Student Answers Research Articles

(023) THE IMPACT OF TITLE IX MANDATORY REPORTING POLICY ON UNDERGRADUATES' LIKELIHOOD OF REPORTING SEXUAL VIOLENCE

Abstract Introduction In the United States, Title IX requires employees of federally funded universities to report any knowledge of university-related nonconsensual sexual experiences (NSEs), whether or not the students involved desire to file a report. Research assessing students’ likelihood of reporting sexual violence (SV) to someone at their university under these policies remains sparse; however, extant research indicates students are more likely to report when SV is penetrative, the perpetrator is a professor, and the event is similar to stereotypes of SV but they are less likely to report when alcohol is present or a student is the perpetrator. Alcohol is present in roughly half of all college SV and alcohol is the greatest rape-risk factor for female students. Despite the widespread implementation of MR policies, there is no consensus on how these policies actually impact students’ reporting. None of the previous studies on MR have used an experimental design to evaluate the effects of MR on students’ likelihood of reporting sexual violence to universities. Objective The current study aimed to fill these gaps by (1) using an experimental design to assess students’ likelihood of reporting sexual violence and (2) by evaluating how contextual factors, like perpetrator, violence type and alcohol consumption, impact likelihood of reporting under MR policy Methods 171 female undergraduate students were recruited for the current study. Participants were randomized into two groups: one group was instructed to imagine that their university had MR policies in place while the other was instructed to imagine that university employees were all confidential reporting (CR) sources-- meaning that students could disclose without creating a report. Students read four vignettes alternating perpetrator (professor vs. student) and violence type (penetrative vs. non-penetrative). After each vignette, students indicated their likelihood of reporting if they were the student in the vignette with and without the presence of alcohol. Results Student answers were dichotomized to “would” versus “would not” report and binomial logistic regressions analyzed differences between conditions and vignettes with and without alcohol. Significant differences arose across vignettes, conditions, and alcohol consumption. Conclusions Overall, students who said they would report the SV vignette without alcohol were roughly 4 times more likely to report it with alcohol (p <0.001). Students were significantly more likely to say they would report a professor perpetrating a penetrative assault (PR) over any other vignette; however, perhaps most importantly, students in the MR condition were significantly less likely to do so than students in the CR group (p= 0.032). Students in the MR group were also significantly less likely to report than CR students when alcohol was present (p= 0.004). Despite being most similar to stereotypical SV (e.g., power differential, penetration), students in the MR group reported it significantly less than CR students. As this type of SV is historically most commonly reported, this could have important implications for real-world reporting patterns. MR policy could significantly decrease reporting overall. Disclosure No.

Automatic determination of semantic similarity of student answers with the standard one using modern models

Automatic determination of semantic similarity of student answers with the standard one using modern models

Non-Native English-Speaking Tutor: The Students’ Perception at English Education Center In Banyuwangi

This research was examined to gain student’s perception of non-native English-Speaking Tutor: at English education centre in Banyuwangi. There were 28 students of Desy Education Banyuwangi as the participant of this research. The research instruments applied were questionnaire and interview. The data analyzed by using qualitative data analysis techniques such as flow model and tabulating data. Based on the whole instruments and techniques applied, the researcher found out 24 points which written clearly in the table as the final result of questionnaire. In addition, interview was used to support the answers of students’ questionnaire. The result shown that half of students (68%) stated that the skills and the success of non-native English-speaking tutors inspired them to achieve the same or even better competence than NNEST. Furthermore, the students' positive perceptions were also strengthened by the results of interviews which indicated that students gave positive perceptions which explained that if they were highly motivated and confident, they could achieve success in speaking like NNEST. So, it can be conclude that most of the students had the positive perception of Non-native English Speaking Tutor: at English Education Centre in Banyuwangi.

