational Professionalism

<p>Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) mempunyai peran yang penting dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme kependidikan. Melalui partisipasi aktif dalam berbagai kegiatan akademik dan praktik lapangan mahasiswa PGSD dapat berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme kependidikan. Melalui analisis literatur, abstrak ini menyoroti peran mahasiswa PGSD dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme kependidikan khususnya bagi calon guru. Seorang guru juga harus memiliki watak kerja yang profesional, guru yang memiliki jiwa profesionalisme adalah guru yang memiliki pandangan, sikap, selalu berpikir, bekerja dengan sungguh – sungguh, bekerja kelas, sepenuh waktu, loyalitas tinggi dan penuh dedikasi untuk menyelesaikan pekerjaan yang menjadi tanggung jawabnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Dalam teknik pengumpulan data, penulis menggunakan teknik dokumentasi berupa literatur-literatur seperti buku dan artikel yang berkaitan. Hasil penelitian ini juga mengeksplorasi prospek masa depan bagi mahasiswa PGSD dalam mengembangkan keterampilan dan pengetahuan yang relevan dengan tuntutan profesi kependidikan yang terus berkembang. Dengan demikian, pemahaman mendalam tentang peran mahasiswa PGSD dalam membangun profesi kependidikan menjadi penting dalam mempersiapkan generasi baru pendidik yang kompeten dan berdaya saing tinggi dalam menghadapi dinamika pendidikan masa kini dan mendatang.</p>

Elementary school teachers candidates’ perceptions of tpack ownership: Teaching assistance program

The TPACK mastery parameter signals qualified elementary school teacher candidates. The aim of the present study is to investigate a) how elementary school teacher candidates in the Teaching Assistance program perceived TPACK ownership and b) what factors influenced TPACK ownership. This is a case study for Ganesha University of Education's Elementary School Teacher Education study program in Indonesia. Mix methods were employed, with an explanatory sequential mixed method design. This study included elementary school teacher education students in semester VI who participated in the teaching assistance program. There were 174 people in total, with an 87% response rate to the questionnaire. We collected data through a questionnaire, interview, and document study. We analyzed the data to determine the percentage of quantitative data and used thematic analysis for qualitative data. The findings revealed that primary school teacher candidates' perceptions of TPACK ownership were not optimal, particularly in certain aspects that were critical for becoming teachers. This paper describes TPACK ownership in each domain, as well as factors that influenced TPACK, and gives some recommendations.

THE USE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

This research aims to explore innovative technology in teaching speaking skills to elementary school teacher education students in Universitas Majalengka such as mobile applications, computer software, and online platforms, which can be integrated effectively into the learning process to improve students’ speaking skills. This research covers aspects such as the teaching methods used, the most effective types of technology, challenges faced in implementation, and students' perceptions and responses to using technology in learning speaking skills. The research method used is qualitative research with a case study research design through classroom observation and interviews to determine the obstacles, strategies, and results of evaluations carried out by students. Participants in the research involved students in the elementary school teacher education study program. The research results show that innovative technology teaching speaking skills has various advantages. However, challenges must be overcome, such as limited access to technology, teacher readiness to integrate technology into teaching, and adapting the curriculum and relevant teaching methods. In conclusion, innovative technology in teaching speaking skills has great potential to improve students' speaking skills. However, efforts are needed to overcome technology-related challenges and ensure effective integration into the curriculum.

Project-Based Learning Students Worksheets on Students' Critical Thinking Skills and Independence in Social Studies Learning Courses

Despite the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program for over two years, the critical thinking skills and independence of students in the learning process have not yet reached optimal levels. This study aims to investigate the impact of project-based learning (PjBL) student worksheets on critical thinking skills and student independence in social studies courses. The research employed a quasi-experimental design. The population comprised all fourth-semester elementary education students, totaling 256 students distributed evenly across nine classes. The sample consisted of fourth-semester PGSD students. Data collected included scores from critical thinking skills tests. Data analysis methods included descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis, specifically using MANOVA tests. The results indicated a significant difference between the group of students who engaged in learning with PjBL-based worksheets and the group that did not, in terms of critical thinking skills. The group using PjBL-based worksheets had a higher average critical thinking score, with a difference of 9.76 points. This finding suggests that PjBL approaches significantly encourage and enhance students' critical thinking skills. Additionally, the results showed that student independence was also higher in the group using PjBL-based worksheets, with a noted difference of 7.47 points. It is recommended to strengthen the implementation of PjBL worksheets in the curriculum or teaching strategies and provide training for educators to effectively integrate PjBL worksheets into their teaching.

