Smoking Behavior Of Students Research Articles

Tobacco use among Kyrgyzstan medical students: an 11-year follow-up cross-sectional study

BackgroundMedical students are the first line active force to combat tobacco epidemic, but they may suffer from high smoking prevalence and wrong attitude themselves. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of current curriculum on smoking behavior of medical students in Kyrgyzstan.Methods20% random sample of all 6 years of the School of Medicine in Kyrgyz State Medical Academy were interviewed in spring 2016. The questionnaire included sections on tobacco products consumption and knowledge and attitude to counseling. We verified smoking status with exhaled CO measurement using Bedfont Smokelyzer.ResultsIn 618 students (48% female), the overall daily cigarette smoking prevalence was 21% (34% in males and 6% in females), being highest in years 1 and 3 and least in year 5 (prevalence difference 14%). With very low smokeless products and electronic cigarettes use prevalence, ever-smoking prevalence of waterpipe use was very high, reaching 85% in 6-year male students with alarmingly high prevalence in female students also. Only 74% students responded there was 100% evidence of harmful effects of tobacco, unchanged throughout the course of study.ConclusionsThe use of tobacco products, especially smoking waterpipe, in Kyrgyzstan medical students remains very high. Coupled with poor knowledge and high demand for more information, this demonstrates urgent need for more active and advanced training on tobacco control in medical school.

Peer Pressure and Smoking Behavior in Elementary School Students

Background :Adolescence is an important period in which many individuals are vulnerable to onset and progression of smoking. Peers are strongly associated with adolescent smoking initiation. This study is conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between peer pressure and smoking behavior in male elementary school students. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2014. Respondents were male students from grade four and five from state elementary schools (SDN) in Jatinangor district who voluntarily followed the research procedure. The sampling method used in this study was two-stage cluster sampling. A validated questionnaire was provided after getting informed consent from the respondents. The data analysis was performed using chi-square test. Results : As much as 110 male subjects were included in the study. Data showed that 57 students (51.8%) which were more than half of the number of students ever smoked and 53 students never smoked. Out of 110 students, 69 students (62.7 %) experienced peer pressure and 41 students (37.3%) never experienced peer pressure. The result of chi-square test from the study showed that the p-value is 0.000. Conclusions : There is a relationship between peer pressure and smoking behavior in male elementary school students in Jatinangor district. [AMJ.2017;4(1):1–5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1012

Smoking status, knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco among health profession students in Montenegro

Background Conducting educational programs in order to provide information and expand knowledge, should be primarily coordinated by health workers, which normally should be role models for a healthy lifestyle . Aim To determine smoking status, smoking related knowledge, attitudes and behavior in health profession students. Methods The Global Health Professional Student Survey (GHPSS) that collected information on health profession students (medical, nursing, dental and pharmacy) was carried out according to the established methodology of the World Health Organization. In Montenegro survey was conducted between October 2010 and March 2011 on a sample of 822 health profession students . For statistical processing of data descriptive and nonparametric analytical method as well as multivariate analysis were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software v. 17.0. Results In total 25% of surveyed students use tobacco, and 9% of them on regular basis. Health professional students that smoke more often support the idea that tobacco shouldn’t be banned in public places. They also think that health professionals do not need to be nonsmokers in order to advise their patients on the importance of non- smoking to health. In addition they don’t consider special education of health workers necessary so they could apply adequate and scientifically proven methods of smoking cessation on their patients. Conclusion Research data show that knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco among health profession students, especially regarding ban on tobacco products in public places as well as special training programs and methods of smoking cessation for health workers, are related to smoking status of respondents. Keywords: tobacco, smoking, students Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sigara Tüketimini Etkileyen Faktörler: Trakya Üniversitesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Uygulama

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that affect cigarette smoking behaviour of university students. In the concept of the study, face-to-face questionnaire is applied to students of Trakya University Keşan Yusuf Çapraz School of Applied Sciences. Binary Logistic Regression Analysis was used to analyze data that obtained from 300 students. As a result, it is found that gender, age, class, friends, smoking of familiy members, prestige, origin, being social and stress have significant effect on cigarette concumption of students .

