Student Behavior Research Articles

Periodontal and Caries Status in Relation to Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Medical and Dental Students in Taxila, Pakistan

Periodontal and Caries Status in Relation to Oral Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Medical and Dental Students in Taxila, Pakistan

CHEATING IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

In this study, cheating behaviors of higher education students and the changes in these behaviors due to developments in the field of artificial intelligence were examined based on the literature. The investigations show that the cheating behavior of the students is at a level that disrupts the accuracy of the decisions made about the students and academic honesty, which is one of the cornerstones of higher education. Cheating in exams, plagiarism and contract cheating are the most common of these behaviors. The way cheating behavior is displayed has also changed from past to present, depending on educational programs, measurement approaches, and developments in technology and artificial intelligence. Tremendous developments in the field of artificial intelligence in the last three years have caused students to make artificial intelligence tools an indispensable part of their cheating processes. This situation requires the development and implementation of new methods to detect and prevent cheating in higher education. Therefore, structuring new studies that address the cheating problem and its solutions in various aspects, including the technology and especially artificial intelligence dimension, is important in terms of its contribution to relevant people and institutions. It is thought that this study is important in terms of drawing attention to the issue.

Design of determinants of online shopping intentions and behavior of students at private universities in East Jakarta 2024

Globalization and technological advances, especially the internet, have changed people's shopping patterns. Online shopping is now a trend, allowing easy access to products at any time. The Covid-19 pandemic has accelerated this transition, with 74.5% of consumers preferring to shop online rather than offline, creating a new profitable consumption pattern. This study aims to identify significant relationships between latent variables that influence online shopping behavior, including Online Shopping Motivation, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control, Consumer Knowledge, Online Shopping Intention, and Online Shopping Behavior. This research design uses a quantitative approach with SEM-PLS to analyze the relationship between variables that influence online shopping behavior of students at Private Universities in East Jakarta, providing an in-depth understanding for e-commerce in more effective marketing strategies. The results of the analysis show that Perceived Behavioral Control plays an important role in increasing online shopping knowledge and intention, supporting the theory of Planned Behavior. In addition, Subjective Norms are proven to influence consumer knowledge and intention, reflecting the impact of the social environment on shopping decisions. Although there is a positive relationship between Online Shopping Intention and Online Shopping Behavior, the results show that intentions are not always realized in action, indicating the complexity of consumer behavior. The implications of this study include the importance of consumer education to increase perceived control, leveraging social norms in marketing strategies through collaboration with influencers, and attention to other factors that influence shopping decisions. This study highlights the need to develop more effective marketing strategies, based on a deeper understanding of the relationships between variables, to increase consumer engagement and conversion on online shopping platforms. These findings contribute to academic and practical understanding in the context of shopping behavior in the digital era.

Due Tomorrow? Do Tomorrow: An Inquiry into EFL Students’ Online Assignment Submission Behaviours

Time management is crucial for academic success, particularly in higher education, where deadlines play a significant role. While students recognise the importance of assignments, they often struggle due to several reasons. This study aims to examine the online submission behaviours of undergraduate EFL students and explore the reasons behind last-minute submissions. The relationship between last-minute submissions and initiation types (time), academic performance, and variation among different deadline hours were examined through quantitative methods and the factors affecting the participants’ behaviours were explored through qualitative methods. Quantitative results shed light on when and how participants submit assignments and illustrates that last-minute submissions occurred regardless of initiation type, and submission timing didn't impact academic performance. Qualitative results showed that many factors such as strategical planning, the complexity of the assignment, anxiety, physical health, procrastination, academic overload, household environment, and access to technology affect the submission behaviours. In light of these results, implications regarding coping with anxiety and procrastination are recommended in the conclusion.

Changes in overweight and overweight-related health behavior in higher education students in Finland

Abstract Introduction Covid-19 pandemic may have had negative effects on overweight and overweight-related health behavior in young adults. The aim was to examine the changes in overweight, physical activity, sedentary behavior and daytime tiredness in higher education students during and after the pandemic. Methods Two cross-sectional student representative surveys (aged 18-34 y) were conducted in 2021 (n = 6258, response rate 53 %) and 2024 (n = 3638, response rate 31 %). Overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) was based on self-reported height and weight. Physical activity was dichotomized into those meeting physical activity recommendations and others. Sedentary behavior was dichotomized into sitting in front of TV, computer or smart device over three hours a day during leisure time and others. Daytime tiredness was dichotomized into those feeling tired 6-7 days a week and others. Results The preliminary results indicate that overweight in women increased from 34 % to 39 % whereas no increase was observed among men (47 % vs. 46 %) between 2021 and 2024. Meeting the physical activity recommendation increased from 46 % to 55 %, the change being similar for both sexes. Sitting over three hours in leisure time in front of TV, computer or smart device decreased from 54 % to 50 %. In men, the prevalence of sitting decreased (62% vs. 57 %) whereas in women no statistically significant change was observed (47% vs 45 %). No statistically significant change was observed in feeling tired almost every day (26 % vs 24 %). Conclusions Among higher education students, an increase in prevalence of overweight in women was observed for three years period. Favourable changes were observed in physical activity in both men and women, and sedentary behavior in men. Surveillance of the long-term health consequences of the pandemic in young adults is important for planning and targeting preventive activities. Key messages • Overweight increased among female higher education students after COVID-19 pandemic. • Factors supporting favourable changes in health behaviour of young adults after pandemic should be examined in longitudinal setting.

Consumption Values and Green Purchase Behaviour among University of Uyo Students in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

The need to maintain a healthy lifestyle has led to a significant increase in the demand for goods and services that are environmentally friendly. However, previous investigations suggest that not only companies and the government, but also students, who play a significant role in consumption activities, should initiate solutions to environmental issues. In this study, the researchers investigate the influence of consumption values (functional, social, emotional, conditional, and epistemic) on the green purchase behaviour of university students in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study. A simple random sampling technique was used to draw 400 students from selected faculties of the University of Uyo. A structured questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale was used to collect data from the respondents. The collected data were tested and analysed using a simple linear regression approach. Findings from the study show that consumption values (functional value, social value, emotional value, conditional value, and epistemic value) have a significant influence on the green purchase behaviour of students in Akwa Ibom State. The researchers recommend that students should develop strategies that will improve their consumption behaviour towards purchasing environmentally friendly products.

Eight Dimensions of Wellness: Undergraduate Student Behavior

Background: Mental health and well-being are important public health issues. College students are vulnerable to mental health and other wellness issues as this population is often making lifestyle choices autonomously for the first time and many are balancing new responsibilities, priorities, and situations in life. Aim: This study sought to gain an understanding of college students’ behavior when provided time and autonomy to focus on their wellness needs. Methods: Students completed a self-selected activity that corresponded to a dimension of wellness. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test was performed to determine distribution of responses. A chi-square test of independence was performed to examine relationships between dimension of wellness and gender, year of enrollment, and the interaction of gender by year of enrollment. Results: All dimensions of wellness were reflected in student responses with physical, social, and emotional dimensions selected more frequently. A significant relationship was found between dimension of wellness and gender and the interaction effect of gender by year of enrollment. No significant relationship was found between dimension of wellness and year of enrollment. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for diversity in wellness programming and provides valuable insights to optimize student support.

The Relation between Mentalized Affectivity and Negative Emotions in Chinese College Students: The Moderating Effect of Internet Altruistic Behavior

This article aims to investigate the impact of mentalized affectivity on negative emotions among Chinese college students based on a questionnaire survey of 899 university students. The study adopts a mentalized affectivity scale, an internet altruistic behavior scale, and a self-analysis questionnaire. The study’s findings reveal a negative correlation between mentalized affectivity and depression, anxiety, and stress, but a positive correlation with variables linked to internet altruistic behavior in college students. Additionally, the study reveals a significant moderating effect of internet altruistic behavior on the relationship between mentalized affectivity and depression and anxiety. It is concluded that an increased level of affectivity can help modulate negative emotions and that internet altruistic behavior can play a moderator role in the modulation process.

