Coumarin Structure Research Articles

Synthesis, antibacterial evaluation and in silico studies of novel 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-N-arylacetamides and their derivatives as potential DHFR inhibitors

Novel N-arylacetamides 2a–f were synthesized based on benzo[d]thiazole scaffold. The compounds 2a–c underwent Knoevenagel condensation through green synthetic method with different aromatic aldehydes and pyrazole-7-carbaldehydes delivered the respective arylidenes with efficient yields. Arylidenes 4 reacted with malononitrile affording the corresponding N-arylpyridones 11a–i. Moreover, the reaction of 2a–c with each of salicylaldehyde and 5-arylazo salicylaldehydes afforded the unexpected coumarins rather than quinolin-5-ones. The structure of coumarin 8 was confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations using basis set B3LYP/6-311 G + + (d,p) to obtain the suitable geometrical structure with molecular orbitals` energies revealing its planar structure and its agreement with experimental data. Besides, the antibacterial activity was tested against different bacterial strains revealing potent activity especially Gram-negative bacteria with excellent minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/L. Additionally, compounds 2c and 4m showed enzyme inhibition against dihydrofolate reductase in Escherichia coli with greater potency (IC50 for 2c = 3.796 µM, IC50 for 4m = 2.442 µM) than the standard antibiotic trimethoprim (IC50 = 8.706 µM). Investigation of the physicochemical properties of the newly compounds exhibited their better ADME properties that can be developed for the discovery of new antibacterial agents.Graphical

Coumarins: Chemical Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Coumarins are compounds characterized by a benzopyrone structure resulting from the condensation of pyrone and a benzene ring. They are commonly found as secondary metabolites in various plants, microorganisms, and sponges. These metabolites play a crucial role in defence mechanisms, and extensive research has revealed numerous biological activities associated with these compounds. Coumarin and its derivatives show significant potential as candidates for new drugs due to their exceptional biocompatibility and a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antimitotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant properties. Beyond medicinal applications, the simple and versatile scaffold structures of coumarins have found use in fields such as food production, agriculture, cosmetics, and textiles. This review covers the classification of coumarin and its derivatives, as well as various chemical synthesis methods. Furthermore, it delves into the properties, biological activities, and diverse application areas of coumarins.

NIGELLA SATIVA L.: AN OVERVIEW

Objective: Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) is an annual herbaceous plant indigenous to the Mediterranean region and Western Asia globally. It is cultivated in Türkiye, especially in Isparta, Burdur and Afyonkarahisar. While its seeds are known for their characteristic black color in many languages, in Türkiye, it is recognized as "çörek otu". Traditionally, its seeds have been utilized for addressing rheumatism, bronchitis, colds, asthma and inflammatory conditions, as well as to enhance milk production in lactating mothers, aid digestion, and combat parasitic infections. Meanwhile, its oil is applied to address skin issues like boils and eczema. Additionally, because of its pungent bitter flavor and fragrance, it serves as a seasoning in Middle Eastern and Indian cuisines. The purpose of this review is to undertake a thorough analysis of the literature concerning the scientific classification and morphology, traditional uses pharmacological effects and phytochemistry of the plant. Result and Discussion: Nigella seeds contain abundant carbohydrates, proteins, fat, essential amino acids, diverse minerals and vitamins. The seeds contain 30-40% fixed oil, with 50-60% of the fixed oil consisting of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The seeds furthermore contain 0.4-0.45% essential oil. The primary constituents of the essential oil include thymoquinone, carvacrol, p-cymene, thymol, t-anethole, α-terpinene and pinene. Additionally, the seeds comprise alkaloids like nigellimine, nigellicine, nigellamine, and nigellidine; saponins such as hederin and hederagenin; and compounds carrying various coumarin structures. The aerial parts are rich in flavonoid compounds such as nigelflavonoside B, nigelloside, quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihistaminic, anti-aging, antihypertensive, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, antihelminthic, antineoplastic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, and wound healing activities of Nigella sativa have been identified through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. In conclusion, Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) is a valuable medicinal plant with versatile health benefits. Further exploration of its therapeutic applications holds great promise for the development of new pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals to combat various ailments and improve human health.

A Novel Series of Coumarin Derivatives That Exert Osteoblastogenic Effects in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Osteogenic Effects in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Osteoporosis is treated with oral and parenteral resorption inhibitors and parenteral osteogenic drugs. However, orally active small-molecule osteogenic drugs are not clinically available. Natural coumarin derivatives, such as osthole, exert osteoblastogenic effects. In the present study, novel 4,6-substituted coumarin derivatives were synthesized, and their osteoblastogenic effects were assessed in a bone mesenchymal stem cell line (ST2 cell), and structure-activity relationships were discussed. Among the derivatives tested, the osteoblastogenic effects of 2-oxo-4-[4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yloxymethyl)phenyl]-2H-chromene-6-carboxamide (11m) and 2-oxo-4-[4-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylmethoxy)phenyl]-2H-chromene-6-carboxamide (29v) were potent: EC200 for increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were 34 and 24 nM, respectively. The maximal plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 11m and 29v (10 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)) in female rats were 3637 and 975 nM, respectively, resulting in high Cmax/EC200 ratios of 105.9 and 40.8, respectively, indicating possible osteoblastogenic effects in vivo. Compound 11m (10 mg/kg, p.o., 8 weeks) was previously reported to increase plasma bone-type ALP activity as well as femoral metaphyseal and diaphyseal cortical bone volumes and mineral contents in micro-computed tomography analyses of ovariectomized female rats (OVX rats). Compound 29v at the same dose also exerted osteoblastogenic and osteogenic effects in OVX rats; however, these effects were weaker than those of 11m. Furthermore, 11m and 29v inhibited cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) activity, suggesting that their osteoblastogenic effects involved the suppression of CDK8. In conclusion, a synthetic 4,6-substituted coumarin structure is a useful scaffold for osteoblastogenic and osteogenic compounds via the inhibition of CDK8, and 11m and 29v have potential as anti-osteoporotic drugs that exert osteogenic effects on cortical bone.

Discovery of Novel Coumarin Pleuromutilin Derivatives as Potent Anti-MRSA Agents.

Treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection remains one of the most difficult challenges in clinical practice, primarily due to the resistance of MRSA to multiple antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antibiotics with high efficacy and low cross-resistance rates. In this study, a series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with coumarin structures were synthesized and subsequently assessed for their biological activities. Most of these derivatives showed potent antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial strains. Compound 14b displayed particularly rapid bactericidal effects, slow resistance development, and low cytotoxicity. Moreover, it decreased bacterial loads in the lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and heart and exhibited better antibacterial efficacy (ED50 = 11.16 mg/kg) than tiamulin (ED50 = 28.93 mg/kg) in a mouse model of systemic MRSA infection. Both in vitro and in vivo analyses suggest that compound 14b is a promising agent for the treatment of MRSA infections.

Coumarin Derivatives: Pioneering New Frontiers in Biological Applications

Abstract: Coumarins are a vital class of compounds recognized for their significant therapeutic potential, both in their natural forms and as synthetic derivatives. Characterized by a benzene ring fused to an α-pyranose ring, coumarins have garnered considerable attention from the scientific community due to their diverse pharmacological activities. This review article highlights the importance of coumarin hybrids, showcasing their enhanced biological properties and reactivity compared to traditional coumarin structures. We explore the pharmacological profiles of various coumarin derivatives, including their anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-tuberculosis activities, among others. The review examines how the incorporation of different functional groups on the coumarin scaffold can modulate its effectiveness against various diseases, particularly cancer. Furthermore, we discuss promising results from coumarin-based hybrids, such as coumarinpyridine, coumarin-uracil, and coumarin-quinoline derivatives, demonstrating their efficacy against a range of pathogens. This comprehensive overview serves as a valuable resource for researchers interested in the potential of coumarin derivatives in therapeutic applications.

Computational assessment of the radical scavenging activity of cleomiscosin.

Coumarinolignans such as cleomiscosin A (CMA), cleomiscosin B (CMB), and cleomiscosin C (CMC) are secondary metabolites that were isolated from diverse plant species. Cleomiscosins (CMs) have numerous interesting biological activities, including noteworthy cytotoxicity of cancer cell lines along with hepatoprotective and assumed antioxidant activities. In this present study, the antioxidant properties of three cleomiscosins were investigated with a focus on the structure-activity relationship using thermodynamic and kinetic calculations with the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) method. The results show that CMs, including CMA, CMB, and CMC, are weak antioxidants in apolar environments, with k overall of 7.52 × 102 to 6.28 × 104 M-1 s-1 for the HOO˙ radical scavenging reaction in the gas phase and 3.47 × 102 to 6.44 × 104 M-1 s-1 in pentyl ethanoate. Remarkably, the difference in the fusion of phenylpropanoid structure with coumarin via two ortho-hydroxyl groups (CMA and CMB) does not cause any noticeable effect on their antioxidant activity, while the presence of a methoxy substitute on the aromatic ring of phenylpropanoid units (CMC) increases the reaction rate to about 61 to 84 times faster than that of CMA. In contrast, the studied CMs exhibit a good antioxidant capacity in polar environments, with a k overall range from 4.03 × 107 to 8.66 × 107 M-1 s-1, 102-103 times faster than that of Trolox, equal to that of ascorbic acid and resveratrol. The angular fusion of the phenylpropanoid and coumarin structures, as well as the methoxy substitution on the aromatic ring of the phenylpropanoid unit of the studied CMs, do not have any considerable effect on their antioxidant activity under the studied conditions.