Identification of Junior High School Students' Conceptual Understanding of Heat and Its Transfer Using CRI (Certainty of Response Index) Diagnostic Essay Tests

Heat and its transfer is one of the physics materials that is useful in everyday life. Therefore, understanding the concept of heat and its transfer is very important for students. Concept understanding is categorized into certain criteria, namely understanding the concept, not understanding the concept and misconceptions. The aim of this research is to identify SMP/MTs students' understanding of the concept of heat and its transfer. The research subjects used were 19 students of MTs Hidayatus Salam Gresik class VIII-B. The research instrument used was an essay diagnostic test assisted by CRI (Certainty of Response Index). The results of the combination of student answers and the selected CRI scale showed that 47.32% of students understood the concept, 40.34% did not understand the concept, and 12.34% had misconceptions. Students' lack of conceptual understanding is more influenced by not understanding the concept than by misconceptions which is indicated by the average percentage value. In this case, misconceptions are not the main problem in the learning difficulties experienced by students regarding heat and transfer material.

Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Quizizz Dalam Sistem Informasi Asesmen Sumatif Di SMPN 1 Amali Kabupaten Bone

The purpose of the mini research is to find out the utilization of the quiz application in managing the summative assessment information system, researchers use qualitative methodology by observing and describing the object under study in the field specifically and in detail. Data collection researchers use observation, interview, and documentation methods. Important findings from the research show that the quizizz application is an application that makes it easy for educators to check student performance results, facilitate archiving of lesson questions and student work effectively, quickly and the results are accurate. The quizizz application is still detected using a new application, so teachers are required to adjust to new features and improve their abilities. Meanwhile, the implementation of summative assessments manually is not very effective because some students are less careful in working on the questions given due to the monotonous appearance of the questions and paper, as well as the process of educators checking student answer sheets which takes a long time to check one by one so that the process of inputting their scores can be hampered. In conclusion, the utilization of the quiz application is in accordance with applicable regulations and the implementation of summative assessment needs to be improved with interesting implementation methods and media,

Penerapan Algoritma K-Means Untuk Clustering Penilaian Layanan Berdasarkan Indeks Kepuasan Mahasiswa Universitas Nurul Jadid

Student Satisfaction Index has a very important role in the university environment as it is closely related to the accreditation assessment process. In this context, Nurul Jadid University faces shortcomings in calculating student satisfaction, which has the potential to disrupt the efficiency of time use and have an overall negative impact. As a solution, this research aims to cluster student answers using the K-Means algorithm implemented through the Streamlit web platform with the Python programming language. The results showed that this approach was able to produce excellent clustering, with an accuracy rate of 97%. The main objective of this research is to improve efficiency in the process of measuring student satisfaction levels, with the hope of making a significant contribution to improving the quality of university services and the process of evaluating university accreditation more efficiently. As such, this research has important implications in improving the overall performance of the university in the face of challenges.

Pursuing student response through incomplete syntax, prosody, bodily- and visuo-orthographical resources in Chinese-as-a-second-language classrooms

ABSTRACT This study investigates how teachers use designedly incomplete utterances (DIUs) and other multimodal resources to pursue student responses to their questions to accomplish particular pedagogical tasks in Chinese as a second language (CSL) classrooms. Adopting interactional linguistics and conversation analysis, we examined 18.5 hours of CSL classroom interactions. We identified two different types of DIUs based on their syntactic projectability: DIU with a local projection and DIU with a global projection. Both types of DIUs are used after a lack of student answers to teachers’ prior questions. However, DIUs with a local projection are used after teachers’ identification or characterisation questions, whereas DIUs with a global projection are used to pursue student answers to teachers’ telling questions. These two types of DIUs are produced with the prosodic feature of final lengthening, bodily movements such as torso lean and eyebrow raise, and visuo-orthographical resources such as Chinese characters on blackboards and screens. The findings contribute to our understanding of the multimodal resources that teachers use to pursue responses in L2 classrooms.

