Students In Istanbul Research Articles

Impact of COVID-19 on the Life of Higher-Education Students in İstanbul: Relationship Between Social Support, Health-Risk Behaviors, and Mental/Academic Well-Being

Objective: This study aimed to draw a general picture of the impact of the coronavirus dis-ease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the life of higher-education students in Istanbul, with specific emphasis on the relationship between students’ social support systems, health-risk behaviors, and mental/academic well-being. Methods: A total of 2583 higher-education students from different fields of study par-ticipated in an online survey gathering information from several domains, including available social networks, support-seeking attitudes, substance use patterns, physical activity levels, academic stress, academic satisfaction, and psychological well-being during the pandemic. Results: Our findings pointed to major changes in students’ life circumstances and daily routines during COVID-19, including a significant decrease in contact with friends, over-all substance use, and physical activity as well as high levels of depression, academic stress, and academic dissatisfaction. Depressive symptoms were significantly predicted by the loneliness score (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.88-2.29), female gender (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.21-2.24), frequency of binge drinking (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.06-1.86), and level of academic stress (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.1-1.19), whereas the number of people to easily bor-row money from was found to be a protective factor against depression (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.99). Conclusion: Our results highlight the need for higher-education institutions to take the appropriate social and mental health interventions, tailored to fit the specific require-ments of the COVID-19-related measures. © 2021 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. All rights reserved.

Nursing Students' Intention to Report Medication Errors: Application of Theory of Planned Behavior.

Reporting, investigating, and full disclosure of medication errors (MEs) is a fundamental component of patient safety. Therefore, determining nursing students' intention to report MEs is important. This study examined the factors related to nursing students' intention to report MEs and the use of the Turkish version of the Theory of Planned Behavior Medication Safety Questionnaire (TPB-MSQ-T). A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 227 undergraduate nursing students in Istanbul, Turkey. Students' intentions to report MEs were measured using an online TPB-MSQ-T. Quantitative analysis was conducted. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were significant predictors of intention to report MEs (P = .05 and P = .01, respectively), but subjective norms did not predict it (P = .11). The Cronbach's α of the questionnaire was 0.88. Attitude and PBC are important determinants of nursing students' intention to report MEs. The TPB-MSQ-T can be used for identifying the main determinants of intention to report MEs.

Examination of the relationship between smartphone addiction and cyberchondria in adolescents

In this descriptive and correlational study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between adolescents' smartphone addiction and cyberchondria. Data were obtained from 384 adolescent high school students in Istanbul between December 2020 and January 2021, using a Personal Information Form, the Smartphone Addiction Scale, and Cyberchondria Severity Scale. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews with the students. The adolescents' smartphone use duration was 3.67 ± 1.66 years. Almost all (97.9%) connected to the internet via smartphones and 39.3% spent 3–4 h per day on the internet. It was determined that 61.7% of them checked their phones as soon as they woke up in the morning and 75.3% of them before going to bed in the evening. For those whose smartphone use duration is high, their cyberchondria also increases. The authors suggest that nurses should understand smartphone addiction and cyberchondria to identify and apply nursing interventions when necessary in adolescents.

Differences in the Preferences of Information Sources Between COVID-19 Pandemic and Earthquakes Among Young People in Turkey

Objective: This study aims to investigate earthquake-related and COVID-19 pandemic-related information sources of young people and whether there is a difference in the preferences of information sources regarding COVID-19 pandemic and earthquake measures in Istanbul, Turkey. Methods: This study was descriptive. The study was conducted among university students in Istanbul. A total of 282 students participated in the study. McNemar’s test was used to compare the differences between information sources of earthquake and COVID-19 measures. Results: Although there was no significant difference between taking earthquake and COVID-19 measures in the study, there were statistically significant differences between the information sources related to earthquake and COVID-19 except non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and newspapers. While Internet, activities at school/neighborhood/workplace, and TV were the top three sources of information about earthquake measures, TV, Internet, and social media were the top three sources of information about COVID-19 measures. The reasons of preferences of information sources were similar. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the information sources related to earthquake and COVID-19 except NGOs and newspapers. The study revealed that the types of information sources change depending on earthquake and COVID-19. Resource preferences should be analyzed well, and risk communication should be carried out effectively. Providing easy, understandable information is important for both hazards.

