Student Research Committee Research Articles

Violence in the Emergency Department: Physicians, Medical Staff, and Patients

Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran Department of Internal Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran Department of Pediatrics, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran Medical Student Research Committee and Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran Corresponding author: Mohammad Bahadoram, Medical Student Research Committee and Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-6133362414, E-mail: mohammadbahadoram@yahoo.com

Silymarin prevented 6-OHDA induced oxidative stress in the substantia nigra of Parkinsonian male rats

Event Abstract Back to Event Silymarin prevented 6-OHDA induced oxidative stress in the substantia nigra of Parkinsonian male rats Rasool Haddadi1 and Alireza Gharib2, 3* 1 Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Iran 2 Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Iran 3 Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Neurophysiology Research Center, Iran Hyoscyamus reticulatus, of Solanaceae family, commonly known as henbane, is widely distributed in Asia and Europe. H. reticulatus is traditionally used in Chinese as well Indian and Iranian medicine. However, there are no reports on the analgesic activities. In the present study, we investigated the analgesic effect of intraperitoneal (ip) administration of methanolic extract of H. reticulatus on formalin-induced pain in the rat. Male Wistar rats were pre-treated with i.p. injections of Silymarin (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days. Then, parkinsonism was induced by unilateral infusion of 6-OHDA (8 µg/2 µl/rat) into the central region of the substantia nigra (SNc). SNc content of total glutathione (GSH & GSSG) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) activity were assessed 3 weeks after 6-OHDA injection. Our data demonstrated that silymarin pre-treatment, significantly increased the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio) in a dose dependent manner. The most antioxidant effect was observed at a dose of 300 mg/kg of silymarin (p<0.001). There was a significant (p<0.001) increase in GSSG level of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats; whereas, in silymarin (in all 3 doses, i.p. for 5 days) pre-treated hemi-parkinsonian rats, GSSG content was decreased markedly (p<0.001). Furthermore, pretreatment with silymarin significantly, and dose dependently prevented superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity suppression in the rat brain (SNc), in the animal models of Parkinson's disease. Pre-treatment with silymarin could be prevented from oxidative damage in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, by decreasing nigral level of GSSG and restoring SNC concentration of GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio and antioxidant enzyme activity to the levels of normal non-Parkinsonian rats. Therefore, this method has a great potential as a future therapy for Parkinson's disease. Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Substantia Nigra, Parkinson, neurodegeneration, in vivo Conference: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 27 Aug - 30 Aug, 2016. Presentation Type: Free Paper Session 1: Novel Therapy for Brain Disorders Topic: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry Citation: Haddadi R and Gharib A (2016). Silymarin prevented 6-OHDA induced oxidative stress in the substantia nigra of Parkinsonian male rats. Conference Abstract: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry. doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2016.36.00096 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 04 Aug 2016; Published Online: 11 Aug 2016. * Correspondence: Dr. Alireza Gharib, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Hamadan, Iran, gharibalireza@yahoo.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Rasool Haddadi Alireza Gharib Google Rasool Haddadi Alireza Gharib Google Scholar Rasool Haddadi Alireza Gharib PubMed Rasool Haddadi Alireza Gharib Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Effects of Anthropometric Factors on Foot Size in Normal Preschool Children of Iran

Effects of Anthropometric Factors on Foot Size in Normal Preschool Children of Iran Parvin- Dokht Bayat*; Mohammad Mehdi Ahmadi**; Mojtaba Moradi*** & Ali Ghanbari**** * Department of Anatomy, Arak Medical School, Arak University of Medical sciences, Arak, Iran. ** Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. *** Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran. **** Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Abstract The growth pattern of children is affected by anthropometric dimensions. This study was aimed to investigate anthropometric factors related to growth of preschool children of a sample population in Iran. This study was performed in year 2011 on 1320 of 4–7 years old preschool children in Arak. To classify, body mass index (BMI), height and weight were recorded. The four contact points (head, back, buttocks, and heels) were maintained against the spine of the stadiometer during measurement. The head was positioned in the Frankfurt plane, and the sliding bar was lowered the crown of the head. Height was measured and recorded by the researchers. A pair of manual calibrated Seca scales was used to measure body mass in kilograms. The participants were least dressed in the uniform. We have classified BMI to four groups as group1, BMI with 10.75–15 and group 2, 3, 4 with 15.1–17 and 17.1–20, 20.1–22.5, respectively. Foot length was recorded as the distance from the posterior aspect of the heel to the most distal aspect of the longest toe. Foot length was measured with subjects standing upright using a foot board, a plastic device with calibrated lineation (in centimeters and millimeters). Analysis showed that sex neither affect on BMI nor foot measurements. The present findings contribute to the understanding of the effect of body mass on the structural development of the pediatric foot and musculoskeletal system. Excessive body mass seems to lead to increased foot length and width. KEY WORDS: Anthropometry; Body mass index; Iran; Obesity; Sex.