PLURALITAS BUDAYA BERAGAMA MAHASISWA; PENDEKATAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

Pluralism is both a hope and a challenge for some groups, especially in terms of detailed differences. While religious differences have become a long topic of discussion resulting in a formulation of harmony between religious communities, what is more detailed is the differences in religious culture within Muslims. This research describes the religious cultural model of students at STAI Muhammadiyah Probolinggo based on the Muhammadiyah and NU religious groups. The object of this research is students at the Probolinggo Muhammadiyah college whose student population is dominated by representation of two large community organization groups in Indonesia, namely Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama'. Data was obtained from direct observations and student answers in the mid-semester exam for the multicultural PAI course regarding students' attitudes towards viewing differences in other religious cultures. The results of the analysis found that students who have different religious cultures from other groups have a tolerant attitude but still have an ethnocentric attitude. So, through the multicultural Islamic Religious Education curriculum, it is necessary to thoroughly instill the ideology of multiculturalism and pluralism in students as a form of higher education's efforts to direct students to become agents of change in a peaceful and humanist civilization.

Radiological safety perspectives among undergraduate dental students, interns, and dental assistant certificate students at Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT Background: Dental imaging accounts for <1% of human exposure to ionizing radiation from of all types of medical imaging. Radiation-induced damage to cells has deterministic and stochastic consequences. The international commision for radiological protection recommends that any radiographic examination must be justified. However, studies measuring dental assistant (DA) knowledge and attitude towards radiation protection measures are lacking. Aim: Our study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes toward radiation protection measures among clinical dental students, interns, and DA certificate students. Settings and Design: The study was a cross-sectional observational analytical online questionnaire-based study. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire distributed over undergraduate students, DA certificate students, and dental interns. Statistical Analysis: Stata/BE 18.0 for Mac was used, Chi-square tests with a P < 0.05 indicating a significant difference in knowledge between groups. Results: A questionnaire was distributed to 203 of the participants. The average overall correct responses 46.14%. However, the DA student average correct answers were 38.71%. Conclusion: Students must improve their knowledge about radiation protective measures through educational sessions or pamphlets, particularly the DA. Radiology lectures should cover new safety precautions such as as low as diagnostically acceptable, shielding, and radiation to pregnant mothers, while incorporating national guidelines and recommendations.

PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING DENGAN ALAT PERAGA TIMBANGAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENYELESAIAN MATEMATIKA

The aim of this research is to describe the application of the discovery learning learning model with scales to improve PLSV Completion Ability. There has not been much research on discovery learning using scales as a tool. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. The research subjects were 22 students in class VII A of SMPN 3 Tirtoyudo Satu Roof. Data collection techniques are carried out by observing during the learning process, student answers and student learning outcomes. The research results show that students' ability to complete PLSV increases, student learning outcomes also increase, and the learning process is more meaningful. Students whose ability to solve PLSV questions had increased and developed reached 14.8%, namely 4 students, students who developed according to expectations reached 37.1%, namely 10 students, students who were starting to develop reached 29.6%, namely 8 students. students and 5 students have not developed their ability to solve PLSV questions.

SIXTH GRADE STUDENTS' MISCONCEPTIONS ON DECIMAL NUMBERS THROUGH ROUTINE EXERCISE QUESTIONS

Mathematics is an important subject in elementary school because it is the basis for understanding more complex mathematical concepts in the future. One of them is that students need to study number material in basic mathematical concepts because it is very important to master and understand, for example it can be used in commerce, measurement and technology. However, in the field, elementary school students are still found to have misconceptions about understanding the concept of comparing, ordering or calculating decimal numbers. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The subjects of this research were 4 class VI students at an elementary school in Banyuresmi sub-district, Garut. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and providing routine practice question sheets. The findings in this research are, 1) Some students have difficulty understanding decimal numbers and ordering them as well as performing addition calculation operations, 2) Some students consider decimal numbers with more digits after the comma as larger numbers, 3) There are also students who make mistakes. Storing numbers after commas can cause errors in calculations. So the alternative solution that can be given is that teachers can identify the source of student misconceptions by providing diagnostic tests, using more interactive learning methods, providing case examples from everyday life, providing more and varied exercises, providing continuous feedback. and be constructive towards student answers, and facilitate discussions that focus on problem solving. This will help students understand the concept of decimal numbers more effectively and efficiently.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN KONSEP BERDASARKAN GAYA BELAJAR PADA MATERI OPERASI BENTUK ALJABAR