Fluorescent zinc acrylate resins containing coumarin structures with enhanced antifouling performance

Fluorescent zinc acrylate resins containing coumarin structures with enhanced antifouling performance

Evaluation of the Anti-diabetic Activity of Purified Compounds of Ferula assafoetida by in vitro and in silico Methods

Objective Postprandial hyperglycemia is considered an early sign of diabetes. Enzyme inhibitors, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors, are currently being studied as potential drugs for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia. Methods In this study, we investigated the effects of four purified 7-hydroxycoumarine derivatives from Ferula assafoetida: umbelliprenin, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol C, and samarcandin. We evaluated cell toxicity using the MTT method and also examined glucose uptake and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in vitro. Additionally, we conducted a molecular docking study to investigate the mechanism of enzyme inhibition. Results The cell toxicity of the terpenoid coumarin derivatives (umbelliprenin, farnesiferol A, farnesiferol C, and samarcandin) on HepG2 cells was found to be approximately 28 to 37 µg/ml. The glucose uptake assay showed that these compounds (at a concentration of 25 µg/ml) were able to increase glucose consumption by HepG2 cells to a level comparable to that of the positive control (metformin at 50 µg/ml). Furthermore, umbelliprenin significantly inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase (by 35.07% and 4.98%, respectively). Molecular docking results indicated that umbelliprenin, with a farnesyl chain, had a more potent inhibitory effect. Conclusion Our findings suggest that umbelliprenin may be a valuable compound for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes. However, further in vivo studies and clinical trials are necessary to validate these effects. While this research offers potential for the development of more effective compounds with coumarin structures, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Karakterisasi Struktur Kumarin pada Akar Tumbuhan Langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr.)

Lansium plants produce not only terpenoids as the main constituent but also contain phenolics on the basis of phytochemical analysis. Unfortunately, there are still limited information about phenolic structures from this plants. This study was conducted to identify one of phenolic structures from chloroform fraction of Lansium domesticum root. The chloroform fraction was fractionated and purified by chromatographic techniques such as vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) and column chromatography (CC) to obtain a coumarin. Additionally, the coumarin structure was characterized by 1H-NMR. The isolated coumarin showed a positive result for the phenolic test with FeCl3 5%. The 1H-NMR spectrum of isolated coumarin revealed chemical shifts at δH 7,60 (1H, d, J = 9,5 Hz), 6,92 (1H, s), 6,84 (1H, s), 6,27 (1H, d, J = 9,5 Hz), 6,14 (1H, s), and 3,95 (3H, s). Based on those results and comparison with literature data, it can be concluded that the isolated coumarin is iso-scopoletin (1)

Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal and Dielectric Properties of Amino Acid-Centered Coumarin and Chalcone Hybrid Structures Via Click Reaction

Bu çalışma, kalkon ve kumarin grupları içeren amino asit konjugatlarının dielektrik özellikleri ve termal kararlılıklarının karşılaştırmalı bir analizini içermektedir. Bu konjugatların elektriksel davranışını incelemek amacıyla dielektrik sabiti, dielektrik kaybı ve AC iletkenliği araştırılırken, termal kararlılıklarını incelemek için termogravimetrik analiz (TGA) kullanılmıştır. Konjugatlar, kalkon veya kumarin yapılarının amino asit omurgalarına klik kimyası ile dahil edilmesiyle sentezlenmiştir. Dielektrik sabiti ölçümleri, kumarin bazlı amino asit konjugatlarının, kumarin sisteminin genişletilmiş π-konjugasyonu ve polarize edilebilirliği nedeniyle kalkon bazlı konjugatlara kıyasla daha yüksek değerler sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Dielektrik kayıp analizi, her iki konjugat türünün de yük transfer süreçleri ve moleküler hareketlerle ilişkili kayıplar sergilediğini göstermiştir. TGA ile termal stabilite değerlendirmesi, kalkon içeren konjugatın daha yüksek bozunma sıcaklıkları ile iyi termal stabilite sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Yüksek sıcaklıklarda gözlenen ağırlık kaybı, organik bileşenlerin termal bozunmasını göstermiştir. Bu etkili sonuçlar, dielektrik sabiti, dielektrik kaybı ve AC iletkenliği dahil olmak üzere dielektrik özelliklerin yanı sıra kalkon veya kumarin içeren amino asit konjugatlarının termal kararlılığı hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Bulgular, elektronik cihazlar ve fonksiyonel malzemelerdeki potansiyel uygulamalar için önemli olan elektriksel davranışlarının ve termal özelliklerinin anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır..

