Knowledge Of Students Research Articles

Investigating perceptions and attitude toward telenursing among undergraduate nursing students for the future of nursing education: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundTelenursing is poised to emerge as a novel healthcare delivery system in the digital age. Hence, understanding nursing students' perspectives and readiness is pivotal for its effective implementation. This study investigated nursing students' perceptions regarding, and attitudes toward, telenursing and the factors that influenced their attitudes based on the technology acceptance model.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional descriptive approach. The participants consisted of 188 nursing students (first to fourth year) enrolled in the College of Nursing in Korea. Differences in attitudes toward telenursing were analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlations between the main variables. Factors that influenced attitudes toward telenursing were analyzed using multiple regression.ResultsOf the participants, 65.4% lacked substantial awareness of telenursing and 19.1% had prior telenursing experience. Although prospects on telenursing indicated that 90.4% had an optimistic view, face-to-face nursing was heavily preferred for both satisfactory and favored healthcare delivery. Many cited the Internet as their source of knowledge, and only 18.6% had received telenursing education. Attitude toward telenursing was significantly more positive among those with experience of telenursing, telenursing observation in clinical practice, and telenursing education exposure. The regression model was statistically significant (F = 67.445, p < .000). Factors, such as perceived usefulness, social influence, innovativeness, and self-efficacy, influenced attitudes toward telenursing.ConclusionsNursing students exhibited a lack of substantial awareness of telenursing; however, they simultaneously displayed a positive outlook. This lack of comprehensive understanding could stem from the absence of formal education in telenursing. Understanding and utilizing the potential of telenursing could be significantly aided by nursing students' education and knowledge. Thus, it is necessary to include telenursing education in the nursing curriculum. The skills and knowledge required for telenursing clinical practice can be developed through telenursing education. Such preparedness will affect nurses’ attitudes and intentions and the quality of telenursing offered to patients in the future.

Sosialisasi Dan Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik Untuk Peningkatan Kreativitas Siswa Berkarya Seni Kelas IV SD

Organic waste, one of which is leaves from various trees, is material that is not reused and has use value, as is the potential that exists in Kedungpoh Village, Loano District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java. Based on the results of observations made by the service team, there are several problems, namely 1) lack of student awareness of the importance of organic waste management, 2) lack of student understanding of how to sort organic waste. Therefore, the objectives of this service activity are 1) to raise student awareness about the importance of managing organic waste, 2) providing outreach and training in utilizing organic waste into creative work. This socialization and training activity consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, implementation results, and evaluation stage. The method for this service is carried out by distributing questionnaires before and after socialization and training activities. The results of the questionnaire before training on question number 1 got an average score of 2. Questions numbers 2,3,4 and 5 got an average score of 2.1, thus showing that students' understanding, knowledge and experience in managing organic waste is still minimal. The results of the questionnaire after the training were that question number 1 got an average score of 3.7. Question number 2 got an average score of 3.8. Meanwhile, questions number 3,4 and 5 received an average score of 3.6, indicating that students' understanding and experience as well as students' creativity after socialization and training had increased significantly.

Patient-management problem in the evaluation of intensive medicine.