Predictors of Daily and Occasional Smoking and Quitting in Irish University Students

Knowledge of student smoking behaviors and attitudes was sought to inform a proposal to implement a smoke-free university campus. This study assessed prevalence of student smoking and quitting behaviors and associated demographic, contextual and attitudinal factors. A cross-sectional design using a convenience sample on a single university site was utilized. Data were collected by anonymous self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic models comparing smokers and non-smokers (Model 1) and daily with occasional smokers Model 2. Of 739 respondents, 19% of students smoked; 12% occasional (non-daily) and 7% daily smokers. Smokers were more likely to be ≥22 years and to allow smoking inside their accommodation (Model 1). They were less likely to agree that tobacco was addictive and to consider those who smoked at parties and weekends to be regular smokers. In Model 2, daily smokers were older and nine times more likely to report increased difficulty in handling stress if they quit smoking. Forty-four percent of all smokers had attempted to quit in the past year, 35% of smokers intended to quit in the next 30 days and 53% in the next six months. Forty percent did not use quitting supports. Occasional rather than daily smoking was more prevalent in university students. Smokers differed from non-smokers in their perception of smoking-related health risks. Increasing age was the best predictor of regular and occasional smoking. Intentions to quit smoking and quit attempts were high among all smokers although use of on-site cessation supports was less than the optimal. These combined factors indicate a need for better targeting of our prevention strategies and the need to promote greater awareness of cessation supports for successful implementation of a smoke-free campus.

Student and staff beliefs about smoking in further education settings: qualitative findings from a process evaluation

BackgroundPreventing young people from taking up smoking is crucial to maintain and accelerate recent declines in smoking rates. Most prevention efforts have focused on schools, with almost no research conducted in further education settings, despite 44% of regular smokers indicating that they started smoking between the ages of 16 and 19 years. Using data collected during the process evaluation of a smoking prevention feasibility trial in further education settings, we aimed to explore young people's beliefs and behaviour regarding smoking and smoking prevention in these contexts. Methods11 focus groups of students (n=69) and six of staff (19) were conducted in three further education institutions (two colleges, one school sixth form) in Wales between May 1 and Sept 30, 2015. Focus groups included between two and 13 participants selected by convenience sampling. The groups covered views on student smoking behaviour, perceptions of the intervention, and perceived impact on student and staff smoking behaviours. Discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed in NVivo (version 10). All transcripts were coded line by line using a framework derived a priori from research questions and emergent indicative codes. FindingsStudents and staff expressed liberal, non-interventionist views about smoking. Though recognised as harmful, smoking was seen as a personal choice that should not be infringed, and students felt jaded by anti-smoking messages. Students used smoking behaviours to signify successful transition to adulthood—not by appearing grown-up, but by demonstrating their understanding of appropriate, responsible smoking behaviour (eg, protecting minors from second-hand smoke, being considerate to non-smokers). Staff commitment to fostering student autonomy conflicted with their perceived duty of care and institutional rules. For example, one institution banned smoking, causing tension between students and staff, who tried to respect student autonomy while enforcing the rules. InterpretationOur findings highlight students' liminal identities and tensions that can manifest as further education staff and institutions attempt to safely accommodate and nurture young people's transition to adulthood. Smoking is denormalised among this population and students can be desensitised to smoking prevention messages in this setting. Interventions in further education must be sensitive to the transitions young people experience. FundingThe National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research Programme funded the feasibility trial (13/42/02). The work was undertaken with the support of The Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), a UKCRC Public Health Research Centre of Excellence.

Influence of school-related factors on smoking among Chilean adolescents: a cross-sectional multilevel study.

BackgroundAdolescent tobacco smoking is a major health concern in Chile. Schools may be able to influence adolescent behaviour regarding smoking; however, this topic has received limited research attention in Latin-American countries. Moreover, the prevalence of cigarette smoking varies between schools, and some of this variability may be explained by school factors. This article examines the inter-school variability in student smoking in a large sample of Chilean schools and identifies the school- and student-level characteristics associated with cigarette smoking.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used self-reported student-level data from 45,273 students from 1462 schools and official data from these schools provided by the Chilean Ministry of Education (2007). Student smoking behaviour was used as an outcome, and individual-level and school-level features were used as explanatory variables. Logistic multilevel modelling was used to analyse the data.ResultsThe mean prevalence of smoking in the 1462 schools was 39.9 %. The null model indicated that 8 % of the variance in smoking behaviour was explained by schools; and in the final model, controlled by individual- and school-level variables, the variance explained by schools dropped to 2.4 %. The main school-level variables explaining the school influence were school bonding, school truancy and school achievement.ConclusionsThis is the first study to examine the extent to which student smoking varies between Chilean schools and to identify some of the school factors associated with this inter-school variability. Although most variation in smoking prevalence lies between students within schools, there is sufficient between-school variation to be of interest to educators and policy makers.