Annulated Heterocyclic[g]Coumarin Composites: Synthetic Approaches and Bioactive Profiling.

Coumarins, widely abundant natural heterocyclic compounds, are extensively employed in creating various biologically and pharmacologically potent substances. The hybridization of heterocycles presents a key opportunity to craft innovative multicyclic compounds with enhanced biological activity. Fusing different heterocyclic rings with the coumarin structure presents an intriguing method for crafting fresh hybrid compounds possessing remarkable biological effects. In the pursuit of creating heterocyclic-fused coumarins, a wide range of annulated heterocyclic[g]coumarin composites has been introduced, displaying impressive biological potency. The influence of the linear attachment of heterocyclic rings to the coumarin structure on the biological performance of the resulting compounds has been investigated. This review centers on the synthetic methodologies, structural activity relationship investigation, and biological potentials of annulated heterocyclic[g]coumarin composites. We conducted searches across several databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. After sieving, we ultimately identified and included 71 pertinent studies published between 2000 and the middle of 2023. This will provide valuable perspectives for medicinal chemists in the prospective design and synthesis of lead compounds with significant therapeutic effects, centered around heterocycle-fused coumarin frameworks.

Design, Synthesis and Anticholinesterase Activity of Coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine Derivatives

AbstractA series of coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The structures of those compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, HRMS, HPLC, and X‐ray. The structures of those coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine derivatives are the mixtures of two geometric isomers. The 1H‐NMR of compound 3 g without coumarin structure and its hydrochloride and single crystal structure of compound 3 g were studied to prove the coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine derivatives are the mixtures of two geometric isomers. The acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds were determinated by Ellman's method. The results showed that all the compounds could inhibit acetylcholinesterase selectively. Among them, compound 3 b was found to have the strongest inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase with an IC50 value of 0.018 μM, which was closest to the IC50 of the positive control donepezil (IC50=0.016 μM). Enzyme kinetic studies indicate that this compound inhibited acetylcholinesterase with a mixed mode. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation study and binding free energy calculation experiments demonstrated that compound 3 b could stably interact with key amino acids in the catalytically active site and the peripheral anion site of acetylcholinesterase. According to the results, compound 3 b demonstrates promising potential as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Функціоналізація похідних кумарину на основі 3-(5-гідроксибензофуран-3-карбоніл)-2Н-хромен-2-ону

Coumarins (benzopyran-2-ones) and benzofurans belong to an important class of natural compounds and have long attracted significant scientific attention due to their diverse biological properties and high synthetic potential for structural modification. Introducing functional groups and pharmacophoric substituents into the structure of coumarins with a benzofuran fragment is a relevant and practically oriented task. The aim of the presented study was to explore the possibilities of structural modification of 3-(5-hydroxybenzofuran-3-carbonyl)-2H-chromen-2-one and to introduce additional functional groups into its structure, such as amino groups, hydroxyl groups, amidoxime fragments, and oxadiazole rings – key moieties for the creation of new pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials. The objects of study include alkylation, amidation, heterocyclization, and epoxide ring-opening as approaches to create structurally diverse derivatives based on 3-(5-hydroxybenzofuran-3-carbonyl)coumarin, along with the spectral characteristics of the synthesized compounds

Theoretical studies of electronic and optical characteristics in donor-π-Acceptor (D-π-A) dyes: DFT and TD-DFT methods

Abstract This research focused on enhancing D-π-A organic dyes derived from coumarin and its derivatives, collectively referred to as D-CM-A dyes. The study aimed to improve these dyes by introducing various donors and acceptors to the coumarin structure. Six new coumarin dyes were evaluated, primarily for their potential application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) to enhance energy efficiency. The analysis involved calculating the geometry, electronic properties, and optoelectronic characteristics of the dye molecules using DFT and TD-DFT methods with the B3LYP functional and the 6-311G basis set in both gas and solvent phases. The primary focus was to understand how modifications to the π-conjugated D-π-A organic dyes influenced their optoelectronic properties, including key factors such as maximum absorption wavelength (λmax), highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO), and energy gap (Egap). Additionally, the study explored the photovoltaic properties of these dyes. The findings highlighted D4-CM-A4 as a promising candidate with the narrowest energy gap, while D1-CM-A1 and D2-CM-A2 showed superior light-harvesting efficiencies (LHE) compared to other derivatives. In conclusion, this study suggests that D1-CM-A1 and D2-CM-A2 are favourable choices for enhancing the performance of DSSCs due to their promising optoelectronic properties.