In intensive care medicine (ICM), the use of Patient-Management Problem (PMP) remains limited and no feedback from students is available. To compare the feasibility of employing PMP referring to clinical cases (CC) as assessment tools for appraising the knowledge and competencies in ICM students; and to gather the students' perception regarding this experience. it was a cross-sectional randomized trial. Were included, external students in the 3rd year of the 2nd cycle of medical studies (3rd-SCMS) during their ICM externship. All the participants underwent two random draws (the 1st one for assessment tool to be started (PMP or CC) and the 2nd for the passage order for PMP. Two PMPs versus two grouped QCMs-CC were prepared and a satisfaction questionnaire was distributed. The main judgment criterion was the effect of each assessment tool on the students' decision-making process. This focused on the relevance of the elements provided by each technique, the implication and the difficulty felt. The secondary endpoint was the scores taken for each tool tested. 20 students were included. All participants had previous experience with PMPs and only nine were familiar with grouped MCQs-CC. PMP scores were 14.9 for the 1st theme and 15.8 for the 2nd theme. The median of the grouped MCQs-CC scores was 14 [12-16] for both. The scores didn't differ between the two techniques. For the 1st theme: the scores were negatively correlated (r=-0.58 and p=0.007). Students felt a better satisfaction for PMP evaluation (p<10-3), the elements provided by PMP were more relevant for decision-making process (p<10-3), the involvement was more felt with PMP (p<10-3) and difficulty was more felt with CCs (p<10-3). The effect of PMP was found to be significant on clinical reasoning (n=36), self-assessment (n=38), problem solving (n=40) and decision making (n=39). Students recommended strongly PMP as a tool of evaluation in ICM (p<10-3). scores were comparable between the two tested techniques. The positive perception of students regarding PMP encourages its generalization and teacher training must be strengthened.

Unveiling the Veil: Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Filipino College Students

This study examined the current knowledge of Filipino college students on the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of the Philippines. The study included 75 college students during the academic year 2022-2023. Through a qualitative approach, the students submitted written essays anchored to the research questions. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative data, adhering to the stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The analysis resulted in the surfacing of various themes which are the result of this study: (1) Exposure to art forms, (2) association with indigenous people, (3) essence of values and practices, (4) misunderstandings about ICH, and (5) safeguarding of ICH. Students who came from the provinces experienced ICH through their festivities and local cultures, which are annual celebrations of various communities. There were also students who observed their locality’s people, handicrafts, and even familial behaviors. The presence of various art forms, performances, and experiences with indigenous peoples, and local traditions, regardless of whether it is within their families or communities, and their own knowledge of recent social issues unveiled the opportunities for the students to be exposed to the concept of Intangible Cultural Heritage and safeguard it. The author proposed a recommendation to further study and formulate a probable teaching and learning approach for college students to be more exposed to the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Philippines.

Perception, Knowledge, Indications, and Future Prospects of Point-of-Care Ultrasound Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become integral across medical specialties globally, addressing clinical queries, guiding procedures, and bridging the gap between physical examination and advanced imaging. Early ultrasound training for medical students enhances clinical decision-making and reduces diagnostic errors. Aims To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of senior medical students towards POCUS and to assess knowledge gaps and difficulties encountered by senior medical students to assist in the development of future curricula. Methodology This is an observational, cross-sectional approach to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practice ofPOCUSamong senior medical students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted from January to September 2023. An electronic questionnaire was distributed through online platforms utilizing medical school databases across various regions. The survey encompassed sociodemographics, training methods, diagnostic indications, and participants' self-reported proficiency and attitudes toward POCUS. The data was chiefly collected using the Likert scale. Descriptive statisticswere used to describe the quantitative and categorical variables. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine correlations. Results A total of 359 senior medical students completed the survey. Most responders were females (57.9%) with the predominating age group being ≤ 24 years (83.6%). The students predominantly were from the Central region of Saudi Arabia (75.5%). Ultrasound training varied among responders; 31.5% received formal courses (median duration: two hours) and 23.4% informal courses (median duration: four hours). Around 17.3% practiced POCUS self-teaching (median duration: four hours). A total of 3.6% had formal POCUS accreditation. A gargantuan 82.2% never used POCUS in their attached hospital for a variety of reasons.Multivariable logistic binary regression analysis showed a positive correlationbetween students' self-teaching of POCUS and their perceived difficulty performing an ultrasound examination for patients in daily practice. Discussion A comparable study was done at King Saud binAbdulazizUniversity for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in 2022 surveying 229 senior medical students byRajendramet al. In their study, 21.4% completed formal courses and 12.7% took informal courses. While many students in our study were not exposed to POCUS (82.2%), KSAU-HS reported a higher percentage reaching 94.8%. A study by Russel et al. demonstrated more than half of 154 surveyed medical schools in the United States have implemented POCUS into their students' curriculum. Conclusion POCUS stands as a valuable skill that can enhance the educational journey of undergraduate medical students. Considering that a significant number of participants haven't yet taken formal medical school courses suggests a lack of awareness about its significance in the medical field. Offering additional courses with practical components could enhance the proficiency, confidence, and outlook of medical students toward POCUS.