Ayah Permisif Mneingkatkan Risiko Anak untuk Merokok

Today, the problems of adolescent especially in smoking preference in Indonesia is very alarming. This study was conducted to analyze the influence of fathering on smoking behavior of junior high school students in rural area of Bogor. The design of this research was cross sectional study and used survey method. This study involved 60 students of seventh and eighth grades in two junior high schools in the Pamijahan Sub District, Bogor District, West Java Province that were selected by proportional random sampling. Data collection was conducted by self-administered and analyzed by independent samples t-test, Pearson’s correlation test, Chi-Square test, and logistic regression test. Fathering was measured base on parenting styles and modelling. Parenting style (authoritarian and permissive) correlated significantly with smoking behavior of students, whereas modelling didn’t correlate between male and female student. Age of student, sex of student, and father’s parenting style (authoritative and permissive) correlated significantly with student’s smoking behavior. Smoking behavior of students was influenced by length of father’s education and parenting styles (authoritative and permissive). Increasing of father’s education and using authoritative parenting style can decrease risk of student’s smoking behavior, while the permissive parenting style of father can increase risk of student’s smoking behavior.

EXPLANATION OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ SMOKING BEHAVIOR: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL APPROACH WITH THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR

Smoking is a worldwide problem that threatens people’s health. The average age of smokers has decreased with each passing day. Thus, studies focusing on preventing children or teenagers from starting smoking or studies aiming to help people quit smoking are one of the most effective ways of the fight against smoking. In order to prevent smoking behavior of young people it is necessary to thoroughly examine the reasons of such behavior. In this study, smoking behavior of high school students was examined in the framework of Planned Behavior Theory, which is a socio-psychological theory (TPB, Ajzen, 1985). With the structural equation model, which was constructed by taking TPB components into account, factors affecting students’ smoking behavior were determined. Theory of Planned Behavior has explained the smoking behaviors of the participants in 72%. It was seen that the most important TPB component that affects students’ behavior is attitude, which is followed by subjective norm and perceived behavior control, respectively. The results indicate that one should work on attitude first and foremost, and thus on behavioral beliefs in order to make changes in the students’ tendency to smoke, in other words, in their behavior. Key words: health education, smoking, structural equation model, theory of planned behavior.

Smoking behaviour, knowledge and perceived susceptibility to lung cancer among secondary-school students in Amman, Jordan.

Smoking in Jordan is a serious problem as it affects almost all segments of society including children. This study aimed to evaluate the smoking behaviour of Jordanian secondary-school students (aged 16-18 years), their awareness of the dangers of smoking and their perceived susceptibility to lung cancer. Of the stratified random sample of students from Amman schools (n = 648), 43% were ever smokers (had smoked for 1 year) and 27.6% were current smokers, while 81% reported having a smoker in the family. Students in western Amman (higher socioeconomic status) and those who started smoking at a younger age demonstrated better knowledge about smoking-related consequences. Perceived susceptibility to lung cancer was significantly associated with sex, perceived seriousness of lung cancer and school location. Students' sex, socioeconomic status and the family environment were important factors that influenced students' smoking behaviour and risk perceptions and these findings have significant policy implications.

Tobacco-free schools as a core component of youth tobacco prevention programs: a secondary analysis of data from 43 countries.

Preventing tobacco use is a key aspect of health promotion during adolescence. We assessed prevalence and impact of school-based tobacco prevention programs in 43 countries. We performed a secondary analysis of national data of students aged 13-15 years (Global Youth Tobacco Surveys) from 43 countries during 2005-2011. National surveys of the corresponding school personnel (Global School Personnel Surveys) were performed in each country during the same year as the student surveys. Data on status of enforcement of national smoke-free school policies were obtained from the 2008 and 2009 WHO MPOWER reports. Logistic regression was used to measure ecologic-level associations between school-based tobacco prevention programs and tobacco-related knowledge and behaviour among students (P < 0.05). The proportion of students who were taught in class about the dangers of tobacco use during the school year ranged from 31.4% (Georgia) to 83.4% (Papua New Guinea). For every 10% increase (country level) in the proportion of teachers who reported having a tobacco prevention curriculum in their school, the odds of students reporting exposure to education in class about the dangers of tobacco increased by 6.0% (AOR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04-1.08). However, didactic education in class about the dangers of tobacco use was not independently associated with student current cigarette smoking behavior. Conversely, the likelihood of being a current smoker was significantly lower among students in countries with moderate/strongly enforced national smoke-free school policies compared with those in countries with poorly enforced/no national smoke-free school policies (AOR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.45-0.76). Comprehensive tobacco prevention programs that include well-enforced smoke-free school policies may help reduce youth smoking.