Comparison the Effects of Cerium Nanoparticles (CeNP) and Cerium Oxide (CeO2) on Oxidative Toxic Stress in Human Lymphocytes

1 Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ‎Iran.‎ 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 3 Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran, Iran. 4 Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.

The Frequency of Various Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescents, Based on Rotterdam Criteria

1Department of Midwifery, Maternal–Fetal Medicine Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran 2Department of Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran 3Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran 4Department of Bio-Statistics, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran

Combined use of intrathecal opioids and dexmedetomidine in the management of neuropathic pain.

Zoonoses Research Center, *Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohamed Amin Ghobadifar, Farideh Pourghashdar*, Armin Akbarzadeh, and Zahra Mosallanejad

Confronting the Effects of 0.9% Saline Administration on Breathing

Saline (0.9%) is regularly used in hospitals and research settings as a resuscitation solution or as a conduit to administer compounds to patients or subjects. Preliminary data in our laboratory suggested dissimilar ventilation following short‐term i.p. saline administration (n=4) compared to non‐injected (n=6) mice (frequency: 111±15 vs. 126±4 breaths/min; tidal volume (TV): 0.31±0.02 vs. 0.35±0.01 mL/breath; minute ventilation (MV): 35.1±5.9 vs 43.9±1.4 mL/min). In addition, previous reports suggest that the addition of 0.9% saline could induce changes in pH, possibly altering breathing. We tested the hypothesis that ventilation would be higher in mice prior to saline administration compared to after saline administration. Utilizing unrestrained barometric plethysmography, we tested 18 week old CD‐1 male mice prior to intervention and following 7 days of 0.9% saline (i.p., 10mL/kg body mass) during exposure to room air. Values are reported as MEAN ± SEM; p&lt;0.05; n=4. There were no differences when comparing PRE vs. POST saline in frequency (137±9 vs. 142±10 breaths/min, TV (0.46±.01 vs. 0.52±.02 mL/breath), or MV (62.5±3.8 vs. 72.5±7.7 mL/min). Conscious blood gas sampling showed no differences between 7 days of saline administration (pH: 7.46±0.00; PaCO2: 29.3±2.3) and 1 day of washout (pH: 7.39±0.03; PaCO2: 39.1±4.6). Our preliminary findings indicate no impact of saline administration on the pattern of breathing during exposure to room air. Funding: Le Moyne College Student Research Committee and McDevitt Center Research Fellowship in Natural Science (TG).

The Effects of Dietary Capsaicin on Ventilation in Aging Mice

Capsaicin (CAP), the main pungent component of chili peppers, is a selective agonist for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Stimulation of TRPV1 receptors with low doses of CAP results in augmented ventilatory output in anesthetized mice (Wang, 2006 JAP). We tested the hypothesis that dietary intake of CAP in older mice would augment ventilation compared to a control diet. Male mice were tested using unrestrained barometric plethysmography to quantify ventilation before initiation of a specialized diet and after 4‐weeks of AIN‐93G diet (Harlan Teklad) enhanced with either CAP dissolved in lecithin (50 mg/kg food weight: CAP; n=13) or lecithin only (CON; n=12). Mice were acclimated to the chamber (30 min – 180 min) and a 10‐min baseline was collected with room air. Data were analyzed using a multi‐variate linear model and are presented as MEAN±SEM; p &lt; 0.05. At 23‐mon, mice displayed a similar pattern of quiet breathing (data combined; Freq 124±4 bpm, tidal volume (TV) 0.33±0.01 mL/breath, minute ventilation (MV) 40.7±2.1 mL/min). Following 4 weeks of AIN‐93G diet, CON vs. CAP groups demonstrated no differences when exposed to room air for Freq (119±9 vs. 146±13 bpm), TV (0.34±0.02 vs. 0.32±0.01 mL/breath) or MV (39.3±2.6 vs. 47.1±4.7). These responses indicate that dietary CAP does not alter quiet breathing in aging mice. Both groups were exposed to acute hypoxia (15 minutes; 10% O2); these data may provide additional insight regarding the pattern of breathing following dietary CAP. Funding: LMC Student Research Committee; McDevitt Center Research Fellowships in Natural Science to AL and SR.

Changes in Lumbar Lordosis During the Prone Knee-Flexion Test in Healthy Subjects

1Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran *Corresponding author: Ailin Talimkhani, Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985713834, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +982122180039, E-mail: ailintalimkhani@yahoo.com

Assessment of Writing Errors and Peer Review Process of Accepted Abstracts in the 13th Annual Research Congress of Iran’s Medical Sciences Students