This research was motivated by conceptual errors based on the learning styles of class VII students at SMP Negeri 3 Huruna when completing algebraic operations. This research aims to describe students' conceptual errors based on learning styles in solving algebraic operations problems. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The informants in this research were 25 class VII students of SMP Negeri 3 Huruna. Data were analyzed using data reduction steps, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data collection techniques used were questionnaires, tests and interviews. The results of this research from all student answers show that students made 31.6% reading errors, 32% understanding errors, 25.6% transformation errors, 4.8% processing errors and 6% errors in writing the final answer. So it can be concluded that class VII students at SMP Negeri 3 Huruna experienced errors in understanding based on the visual learning style. Through this research, researchers suggest that teachers create a more enjoyable atmosphere for mathematics learning and provide students with the habit of solving mathematical problems using good and correct solution steps.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA SMK NEGERI 1 PRABUMULIH PADA MATERI BARISAN ARITMETIKA

This research aims to describe the results of the analysis of the mathematical communication skills of class This research method is descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this research were class X AKL 1 students consisting of 30 students consisting of 28 female students and 2 male students. The instrument in this research was to use a test instrument for mathematical communication skills in the form of 3 questions. The results of this research indicate that students' ability to complete mathematical communication skills is still lacking or low. This can be seen from the results of the recapitulation of the overall answers of students who answered correctly as much as 34.4%, answered incorrectly as much as 41.11%, and did not answer as much as 24.4%. Apart from that, it can be seen from the results of the student score conversion that students' mathematical communication skills are in the very low category, namely students who get a score of less than 61%.

Analysis of Student Communication in the Discovery Learning Model Using Transcript-based Lesson Analysis

This study aimed to analyze student and teacher communication in discovery learning through transcript-based lesson analysis (TBLA). The research was conducted in one of the junior high schools in Garut Regency on science subjects. The learning material studied in this research was about Coulomb’s Law. The learning video was taken from one of the open class activities from a series of lesson study activities. As many as 16 students of grade 9 were included in the study. Through descriptive research methods, researchers revealed learning trajectories and student communication methods while learning through the transcripts made. Learning activities are divided into three main parts, namely introduction, core activities, and closing. There are five stages in the core activity, namely literacy activities, critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. The results of the analysis show that in the preliminary activity, communication is dominated by the teacher. The dialogue that appears is just a minimalistic dialogue. In core activities, student communication had started to dominate, especially at the collaboration and communication stages. The use of interactive simulation media at the collaboration stage improved the communication between students. The creativity stage was mostly dominated by the teacher, until the closing activity, and less by student communication. The lag time between teacher questions and student answers is the key to student responses. When the pause is given too quickly, there was no communication from students at almost all stages. Keywords: student communication, discovery learning, transcript-based lesson

Review Of Trending Systems for Automatic Assessment And Scoring Of Student Answers

Review Of Trending Systems for Automatic Assessment And Scoring Of Student Answers

ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA KELAS VI SD 3 JEKULO DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATERI PECAHAN

Mathematics word problems written are often considered difficult by students, so there are often many mistakes made by students in solving mathematics story problems. The aim of this research is to analyze the errors made by students in solving word problems on fractions by analyzing the result of students answer. This research inludes qualitative research with the type of case study and was carried out at SD 3 Jekulo. The informants in this research were seven grade at SD 3 Jekulo. The result research of this research were that the students who were used as informants experienced errors in solving story problems on fractions. Mistakes made by students include reading errors, errors in understanding the problems, transformation errors, and errors in writing the final answer. The conclusion of this research is that the seven sixth grade students were proven to have experienced errors in solving fractions questions.

