Organizational Structure Research Articles

Molecular dynamics simulation of hybrid structure and mechanical properties of DLC/Ni-DLC thin films

To improve the mechanical properties of the rolling body surface of wind power bearings, extend its service life. In this study, a large-scale molecular/atomic parallel processor LAMMPS was introduced, and then the process of magnetron sputtering technology in the preparation of DLC/Ni-DLC thin films on the 42CrMo substrate material was simulated. The effects of deposition parameters such as sputtering temperature, sputtering voltage, deposition air pressure, and Ni doping on the residual stress, film base bonding, and organizational structure of the thin films were investigated. The simulation results show that for different deposition parameters, the atomic tensile and compressive stresses existed simultaneously in DLC/Ni-DLC films, and the residual stresses were between − 0.504–5.003 Gpa and − 2.11–0.065 Gpa, respectively; the doping of Ni effectively improved the distribution of hybrid structure and the mechanical properties of the DLC films, and the ratio of the sp3 hybrid structure in the film organization was about 2.56 times higher than that of the non-doped films, and the membrane base bonding force was increased by 32.78% and the residual stress is reduced and transitioned from tensile stress to compressive stress. In addition, it was observed that the thickness of the mixed layer of DLC/Ni-DLC films with the substrate was not increased after the thickness of the mixed layer was extended to about 2 nm. Nickel doping and reasonable control of deposition parameters help to reduce the residual stress and improve the bonding strength of the film by changing the organizational structure of the film, which provides an important theoretical and scientific basis for the preparation of low-stress, high-performance and long-life DLC films and the wide application of rolling bodies for wind power bearings under complex working conditions.

Leaked (Political) Telephone Conversation in Bangladesh: A Conversation Analysis

The paper analyses a selected number of ‘leaked’ telephone conversations by some political figures of Bangladesh. The analyses are rooted in the ideals of conversation analysis (CA), particularly in the CA of telephone interaction. Leaked conversations are politically sensitive, and thus are rarely discussed in the academia. The data for this study is, however, collected from an open source, i.e., YouTube on which the conversations were circulated. The aim of the study is to examine the organizational structure of the telephone conversations carried out by political figures, i.e., political telephone conversation (PTC). The paper explains how individual political actors conduct formal and informal interactions over telephone as they discuss different sensitive issues in relation to politics and society. The paper investigates how the politicians open and close their talk, maintain adjacency pairs, and construct topics as they legitimize their arguments within a conversation. The findings of this paper are expected to contribute to a better understanding of how we can analyze and comprehend the organization of political conversations through the mechanisms of conversation analysis, and at the same time to provide a helpful documentation for further research on this ‘highly neglected’ field.

A national survey and roadmap on complete streets infrastructure asset management policy

Complete Streets are being implemented across the US, and transportation agencies need to incorporate them into asset management systems cost-effectively maintain functionality. Although there has been a range of progress at the state level, many gaps need to be filled to include Complete Streets in asset management policies and improve practices, and there is no national guidance or comprehensive plan to achieve this. This study developed a roadmap to fill those gaps regarding infrastructure asset management. To create this roadmap, the study completed the following tasks: 1) develop and implement a survey supplement it with in-depth surveys with several agencies, 2) synthesize survey outcomes, 3) identify current statuses, challenges, and needs, and 4) develop a roadmap for Complete Streets infrastructure asset management. All 50 state transportation departments participated in the national survey. This paper synthesizes the outcomes of the surveys and literature review. The survey results showed that many agencies have some Complete Streets guidance (39/50), but only seven agencies have Complete Streets performance measures and no agency has bike/ped specific condition measures. The three primary challenges are: 1) inadequate funding related to organizational structure 2) the need for performance measures, and 3) the need for improved data accessibility, collection methods, and management techniques. The proposed Roadmap to Complete Streets Asset Management Policies includes pathways for 1) asset management performance measure development and 2) data collection and analysis. The roadmap organizes existing needs into a step by step framework for incorporating Complete Streets into infrastructure asset management programs and policies. Policy implications include the need for network-level performance measures and targets that the entire agency is responsible for, improved data collection techniques, and internal structural adjustments to encourage collaboration and data sharing within departments of transportation.

Development of ancient Chinese inscription rubbings knowledge base in the context of cultural communication and art appreciation

PurposeTo promote the cultural communication and art appreciation of Inscriptions and calligraphy which are important cultural heritages in China, with a broad crowd base and educational appreciation value, by using digital humanities methods and technologies, the paper aims to discuss how to develop a new user-oriented knowledge base according to user needs for inscription rubbings research and appreciation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigates user needs and current problems on the basis of status quo and summation of extensive service experience; validates the rationality of requirements and user scenarios with user research methods including focus groups, interviews and behavior observations; then designs and develops the technical solution of data process, knowledge base construction and service platform through experimental research methods based on agile project management.FindingsThe paper proposes a new reading mode for browsing and appreciation inscription rubbing works, a diverse knowledge-integrated knowledge organizational structure, a systematic user experience and service guiding framework which can be widely applicable to the development of other cultural heritage knowledge bases. Apart from that, the paper puts forward intelligent service development goals for the future.Originality/valueThe paper proposes a new reading mode with the overall functions and user experience design and development for browsing and appreciation inscription rubbing works, a diverse knowledge-integrated knowledge organizational structure, a systematic user experience and service guiding framework which can be widely applicable to the development of other cultural heritage knowledge bases. Apart from that, the paper puts forward intelligent service development goals for the future.

Perbandingan Metode EOQ, JIT, Kebijakan Perusahaan dalam Pengendalian Biaya Persediaan Bahan Baku pada Loske Coffeeshop

Coffeshop Loske is a business of the food and beverage industry, the problem with the Loske Coffeeshop is whether its current supply of raw materials is efficient and whether its EOQ method and its effective effective is in the Loske Coffeeshop. The purpose of the study is to analyze the optimum cost of supply of raw materials on the Loske Coffeeshop and to find out if EOQ methods and JIT can optimize the control of supply of raw materials in the Loske Coffeeshop. The data needed is a general picture of Loske Coffeeshop, organization structure, production process, raw materials supply data, raw materials use data, message cost data, and store cost data. A data-collection technique using a documentary method. Based on studies already done, researchers concluded that the EOQ method and JIT method were proven to optimize the cost of controlling the supply of raw materials when applied to the loske coffeeshop. EOQ methods produced a supply charge of Rp 9.998.749, and the JIT method produced a supply cost of Rp 10.203.373, whereas using the company's policy method currently used produces a stock cost of Rp 14.404.302.

Exercise and nutrition to improve cancer Treatment-Related outcomes (ENICTO).

Chemotherapy treatment-related side-effects are common and increase the risk of suboptimal outcomes. Exercise interventions during cancer treatment improve self-reported physical functioning, fatigue, anxiety, and depression, but it is unclear whether these interventions improve important clinical outcomes, such as chemotherapy relative dose intensity (RDI). The National Cancer Institute funded the Exercise and Nutrition to Improve Cancer Treatment-Related Outcomes (ENICTO) Consortium, to address this knowledge gap. This paper describes the mechanisms hypothesized to underpin intervention effects on clinically-relevant treatment outcomes, briefly outlines each project's distinct research aims, summarizes the scope and organizational structure of ENICTO, and provides an overview of the integrated common data elements used to pursue research questions collectively. In addition, the paper includes a description of consortium-wide activities and broader research community opportunities for collaborative research. Findings from the ENICTO Consortium have the potential to accelerate a paradigm shift in oncology care such that cancer patients could receive exercise and nutrition programming as the standard of care in tandem with chemotherapy to improve RDI for a curative outcome.

Developer-driven co-housing in Denmark: strengths and weaknesses compared to resident-driven co-housing

ABSTRACT The international literature on co-housing has for a long time called for more market actors to be involved in the provision of co-housing. However, few studies have been made on the implications of such market-driven approaches. In this paper, we present recent experiences from Denmark on developer-driven co-housing which represents a considerable change compared to the hitherto predominant resident-driven approach. Our findings suggest that residents generally welcome the main features of the developer-driven co-housing which may also create a more mixed residential composition. We also find that the facilitation of the community and the organizational structure needs further attention and development.

Standardization of Information Security Management in the Banking Sector using the ISO 27001:2022 Framework

This research discusses evaluations related to cyber security standardization in the banking sector at Bank Victoria International Tbk using qualitative methods and data collection techniques, interviews and focus group discussions. The focus of this research is evaluation related to Data Leaks, Threats of Attacks from outside, and Policies for preventing cybercrime in banking using the ISO 27001:2022 Framework. The location of this research was carried out at Bank Victoria International Tbk. The location for this research was chosen because Bank Victoria is one of the banks that is currently carrying out a preventive implementation process in preventing cybercrime by implementing ISO 27001:2022 related to Cyber Security. The problems that will be explained in this thesis research are First, how does PT. Bank Victoria is taking precautions regarding data leaks using the ISO 27001:2022 framework (1). Second, how does PT Bank Victoria carry out monitoring and monitoring related to external threats or attacks that could harm the bank using the ISO 27001:2022 framework (2). Third, how to comply with procedures, policies or regulators related to process flow and security controls for the use of information technology at PT. Bank Victoria uses the ISO 27001:2022 Framework (3). The conclusion of this research is that Bank Victoria International Tbk is still in the stage of improvement in terms of cyber security, although currently PT Bank Victoria is showing good preventive measures by forming a special organizational structure to handle legality issues and implementing cybercrime prevention applications, but this has not been stated in the Policy.

Application of Strategic Management Through Military Leadership

The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) unit has specific duties as mandated by Law No. 34 of 2004. Soldiers are expected to adhere to values derived from the nation's military doctrine, encapsulated in the Sapta Marga, the Soldier's Oath, and the 8 Obligations of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Essential qualities for soldiers include loyalty to superiors, decisiveness, discipline, and responsibility towards their duties. The Indonesian National Armed Forces organizational structure is permanent and non-profit, which limits social interactions among soldiers, particularly those from different units or ranks. There are no specific guidelines for leadership styles at different rank levels, leading leaders to rely on the organizational culture established during military training. According to Wawan (2020), leadership in the military, underpinned by organizational culture values, motivates soldiers to improve their performance. Leaders play a critical role in applying organizational culture by making decisions based on Indonesian National Armed Forces doctrines. The responsibilities of officers within the Indonesian Army (TNI AD) evolve with their rank. Career development is determined by rank following the completion of general development education (Dikbangum), which involves rigorous selection processes evaluating various aspects supporting the required skills and competencies for higher ranks. Proportional stratified random sampling was used among officer students in Dikbangum for Secapa, Selapa, Sesko Indonesian National Armed Forces, and Seskoad. The study included 640 respondents: 111 from Secapa, 278 from Selapa, 190 from Seskoad, and 61 from Sesko Indonesian National Armed Forces. Research findings indicate that leadership positively affects soldier performance through organizational culture and work motivation within the Indonesian National Army. However, data from the overall sample revealed a negative impact of work motivation on soldier performance, both directly and through leadership roles incorporating work motivation elements. This negative effect is attributed to age, rank, job responsibility, and unit type differences among the research subjects in each cluster group. The study on officer students undergoing general development education in 2023 within the Indonesian National Army shows that leadership directly influences soldier performance, positively affects work motivation, and impacts organizational culture. Leadership also affects performance through work motivation and organizational culture. Leadership approaches at different rank levels have positively influenced soldiers' responses, enabling them to perform their duties effectively in accordance with directives from higher units, such as MABES Indonesian National Armed Forces.

Pengembangan Kapasitas Kelompok Tani Tunas Makmur Dalam Pengelolaan Produk Nanas Di Kelurahan Sungai Pakning Kabupaten Bengkalis

This research was conducted because Sungai Pakning Village, Bengkalis Regency, was one of the areas that experienced land and forest fires that occurred in Riau Province in 2015. So far, peatland management has often failed, both by the government and companies. One of their failures is that they only focus on land restoration and ignore community empowerment. With the independent peat village program created by PT. Pertamina RU II Production, Sungai Pakning, Bengkalis Regency. Among the independent peat village programs, there is an environmental conservation program which has become the center of attention for environmental observers, namely the development of peat forests to manage pineapple products. This research aims to determine the capacity development of the Tunas Makmur Farmer group in managing pineapple products and to find out what are the supporting factors for capacity development in the Tunas Makmur Farmer group in Sungai Pakning, Bengkalis Regency. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. Data was obtained through interviews and field observations. The results of this research show that the capacity development measure according to Ilato has demonstrated good capacity in aspects of organizational structure, decision making processes, work procedures and mechanisms and inter-organizational relationships. Good capacity development is supported by 1) facilities and infrastructure, which are being developed continuously, 2) good cooperation between various parties or institutions involved in developing the capacity of the Tunas Makmur Farmers Group.

Competence of Frontline Implementers in the Implementation of the Policy of Appointing State Treasury Officials to Work Units within the Ministry of Religious Affairs Office Ciamis Regency

The new approach to state financial management began with the introduction of Law Number 17 of 2003 on State Finance, Law Number 1 of 2004 on State Treasury, and Law Number 15 of 2004 on the Audit of State Financial Management and Accountability. The implementation of Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation Number 32 of 2021, which essentially serves as a policy or program within the Ministry of Religious Affairs, outlines the procedures for appointing treasury officials. This process will significantly influence the transparency and accountability of budget management. The success of these policies in achieving their intended outcomes naturally depends on factors related to policy, organizational structure, and the surrounding environment. The competence of frontline implementers is the competence of policy implementers, while the competence of implementers is a work ability of each policy implementer which includes aspects of knowledge, skills, and work attitudes in accordance with the expected standardization. Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation Number 32 of 2021 Article 2 Paragraph 5 states that state treasury officials, namely Paying Warrant Signing Officers, Commitment Making Officials and Expenditure Treasurers must have a certificate of competence. With regard to the prerequisites to be able to carry out duties as a state treasury official, they must have competence, where one of the indicators of having this competence is eligibility indicated by the certificate obtained after following the certification process. To achieve good policy implementation cannot be achieved in a short time where there must be several stages taken. The first stage is called the fullness stage where it is very important to be qualified to be eligible for office, the next stage is quality, namely how the work is carried out better and who does it.