Highly sensitive fluorescent triarylimidazole derivatives for sensing of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in aqueous solution and its application for actual environment detection

Two highly sensitive fluorescent triarylimidazole derivatives were synthesized by modifying imidazole with coumarin and large conjugate rigid plane structure. XM-F and XM-L emitted bright yellow-green fluorescent light. Their intense conjugation system generated strong π-π electrostatic interactions with TNP, accompanied by the formation of hydrogen bonds to achieve rapid detection of TNP within 25 s. The detection limits were as low as 0.049 μM and 0.071 μM, respectively. Probes had been successfully applied to rapid detection of TNP in real water samples and manufactured into portable fluorescent test strips. In view of excellent performance of XM-F, it was used to achieve real-time, portable, on-site quantitative detection of TNP by a colorimeter and a smartphone platform. In addition, XM-F also successfully processed into probe-coated TLC plates for efficient detection of fingerprints contaminated with TNP.

Anti-Alzheimer potential of coumarin derivatives: A review

Alzheimer’s is a type of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) found in old age people which main causes the dementia and various brain disorders. FDA approved drugs used commonly in treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease are Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine and Memantine. However, these approved drugs provide only palliative support not complete cure. So, urgency of new molecules has been becoming so important to cure this complex Disease. Coumarin or 2-H-Chromen-2-one is an oxygenated heterocyclic compound, which is isolated from plants named Dipteryx odorata Willd, (Fabaceae). Synthetic coumarin derivatives has been well presence in literature due to existence of their potential pharmacological activities in literature. This review covers the anti-Alzheimer activities of chemically synthesized coumarin derivatives from 2016-2023. Coumarin derivatives profound found exhibits potential anti-Alzheimer activities in literature. Coumarin derivatives showed their anti-Alzheimer potential through various pharmacological pathways such as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) & Butyl cholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activity, Aβ amyloid inhibition, Beta secretase 1 (BACE1 inhibitors). Multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) approach also extensively reported to design and synthesis of novel coumarin scaffold as potential multifunctional Anti-Alzheimer activities in last one decade. We also covered literature of some coumarin hybrids derivatives as potential Anti-Alzheimer activities. Some common synthetic methods of coumarin structure also covered in this review article. This review supported that coumarin derivatives found excellent anti-Alzheimer activities and it can be play major role to solve the problem of complex AD disease.

Effect of the mixture composition of BmimBF4/PC on the solvation structure of C153 in as seen from molecular dynamics study

Effect of the mixture composition of BmimBF4/PC on the solvation structure of C153 in as seen from molecular dynamics study

In-vitro anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, anti-tyrosinase, antioxidant activities of selected coumarin and dihydroisocoumarin derivatives

Benzo-α-pyrone structured coumarin derivatives are secondary metabolites first obtained from Coumarouna odorata in 1822. Coumarin and its structural isomer dihydroisocoumarin derivatives are found in many different sources in nature. Several different bioactivities of these compounds have been reported. In this study, preliminary activity screening and comparison of four purchased coumarin derivatives (esculetin, esculin monohydrate, umbelliferon, scoparone) and four previously isolated 3-phenyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin derivatives (thunberginol C, scorzocreticoside I, scorzocreticoside II, scorzopygmaecoside) from a medicinal plant were carried out by in-vitro methods. α-Glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitor activities and antioxidant potentials of the compounds were evaluated. Consequently, thunberginol C (free – not glycosylated form of 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structure) showed better potential in all enzyme inhibitory activities compared to coumarin structure. Particularly, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of this compound with a very low IC50 value (94.76±2.98 µM) compared to standard acarbose (1036.2±2.70 µM) should be noted. Glycosylation and/or methoxy substitution of 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structure resulted a significant decrease in all tested enzyme inhibitory activities. The structures of esculin MH, umbelliferone, scoparone, scorzocreticoside I, and scorzopygmaeceoside might be considered in further synthetic studies as selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Thunberginol C has a promising potential in tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Esculetin and thunberginol C showed the best results with high potentials in antioxidant activity via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate free radical scavenging, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid cation radical decolorization, and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity assays compared to the standards.

Searching for relationships between the structure of selected simple coumarins, their antioxidant capacity and anticancer properties

Searching for relationships between the structure of selected simple coumarins, their antioxidant capacity and anticancer properties