Types Of Structures Research Articles

Rapid Mining of Fast Ion Conductors via Subgraph Isomorphism Matching.

The rapidly evolving field of inorganic solid-state electrolytes (ISSEs) has been driven in recent years by advances in data-mining techniques, which facilitates the high-throughput computational screening for candidate materials in the databases. The key to the mining process is the selection of critical features that underline the similarity of a material to an existing ISSE. Unfortunately, this selection is generally subjective and frequently under debate. Here we propose a subgraph isomorphism matching method that allows an objective evaluation of the similarity between two compounds according to the topology of the local atomic environment. The matching algorithm has been applied to discover four structure types that are highly analogous to the LiTi2(PO4)3 NASICON prototype. We demonstrate that the local atomic environments similar to LiTi2(PO4)3 endow these four structures with favorable Li diffusion tunnels and ionic conductivity on par with those of the prototype. By further taking into account the electronic structure and electrochemical stability window, 13 compounds are identified to be potential ISSEs. Our findings not only offer a promising approach toward rapid mining of fast ion conductors without limitation in the compositional range but also reveal insights into the design of ISSEs according to the topology of their framework structures.

Accuracy compensation method with the combined dissimilar measurement devices for enhanced measurement quality: a digital aircraft assembly technology

Purpose The pivotal aspect of aircraft assembly lies in precise measurement accuracy. While a solitary digital measuring tool suffices for analytical and small surfaces, it falls short for extensive synthetic surfaces like aircraft fuselage panels and wing spars. The purpose of this study is to develop a “combined measurement method” (CMM) that enhances measurement quality and expands the evaluative scope, addressing the limitations posed by singular digital devices in meeting measurement requirements across various aircraft components. Design/methodology/approach The study illustrated the utilization of the CMM by combining a laser tracker and a portable arm-measuring machine. This innovative approach is tailored to address the intricate nature and substantial dimensions of aircraft fuselage panels. The portable arm-measuring machine performs precise scans of panel components, while common points recorded by the laser tracker undergo coordinate conversion to reconstruct the fuselage panel’s shape. The research outlines the CMM’s measurement procedure and scrutinizes the data processing technique. Ultimately, the investigation yields a deviation vector matrix and chromatogram deviation distribution, pivotal in achieving enhanced measurement precision for the novel CMM device. Findings The use of CMM noticeably enhances fuselage panel assembly accuracy, concurrently reducing assembly time and enhancing efficiency compared to conventional measurement systems. Practical implications The research’s practical implication lies in revolutionizing aircraft assembly by mitigating accuracy issues through the innovative digital CMM for aircraft synthetic structure type product (aircraft fuselage panel). This ensures safer flights, reduces rework and enhances overall efficiency in the aerospace industry. Originality/value Introducing a new aircraft assembly accuracy compensation method through digital combined measurement, pioneering improved assembly precision. Also, it enhances aerospace assembly quality, safety and efficiency, offering innovative insights for optimized aviation manufacturing processes.

Feeling of Insecurity and Level of Tolerance among University Students

The purpose of the present study was to explore whether there is any relation between insecurity feeling and tolerance level of university students as a function of types of university, study year and family structure. This study was conducted on 240 respondents purposively selected from different areas of the Chittagong district. The Bangla version of Insecurity Questionnaire and Tolerance level scale used indicated that private university students showed more insecurity than public university students (F = 229.06, df = 1, 228, p < .001), First year students had more insecurity than Second-Fourth year and MS students (F = 15.04, df = 2, 228, p < .001). A significant interaction effect was found between types of university and study year (F = 04.04, df = 2, 228, p < .02) and types of university and family structure (F = 8.39, df = 1, 228, p < .01) in insecurity feeling. On the other hand, students in public universities showed more tolerance level than private university students (F = 341.78, df = 1, 228, p < .001), MS students had more tolerance level than First year and Second year to Fourth year students (F = 7.13, df = 2, 228, p <.001). A significant interaction effect was found between types of university and study year (F = 13.08, df = 2, 228, p < .001) in tolerance level. Finally, result also showed significant negative correlation between insecurity and tolerance level (r = -.64, p < .01). The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci., Vol. 10(1&2):15-29, 2020.