A Cross-sectional Sectional Study to Assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Cervical Cancer, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection and HPV Vaccine among 9th to 12th Grade School Girls in Indore

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is most common viral infection among women between 15 to 44 age group. When administered before girls or women are exposed to the virus, HPV vaccine can prevent majority of cervical cancer occurrences. Therefore to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding cervical cancer,HPV infection and HPV vaccine among girls in grades 9 to 12 the current study was conducted.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted between July-December 2022 in Indore governmentschools. Total 120 girls in grades 9 to 12 after receiving informed consent involved in the study. Data regarding knowledge, attitude and practice about cervical cancer, HPV infection and HPV vaccination collected using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. SPSS version 25.0 (Trial version) was used for data analysis.Conclusion: Among 120 students (34.16%) and (20.83%) had heard about cervical cancer and HPV vaccinerespectively, where majority were from class 11th and 12th. The association was significant between knowledge of students and their grades (p&lt;0.05). (3.33%) received HPV vaccine. Among unvaccinated, (68.96%) were willing to take vaccine. Hence the study found that knowledge and uptake of HPV vaccination among school girls is poor. The government needs to strengthen the various aspects of HPV education supplied in schools and HPV vaccination awareness campaigns.

Patience with final year students' academic stress at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana

This study is quantitative correlational research which aims to determine the relationship between patience and academic stress. In this study, researchers used a purposive sampling technique with a total of 103 participant’s final year psychology students from the 2020 class of Psychology at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, who were working on their TA/thesis. The research instrument uses a patience scale and an academic stress scale. This research uses Spearman product moment correlation data analysis method. The results showed a correlation of r = -0,212 and a significance value of 0,016 (p &lt;0,05). These results show that there is a negative relationship between patience and academic stress in final year students who are working on their thesis, which means that the higher the patience, the lower the academic stress. On the other hand, the lower the patience, the higher the academic stress. The results of this research can provide knowledge and coping for final year students who are working on their thesis so that they can increase their patience so that they can minimize academic stress when working on their thesis. This study associates the variable of patience with the variable of academic stress because the results of previous studies have not been conclusive, namely showing pro-contra results. In addition, the concept of patience is considered a positive character and is an important part of well-being which is one part of the study of positive psychology.

Knowledge and attitude towards emergency contraceptive among undergraduate students of Kathmandu metropolitan, Nepal

Background: Emergency Contraception is the only method women can use to prevent pregnancy after they have had unprotected sexual intercourse, have experienced a contraceptive failure, have remembered too late that they have forgotten to take their birth control pills, or have been forced to have sex against their will. Unintended pregnancy poses a major challenge to the reproductive health of young adults both in developed and developing nations. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of undergraduate students of Kathmandu Metropolitan City towards Emergency Contraceptive. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in which self-administered questionnaire was used. A total of 370 sample size was drawn and multi-step sampling technique was used. Quantitative research method was applied, and the data was entered and analysed using SPSS v.16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). Results: Of the total 370 participants, 42.2% were over the age of 20 years, female participants (54.3%) were slightly more than male participants (45.7%). More than half (54.1%) of the participants had adequate knowledge regarding Emergency Contraception. Age was found to be significantly associated with knowledge of the students (AOR=4.71, 95% CI: 2.02-10.95). 32.11% and they had a positive attitude towards Emergency Contraceptive. Janjati ethnicity compared to Brahmin/Chhetri (AOR=3.049, 95% CI:1.716-5.419), and BBS/BBA study program (AOR=1.962, 95% CI: 1.168-3.297) were found to be significantly associated with the attitude of the participants regarding Emergency Contraceptive. 47% of the participants responded that they will use Emergency Contraception in the future and 52% responded that they will recommend it in future. Conclusion: This study has shown that there is inadequate knowledge and negative attitude of participants towards Emergency Contraception. This study highlights the necessity of awareness campaigns regarding emergency contraception to all faculties and levels of students.