Survey for Describing Students’ Smoking Behavior

This study contains information about the survey that was developed to examine smoking behavior of secondary school students and the factors that influence this behavior. The survey was prepared in accordance with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), proposed by Ajzen (1985). The survey consists of an introduction in which there are questions about demographic information and the main components of TPB (Behavior, Behavioral Intention, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control Scales) and the sub-components (Behavioral Beliefs, Normative Beliefs and Control Beliefs Scales). By applying this survey to large samples, it is planned to examine smoking behavior in detail.

Adolescent Perception on School Environment and Smoking Behavior: Analysis of Isfahan Tobacco use Prevention Program.

School provides a set of condition which is very important determinant for student smoking behavior. This study aims at exploring the association of the school environment on Iranian middle and high school students smoking. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was circulated among 5500 randomly selected students with 98.3% response rate. The questionnaire asked on demographic information, student smoking status, and their perception on the school environment. School environment factor was consist of teacher smoking, implementation of smoke-free policy at school, student adherence to this policy, student perception of school personnel attitude and attention on smoking and finally receiving information on smoke-related issues via teachers. Analyses were performed with SPSS software using Chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Boys with higher level of witness to teachers smoking had higher odds of being smoking (odds ratio [OR] =1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.17, 2.25); significant relationship was seen between boy's perception regarding school anti-smoking rules and their smoking (OR = 1.40, 98% CI 1.12, 1.75); fewer concern of school personnel on student smoking behavior was correlated to boys smoking behavior (OR = 1.31, 98% CI 1.06-1.63). Among girls, only higher perceived teacher smoking (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.04, 6.44) was associated with their smoking. Teachers have a crucial role in student smoking; therefore, they strategies must be taken to persuade the student, school staff, and students to adhere free-smoking policies in and out of school.

Risk Factors for Smoking Behaviors Among Adolescents

Many students in Korea begin to use tobacco and develop a regular smoking habit before they reach adulthood. Yet, little is known about various signs contributing to the transition of the student smoking behaviors. This study used a national sample to explore and compare risk factors for smoking behaviors. Three types of smoking behaviors were defined: never smoking (in their lifetime), history of experimental smoking (ever tried but not within the last 30 days), and current smoking (at least 1 day during the last 30 days). Risk factors for experimentally starting and not continuing smoking were identified as gender, perceived health status, and friend-related stress. School type, academic performance, alcohol use, perception of harm of smoking, and close friends' smoking increased the risk of progressing from never smoking to the history of experimental smoking and current smoking. Our findings may be valuable in school health care settings in planning cessation programs.

Prevalence of and factors associated with daily smoking among Inner Mongolia medical students in China: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

BackgroundTo date, no study on smoking behavior of medical students in Inner Mongolia has been reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the 1-month prevalence of and factors associated with daily smoking among medical students in Inner Mongolia of China, to assist interventions designed to reduce the smoking behavior of medical college students in this region.MethodsDuring December 2010 and January 2011 a cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students at the Inner Mongolia Medical College using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: students’ basic information, attitude on smoking behavior, and smoking status of the student daily smokers. Students who smoked every day in the last 30 days were regarded as daily smokers. Factors associated with smoking were identified using binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 6044 valid surveys were returned. The overall prevalence of daily smoking was 9.8% while the prevalence of daily smoking among males and females were 29.4% and 1.7%, respectively. Males in the Faculty of Medicine Information Management had the highest daily smoking rate (48.9%). Logistic regression models found that the main factors associated with daily smoking among male medical students were highest year of study (OR = 3.62; CI: 1.18–11.05); attitude towards smoking behavior Do not care about people smoking around you (OR = 2.75; CI: 2.08–3.64); and Smoking is harmful to their health (OR = 4.40; CI: 2.21–8.75). The main factor associated with daily smoking among female medical students was attitude towards smoking behavior Eliminate smoking on campus (OR = 0.11; CI: 0.06–0.23). Both for male and female medical students, there was no association between ethnicity and cigarette daily smoking. In regard to smoking status, more than 60% of daily smokers began smoking in high school, 61.3% smoked less than 5 cigarettes per day, 62.9% of the daily smokers’ families opposed their smoking behavior, and after an hour of not smoking 74.6% daily smokers did not feel uncomfortable.ConclusionsAntismoking education should be further promoted in Inner Mongolia medical students, with consideration given to the factors associated with daily smoking behavior found in the present study.