Kategori Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Bunga Tunggal dan Majemuk

The research was conducted to categorize and describe the creative thinking ability of students of SMK Ma'wattaibin Banjarejo Pagelaran in solving mathematical problems on single flower and compound flower materials. The research involved 13 students of grade X with different abilities in the even semester because according to the material, single flower and compound flower were taught. The research method used was qualitative-descriptive. Written tests and interviews were used for data collection. Students were given a written test with 2 questions containing indicators of creative thinking skills. The results of the students' answers were analyzed based on indicators of creative thinking ability and then categorized based on the level of creative thinking ability (TKBK). The indicators of creative thinking ability used are fluency, flexibility and novelty. There are five levels of TKBK, including TKBK level 0 (not creative), level 1 (less creative), level 2 (moderately creative), level 3 (creative) and level 4 (very creative). Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation and inference. Triangulation techniques were also used in this study. The results showed that there were 38% students in the uncreative category, 47% students in the less creative category, 15% students in the moderately creative category and no students in the creative and highly creative categories. Students at the uncreative level cannot fulfill any of the indicators of creative thinking ability. Students in the less creative level can only fulfill the fluency indicator according to their abilities. Students at the moderately creative level can only fulfill the flexibility indicator according to their abilities. Teachers need to train different mathematical problems that have different answers for students. This research is limited to categorizing and describing students' creative thinking skills, as further research can be carried out in relation to strategies to improve students' mathematical creative thinking skills.

Automatic Short Answer Grading for Finnish with ChatGPT

Automatic short answer grading (ASAG) seeks to mitigate the burden on teachers by leveraging computational methods to evaluate student-constructed text responses. Large language models (LLMs) have recently gained prominence across diverse applications, with educational contexts being no exception. The sudden rise of ChatGPT has raised expectations that LLMs can handle numerous tasks, including ASAG. This paper aims to shed some light on this expectation by evaluating two LLM-based chatbots, namely ChatGPT built on GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, on scoring short-question answers under zero-shot and one-shot settings. Our data consists of 2000 student answers in Finnish from ten undergraduate courses. Multiple perspectives are taken into account during this assessment, encompassing those of grading system developers, teachers, and students. On our dataset, GPT-4 achieves a good QWK score (0.6+) in 44% of one-shot settings, clearly outperforming GPT-3.5 at 21%. We observe a negative association between student answer length and model performance, as well as a correlation between a smaller standard deviation among a set of predictions and lower performance. We conclude that while GPT-4 exhibits signs of being a capable grader, additional research is essential before considering its deployment as a reliable autograder.

Enhancing Student Performance Prediction on Learnersourced Questions with SGNN-LLM Synergy

Learnersourcing offers great potential for scalable education through student content creation. However, predicting student performance on learnersourced questions, which is essential for personalizing the learning experience, is challenging due to the inherent noise in student-generated data. Moreover, while conventional graph-based methods can capture the complex network of student and question interactions, they often fall short under cold start conditions where limited student engagement with questions yields sparse data. To address both challenges, we introduce an innovative strategy that synergizes the potential of integrating Signed Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) and Large Language Model (LLM) embeddings. Our methodology employs a signed bipartite graph to comprehensively model student answers, complemented by a contrastive learning framework that enhances noise resilience. Furthermore, LLM's contribution lies in generating foundational question embeddings, proving especially advantageous in addressing cold start scenarios characterized by limited graph data. Validation across five real-world datasets sourced from the PeerWise platform underscores our approach's effectiveness. Our method outperforms baselines, showcasing enhanced predictive accuracy and robustness.

Student Motivations for Choosing the Re-Engineered First-Year Program at the University of Saskatchewan

As part of program evaluation and continuous improvement, the University of Saskatchewan deployed a survey across the common Re-Engineered First-Year (REFY) program in September 2022. Student answers to open-ended questions about their motivation to choose the REFY program were analyzed qualitatively using expectancy-value theory. This framework establishes four subjective task values that motivate behaviour (intrinsic, attainment, utility, and cost). Statistical analysis using logistic regression was then used to examine correlations between these motivators and student demographics. Results indicate costs specifically related to lack of final exams (24%) and costs unrelated to final exams (26%) were the most common motivators for choosing the REFY program, followed by intrinsic (17%) and utility (16%), with attainment (4%) being the lowest. The program features that students found most influential in their decision to join the REFY program included the opportunity to learn about different engineering disciplines, a lack of final exams, and competency-based assessment. Students also valued the program being designed to support them and to help them succeed; this program aspect is important to maintain because it strengthens motivation.