Rerefinement of the crystal structure of BiF5

The crystal structure of bismuth pentafluoride, BiF5, was rerefined from single-crystal data. BiF5 crystallizes in the α-UF5 structure type in the form of colorless needles. In comparison with the previously reported crystal-structure model [Hebecker (1971). Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 384, 111–114], the lattice parameters and fractional atomic coordinates were determined to much higher precision and all atoms were refined anisotropically, leading to a significantly improved structure model. The Bi atom (site symmetry 4/m..) is surrounded by six F atoms in a distorted octahedral coordination environment. The [BiF6] octahedra are corner-linked to form infinite straight chains extending parallel to [001]. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the PBE0/TZVP level of theory were performed on the crystal structure of BiF5 to calculate its IR and Raman spectra. These are compared with experimental data.

Hierarchical Composites Patterned via 3D Printed Cellular Fluidics

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of freeform structures containing multiple materials with deterministic spatial arrangement and interactions remains a challenge for most 3D printing processes, due to complex fabrication tool requirements and limitations in printability of some material classes. Here, a versatile method is reported to produce architected composites using the concept of cellular fluidics, in which lattices of unit cells are used as templating scaffolds to guide flowable infill materials in a programmed spatial pattern, upon which they are cured in place to produce a deterministically ordered multimaterial solid. The lattice design relies on the unit cell size, type, strut diameter, surface wetting, and distribution of cellular structures to control liquid flow and retention. Individual unit cells are tuned to achieve reliable infilling and combined into higher‐order architectures to achieve multiscale composite materials with disparate mechanical properties, including those considered non‐printable. Lattice design considerations for leveraging capillary phenomena and demonstrate several methods of patterning polymers in 3D‐printed cellular fluidic structures are presented. The concept of tuning the compressive response of an architected composite using a flexible‐elastomer as the lattice and a stiff‐epoxy as the infill material is illustrated.

Impact of Transition Metal Layer Vacancy on the Structure and Performance of P2 Type Layered Sodium Cathode Material

HighlightsVacancy in the transition metal layer of sodium cathode material induces the formation lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital.Material delivers more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation.Widened dominance of the OP4 phase without releasing O2 gas.

Hydrogen bond network structures of protonated dimethylamine clusters H+(DMA)n (n = 3-7).

Infrared spectroscopy of protonated dimethylamine clusters, H+(DMA)n, (n = 3-7), and their Ar-tagged clusters was performed in the NH and CH stretching vibrational region to explore their hydrogen bond network structures. A stable isomer search and vibrational spectral simulations of the clusters were also carried out to support the interpretations of the observed spectra. Weakly hydrogen-bonded NH stretching vibrational bands, which are characteristic of cyclic structures of small-sized protonated clusters, are observed in the spectra of the Ar-tagged clusters of n ≥ 5, while only linear chain type structures are suggested for the Ar-tagged clusters of n = 3-4 and the bare clusters of all the sizes. These results demonstrate that the size and temperature dependence of the hydrogen bond network structures of the protonated dimethylamine clusters is analogous to that of protonated monohydric alcohol clusters.