The role of family incomes in cigarette smoking: Evidence from French students

In this paper, we study the smoking behavior of students aged from 18 to 25 using four cross-section data sets collected in France from 1997 to 2006. We focus on the role played by student income and parental resources. We find that both the probability of smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked are positively correlated to family resources. Among students, only wages earned and transfers received from parents increase smoking participation. However, sensitivity to income remains weak since a rise of 1% in income of either the students or their parents leads to an increase in smoking prevalence of about 0.15–0.20%.

Mediating effects of coping, personal belief, and social support on the relationship among stress, depression, and smoking behaviour in university students

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether university students' smoking behaviour is associated with higher levels of stress and depression directly, or indirectly, via the mediation of coping, personal beliefs and social support.Design/methodology/approachThe study design involves a cross‐sectional survey. Structural equation modelling was employed to explore the relationships between smoking behaviour, stress and depression via the mediating effects of coping resources, personal beliefs and social support.FindingsThe higher the stress and depression levels, the more likely the respondents' were to adopt disengagement coping strategies and to engage in smoking behaviour. Stress was not found to have a significant direct effect on smoking behaviour when depression, active coping abilities and social support were included as mediators in the model. Thus, if stress is high yet coping skills are also high and personal beliefs are anti‐smoking, the likelihood of smoking was low.Research limitations/implicationsDisengagement coping strategies significantly increased the likelihood of smoking when stress heightened depression level. However, stress did not independently increase the chance of smoking when active coping and social support were moderating the effects of depression on smoking behaviour. Personal beliefs also acted as an independent contributor to increase the likelihood of smoking when pro‐smoking beliefs were held by individuals. Overall, this study suggests that personal coping strategies and personal beliefs, with social support, are important protective mechanisms through which stress and depression influence smoking behaviour.Practical implicationsHealth promotion programmes to encourage smoking cessation should therefore include measures to encourage young adults to adopt active coping strategies (e.g. exercise, recreational activities) to make interventions effective in reducing smoking rate.Originality/valueThis study identifies important mechanisms that underpin smoking behaviour among university students. The results provide evidence that supports the resilience perspective that personal coping resources, personal beliefs and protective factors, such as social support, are important factors either to lead people to adopt smoking behaviour, or to decrease the likelihood of smoking.

Canadian Campus Smoking Policies: Investigating the Gap Between Intent and Outcome From a Student Perspective

Background: Young adults remain the earliest legal target for the tobacco industry. Against this, the existence of smoking policies would appear to offer some protection to students on campus. However, little research has been conducted into the outcomes of such policies from a student perspective. Methods: The authors conducted 8 focus groups at 4 selected Canadian undergraduate campuses to investigate student perceptions and behaviors resulting from campus smoking policies. Results: Results indicated that student smoking behaviors are minimally impacted by campus smoking policies due to seriously compromised implementation and enforcement. Conclusions: These findings imply that the presence of campus smoking policies and claims of “smoke-free” campuses should not be misinterpreted as achievement and without renewed focus and adequate tobacco control infrastructure, it will remain possible for young adults to initiate and maintain tobacco smoking on campus.

Psychosocial Correlates of Smoking Behaviour Among Students at a Historically Black University

This study examined the influence of family structure and functioning on the smoking behavior of students attending a historically Black university. Participants were 316 students (average age = 21.2 years) at a South African university campus. They completed a smoking behavior survey. The data analyses revealed that family structure and functioning, and parental smoking predicted the students' smoking status. Family context contributes to smoking behavior among young college going adults. Additionally, being male and older age increased the odds of smoking.

Impulsivity-like traits and smoking behavior in college students

Recent research has deconstructed the concept of impulsivity by identifying five different traits that influence engagement in impulsive behaviors: positive urgency (tendency to act rashly in response to a positive mood), negative urgency (tendency to act rashly in response to a negative mood), sensation seeking, lack of planning, and lack of perseverance. The traits are only moderately related to each other. The aim of this study was to apply this advance to the study of smoking. We tested a two-stage hypothesis: Higher sensation seeking was hypothesized to differentiate current smokers from non-smokers, and negative and positive urgencies were expected to predict concurrent level of nicotine dependence among smokers. As anticipated, greater sensation seeking was associated with a higher odds of being a current smoker (odds ratio = 1.51). Greater positive urgency, but not other impulsivity-related traits, was associated with significantly higher levels of nicotine dependence, explaining 29% of the variance in level of nicotine dependence.