PENERAPAN PEMBERIAN JUS WORTEL UNTUK PENURUNAN NYERI DISMINOREA PADA SISWI KELAS 8 DI SMP YP SINGOSARI DELI TUA TAHUN 2024

Dysmenorrhea is a condition where there is pain during menstruation which is felt by cramps in the lower abdomen and is sometimes accompanied by headaches and an unstable psychological state. This community service activity was carried out at Yp Singosari Deli Tua Middle School, Deli Serdang Regency for three full weeks, starting on October 15, 2023. This method is in the form of conveying individual knowledge and skills using learning or instruction aimed at converting or influencing human actions both in society and groups, or individuals can be more independent in achieving counseling targets. The results of field observations were used as a basis for strengthening the concept of counseling which was delivered in the form of training on the benefits of giving carrot juice to reduce dysmenorrhoea pain at Singosari Delitua Middle School. Singosari Delitua did not know that the benefits of carrot juice could reduce dysmenorrhea pain. By providing coaching and mentoring using the counseling method, results were obtained where teenage female students who took part in the counseling program showed enthusiasm and curiosity about the benefits of carrot juice in reducing dysmenorrhea pain. Then a process of exchanging information was carried out with teenage female students and sharing experiences in solving problems related to counseling challenges. giving carrot juice to reduce dysmenorrhea pain. Increased knowledge of teenage female students who took part in counseling on the benefits of carrot juice to reduce dysmenorrhea pain.

A Study of Knowledge and Attitudes of Health Students towards Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Lubuklinggau City

Purpose of the study: The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of health students towards Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Lubuklinggau City.&#x0D; Methodology: This research method uses quantitative correlational research. The population in this study were all health students in semester 1 and semester 3 in the city of Lubuklinggau. The samples taken were 72 respondents. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling through questions that have been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique uses a correlation test.&#x0D; Main Findings: The results of this research are that there is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of health students, the results of knowledge and attitudes have good value for acute respiratory infections.&#x0D; Novelty/Originality of this study: This research provides valuable insight into efforts that may be needed to increase awareness and engagement in fighting this Acute Respiratory Infection disease at the local level. It is hoped that the findings from this research can help in designing more effective educational programs and more focused prevention strategies to mitigate Acute Respiratory Infections in Lubuk Linggau and the surrounding area.

Systems approach in planetary health education for medical students: a mixed methods study

BackgroundIntroducing students to the "planetary health lenses" perspective is crucial. Comprehensive strategies for teaching this perspective are lacking, especially in the domains of "interconnection within nature (IWN)" and "systems thinking/complexity." There is also a scarcity of studies assessing medical students' opinions on planetary health and evaluating teaching strategies.ObjectiveTo understand Brazilian medical students' perceptions and knowledge of planetary health (PH) and evaluate the application of the educational material "Patient and Clinic through the Lens of Planetary Health," which addresses "IWN" and "complexity" through the sociological lens of Actor-Network Theory, in an integrative course at a medical school in Brazil.MethodsA mixed-methods, quasi-experimental design involving two medical student classes during 2022/2023. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic data; pre- and post-intervention closed-ended questions about perceptions related to PH, and an open-ended questionnaire on experience and learning. Each student group presented a portfolio under the planetary health lenses regarding a real patient, developing a network diagram that described the social network involving both human and non-human actors with which this person is interconnected. The cohorts participated in "IWN" activities: a contemplative trail or reflection on belonging to the planet.ResultsNinety-six students and 9 professors participated. The majority of students (66.7%) reported significant or extremely significant learning from the sessions. There was an increase in perception of the need for physicians to incorporate PH into their clinical practice (p = 0.002; r = 0.46) and an intensification of the sense of interconnection with the environment (p = 0.003; r = 0.46). There was a gain in knowledge about how many diseases were related to PH (p < 0.02 for all 13 listed diseases). The majority (83%) found the sessions relevant or highly relevant and commented on their impact, both professionally and personally.ConclusionsTeaching PH in a medical school allowed students to learn from the patient's perspective, considering psychosocial and environmental determinants, about the intrinsic interdependence between population's health and PH. This strategy made a significant contribution by proposing pioneering didactics and offering valuable insights into the challenges and nuances of teaching PH.