Background: Despite more than a decade experience of annual student congresses in Iran, major scientific writing weakness still exists in students’ abstracts submitted to the Annual Research Congress of Iran’s Medical Sciences Students (ARCIMSS). Assessment of these abstracts can provide information on common scientific writing errors and subsequent development of abstract quality for the future congresses. Assessment of writing errors and peer review process of accepted abstracts in ARCIMSS 13th forms the central idea of the present study. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, from all 505 accepted abstracts, 17 abstracts were excluded and the remaining 488 abstracts were evaluated for affiliation and educational level of the presenter, presentation type, writing errors and the scores of reviewing process for each abstract. Writing errors were compared based on the presenters’ affiliation (Student Research Committee (SRC) affiliated and non-SRC affiliated) and educational level. Also, correlation between students and faculty members’ reviewing scores in peer review process was evaluated.Results: Writing errors were seen in 242 (49.6%) abstracts and the majority of errors were seen in the “author’s affiliation” section (26.6%). The frequency of writing errors was significantly lower in SRC-affiliated abstracts comparing to non-SRC affiliated (P=0.038) that was not significantly different from postgraduate and undergraduate presenters (P=0.34). There was no significant correlation between pre-congress and during-congress peer reviewing scores (P=0.399, r=0.05). Conclusion: There were significant writing errors in accepted abstracts. This issue underlines the necessity of educational interventions performed by SRC members in order to develop students’ skills in abstract writing based on standard guidelines. [GMJ.2014;3(4):245-51]&#x0D;

Imposition of encapsulated non-indigenous probiotics into intestine may disturb human core microbiome.

1 Student Research Committee, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2 Student Research Committee, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran 4 Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran *Correspondence: yomidi@tbzmed.ac.ir

The potential role of intrathecal nefopam in the management of neuropathic pain.

Received April 22, 2014. Accepted May 10, 2014. Correspondence to: Mohamed Amin Ghobadifar Department of Student Research Committee, Medicine School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Motahari Avenue, Jahrom, Iran Tel: +98-936-620-8078, Fax: +98-711-636-13-86, E-mail: amin_m505@yahoo.com This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright c The Korean Pain Society, 2014 LETTERS TO EDITORS

Al-Akhawayni's account of carotid sinus hypersensitivity

a Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran b Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran c Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran d Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Avicenna's description of cardiac tamponade

a Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran b Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran c Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran d Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Comments on "The Effect of Low-dose Ketamine on Post-caesarean Delivery Analgesia after Spinal Anesthesia"

Received September 24, 2013. Accepted October 8, 2013. Correspondence to: Mohamed Amin Ghobadifar Department of Student Research Committee, Medicine School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Motahari Avenue, Jahrom, Iran Tel: +98-917-1020-790, Fax: +98-711-635-40-94, E-mail: amin_m505@yahoo.com This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright c The Korean Pain Society, 2014 LETTERS TO EDITORS

Prevalence and trends of low birth weight in Iran: A systematic review and

ABSTRACT Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as a weight of 2499 g or less and in world it is considered an important determinant of infant health status. This paper aims to determine of trends and prevalence of LBW in Iran with Meta analysis method. Materials and Methods: on the computerized literature valid on valid keyword with search in valid database (SID.MEDLIB, IRANMEDEX, GOOGLE, MAGIRAN, and PUBMED) recruited in different geographic areas. To explore heterogeneity in studies I 2 index was used. Meta-analysis used to data analysis with random effects model. Results: Hospital data 195075 children enrolled in study. The Thirty eight studies met our inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence rate of LBW was 7%. Prevalence of LBW in Iran showed an increasing trend during 1991-2010. Conclusions: The LBW rate in Iran is high. There is a need to change obstetric policy on weight gain during pregnancy to reverse the LBW rate trend. Keywords: Low birth weight, Iran, Meta-analysis, Systematic Review 1. Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam,Iran 2. Department of Social Medicine, faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam-Iran 3. Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences 4. PhD candidate ,Faculty member Department of Basic sciences Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Shahid Beheshti university of Medical sciences Tehran-Iran *Corresponding author:Sayehmiri@razi.tums.ac.ir

Avicenna'/INS;s description of Willis circle

Aliasghar Karimi , Arman Zargaran ⁎, Afshin Borhani-Haghighi d,e a Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran b Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran c Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran d Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran e Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Effect of Collimation on Radiation Exposure and Image Quality

Received May 15, 2013. Accepted May 31, 2013.Correspondence to: Mohamed Amin Ghobadifar, MDDepartment of Student Research Committee, Medicine School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Motahari Avenue, Jahrom, IranTel: ＋98-936-620-8078, Fax: ＋98-711-636-13-86, E-mail: amin_m505@yahoo.com This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Copyright ⓒThe Korean Pain Society, 2013

Relieving Pain with Acupuncture after Inguinal Surgeries

Received March 28, 2013. Accepted April 18, 2013. Correspondence to: Mohamed Amin Ghobadifar, MD Department of Student Research Committee, Medicine School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Motahari Avenue, Jahrom, Iran Tel: +98-936-620-8078, Fax: +98-711-636-13-86, E-mail: amin_m505@yahoo.com This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright c The Korean Pain Society, 2013 LETTER TO EDITORS

Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Major Fractions of Quercus Infectoria Galls

1 Traditional and Herbal Medicines Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2 Pharmaceutics Research center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 3 Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 4 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran