Structural Studies Research Articles

Crystal structure, spectral characterization, in vitro, molecular docking and DFT studies of pyranopyrazole derivatives

Two Pyranopyrazole derivatives, namely, methyl-11-(2-chlorophenyl)-16-methyl-8-[(4-methylbenzene)sulfonyl], -14-phenyl-12-oxa-8,14,15-triazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.013,17] heptadeca-2(7), 3, 5, 13(17), 15-pentaene-10-carboxylate, C38H37N3S1O5 and butyl‑16-methyl-8-[(4-methylbenzene)sulfonyl]-11,14-diphenyl-12-oxa-8,14,15-triazatetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.013,17] heptadeca-2(7),3,5, 13(17), 15-pentaene-10-carboxylate, C35 H30 Cl N3 O5 S with phenyl and chlorophenyl substitutions were synthesized successfully, and crystallized by the slow evaporation technique. The pyranopyrazole derivatives were characterized by spectroscopic techniques including UV–visible, FTIR, and mass spectroscopy, and their 3D-structural arrangements were also confirmed by single crystal XRD studies. Both compounds crystallize in the triclinic crystal system with the centrosymmetric space group P-1, which is identified by the X-ray single-crystal structure. These compounds were examined for in vitro and molecular docking studies with the enzymes 1hny, 1pgg, and 4 cox and thus correspond to diabetes and inflammation. The observed results showed better binding energy and inhibition constants for inflammation involving enzymes. The chemical reactivity and electronic arrangement of the compounds have been revealed by DFT studies.

Structural and Morphological Studies of Pt in the As-Grown and Encapsulated States and Dependency on Film Thickness.

The morphology and crystal structure of Pt films grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)at high temperatures Tg = 900 °C was studied for four different film thicknesses varying between 10 and 70 nm. During the subsequent growth of the capping layer, the thermal stability of the Pt was strongly influenced by the Pt film's thickness. Furthermore, these later affected the film morphology, the crystal structure and hillocks size, and distribution during subsequent growth at Tg = 900 °C for a long duration. The modifications in the morphology as well as in the structure of the Pt film without a capping layer, named also as the as-grown and encapsulated layers in the bilayer system, were examined by a combination of microscopic and scattering methods. The increase in the thickness of the deposited Pt film brought three competitive phenomena into occurrence, such as 3D-2D morphological transition, dewetting, and hillock formation. The degree of coverage, film continuity, and the crystal quality of the Pt film were significantly improved by increasing the deposition time. An optimum Pt film thickness of 70 nm was found to be suitable for obtaining a hillock-free Pt bottom electrode which also withstood the dewetting phenomena revealed during the subsequent growth of capping layers. This achievement is crucial for the deposition of functional bottom electrodes in ferroelectric and multiferroic heterostructure systems.

Air-Stable and Eco-Friendly Symmetrical Imine with Thiadiazole Moieties in Neutral and Protonated form for Perovskite Photovoltaics.

This paper proposes molecular and supramolecular concepts for potential application in perovskite solar cells. New air-stable symmetrical imine, with thiadiazole moieties PPL2: (5E,6E)-N2,N5-bis(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-diamine), as a hole-transporting material was synthesised in a single-step reaction, starting with commercially available and relatively inexpensive reagents, resulting in a reduction in the cost of the final product compared to Spiro-OMeTAD. Moreover, camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) in both enantiomeric forms was used to change the HOMO-LUMO levels and electric properties of the investigated imine-forming complexes. Electric, optical, thermal, and structural studies of the imine and its complexes with CSA were carried out to characterise the new material. Imine and imine/CSA complexes were also characterised in depth by the proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 1H NMR method. The position of nitrogen in the thidiazole ring influences the basicity of donor centres, which results in protonation in the imine bond. Simple devices of ITO/imine (with or without CSA(-) or CSA(+))/Ag/ITO architecture were constructed, and a thermographic camera was used to find the defects in the created devices. Electric behaviour was also studied to demonstrate conductivity properties under the forward current. Finally, the electrical properties of imine and its protonated form with CSA were compared with Spiro-OMeTAD. In general, the analysis of thermal images showed a very similar response of the samples to the applied potential in terms of the homogeneity of the formed organic layer. The TGA analysis showed that the investigated imine exhibits good thermal stability in air and argon atmospheres.

Structure of the Hydrothermal System of Thermal Fields Inferred from Geological-Geophysical Modeling: A Case Study of the Kambalny Volcanic Ridge (Kamchatka)

Abstract ––Based on integrated structural and geophysical studies and generalization of geophysical, hydrogeological, mineralogical, geochemical and other data, it is shown that the southern cluster of thermal fields of the Kambalny volcanic ridge (South Kamchatka) is included in the modern hydrothermal system. New data on the structure of the steam hydrotherm discharge area investigated to a depth of about 300 m have been obtained. The structural and hydrodynamic connection between two thermal fields from this group has been established. The Kambalny Ridge geothermal system embracing all major clusters of thermal fields is assumed to have a single deep-seated source of heat supply.

X-ray structure and enzymatic study of a bacterial NADPH oxidase highlight the activation mechanism of eukaryotic NOX.

NADPH oxidases (NOX) are transmembrane proteins, widely spread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Eukaryotes use the ROS products for innate immune defense and signaling in critical (patho)physiological processes. Despite the recent structures of human NOX isoforms, the activation of electron transfer remains incompletely understood. SpNOX, a homolog from Streptococcus pneumoniae, can serves as a robust model for exploring electron transfers in the NOX family thanks to its constitutive activity. Crystal structures of SpNOX full-length and dehydrogenase (DH) domain constructs are revealed here. The isolated DH domain acts as a flavin reductase, and both constructs use either NADPH or NADH as substrate. Our findings suggest that hydride transfer from NAD(P)H to FAD is the rate-limiting step in electron transfer. We identify significance of F397 in nicotinamide access to flavin isoalloxazine and confirm flavin binding contributions from both DH and Transmembrane (TM) domains. Comparison with related enzymes suggests that distal access to heme may influence the final electron acceptor, while the relative position of DH and TM does not necessarily correlate with activity, contrary to previous suggestions. It rather suggests requirement of an internal rearrangement, within the DH domain, to switch from a resting to an active state. Thus, SpNOX appears to be a good model of active NOX2, which allows us to propose an explanation for NOX2's requirement for activation.

X-ray structure and enzymatic study of a bacterial NADPH oxidase highlight the activation mechanism of eukaryotic NOX

NADPH oxidases (NOX) are transmembrane proteins, widely spread in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Eukaryotes use the ROS products for innate immune defense and signaling in critical (patho)physiological processes. Despite the recent structures of human NOX isoforms, the activation of electron transfer remains incompletely understood. SpNOX, a homolog from Streptococcus pneumoniae, can serves as a robust model for exploring electron transfers in the NOX family thanks to its constitutive activity. Crystal structures of SpNOX full-length and dehydrogenase (DH) domain constructs are revealed here. The isolated DH domain acts as a flavin reductase, and both constructs use either NADPH or NADH as substrate. Our findings suggest that hydride transfer from NAD(P)H to FAD is the rate-limiting step in electron transfer. We identify significance of F397 in nicotinamide access to flavin isoalloxazine and confirm flavin binding contributions from both DH and Transmembrane (TM) domains. Comparison with related enzymes suggests that distal access to heme may influence the final electron acceptor, while the relative position of DH and TM does not necessarily correlate with activity, contrary to previous suggestions. It rather suggests requirement of an internal rearrangement, within the DH domain, to switch from a resting to an active state. Thus, SpNOX appears to be a good model of active NOX2, which allows us to propose an explanation for NOX2’s requirement for activation.

Disrupting FKF1 homodimerization increases FT transcript levels in the evening by enhancing CO stabilization

Key messageFKF1 dimerization is crucial for proper FT levels to fine-tune flowering time. Attenuating FKF1 homodimerization increased CO abundance by enhancing its COP1 binding, thereby accelerating flowering under long days.In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the blue-light photoreceptor FKF1 (FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX 1) plays a key role in inducing the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), encoding the main florigenic signal in plants, in the late afternoon under long-day conditions (LDs) by forming dimers with FT regulators. Although structural studies have unveiled a variant of FKF1 (FKF1 I160R) that disrupts homodimer formation in vitro, the mechanism by which disrupted FKF1 homodimer formation regulates flowering time remains elusive. In this study, we determined that the attenuation of FKF1 homodimer formation enhances FT expression in the evening by promoting the increased stability of CONSTANS (CO), a primary activator of FT, in the afternoon, thereby contributing to early flowering. In contrast to wild-type FKF1, introducing the FKF1 I160R variant into the fkf1 mutant led to increased FT expression under LDs. In addition, the FKF1 I160R variant exhibited diminished dimerization with FKF1, while its interaction with GIGANTEA (GI), a modulator of FKF1 function, was enhanced under LDs. Furthermore, the FKF1 I160R variant increased the level of CO in the afternoon under LDs by enhancing its binding to COP1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for CO degradation. These findings suggest that the regulation of FKF1 homodimerization and heterodimerization allows plants to finely adjust FT expression levels around dusk by modulating its interactions with GI and COP1.

Assessing the Psychometric Properties of the Illness Management and Recovery Scale: A Systematic Review Using the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN).

The Illness Management and Recovery Scale (IMR-S) is based on the IMR program, developed to assess the recovery process for people with severe mental disorders by considering the perceptions of clients and clinicians involved in it. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the IMR-S so as to determine the reliability and suitability of its scores for evaluating recovery. Two coders searched five databases for studies, published between January 2004 and May 2023, that describe the psychometric assessment of the IMR-S. Studies were assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias checklist. Finally, 46 papers were included. Methodological quality was very good for most of the studies that provide information on internal validity, and limited for those that report on responsiveness. Measurement properties were positive for convergent validity and measurement error. The quality of evidence was high for structural validity studies. Although this study only includes research published in English and may have overlooked certain psychometric properties evaluated in studies published in other languages, our findings suggest that the IMR-S is a valid and reliable instrument, demonstrating its potential to offer guidance for clinical practice.

Crystal structures of human CD40 in complex with monoclonal antibodies dacetuzumab and bleselumab

CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, and it is widely expressed on immune and non-immune cell types. The interaction between CD40 and the CD40 ligand (CD40L) plays an essential function in signaling, and the CD40/CD40L complex works as an immune checkpoint molecule. CD40 has become a therapeutic target, and a variety of agonistic/antagonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed. To better understand the mode of action of anti-CD40 mAbs, we determined the X-ray crystal structures of dacetuzumab (agonist) and bleselumab (antagonist) in complex with the extracellular domain of human CD40, respectively. The structure reveals that dacetuzumab binds to CD40 on the top of cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1), which is the domain most distant from the cell surface, and it does not compete with CD40L binding. The binding interface of bleselumab spread between CRD2 and CRD1, overlapping with the binding surface of the ligand. Our results offer important insights for future structural and functional studies of CD40 and provide clues to understanding the mechanism of biological response. These data can be applied to developing new strategies for designing antibodies with more therapeutic efficacy.

Aluminium and praseodymium doped M-type hexaferrites for electric vehicle applications

The booming demand for electric vehicles, driven by the pursuit of enhanced efficiency, faces significant hurdles attributed to the costly integration of rare earth magnets like NdFeB. M-type strontium ferrite emerges as a promising alternative owing to its economic viability and exceptional magnetic characteristics, rendering it suitable for electric vehicle motor applications. This research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of SrFe12O19 and Sr1-xPrxFe10Al2O19 (where x = 0.00 to 0.20) hexaferrites, with praseodymium (Pr) substitution. Magnetic particles were synthesized utilizing the sol-gel auto-combustion technique, employing a calcination temperature of 1100 °C for a duration of 4 h. Structural and magnetic studies of aluminium-praseodymium (Al–Pr) doped samples are performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). The structural analysis reveals a decrease in both particle size from 42 nm to 31.76 nm and lattice parameter with increasing doping concentration. Magnetic analysis yields crucial insights: Al3+ doping induces a substantial rise in coercivity from 5500 Oe to 10,500 Oe which is quite comparable to NdFeB, while Pr doping shows a subtle impact, enhancing remanence from 17 emu/g to 23.05 emu/g. These findings underscore the potential for optimizing magnetic properties through meticulous control of dopant concentrations in M-type hexaferrites, thereby positioning them as promising substitutes for rare earth magnets.

Magnetic Resonance Study of Bulky CVD Diamond Disc.