Gambaran Kecenderungan Perilaku Self Injury pada Siswa SMP

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of junior high school students who have difficulty channeling negative emotions when facing problems. Self-injury behavior will have a negative impact on students, therefore students are expected to be able to carry out positive activities to vent their negative emotions. The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the tendency of students' self-injury behavior, (2) to describe the tendency of students' self-injury behavior from the environmental dimension, (3) to describe the tendency of students' self-injury behavior from the biological dimension, (4) to describe the tendency of students' self-injury behavior from the cognitive dimension, (5) to describe the tendency of students' self-injury behavior from the affective dimension and (6) to describe the tendency of students' self-injury behavior from the behavioral dimension. The method used is quantitative descriptive, with a sample of 49 students and the instrument used is a self-injury behavior tendency instrument with a Likert scale. The results of the study showed that: (1) the tendency of self-injury behavior in students as a whole is in the moderate category (56.44%), (2) the tendency of self-injury behavior in students from the environmental dimension is in the moderate category (55.10%), (3) the tendency of self-injury behavior in students from the biological dimension is in the moderate category (61.22%), (4) the tendency of self-injury behavior in students from the cognitive dimension is in the low category (48.98%), (5) the tendency of self-injury behavior in students from the affective dimension is in the moderate category (42.86%) and (6) the tendency of self-injury behavior in students from the behavioral dimension is in the moderate category (46.94%). Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that guidance and counseling teachers provide services to reduce the tendency of self-injury behavior in students in the form of information services, individual counseling services, group counseling services and group guidance services.

Improving Behavior in a Self-Contained Elementary Classroom for Students With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders: A Study of CW-FIT

Class-wide Function-related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) is a classroom management intervention in which teachers incorporate positive behavior support (PBS) principles by teaching specific classroom expectations and providing feedback on student behavior as part of an interdependent group contingency. Interventions like CW-FIT may be helpful for students with emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD), as such students often struggle to succeed in school. In the present replication study, researchers examined the effects of CW-FIT in a self-contained elementary EBD classroom. One teacher and her five students with EBD participated. Researchers used an A-B-A-B withdrawal design with maintenance probes to examine changes in students’ on-task behavior, as well as teacher praise and reprimand rates. Results revealed the teacher was able to implement CW-FIT with fidelity with corresponding increases in student on-task behavior and teacher praise, though there was little effect on teacher reprimands. The teacher and the students found CW-FIT to be socially valid. Results suggest CW-FIT can be an effective classroom management intervention in self-contained elementary EBD classrooms.

The Impact of Financial Knowledge on College Students' Financial Behavior: A Systematic Literature Review

This research explores the influence of financial knowledge on the financial behavior of students. The low level of financial knowledge among students can lead to financial problems, such as high debt. The aim of this research is to provide a clearer framework regarding how financial knowledge influences the financial behavior of students. Using the PRISMA-based Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, it shows that the higher the financial knowledge of students, the better their financial behavior, enabling them to manage their finances well, such as budgeting, managing debt, and saving. Financial education in higher education is crucial for shaping responsible financial behavior, so appropriate interventions can help students develop better financial skills for their future.

Modelling Bilinguals’ Language Shift Intentions: Towards the Development of the “Context-Dependent Theory of Language Shift”

The goal of this study was to create a theoretical framework (the ‘Context-Dependent Theory of Language Shift’) that explains how school-related linguistic practices and ideologies influence students’ language shift intentions in varying communicative domains. Data obtained from 560 high school students in Cape Coast, Ghana were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the proposed theoretical framework. The results indicated that language attitudes, parental pressure, and English performance anxiety significantly influence students’ language shift intentions in formal communicative domains. Nonetheless, apart from attitude, these variables do not influence students’ language shift intentions in informal domains. Based on this statistical insight, our theoretical proposition is that the language shift behaviours of students in Ghana and Africa tend to be fluid and context-dependent. This presupposes that factors that may compel them to shift from their L1 to English in a given context may not compel them to shift in different contexts.