Spatial transformation of industrial territories: Experience and prospects of Tyumen

Transformation of the architectural heritage of large cities, which also includes that of industrial areas, can be seen as a development and reconstruction driver of modern urban development. In this work, we aimed to propose methods for spatial transformation of urban industrial or mixed areas in the structure of a large city. A structural assessment of the urban planning practice and experience in the city of Tyumen was conducted to identify architectural and planning approaches to the reconstruction of depressive post-industrial areas. Following an analysis of the existing location and concentration of industrial areas, along with their main parameters, and the experience of experimental design of renovated districts, the Babarinka industrial district in the northern part of the city was selected. This district is characterized by its direct interconnection with the city center, a combined type and small-cell structure of the existing buildings, and its historical interrelation with the open space of the river. Typological and morphological features of the existing industrial areas in the city, interacting with the surrounding urban areas in different ways, were determined based on the theory of mixed urban development. A combined assessment of urban planning data enables the key parameters of urban transformation to be determined and the basic planning structures to be identified. The latter include spatial planning, transportation and pedestrian networks, landscaping, and functional zoning. These planning structures determine the key qualitative parameters of the transformation design concept of industrial areas, thus serving as criteria for evaluating various-scale design solutions.

Metformin-Associated Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Are Reduced by Probiotics: A Meta-Analysis

Metformin, one of the most frequently used oral glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs), is associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events in approximately 20% of users. These unwanted actions result in non-compliance or even discontinuation of metformin therapy. The aim of the presented meta-analysis was to determine whether adding a drug from the group of sulfonylureas, glitazones, DPP-IV inhibitors, or probiotics to metformin monotherapy may affect the risk of GI side effects. The material for this meta-analysis comprised data from 26 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) published in English. This meta-analysis included 41,048 patients. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases were thoroughly searched to find relevant RCTs. The Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Type (PICOT) structure was used to formulate study selection criteria and the research question. Cochrane Review Manager Software 5.4 was used to carry out analysis of collected data. The results were presented as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each group, and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. As expected from clinical practice, metformin was associated with a markedly increased risk of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting compared to placebo. In comparison to other GLDs, taking metformin was related to an elevated risk of diarrhea and abdominal pain and to a lowered risk of vomiting and bloating. In turn, adding other GLDs to metformin treatment was associated with an elevated risk of nausea and vomiting than treatment with metformin in monotherapy. However, adding probiotics to metformin therapy was related to a decreased risk of diarrhea, bloating, and constipation. The obtained results demonstrate that the combination of metformin with other GLDs may elevate the risk of nausea and vomiting, whereas combination with probiotics decreases the risk of diarrhea, bloating, and constipation. Thus, the results of our meta-analysis suggest that probiotics may reduce the risk of some GI side effects in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who started treatment with metformin.

Na6MCl8 rock-salt compounds with M = Mg, Ca, Ba, Zn, Sr as components for solid-state sodium ion batteries.

We investigate a new series of rock-salt type structures, Na6MCl8 with M = Mg, Ca, Ba, Zn and Sr using advanced atomistic simulations. Calculated results show a direct relationship between the size of the M2+ cation and lattice parameters as well as the defect formation energy variation. The NaCl Schottky defect type is highly favourable, and the Na6BaCl8 structure possesses the lowest values of defect formation energies. These structures are predicted to be mechanically stable and ductile, implying their compatibility with possible use as electrodes/electrolytes. The Na6MCl8 structures exhibit semiconductor characteristics with an energy gap ranging between 4.1-4.6 eV, which differs from the previous value of Na6MgCl8. A 3D migration pathway is identified in each rock-salt structure. Despite the small variation of the Na diffusivity and conductivity at 250 K within the structures considered, the Na6BaCl8 is characterized by the highest conductivity at 250 K, while the Na6MgCl8 structure has the highest conductivity and diffusivity values. The outstanding properties predicted for a Na ion battery suggest future development of synthetic strategies for their actual preparation.

The Role of the Polyethylene Glycol in the Organization of Gold Nanorods at the Air-Water and Air-Solid Interfaces.

The organization of metallic nanoparticles into assembled films is a complex process. The type of nanoparticle stabilizing ligand and the method for creating an organized layer can profoundly affect the optical properties of the resulting nanoparticle assembly. Investigations of the ligand structure and nanoparticle interactions can provide a greater understanding of the design of the assembly process and the quality of the resulting materials. One of the functionalization methods in the preparation of specific gold nanorods is the utilization of thiol-terminated poly(ethylene glycol). This generates gold nanorods capable of forming stable monolayers at the air-water interface upon dispersion in a suitable organic solvent. Herein, we show that depending on the molecular weight of the poly(ethylene glycol), the structures obtained at the air-water and air-solid interfaces differ in the arrangement. The studied structures were characterized by using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, and the structural type was correlated with the polymer type. Insoluble and stable Langmuir monolayers composed of higher-molecular-weight gold nanorods with poly(ethylene glycol) were formed only in the presence of an additional stabilizer that prevented the formation of gold nanorods in aqueous solutions. At the air-solid interface, conformational changes in poly(ethylene glycol) induced the aggregation of gold nanorods, which became closely packed under the influence of surface pressure. The presented results suggested that the arrangement of two-dimensional layers of gold nanorods could be tailored using poly(ethylene glycol) of various molecular weights.

Band engineering in two-dimensional porphyrin- and phthalocyanine-based covalent organic frameworks: insight from molecular design

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) represent an emerging class of crystalline polymeric networks, characterized by their tunable architectures and porosity, synthetic adaptability, and interesting optical, magnetic, and electrical properties. The incorporation of porphyrin (Por) or phthalocyanine (Pc) core units into 2D COFs provides an ideal platform for exploring the relationship between the COF geometric structure and its electronic properties in the case of tetragonal symmetry. In this work, on the basis of tight-binding models and density functional theory calculations, we describe the generic types of electronic band structures that can arise in tetragonal COFs. Three tetragonal lattice symmetries are examined: the basic square lattice, the Lieb lattice, and the checkerboard lattice. The potential topological characteristics of each lattice are explored. The Por-/Pc-based COFs exhibit characteristic band dispersions that are directly linked to their lattice symmetries and the nature of the frontier molecular orbitals of their building units. We show that the band dispersions in these COFs can be tailored by choosing specific symmetries of the molecular building units and/or by modulating the relative energies of the core and linker units. These strategies can be extended to a wide array of COFs, offering an effective approach to engineering their electronic properties.

Crashworthiness analysis of bumper structures with bionic hexagonal energy-absorbing boxes inspired by the characteristic of horsetails

Inspired by the cross-sectional structure and transverse diaphragm of horsetail stem, six types of bionic bumper structures are designed and their crashworthiness performances are investigated by numerical simulation and compared with conventional bumper structure. Results show that all types of the bionic bumper structure present excellent crashworthiness performances. Their specific energy absorption (SEA) increases more than 80% compared to original bumper structure, indicating the effectiveness of bionic design. The maximum increment in SEA under the frontal collision, the 30° inclined collision and the 40% offset collision reaches 135.32%, 96.55%, and 118.85%, respectively.

Structural phenotyping in atrial fibrillation with combined cardiac CT and atrial MRI: Identifying and differentiating individual structural remodelling types in AF.

Atrial remodelling (AR) is the persistent change in atrial structure and/or function and contributes to the initiation, maintenance and progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a reciprocal self-perpetuating relationship. Left atrial (LA) size, geometry, fibrosis, wall thickness (LAWT) and ejection fraction (LAEF) have all been shown to vary with pathological atrial remodelling. The association of these global remodelling markers with each other for differentiating structural phenotypes in AF is not well investigated. Patients referred for first-time AF ablation and controls without AF were prospectively recruited to undergo cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with 3D atrial late-gadolinium enhanced (LGE) sequences. LAWT, atrial myocardial mass, LA volume and sphericity were calculated from CT. Biplane LA EF and LA fibrosis burden were derived from atrial MRI. Results were compared between patients with AF and controls. Forty two AF patients (64.3% male, age 64.6 ± 10.2 years, CHA2DS2-VASc 2.48 ± 1.5, 69.0% paroxysmal AF, 31% persistent AF, LVEF 57.9 ± 10.5%) and 37 controls (64.9% male, age 56.6 ± 7.2, CHA2DS2-VASc 1.54 ± 1.1, LVEF 60.4 ± 4.9%) were recruited. Patients with AF had a significantly higher LAWT (1.45 ± 0.52 mm vs 1.12 ± 0.42 mm, p = 0.003), tissue mass (15.81 ± 6.53 g vs. 12.18 ± 5.01 g, p = 0.011), fibrosis burden (9.33 ± 8.35% vs 2.41 ± 3.60%, p = 0.013), left atrial size/volume (95.68 ± 26.63 mL vs 81.22 ± 20.64 mL, p = 0.011) and lower LAEF (50.3 ± 15.3% vs 65.2 ± 8.6%, p < 0.001) compared to controls. There was no significant correlation between % fibrosis with LAWT (p = 0.29), mass (p = 0.89), volume (p = 0.49) or sphericity (p = 0.79). LAWT had a statistically significant weak positive correlation with LA volume (r = 0.25, p = .041), but not with sphericity (p = 0.86). LAEF had a statistically significant but weak negative correlation with fibrosis (r = -0.33, p = 0.008) and LAWT (r = -0.24, p = 0.07). AF is associated with significant quantifiable structural changes that are evident in LA size, tissue thickness, total LA tissue mass and fibrosis. These individual remodelling markers do not or only weakly correlate with each other suggesting different remodelling subtypes exist (e.g. fibrotic vs hypertrophic vs dilated). If confirmed, such a detailed understanding of the structural changes observed has the potential to inform clinical management strategies targeting individual mechanisms underlying the disease process.

Nature of the bond in intermetallic compounds

By studying 398 binary compounds crystallizing in five different crystal structures, it is shown that atomic radii of the elements RA and RB change to reach a constant radius ratio rA/rB(≡ϒ) in a cubic system. In systems of lower symmetry, a range of ϒ values, each corresponding to a certain axial ratio, is possible. Accurate charge values on atoms in solids are derived from the experimental internal radii rA and rB, using Shannon’s compilation of radii versus charge states for elements. It is found, for the first time, that charge transfer and radii change reverse their direction at the ϒ point. Electronegativity difference relative to its value at the ϒ point is recognized to correctly predict the charge transfer and radii changes with RA/RB. The deduced electronic structure of solids, based on spherical ions carrying partial charges, confirms that the metallic atom-pair bond is a resonating polar covalent bond. Identification of the number of electrons that contribute to cohesion and electrical conduction individually, allows successful prediction of electrical conductivity variation for transition metals and p-elements in the periodic table. From a knowledge of accurate valence of elements and of charge on the atoms, variation in the 197Au isomer shift of the gold compounds of CsCl type structure is predicted. The charges on atoms computed using the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) technique agree with those obtained in our work for compounds belonging to two of the structure types. For compounds belonging to the other three, the charge values obtained by the two methods do not agree. The disagreement correlates to not reckoning the role of the ϒ point. The effect of ϒ point is so fundamental and universal that most physical properties obtained by the secondary processing of primary DFT data, can be influenced by it.

Development and Support of Ukrainian Domestic Entrepreneurship in the Knowledge Economy

This paper explores the elements of support and development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. It suggests that digitalization is an important organizational component in the development of the business sector in the knowledge economy. The authors present a comprehensive study of the most advanced domestic business ecosystems (Diia, UNIT.CITY, Genesis) and highlight their key characteristics, i.e., type of ownership, structure, mission and vision, services for entrepreneurs, investment fund availability, and areas and types of investment. The paper concludes that support for entrepreneurship in Ukraine is based on the principles of efficiency, accessibility, social security, openness, and transparency. Entrepreneurship support is considered as a set of measures of the state-funded and private institutions and organizations aimed at ensuring the sustainable functioning of small and medium-sized business entities and stimulating their development by creating the following favorable conditions: building a competitive environment and increasing competitiveness; fostering investment and innovation efforts; promoting manufactured goods (works, services) or knowledge-based products in domestic and foreign markets; ensuring employment by supporting the citizens’ entrepreneurial initiatives. Areas of public and private support of domestic entrepreneurship include provision of information, consultancy, and special services. Moreover, the paper pays special attention to the forms and methods of supporting businesses and entrepreneurship under martial law in Ukraine in 2022.

Non-ultralocal classical r-matrix structure for 1+1 field analogue of elliptic Calogero-Moser model

Abstract We consider 1+1 field generalization of the elliptic Calogero-Moser model. It is shown that the Lax connection satisfies the classical non-ultralocal r-matrix structure of Maillet type. Next, we consider 1+1 field analogue of the spin Calogero-Moser model and its multipole (or multispin) extension. Finally, we discuss the field analogue of the classical IRF-Vertex correspondence, which relates utralocal and non-ultralocal r-matrix structures.&amp;#xD;

P-525 Is there an impact of chromosomal structural rearrangements on IVF laboratory outcomes in PGT-SR cycles? a propensity score matching-based study

Abstract Study question Are IVF laboratory outcomes altered in PGT-SR cycles, and how are these outcomes affected by the type of rearrangement and the carrier’s gender? Summary answer PGT-SR cycles showed a decrease in overall blastulation and top-quality blastocyst rates compared to PGT-A cycles. Transferable blastocyst rate correlates with chromosomal structural rearrangement type. What is known already Chromosomal structural rearrangements (SR) are associated with altered gametogenesis, resulting in the formation of gametes with chromosomal imbalances. For affected couples, undergoing IVF cycles with PGT-SR is recommended to select embryos with a normal or balanced karyotype. Scarce data exist on IVF laboratory outcomes in couples undergoing PGT-SR cycles. Findings regarding blastocyst rate, mainly focused on high-quality blastocysts, remain unclear. In addition, structural rearrangement carriers yield fewer transferable blastocysts than patients undergoing PGT-A. Conclusive evidence regarding the influence of carrier gender and type of chromosomal SR on the development of transferable blastocysts is lacking, with existing studies yielding contradictory results. Study design, size, duration This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single university-affiliated obstetrics and fertility center between January 2019 and November 2023. The analysis involved 558 patients undergoing IVF cycles, including 136 in PGT-SR and 422 in PGT-A cycles. Participants/materials, setting, methods Trophectoderm biopsies from day 5/6/7 blastocysts underwent comprehensive chromosome screening utilizing validated NGS. Propensity Score Matching with a 1:1 match ratio was performed to balance baseline characteristics between the PGT-SR and PGT-A groups. The impact of chromosomal structural rearrangements on laboratory outcomes was assessed using a logistic regression model. Subsequently, within the PGT-SR population, the association between the carrier’s gender and the transferable blastocyst rate was evaluated through logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Main results and the role of chance There was no significant difference in the fertilization rate between the PGT-A and PGT-SR groups (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.01-1.60, p-value=0.14). However, the PGT-SR group exhibited a significantly lower overall blastulation rate (36.7%) compared to the PGT-A group (42.8%) (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.63-0.93, p-value=0.03). Notably, a significant difference was observed in the top-quality blastocyst rate, with PGT-A patients showing a rate of 21.7% versus 9.57% in PGT-SR patients (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.29-0.69, p-value&amp;lt;0.01). In the PGT-SR cohort, female carriers constituted 44.1%, while male carriers were 56.6%. Reciprocal translocations represented 56.5% of the structural rearrangements, with the remaining 43.5% being other types. When comparing female to male carriers, no significant association was observed between the transferable blastocyst rate and the carrier’s gender (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.35-2.31, p-value=0.83). However, a notable association was identified between the transferable blastocyst rate and the type of structural chromosomal rearrangements (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.09-0.29, p-value&amp;lt;0.01). Specifically, in cases where the patient carried a chromosomal SR other than reciprocal translocation, the transferable blastocyst rate was 83.2%, in contrast to 44.9% in patients with reciprocal translocations. Limitations, reasons for caution The retrospective design of this study represents a limitation, and the limited sample size of patients with structural chromosomal rearrangements restricts the statistical power. Wider implications of the findings These findings reveal that patients with SR yield fewer embryos for biopsy than those undergoing PGT-A, showing a reduced rate of transferable blastocysts in cases of reciprocal translocations. Consequently, providing comprehensive counseling and managing expectations for couples undergoing PGT-SR is essential. Trial registration number not applicable