Evaluate the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude towards Early Identification and Management of Polycysticovarian Syndrome among Adolescent Girls

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive endocrinological disorders with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations affecting about 6-8% of women of reproductive years. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on PCOS among Adolescent’s girls at Puducherry. The aim of the study to evaluate the VATP on PCOS. Methodology using quantitative approach quasi-experimental (one group pre-test post-test) research design. A total of 65 subjects were selected for study by using probability simple random sampling technique. Self-Structured questionnaire and modified attitude scale regarding early identification and management of PCOS were used as the tool.Results The findings revealed that in the pre-test, regarding the level of knowledge, in adequate 19(29.2%),and moderate 45 (69.2%) had adequate, 1 (1.6%). had unfavourable attitude 0(0%) ,moderate favourable 59(90.8%) of them favourable 6 (9.2%) . In the Post- test, regarding the level of knowledge inadequate0 (0%) of them had moderate and 5 (7.7%) had adequate level oknowledge,97(97%) of them had favourable and 3(3%) had moderate favourable attitude, regarding the practice, majority 65 (92.3%) . had unfavourable attitude 0(0%) and moderate favourable 36(55.4) had favourable 29(44.6%). Conclusion Study concluded that selective nursing intervention showed that the video assisted teaching programme is effective to improve knowledge for students. Key words: PCOS, VATP, Adolescents girls.

ENHANCING ELEMENTARY STUDENT’S KNOWLEDGE THROUGH WEB SECURITY FUNDAMENTALS COUNSELING

Abstract: This Community Service Program (PkM) focuses on delivering fundamental web security concepts tailored to the age-specific needs of young learners. Collaborative efforts among teachers, and parents, ensure a cohesive implementation of web security measures within the school environment. This PkM activity aims to enhance elementary school student's knowledge about the importance of web security. The method used is by giving lectures and interactive discussions to PkM participants. The total number of participants involved in this PkM is around 25 people, consisting of teachers and students. Evaluation of this PkM activities based on questionnaire feedback from PkM participants. According to feedback from participants, there has been a noticeable improvement in understanding the significance of web security. Before engaging in PkM activities, only approximately 5 percent of students possessed knowledge regarding the importance of web security. However, post-PkM activities, approximately 90 percent of students affirmed their awareness of the significance of web security.

Comparison of knowledge, self-perception about malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need amongst undergraduate dental students

ABSTRACT Introduction Perception regarding malocclusion and esthetics is affected by knowledge, age, race, gender, social background, and exposure. This study compares knowledge and awareness of undergraduate dental students regarding malocclusion, its impact on oral and mental health, and students’ self- perceived need for orthodontic treatment. Material and Methods A multi-centre cross-sectional study evaluated 424 questionnaires. They were assessed and compared on knowledge, awareness, and self-perception regarding malocclusion. Results were reported in percentages and compared using chi-square test. Results Most of the respondents were females, (82.1%). 4th year students were most aware about malocclusion’s effects on caries (86.8%), plaque (98.1%) and gingivitis (85.8%), p-value was significant, 0.000. Mostly, 3rd year students favoured well-aligned teeth, 91.5%, (p = 0.431); 2nd year students mostly, regarded aligned teeth important for esthetics (96.2%) p = 0.042; 4th year students mostly reported self-perceived need for orthodontic treatment, 43.4% (p = 0.048) and thought malocclusion affected one’s self-esteem 86.8% (p = 0.031), acceptance amongst peers 51.9% (p = 0.000) and mental health 52.8% (p = 0.000). Conclusion Knowledge and self-perception regarding malocclusion did not have a direct relation with the level of education of the dental students studied.

Exploring Reproductive Health Knowledge and Practices of Female Students under 24 Years: A Study at the University of Dschang Main Campus

Context: Reproductive health encompasses people’s freedom and ability to procreate and have a sexual life that is not only safe but also satisfying. Identifying factors related to the under-utilization of reproductive health services among young girls could help reduce the incidence of reproductive health problems affecting them. Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out from January to July 2022 among the female students aged 24years and below of the University of Dschang’s main campus. The sampling method was proportionate stratified sampling. Categorical and continuous variables were expressed as frequencies and means respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: A total of 395 participants were recruited, with a mean age of 20.6 years and a reported high level of knowledge about reproductive health at 88.9%. Furthermore, 56.2% of the respondents were already sexually active, with the average age at first sex being 18.8 years. However, 30.6% of the participants had made use of reproductive health services. Being aged 21-22 years and being of a religion other than Christianity were some of the predictors of the participants' knowledge and practices towards reproductive health services. Conclusion: This study highlights the low use of reproductive health services among female students and provides new grounds for implementing interventions that will not only improve their reproductive health status but will also be culturally appropriate.

Enhancing Paragraph Writing Proficiency: A Study of Students' Performance Post Global English Textbooks Exposure

The article focuses on identification of students’ performance to write paragraphs and the topics needed by students to be developed post global English textbooks exposure. This study aimed to investigate description of current students’ performance to write paragraphs after studying a paragraph writing using Global English Textbooks and to find out the topics needed by students to be developed as teaching English textbook materials for Paragraph Writing Course. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of students' paragraph writing performance with qualitative interpretation into their perceptions to the use of global English textbooks as writing paragraph teaching materials. The total samples were 44 students of English Study Program, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Muslim Indonesia. To obtain information from the informants, the researchers employed questionnaires of Paragraph Writing distributed to the students through the Learning Management System (LMS) Google form. The results showed that students exhibited a wide range of proficiency levels in paragraph writing, from advanced to fundamental deficiencies, necessitating targeted support across all skill levels. Moreover, a significant proportion of students lacked confidence in their writing abilities, emphasizing the importance of tailored instruction to address uncertainties effectively. Challenges with global English textbooks, including language complexity and cultural references, exacerbated these issues. Despite the inherent benefits of paragraph writing, such as language development and critical thinking skills, some students questioned its relevance in non-native English education settings. Additionally, doubts about fundamental language aspects like vocabulary and grammar underscored the need for focused instruction in these areas. Overall, addressing these challenges required comprehensive supports and resources to enhance students' paragraph writing skills and confidence levels effectively. Meanwhile, the exploration of sixty topics provided valuable insights into students' interests and knowledge. Among them, sixteen topics emerged as notably popular, indicating a strong resonance with students. These topics ranged from personal narratives to societal issues, reflecting students' diverse values and concerns. Furthermore, themes related to self-improvement and academic success garnered considerable interest, underscoring students' aspirations for growth. Even less chosen topics still demonstrated students' engagement with various aspects of interpersonal relationships and cultural identity. Moreover, the inclusion of less common topics reflected students' recognition of broader educational and patriotic ideals, albeit with less enthusiasm.

Navigating the complexities of student understanding: Exploring the coherency of students' conceptions about the greenhouse effect

AbstractThe greenhouse effect is a complex scientific phenomenon that plays a crucial role in understanding climate change. Grasping students' understanding of this phenomenon on the content‐specific level but also how students' conceptions are organized is vital for effective climate change education. This study addresses both levels and delves into the relationship between students' frameworks and knowledge pieces of the greenhouse effect through the analysis of multiple‐choice questions, employing Bayesian correlations and multiple logistic regression. We thereby focus on specific types of conceptualizations of the greenhouse effect that have been identified in previous research and furthermore investigate the coherency of them. To do so, we analyzed answers of N = 604 grade 11 students in Austria and Germany and interpreted them from different theoretical perspectives. The findings showed that students hold various ideas about the greenhouse effect that are only seldom coherent, in particular when it comes to adequate ideas about the greenhouse effect. However, especially for a reflection‐based framework of the greenhouse effect, our results demonstrate that students' conceptions show some form of coherency. We argue that our results can inform the development of effective teaching strategies that address students' existing knowledge and alternative conceptions. In terms of practical implications, the findings suggest that teaching strategies should provide opportunities for students to integrate their knowledge pieces into a more coherent understanding of the greenhouse effect. The study highlights the need for further investigation into the relationship between knowledge pieces and frameworks not only for the greenhouse effect, but for science education in general.

Program Kartu Hijau sebagai Peningkatan Siswa Unggul Madrasah Aliyah Darul Huda Mayak Tonatan Ponorogo

The Green Card is a Madrasah Tip to Improve the Quality of Education. Madrasahs play a major role in improving quality based on the renewal and creativity of madrasah managers who are dynamic, energetic, and have many ideas. Madrasah's task is to create highly competitive alumni academic and non-academic matters. This is implemented in the green card program. The green card program is a design or breakthrough implemented at Madrasah Aliyah Darul Huda Mayak Tonatan Ponorogo in developing superior students. This Green Card is a control book in the form of a module expected to improve or create superior students in the religious realm. This research aims to explain and describe the green card program as an Enhancement for Superior Students. This type of research is field research, which is included in qualitative research; the method for preparing or collecting data is by observing, interacting, understanding people in the environment, and documenting data. The data analysis technique used is analytical. The results of this research are that with the provision of the green card program, the competency diversity of students' practices and knowledge is said to be good and exceeds standards.

Understanding American Indian tribal college student knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors surrounding alternative tobacco products

Objectives To examine knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors about alternative tobacco products among American Indian tribal college students. Participants One hundred and five tribal college students. Methods Focus groups, one interview, and demographic surveys. Results Tobacco use varied across the sample with 35.2% of the participants being users of ENDS products and 29.5% were cigarette smokers. Overall, participants viewed electronic nicotine delivery systems and chewing tobacco as primary examples of alternative tobacco products and described a generational divide between alternative and conventional tobacco product use. Alternative tobacco products were not considered suitable for use in traditional contexts. Conclusions Previously successful cessation programs in this population have relied on cultural tailoring related to traditional tobacco use in American Indian communities. Our findings suggest that this strategy may be less effective for addressing alternative tobacco use. Reliance on the importance of family relationships may prove more impactful in future programming.

Awareness about basic life support among undergraduate medical students before and after clinical exposure in a tertiary care hospital attached to a medical school in South India

Background: Knowledge of basic life support (BLS) is one of the life-saving measures that every medical undergraduate student must possess. Aims and Objectives: This study focused on knowing the level of knowledge in fresh medical undergraduate entrants (knowledge A [KA]) and 3rdyear students with clinical exposure but no BLS training (knowledge B [KB]). We also assessed the knowledge in 1st-year students (retention A [RA]) soon after foundation course and compared it with retained knowledge after 6 months (retention B [RB]). Materials and Methods: This non-randomized multigroup cross-sectional study was done on medical undergraduate students in a tertiary care hospital attached to a medical school in South India. A validated questionnaire with 25 questions assessing knowledge of BLS was formulated and administered to 508 medical students. Results: After analyzing data in SPSS V24, the mean scores in KA and KB were 11.03±4.33 and 13.95±5.43, respectively, with a P&lt;0.001 which was significant. Although both the scores were &gt;50%, clinical exposure had some effect on mean scores in medical undergraduates. Mean scores in RA and RB were 23.16±5.09 and 16.17±6.97, respectively, with P&lt;0.001 which was significant, implying less retention of knowledge in RB 6 months after BLS training. Conclusion: A foundation course introduced into the medical curriculum is essential and refresher courses should be conducted frequently to retain the knowledge of BLS as daily academic commitments can prevent retention of BLS knowledge.