BATILAŞMA DÖNEMİNDE İSTANBUL’DA RUM CEMAATİNİN EĞİTİMİ

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun demokratikleşmesinin bir parçası olarak ve büyük güçler baskısı altında, Sultan Abdülmecit döneminde 1856 tarihli Islahat Fermanı’yla reformlar ilan edildi. Islahat Fermanı, 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı toplumunu oluşturan ve ayrıcalıkları yeniden teyit edilen gayrimüslim cemaatlerin yeniden örgütlenmesine vesile oldu. Gayrimüslim cemaatleri ilk defa iç işlerini yeniden düzenlemek için kendi meclislerini kurmaya davet edildi. İstanbul dahil Rum Milletine mevcut kiliseleri ve hastaneleriyle beraber yeni okullar inşa edip eski binalarını onarabilme imkânı tanındı. Aynı zamanda fermanla, büyük bir yenilik olarak, cemaat okullarının kurulmasına izin verilerek, öğrencilerine ilköğretimden sonra yükseköğrenim görme hakkı tanındı. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda, özellikle Tanzimat (1839), Islahat (1856) ve II. Abdülhamit reformlarından sonra İstanbul’daki Rum öğrencileri için daha modern bir eğitimin imkânı sağlandı.

Descriptive norms influence alcohol use among high-school students: a social norms study from Istanbul

ABSTRACT Background The social norms approach, which explores the influence of peer norms on health-compromising behaviors in youth, has been found to be effective in the prevention of drug and alcohol use. Our purpose was to identify the influence of peer norms on the tobacco, alcohol and drug use of high-school students. Methods A sample of high school students in Istanbul were surveyed for their use of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use. Sociodemographic variables, academic performance, daily life activities, descriptive and injunctive norms among students were assessed and relevant factors were evaluated using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. Results 213 students (105 males, 108 females, mean age 16.04 ± 0.96) filled in the questionnaire completely. The lifetime prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use were 29.9% and 30.9%, respectively. Higher perceived rates of peer alcohol use (descriptive norms) predicted higher lifetime alcohol use (OR: 1.17, 95% CI [1.11– 1.38], p = .04). Recent and lifetime use of tobacco significantly predicted recent and lifetime alcohol use (OR: 5.68, 95%CI [2.56–14.28], p < .01; OR: 9.60; 95%CI [3.09–29.89], p < .01). Conclusions We found that students’ misperceptions about higher peer alcohol use facilitated their own alcohol use. Correcting such misperceptions can contribute to preventive measures in youth.

Effect of midwifery students’ negative clinical experiences on their emotional labor behaviors

Objectives: Emotional labor is the effort type that organizations expect from their employees or the effort that the individual makes based on his/her mood. Negative clinical experiences in the workplace may have long-term influence on emotional labor behavior. Aim of this study was carried out to determine the effect of midwifery students’ negative experiences in clinical practices on their emotional labor behaviors.Methods: The study is a mixed-methods study. Thematic analysis and descriptive was used. The study was conducted from November to December 2018 with 370 midwifery students in Istanbul. The relevant data were collected via a “Descriptive Information Form” and Emotional Labor Behavior Scale of Nurses (ELBS).Results: The mean age of the students recruited for the research is 21.57±1.51. Eighty-five percent of students (n=314) were identified to have at least one negative clinical experience, which decreased their motivations to be a midwife. “Healthcare professional’s behaviors towards pregnant women during childbirth” rank first (48.1%) among these negative experiences. A little more than the half of the students (51%) react to these negative experiences by “staying away from the setting.” It was identified that ELBS total score mean of students were 96.52±11.92 and also that as students’ fear to vaginal birth management increased, their ELBS scores decreased (p=0,00, r=-0,22). It is determined that clinical negative experiences do not affect students’ emotional labor behavior (p&amp;gt;0,05).Conclusion: The factor affecting a large part of students’ motivation to be midwife negatively is the healthcare professional’s negative behaviors towards pregnant women and students. Within this context, it must be attempted to make healthcare personnel behave in a more humanistic and professional way towards women and students. Therefore, midwifery education programs should be planned and written about the qualifications that students should be knowledgeable and equipped to understand the emotional needs of women.

Investigation of High School Students' Peer Bullying Levels in Terms of Various Variables

In this study, it was aimed to examine the peer bullying levels of high school students in terms of various variables. The universe of the research consists of high school students in Istanbul. The research sample consists of 384 students. Descriptive analysis method was used in the research. In the study 'Information Form' and 'Peer Bullying Scale' were used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, Independent Groups t-Test, One Way Analysis of Variance were used. Within the scope of the research findings, It was determined that peer bullying differs significantly according to gender. It has been determined that male participants exhibit more bullying behaviors than female participants. When peer bullying scores were examined according to school type, it was determined that there was no significant difference. The research findings are discussed in the context of the literature.

The Raid in the Editorial Of ice of the Turkish Newspaper Tan, 1945, and its Impact on the State of Soviet-Turkish and US-Turkish Relations in the Post-WWII Period

The author examines the demonstrations carried out by university students in Istanbul on December 4, 1945 and the raid on the printing operations of the pro-Soviet Tan newspaper, known as the Tan Raid, in light of U.S. State Department documents, namely the related fi les in National Archives Records Administration. The infl uence of the Tan Raid on Turkey’s international relations is discussed in the context of Turkish-American and Turkish-Soviet relations. The Raid is regarded as a signifi cant incident since it coincides with the post WW2 period when Turkey’s relations with the Soviet Union had already deteriorated due to Moscow’s demands to revise the Montreux Convention by 19th of March 1945. Furthermore, Turkish-American diplomatic contacts in the aftermath of the Raid show Washington’s perspective on policy towards Soviet Union, as U.S. offi cials advised a moderate line to their Turkish counterparts. On the other hand, preparations for the Raid seem highly controversial since Turkish government offi cials did not strongly condemn the event and the police did not intervene against the protestors despite of their violent actions towards Tan and some left leaning bookstores. The slogans during the demonstration show its anti-Soviet character, which Ankara denied in order to decrease tensions with the Soviets by arguing that it was Tan ’s owner, the Sertel couple to whom the anger was directed, not the Soviet Union. The intelligence obtained by diplomats at the U.S. Embassy in Ankara, the meetings they conducted with Turkish politicians, their conclusions regarding the process leading up to the raid, and their opinions on Turkish-Soviet relations provide the background for the analysis.

An Empirical Test of Age-Graded Informal Social Control Theory: New Correlates of Youth Deviance

This study examines several family structural variables that have a hypothesized effect on delinquency, substance abuse, and violence. We conducted a survey for potential correlates of Sampson and Laub’s age-graded informal social control theory variables within the Turkish context. Our large sample size (31,272), drawn from high school students in Istanbul, Turkey, allowed us to test the effects of family settings on youth deviance by using various statistical tests and programs. Our findings indicate that juveniles exposed to parental substance abuse are more likely to use illegal substances, commit a greater number of delinquent acts, and participate in more instances of violent behavior. Additionally, family social capital, residential mobility, religiosity, and the number of siblings were some other statistically significant correlates of delinquency.

Üstün Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Matematik Kaygısı ve Mükemmeliyetçilik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Bu araştırma, üstün yetenekli ilkokul 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerinin, matematik kaygısını yordama gücünü incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İstanbul’da üstün yeteneklilere yönelik eğitim veren iki özel eğitim kurumunun 3. ve 4. sınıfında 2017-2018 bahar yarıyılında öğrenim gören 121 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında, öğrencilerin matematiğe yönelik kaygı düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla geliştirilen Matematik Kaygısı Ölçeği (Bindak, 2005) ve mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla Baş (2010) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Uyumlu-Uyumsuz Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, Pearson korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmış ve doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda, mükemmeliyetçilik alt boyutlarından hatalara duyarlılık ve şartlı benlik saygısının matematik kaygısının anlamlı birer yordayıcısı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu bağımsız değişkenler, birlikte, bağımlı değişken olan matematik kaygısı üzerindeki değişkenliğin %29’unu açıklamaktadır.

The Effect of Brand Name on Consumer Buying Behavior: Empirical Study on Somali Students in Istanbul

Branding plays an important role in enhancing any commercial performance and is a closed tool that can positively change people's buying behavior. In the current marketing scenario, it has become necessary to examine consumer behavior. Consumers are market owners. A commercial organization cannot operate without consumers. The study is presented in five chapters, literature review, research methodology, presentation of research results, analysis and discussion of data, summary, results, and recommendations. The objectives of the study focus on examining the impact of a brand on consumer buying behavior, whether consumer buying behavior is affected by factors such as the excellent price of branded products, perceived quality of branded products, marital status, and brand name associated with brand consumption of Somali students study in Istanbul which is the working population of the study since most of the students in turkey study in Istanbul. a questionnaire was used to collect data. 110 questionnaires were used, which collected 110 responses for a month. The results show that the brand name has a strong positive impact and an important relationship with consumer buying behavior.

Effect of a Short Nutritional Training Program on Nutrition Literacy and Food Habits in Adolescents

Objective: Balanced nutrition is of special importance in adolescence however, eating behaviors may be negatively influenced during this stage due to several factors. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of a nutrition training program on nutrition literacy level and food habits of a group of adolescents.Method: Adolescent Nutritional Literacy Scale (ANLS) and Adolescent Food Habits Checklist (AFHC) was used to determine the nutrition literacy level and food habits of 200 highschool students in Istanbul between September 2018 and April 2019. Effect of a face to face training, for 8 hrs over 4 weeks on nutrition related topics, were investigated on nutrition literacy level and food habits of the students.Results: Mean age of the students was 15 ± 0,66 years and 57% comprised of females. ANLS and AFHC scores in general, were higher in females, however the difference was statistically significant (p &amp;lt;0,05) only in pre-test scores. The average adolescent nutrition literacy (ANLS) score in males were 3,31 out of 5,0 and remained unchanged after training. In females however, it significantly decreased from 3,56 to 3,44 (p &amp;lt;0,05). Out of 19, AFHC scores decreased significantly from 9,80 to 8,94 in males and 10,03 to 9,34 in females (p &amp;lt;0,05) following training. Conclusion: A short nutritional training was not sufficiently effective in reflecting the positive change in nutrition literacy level and food habits among adolescents. Possible reasons should be investigated in depth and more comprehensive and longer training should be provided to increase nutritional awareness.

Challenge-Oriented Behavior Types: A New Explanation

The purpose of this study is to broaden theoretical meaning of challenge and attain a place for its practical use in schools. Based on the purpose, a theoretical construct was developed to explain four types of challenge-oriented behavior: (a) creators, (b) choosers, (c) maintainers and (d) avoiders. 634 fifth-, sixth- and seventh-grade students in Istanbul, Turkey, participated in the study. The Challenge-Oriented Behavior Scale and the Challenge-Performance Test were the main instruments. The Challenge-Oriented Behavior Scale scores were subjected to non-hierarchical cluster analyses, which revealed four profiles. To gain ecological validity of the current understanding, an alternative method, reverse-action strategy was developed. The aim was to explain how actual student performance is defined by self-perceived challenge-orientation type. To this respect, the Challenge-Performance Test scores and other factors were examined using path analysis. The findings suggest that demonstrated performance in pursuing challenges arise from past experience, academic achievement, self-perceived challenge-orientation type and age.

Lise öğrencilerinin İngilizce öğrenmede medya ve bilgi teknolojisi araçlarının kullanımına yönelik tutumları ve akademik öz-yeterlik algıları

The present study aims to examine the relationship between high school students’ academic self-efficacy perceptions and their attitudes towards the use of media and information technology tools in learning English as well as the effects of gender and grade level on these variables. To this end, 249 Anatolian High School students in Istanbul from different grade levels took the Attitude Scale for the Use of Media and Information Technology Tools in Learning English (Güven, 2015) and the Academic Self Efficacy Scale (Kandemir , 2010). Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were carried out to analyze the quantitative data. The results showed that female students feel academically more self-efficient although no difference emerged between males and females in terms of their attitudes towards ICT and media tools in learning English. An incremental pattern was also observed in that students from the higher grade levels have more positive attitudes and feel more self-efficacious than students in the lower grades. In addition, correlational analyses showed that the students with a positive attitude towards ICT and media tools in learning English have higher academic self- efficacy levels. Likewise, the students with negative attitudes towards ICT and media tools had lower academic self-efficacy ratings.

Internet Addiction and the Psychometric Properties of the Nine-item Internet Disorder Scale-Short Form: An Application of Rasch Analysis.

BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of disordered internet use among adolescent university students and its association with various health complaints and behaviours, and most importantly to examine the psychometric properties of 9-item Internet Disorder Scale-Short Form (IDS9-SF) using factor analyses and Rasch analysis.MethodsA total of 1988 university students aged 18 to 25 years were selected via a multi-stage stratified random sampling technique among university students in Istanbul, Turkey (September 2017 to February 2018). Data collected included socio-demographics, lifestyle and dietary habits, and the 9-item IDS9-SF. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, multivariate analyses, factor analyses, path analysis, and Rasch analysis.FindingsUsing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the study investigated the latent structure of the IDS9-SF instrument and results supported its reliability and validity. The prevalence of disordered internet use was 18.3% in the sample. There were significant differences between those who had disordered internet use and those who did not in gender, family income, school performance, number of bedrooms at home, and number of people living at home, as well as internet use duration. Using multivariate regression analysis, key predictors of disordered internet use included (among others): gender, body mass index (BMI), household income, number of people living at home, having a computer at home, internet facilities, duration of internet use, sleeping hours, frequency of eating fast food, watching television, headache, hurting eyes, tired eyes, and hearing problems. Rash analysis demonstrated that four of the nine items (2, 3, 6, and 7) were more difficult for individuals to endorse compared to other items.ConclusionProblems arising from excessive internet use were apparent among the study sample and the IDS9-SF is a valid and reliable measure for assessing disordered internet use among Turkish adolescent population.

The quest for Turkish scholarships: African students, transformation and hopefulness

The purpose of this study is to move beyond the limited research emphasis on traditional South-North scholarship accessibility. We discuss and analyze how through South-South connections and scholarship opportunities African students rationalize accessibility to scholarships in Turkey. Building on qualitative data collected through interviews, focus groups and discussions with African students in Istanbul, Turkey, this paper finds that the activities as well as the meaning making of African students towards existing Turkish educational and scholarship opportunities, remain essential in understanding the dynamics of African students and accessibility to Turkish scholarships. In their quest for scarce scholarship opportunities, students employ the internet for exchanging information with fellow students; compare opportunities within and beyond Africa while, simultaneously, interacting with formal and informal networks that facilitate scholarship opportunities. Accessibility to Turkish scholarships therefore depends not only on Turkish state funds and its availability, but also on what the students and their networks and community relations are doing separately or together.

“I DO NOT TRUST THESE ORGANIZATIONS!” WHY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DO NOT VOLUNTEER IN TURKEY

Why some people do not volunteer? After doing a comprehensive literature review we summarized all potential reasons that have been mentioned so far. However, we also found important discrepancies between different studies. Thus, we concluded that an exploratory research can be useful to understand why people do not volunteer. In this study, by conducting nine focus groups we analyzed why university students from various disciplines of social sciences do not volunteer in Turkey. Focus groups were realized with 52 university students in Istanbul. Results revealed that the primary reason for the reluctance of university students to volunteer was related to trust issues. In other words, in Turkey, university students do not volunteer as they do not trust NGOs. Some other important reasons were also discussed in the article.

The limits of an ‘open mind’: state violence, Turkification, and complicity in the Turkish–Kurdish conflict

ABSTRACTThe history of Turkey, as experienced by its minority populations, is characterized by instances of demographic and topographic engineering, war, dispossession, and political violence. Rather than being single historical events, these are longue durée systematic processes of Turkification that have continuity with contemporary political arrangements and privileges, despite the fact that the notion of Turkishness has been continuously changing. This article reflects on ethnographic research and interviews with liberal Turkish university students in Istanbul about the Turkish–Kurdish conflict, conducted during a time of relative peace and political optimism. It discusses Turkish liberals’ silencing of state violence and denial of privilege constituted through violence. This ‘forgetting’ is conceptualized as a continuous investment in Turkishness, which involves complicity. Such analysis of belonging might help to explain today’s lack of political mobilization and solidarity between the Kurdish movement and opposition groups in the present time of growing political oppression.

Gifted Children Metaphor From The Perspective Of Teachers And Parents

Metaphors help understand how the meanings investigated are perceived (Cerit, 2008; Rizvanoglu, 2007). As may be seen from these statements, metaphors may be regarded as an important tool for identifying the perceptions of teachers and parents of the gifted children. Therefore, this study aims to explore the perceptions of teachers and parents of the gifted children by way of metaphors. The research participants were selected on voluntary basis from among the parents and teachers of primary and middle school students in Istanbul between the 2016-2017 academic year who are identified as gifted. A total of 150 parents and 50 teachers were included in the study group. Screening model was used in the present study entitled, “Gifted Children Metaphor from the Perspective of Teachers and Parents.” Data was collected by qualitative research method. The relevant information on the subject was collected using the interview technique. Teachers and parents were administered a semi-structured interview form. Both parents and teachers were asked the fill the form that includes the statement, “a gifted child is like because ” Data was analyzed using the content analysis technique. The views expressed by the parents and teachers during the interviews were read and coded accordingly, and thereafter, themes were created according to the inter-related codes.