Smoking Behavior of High School Students in Jambi City

Cigarettes are addictive substances that, when used, can cause a number of adverse health effects. The objective of this study was to ascertain the proportion of schools that conduct eight assessments of smoke-free area indicators, gain insight into the role of officers, and evaluate the supervision of smoke-free area policies. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) as its primary methods of data collection. Purposive sampling strategy used for qualitative research, with a sample size of 17 informants. The qualitative analysis was conducted using the Open Code application. The findings of this study indicate that the majority of the school community is aware of the dangers of smoking and the No Smoking Area policy. However, the role of officers and supervision of the No Smoking Area is still not being carried out effectively. The study findings indicate that schools in Jambi City have not implemented the No Smoking Area policy.

Implementing the Color Wheel System in an Inclusive Middle School Setting

The Color Wheel System (CWS), a class-wide, rule-based behavioral management strategy, is a successful intervention to reduce off-task behaviors for elementary school students. However, this intervention has rarely been investigated in the middle school setting. The current study implemented the CWS within three sixth-grade general education inclusionary classrooms in a middle school in the United States. A multiple-baseline across classrooms design evaluated the effects of the CWS on class-wide inappropriate vocalizations. Partial-interval time-sampling recorded intervals when any student in the class displayed inappropriate vocalizations. Visual analysis of time-series graphs and effect size measures indicated that the CWS created large, immediate, and sustained decreases in inappropriate vocalizations across all classrooms. Implications for using the CWS as a class-wide behavioral management strategy within the middle school setting and directions for future research are discussed.

Cybersecurity behaviours of the employees and students at the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the most common characteristics that make Internet users at the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences (SKA) vulnerable to various threats. This includes password management habits, online banking, shopping and payment behaviours, time spent online, use of public Wi-Fi, gaming and watching movies online. Additionally, the study seeks to review the dangers users encounter and how cautious they are, such as which online activities they consider the most dangerous and which they perceive as safe.Design/methodology/approachThe data used in this paper is based on an overview of relevant literature, highlighting previous studies and methodologies and explaining why the human factor is considered the weakest link in cybersecurity. This research aims to help characterise the patrons of the SKA and make suggestions for future training and research. For this purpose, the students, administrative employees and academic staff of the SKA were investigated. A five-point scale questionnaire with 54 questions was used as the methodology of the study, considering the following four scales: risky behaviour, conservative behaviour, risk exposure behaviour and risk perception behaviour. The results are interpreted based on the literature, and data obtained from the completed questionnaires were analysed using Excel’s Data Analysis ToolPak. The results are presented mostly as tables and bar charts.FindingsThe research results show that the cybersecurity behaviour of employees and students is generally at a good level. However, some aspects of conservative behaviour need increased attention, such as the use of USB and other external media, opening links in emails too readily, monitoring the authenticity of visited websites and deleting browsing history before logging out. Cyber training has a noticeable effect on behaviour, particularly in the context of password management.Originality/valueNo previous research on cyber behaviour has been conducted in the context of Estonian higher education, despite the increasing number of cyber-attacks in this sector.

The correlation between medical students’ clinical dishonesty, psychological distress, and moral intelligence

IntroductionClinical dishonesty is one of the components of academic dishonesty that deals with the unprofessional behavior of students in hospital and clinic environments (medical students, nursing students, etc.). Psychological distress and low moral intelligence among students can be known as predisposing factors in performing dishonest clinical behaviors. The present research addresses a gap in the scientific literature by investigating dishonest behavior among medical students.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined medical students’ clinical dishonesty, psychological distress, and moral intelligence. Rafati et al.‘s questionnaire was used to investigate clinical dishonesty, Kessler’s Psychological Distress Questionnaire (K6) was used for psychological distress, and Lenik and Keil’s (2005) questionnaire was used to determine moral intelligence. Cochran’s formula was used to calculate the sample size and the simple random sample (SRS) method was used for sampling. Data were statistically analyzed in SPSS version 27 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). a P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results317 medical students were included in this study, of which 176 (55.5%) were male and 141 (44.5%) were female. We found a direct and significant statistical correlation between clinical dishonesty and students’ distress (Correlation Coefficient: 0.162, P-value < 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant inverse correlation between clinical dishonesty and moral intelligence (Correlation Coefficient: -0.241, P-value: 0.004). Moreover, there was a higher rate of clinical dishonesty among senior medical students (P-value < 0.001). Moreover, the most dishonest clinical behaviors are as follows: [1] Disclosure of patient information in public or with non-medical personnel (76%), Incorrect examination of vital signs and physical examinations (69.4%), Not reporting incidents or errors of others involving patients (41.6%).ConclusionFinally, most students have experienced engaging in at least one clinically dishonest behavior. Such actions increase with the progress of the educational level so that it reaches its peak at the internship stage. Moral intelligence is a learnable concept, and mental distress also has its own treatments. Therefore, improving these two factors can reduce clinical dishonesty among medical students.