Diamonds produced using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) have found many applications in various fields of science and technology. Many applications involve polycrystalline CVD diamond films of micron thicknesses. However, a variety of optical, thermal, mechanical, and radiation sensing applications require more bulky CVD diamond samples. We report the results of a magnetic resonance and structural study of a thick, sizable polycrystalline CVD diamond disc, both as-prepared and treated with e-beam irradiation/high-temperature annealing, as well as gamma irradiation. The combination of various magnetic resonance techniques reveals and enables the attribution of a plentiful collection of paramagnetic defects of doublet and triplet spin origin. Analysis of spectra, electron, and nuclear spin relaxation, as well as nuclear spin diffusion, supports the conclusion of significant macro- and micro-inhomogeneities in the distribution of nitrogen-related defects.

Synthesis and Structural Studies of peri-Substituted Acenaphthenes with Tertiary Phosphine and Stibine Groups.

Two mixed peri-substituted phosphine-chlorostibines, Acenap(PiPr2)(SbPhCl) and Acenap(PiPr2)(SbCl2) (Acenap = acenaphthene-5,6-diyl) reacted cleanly with Grignard reagents or nBuLi to give the corresponding tertiary phosphine-stibines Acenap(PiPr2)(SbRR') (R, R' = Me, iPr, nBu, Ph). In addition, the Pt(II) complex of the tertiary phosphine-stibine Acenap(PiPr2)(SbPh2) as well as the Mo(0) complex of Acenap(PiPr2)(SbMePh) were synthesised and characterised. Two of the phosphine-stibines and the two metal complexes were characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The peri-substituted species act as bidentate ligands through both P and Sb atoms, forming rather short Sb-metal bonds. The tertiary phosphine-stibines display through-space J(CP) couplings between the phosphorus atom and carbon atoms bonded directly to the Sb atom of up to 40 Hz. The sequestration of the P and Sb lone pairs results in much smaller corresponding J(CP) being observed in the metal complexes. QTAIM (Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules) and EDA-NOCV (Energy Decomposition Analysis employing Naturalised Orbitals for Chemical Valence) computational techniques were used to provide additional insight into a weak n(P)→σ*(Sb-C) intramolecular bonding interaction (pnictogen bond) in the phosphine-stibines.

NUV-excitation Dy(III) complexes: Synthesis, structural study and impact of secondary ligands on optoelectronic properties

The ternary dysprosium complexes involving 1,1,1-trifluoro 5,5-dimethyl 2,4-hexanedione (TFDH) along with 2,2ʹ-bipyridyl and its derivatives have been synthesized. Elemental, infrared and proton NMR analyses were used to evaluate the bonding patterns between dysprosium ion and organic moieties. UV–Visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to examine the optical characteristics. To confirm the anhydrous nature of synthesized complexes, IR and thermogravimetric data were utilized. The band gap value lies in semi-conducting region was explained by Tauc's plot and CV curve, respectively. The photophysical characteristics of dysprosium complexes have been studied in powdered form. The appearance of yellow luminescence on irradiation under NUV-light indicates a highly efficient transfer of energy mechanism from organic ligand to the Dy(III) ion. The CCT values were found to be suitable for cold light sources. The ∆J = 2 transition dominates the overall emission spectra with branching ratio ∼70% is ideal for laser reinforcement. The synthesized Dy(III) complexes possess band gap in semi-conducting range, good thermal stability and high luminous properties, which makes them suitable for applications in displays and lighting technologies.

A comparative study of molecular structure, rheology, and thermal characteristics of deacetylated konjac glucomannan-treated gluten during frozen storage

Konjac glucomannan is extensively employed to enhance the quality of wheat-based products. Despite this, the utilization of natural KGM in the food industry is restricted due to its inadequate mechanical attributes, heightened susceptibility to humidity, and unappealing taste profile. In this study, the influence of deacetylated konjac glucomannan (DKGM) on the structure, rheology, and thermal characteristics of gluten during frozen storage was explored. Furthermore, the mechanism outlining the action between gluten and DKGM was analyzed. The secondary structure results showed that DKGM promoted the formation of α-helices and β-sheets in gluten. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed that DKGM made the gluten network more stable. Moreover, DKGM provided a significant improvement in the rheological and thermal properties of frozen gluten. This is attributes to the fact that DKGM alters the hydrophobic residues in frozen gluten. Overall, this work indicates that the molecular structure and thermal properties of gluten are optimally substantial improvements at a substitution content of 1.5% D3 (deacetylation degree of 95%) in the dough. These findings provide a reference value for the application of DKGM in frozen wheat-based foods.

Design, Synthesis, and Mechanistic Studies of (R)-3-Amino-5,5-difluorocyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic Acid as an Inactivator of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase.

Human ornithine aminotransferase (hOAT), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme, has been shown to play an essential role in the metabolic reprogramming and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC accounts for approximately 75% of primary liver cancers and is within the top three causes of cancer death worldwide. As a result of treatment limitations, the overall 5-year survival rate for all patients with HCC is under 20%. The prevalence of HCC necessitates continued development of novel and effective treatment methods. In recent years, the therapeutic potential of selective inactivation of hOAT has been demonstrated for the treatment of HCC. Inspired by previous increased selectivity for hOAT by the expansion of the cyclopentene ring scaffold to a cyclohexene, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of novel fluorinated cyclohexene analogues and identified (R)-3-amino-5,5-difluorocyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid as a time-dependent inhibitor of hOAT. Structural and mechanistic studies have elucidated the mechanism of inactivation of hOAT by 5, resulting in a PLP-inactivator adduct tightly bound to the active site of the enzyme. Intact protein mass spectrometry, 19F NMR spectroscopy, transient state kinetic studies, and X-ray crystallography were used to determine the structure of the final adduct and elucidate the mechanisms of inactivation. Interestingly, despite the highly electrophilic intermediate species conferred by fluorine and structural evidence of solvent accessibility in the hOAT active site, Lys292 and water did not participate in nucleophilic addition during the inactivation mechanism of hOAT by 5. Instead, rapid aromatization to yield the final adduct was favored.

Change in the Low-Cycle Performance on the 3D-Printed Materials ABS, ASA, HIPS, and PLA Exposed to Mineral Oil.

Three-dimensionally printed parts are increasingly used in industry for quick repairs. They are often operated in the presence of grease, oil, and others. This article describes the effect of engine mineral oil on the fatigue life of 3D-printed FDM plastic samples. For this reason, this article aimed to investigate the influence of oil on the fatigue life of materials made using this technology. Samples made of ABA, ASA, PLA, and HIPS materials were printed with 100% fill. Divided into groups, they were stored for 15, 30, and 60 days in an oil bath at a room temperature of 23 °C and an increased temperature of 70 °C. To compare the effect of storage in oil, static tests were performed to determine the tensile strength of the specimens and to determine the load levels for the cyclic tests. Cyclic tests were performed to determine the effect of oil and temperature on the fatigue life. Internal structure studies of the specimens were performed using computed microtomography to determine the changes in the porosity of the specimens under the influence of oil. In the case of ABS, the oil-bathed samples showed a clear increase in the fatigue life, especially at 23 °C. For the ASA specimens, an increase was also evident, especially for the lower stress value. For HIPS and PLA, no clear effect of the oil bath on the fatigue life value of the samples was determined. Porosity studies using computed microtomography showed a clear decrease in the porosity of the samples as a result of the oil bath for all of them.

Investigation on electrical, structural, magnetic, optical properties and EPR studies of CdCu2O3 composite oxide prepared via sol–gel method

Investigation on electrical, structural, magnetic, optical properties and EPR studies of CdCu2O3 composite oxide prepared via sol–gel method

Whole genome characterization of Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus isolated from OPA infected sheep (India) and structural assessment (In-silico) of proteins of JSRV

The study was conducted from 2017 to 2021 in sheep and goat population from Krishna, Guntur and Chittoor districts of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 1256 clinically unhealthy animals out of which 420 animals were manifested respiratory emaciated symptoms based on wheelbarrow test, all aged between 3 months to 4 years. Molecular diagnosis confirmed 38 samples out of 420 samples confirmed by wheelbarrow test. The prevalence rate of JSRV induced OPA is 3.02 % the less infection rate was observed in male as compared to females’ animals and this prevalence during the late winter seasons. The size of 7462 bp genome was sequenced from pathomorphological diversified animal lung sample. The genomic analysis reveals a total of 506 SNPs variants were recorded. The phylogenetic studies reveal, the isolated strain is very similar to South African strains but it diversified from UK and China strain. The structural and functional assessment studies based on derived amino acid sequence showed nonsignificant changes in 3D structures of proteins encoded by the JSRV genome. The substitution mutations both at Nucleotide and Amino acid sequence level suggest neutral evolution and they are under minimal evolutionary pressure.