Laboratory studies of movement and microenvironment choices of engorged adult female Amblyomma maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae).

Microenvironmental factors affect ovipositional choices and behavior in ticks. In this study, engorged female Amblyomma maculatum Koch were released in an observation arena covered with garden soil. The arena was evenly split into wet and dry sides, each containing 5 different types of structures (totaling 10). Upon release, observations at particular time points were made over 2 days as to speed, distance, actual paths traveled, and ultimate site selection, presumably for oviposition. In addition, time-lapse videography was utilized to record the track of each individual tick. This scenario was replicated 3 times with different cohorts of ticks (n = 5 per replicate). Of the total 15 ticks released in the arena, all attained a final site selection by 24h. These final sites were 7/15 (47%) edge of arena; 2/15 (13%) under bark; 2/15 (13%) open soil; 2/15 (13%) at or near release point; 1/15 (7%) tunnel with animal fur; and 1/15 (7%) tunnel with chicken feathers. At final site selection, 11/15 (73%) subsequently burrowed into the soil, 3 of which were completely buried. Time-lapse videography revealed that most ticks (80%) explored the arena in a "looping back" fashion. Overall, engorged Gulf Coast ticks moved at an average speed of 0.09mm/s, and the total distance traversed by the ticks averaged 2.37 m.

Ontological description method for building service-oriented distributed learning systems

The subject of the research is the analysis and justification of the use of software engineering processes based on ontologies of data access and representation of access to knowledge bases and knowledge reuse in the language of algebra of finite predicates, which is a class of descriptive logics. This approach allows you to use the advantages of ontologies and logic programming in the refactoring of distributed distance learning systems. The purpose of the work is to create a formalism for describing the interaction of services and algorithms for building web service interfaces for the implementation of an effective SOA system using the paradigm of access to data based on ontologies. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: an analysis of the main types of interaction structures of SOA services, an overview of implementations of systems working with a family of descriptive logic languages, namely, algebra of finite predicates, and a description of the structure of the ontology necessary for the operation of service-oriented systems, which has the markup of the Semantic Web standard using finite predicate algebra equations. The task is an urgent task of ensuring the organization of interaction of Internet resources in the development of distributed virtual learning systems, and such interaction is enabled by the service-oriented architecture of software development. The article examines modern technologies of the Semantic Web and their role in ensuring the creation of applied software systems of distributed learning resources built using distributed interactive services. The considered methods and materials include methods of algebra of finite predicates, theory of algorithms, object-oriented design, theory of unification. The results. The semantics of the SOA system is obtained, which makes it possible to describe SOA systems in the languages of descriptive logic. The effectiveness of the mathematical formalism of the algebra of finite predicates for the tasks of logical analysis of applied ontologies, the use of knowledge reuse methods, and the description of service-oriented systems is shown. The necessity of using algorithms for automatic construction of web interfaces is shown. The conclusions of the work highlight the advantages of the researched solution, namely, algorithms for the automated construction of web service interfaces for SOA architecture, which make it possible to automatically build web service interfaces. Algorithms differ in a more general model and speed of work and require an assessment of complexity.