Clinical Instructor's Self-reported Modeling of Evidence-Based Practice During Student Clinical Experience.

Having clinical instructors (CIs) model evidence-based practice (EBP) may enhance physical therapist student engagement in the EBP process and learning. However, the extent of EBP modeling by CIs at present is not known. The purpose of this survey was to assess the modeling of EBP by CIs during physical therapist student clinical education experiences (CEs). The literature focuses on the impact of CIs on the students including the significance of CIs modeling behaviors for students during a CE. Not much is known about if EBP concepts are modeled by the CIs during the CE. Three hundred and eight CIs affiliated with the Physical Therapist program. A 37-item anonymous e-survey that included CI demographic data, questions about EBP modeling by CI during CEs, and resources and policies surrounding the use of EBP in the clinical setting. The results of this survey indicate that CIs' modeling of EBP varies by domain. CIs successfully model EBP by asking relevant clinical questions and acquiring relevant literature. The modeling of critical appraisals and the use of EBP metrices during the diagnostic and intervention planning were not done by most CIs. It is important that CIs model the use of EBP concepts during a physical therapist student's CE to develop future evidence-based practitioners. However, this modeling may be limited by CIs' familiarity with EBP. The results of this survey indicate an uneven modeling of EBP concepts, with certain domains being modeled more than the others. The findings of the survey may be used to develop refresher/reference materials specifically designed for busy CIs.

Information Needs and Seeking Behavior of Students in Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Rumuola, Port Harcourt.

Information Needs and Seeking Behavior of Students in Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Rumuola, Port Harcourt.

Kuwaiti Teachers’ Classroom Behavior Management Practices, Experiences, and Beliefs

Recent statistics suggest that student externalizing behaviors are increasing in Western and Asian countries; however, there is a paucity of research on teachers’ perspectives of these behaviors in Middle Eastern countries. A mixed-methods research design was used to investigate Kuwaiti public elementary and middle school teachers’ perceptions of their classroom behavior management (CBM) experiences, including their (a) academic preparation; (b) use of CBM practices to support students with externalizing behaviors; (c) observations of student externalizing behaviors; and (d) perceptions on administrative support and family involvement. Participants included 2,140 general and special education teachers randomly recruited from 45 schools. Results indicated that fewer than half of the teachers surveyed had prior instruction in CBM, reported using a wide variety of CBM practices in response to student behavior problems, and perceived higher levels of administrative support than family involvement. Implications of the study’s findings and suggestions for further research were discussed

Which videos are better for the students? Analyzing the student behavior and video metadata

Due to its inherent flexibility and adaptability, e-learning has become a versatile and effective educational option, with video-based learning (VBL) enabling asynchronous engagement. Despite the wealth of video resources, evaluating their effectiveness remains challenging. This study employs a comprehensive approach, analyzing student behavior and video metadata to assess educational videos’ efficacy. Metrics such as average playback speed, video and course completion rates, and video metadata were examined using the XuetangX dataset, MOOC- CubeX. Results indicate that viewing patterns are more influenced by students’ choices than by video content. Well-conceptualized videos increase viewing time, with 17 % of students engaging with videos over 30 min if they cover focused topics. While shorter videos generally have higher completion rates, many remain untouched. Playback speed analysis shows a preference for standard speed, with positive correlations between speed and both completion percentage and viewing time. Courses under 5 h are likely to be watched for less than an hour, reflecting brief viewing durations. Metadata analysis reveals that generic titles may deter engagement, underscoring the importance of precise tagging and content relevance for enhancing student interaction.