Contributions of the left and right thalami to language: A meta-analytic approach.

Despite a pervasive cortico-centric view in cognitive neuroscience, subcortical structures including the thalamus have been shown to be increasingly involved in higher cognitive functions. Previous structural and functional imaging studies demonstrated cortico-thalamo-cortical loops which may support various cognitive functions including language. However, large-scale functional connectivity of the thalamus during language tasks has not been examined before. The present study employed meta-analytic connectivity modeling to identify language-related coactivation patterns of the left and right thalami. The left and right thalami were used as regions of interest to search the BrainMap functional database for neuroimaging experiments with healthy participants reporting language-related activations in each region of interest. Activation likelihood estimation analyses were then carried out on the foci extracted from the identified studies to estimate functional convergence for each thalamus. A functional decoding analysis based on the same database was conducted to characterize thalamic contributions to different language functions. The results revealed bilateral frontotemporal and bilateral subcortical (basal ganglia) coactivation patterns for both the left and right thalami, and also right cerebellar coactivations for the left thalamus, during language processing. In light of previous empirical studies and theoretical frameworks, the present connectivity and functional decoding findings suggest that cortico-subcortical-cerebellar-cortical loops modulate and fine-tune information transfer within the bilateral frontotemporal cortices during language processing, especially during production and semantic operations, but also other language (e.g., syntax, phonology) and cognitive operations (e.g., attention, cognitive control). The current findings show that the language-relevant network extends beyond the classical left perisylvian cortices and spans bilateral cortical, bilateral subcortical (bilateral thalamus, bilateral basal ganglia) and right cerebellar regions.

Improvements of multifunctional spintronic and optoelectronic applications of nanostructured Eu-doped ZnS thin films through magnetic and linear, nonlinear optical investigations

This study describes the spintronic and optoelectronic improvements upon Eu substitution in Zn atomic site of the nanostructure ZnS thin films. The electron beam deposition technique has been used to deposit a series of Zn1-xEuxS thin films on a glass substrate with different Eu dopants (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08). The nanostructure nature of the Eu-doped ZnS thin film has been confirmed from structural and morphology studies performed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscope (AFM) measurements. XRD investigations further show a hexagonal-type structure with no detectable extra phases with the lattice parameter c increasing, while a decrease linearly with increasing Eu-dopant in the ZnS hosted lattice. The microstructures analysis reveals a reduction in the mean crystallite size and increasing in the lattice strain of the films with rising Eu doping. The Fourier transform infrared spectra display the existence of chemical bonds in the thin films whereas photoluminescence reveals near-band edge emission. The linear optical parameters were obtained from the analysis of the transmission data measured by the spectrophotometer technique. The results reveal that the band gap energy (EgOpt) reduces by raising ohe Eu doping ratio, which is ascribed to the structural deformation (strain and/or defects) confirmed from structural analysis, density of localized states and PL measurements. The index of refraction n was calculated using the Swanepoel method. The values were found to increase as the level of Eu doping grows, which is associated with the rise in polarizability. Wemple and DiDomenico's (WDD) model was utilized to compute the dispersive and oscillator energies (Eo, and Ed), the nonlinear absorption coefficient βc, nonlinear refractive index n2, and nonlinear optical susceptibility χ3. The results demonstrate that the adjustability of EgOpt , Eo, and Ed of ZnS: Eu films is conducted to improve the nonlinear optical characteristics, providing it well-suited for optoelectronic device implementations. On the other hand, ZnS doped with Eu film displays inherent ferromagnetic properties at room temperature, as evidenced by the results of the magnetic investigation. This finding could be attributed to the presence of sulphur defects (vacancies), as supported by photoluminescence (PL) measurements, which lead to the creation of the bound magnetic polaron. These discoveries indicate the potential of utilizing Eu-doped ZnS film in the effective development of spintronic devices.