Online-based Literacy Test Instruments for Evaluating Prospective Elementary School Teachers’ Science Competencies

The Minimum Competency Assessment is used to measure school performance based on literacy and numeracy. In this regard, it is necessary for prospective elementary school student educators to train and master scientific literacy competencies. This research aims to produce an online-based literacy test instrument for assessing the science competency of elementary school teacher education students. This type of research is research and development. The procedure for developing literacy test instruments uses the 4D model (Define, Design, Development and Discussion). This research involved 3 validators and empirical test subjects consisting of 30 Prospective Elementary School Teachers. Data collection uses needs analysis sheets, language validation sheets, materials and graphics. Next, empirical validity is carried out using the Quest program to determine the level of difficulty (Thresholds) and suitability of the items (Outfit-t). The results of the test question instrument validation show that 89.5% of the material validation is in the very good category, 92% of the language validator is in the very good category, 96.5% of the graphic validator is in the very good category. The distribution of questions that have been developed shows that students' ability to identify scientific issues is 66% in the medium category, 65% in explaining scientific phenomena is in the medium category and the ability to use scientific evidence is 45% in the very low category. So the test question instrument developed meets the validity of the material, language, graphics and empirical validity, so it is suitable to be used to measure students' scientific literacy competency.

Project Based Learning: Enhancing Character and Creative Thinking Skills through Activity-Based Projects in Numeracy Literacy Courses

The numerous incidents of fights and bullying among students indicate current problems with character development. Additionally, advances in technology and science require individuals to master creative thinking skills. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of an activity-based PjBL model on the development of character and creative thinking skills. This research employs a quasi-experimental design known as the nonequivalent post-test only control group design. The population consists of all elementary education students enrolled in the Numeracy Literacy Development course, totaling 120 students. Tests and questionnaires are often used in research to collect data. The data collection methods employed in this study involve descriptive analysis and inferential statistical analysis. Inferential analysis was conducted using MANOVA. The research results indicate differences in character and creative thinking skills after students were taught using the Activity-Based PjBL Model. Based on the study, there are differences in character and creative thinking skills, as seen from the differences in mean values. The difference in character between students taught with the Activity-Based PjBL model and those who were not was 13.74, with the experimental group having a higher average character. Similarly, the difference in creative thinking skills between students taught with the Activity-Based PjBL model and those who were not was 11.44, with the experimental group showing a higher average creative thinking ability. Additionally, the analysis indicates that the variable influencing more is character rather than creative thinking skills. These findings provide a strong basis for recommending the activity-based PjBL model as a solution to improve students' character and creative thinking skills. This model not only focuses on the completion of concrete projects but also integrates activities that encourage collaboration, problem-solving, and innovation.

Flipbook and e-learning for teaching English to elementary school teacher education students

The purpose of this study is to investigate the lecturers’ and students’ perception of flipbooks and e-learning in enhancing English learning for teacher education students, the influence of technology integration on student-centered pedagogy for teacher education students, and the use of flipbooks and e-learning to improve English skills for teacher education students. Thirty students and nine lecturers from elementary school teacher education programs at three Indonesian universities participated in this study, which used the qualitative descriptive technique. They attend Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari in Southeast Sulawesi, Universitas Borneo Tarakan in North Kalimantan, and Universitas Negeri Jakarta in Jakarta. Data collection was conducted through documents, observations, interviews, and questionnaires. This study found that both lecturers and students positively perceive flipbooks and e-learning as tools for enhancing English learning in elementary school teacher education. Flipbooks effectively present complex concepts, while e-learning provides accessible, diverse resources that develop digital skills. Technology integration significantly benefits student-centered pedagogy but also poses challenges such as technical issues and increased workloads. The study highlighted the need for interventions to improve students’ listening and speaking skills, suggesting that combining effective teaching methods and digital media can enhance English language proficiency and the overall learning experience. It is suggested that more efforts should be directed toward promoting technology pedagogy content knowledge that fosters students’ higher-order thinking skills in English teaching materials for elementary school teacher education programs in higher education in Indonesia.