Concepts and signs of international human rights institutions

The article analyzes various approaches to the interpretation of the concept of an international human rights institution. The author’s definition of the concept of an international human rights institution is proposed, which should be understood as an international association endowed by the relevant states and (or) other entities with its own international legal personality, based on an international treaty or other document provided for by the norms of international law, the purpose of which is achieving goals related to the protection of the rights and freedoms of a person, and which, as a rule, has its own system of bodies acting on a permanent basis. It was noted that in the process of forming the institute of international organizations, the main attention of the states was focused on the creation of international intergovernmental organizations, which have executed and continue to execute a significant influence on the course of world events. International interstate organizations are one of the three important institutions through which interstate cooperation is carried out. Created in accordance with special international treaties, they have international legal personality and a clearly defined organizational structure, reflect the main goals, tasks and competence and act in accordance with the norms of international law. Despite the fact that international human rights institutions have a subsidiary character to national protection bodies, they provide considerable influence by making appropriate decisions based on the results of consideration of individual appeals from victims whose rights and freedoms are violated. The process of applying for the protection of rights and freedoms to international human rights institutions is a kind of one of the forms of activity of the relevant legal entity. The article highlights the main characteristics of international human rights institutions, which include: 1) contractual basis, 2) existence of defined goals, 3) appropriate organizational structure, 4) existence of independent rights and obligations, 5) possibility of considering applications from victims of rights violations and freedoms and the adoption of relevant decisions (conclusions, recommendations), 6) the possibility of influencing the defendant state, which violates the rights and freedoms of a person, 7) the permanent nature of the activity.

Naturalistic movies and encoding analysis define areal borders in marmoset third-tier visual cortex

Accurate definition of the borders of cortical visual areas is essential for the study of neuronal processes leading to perception. However, data used for definition of areal boundaries have suffered from issues related to resolution, uniform coverage, or suitability for objective analysis, leading to ambiguity. Here, we present a novel approach that combines widefield optical imaging, presentation of naturalistic movies, and encoding model analysis, to objectively define borders in the primate extrastriate cortex. We applied this method to test conflicting hypotheses about the third-tier visual cortex, where areal boundaries have remained controversial. We demonstrate pronounced tuning preferences in the third-tier areas, and an organizational structure in which the dorsomedial area (DM) contains representations of both the upper and lower contralateral quadrants, and is located immediate anterior to V2. High-density electrophysiological recordings with a Neuropixels probe confirm these findings. Our encoding-model approach offers a powerful, objective way to disambiguate areal boundaries.

Echoes of Stress: Maternal psychological distress in the intersection of work and pregnancy within Pakistani higher education

Pregnancy involves a diverse set of physical and emotional challenges for women, and these challenges are intensified further for working women. Domestic and professional roles for working women pose severe impediments in antenatal phases. The present study aimed to explore the experiences of antenatal women working in an academic setting in Pakistan, with a focus on the challenges posed during pregnancy. Methodology: A qualitative analysis was conducted through interviews with three academic staff members. This approach provided key themes regarding the challenges faced by these women during pregnancy. Results: The analysis revealed several key themes. Absence of Inclusive Infrastructure and Administrative Support: This contributes to a heightened glass ceiling effect. Ergonomic Concerns: Physical fatigue from moving within the campus area, coupled with a lack of medical facilities, intensifies psychological distress, posing severe challenges for improved maternal well-being. Ambiguous and Discriminatory Workplace Policies and Attitudes: These further contribute to emotional stress for these women. Conclusions: This research highlights the need for a persistent and comprehensive organizational structure that includes inclusive policies, support systems, and flexible scheduling options. Such measures are necessary to address the multilayered nature of stress encountered during the antenatal period by working women, thereby fostering a conducive and holistic work environment.

Disruptive innovations and defence procurement: a study of the Brazilian Navy Case

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the study of the challenges that disruptive technologies represent for industrial defence strategies and procurement policies. It focuses on the incorporation of drones into military arsenals and will be based on a study of the Brazilian Navy case. Drones are a disruptive technology both for the defence industrial base and for their implications for military tactics and the organisational structure of the armed forces. The analysis addresses the main difficulties encountered in incorporating these technologies into traditional military structures and acquisition systems. We explore the ways in which defence procurement adapts (or fails to adapt) to the emergence of disruptive technologies: are traditional military organisations and procurement structures capable of introducing disruptive technologies and engaging in the organisational and operating practices required to do so? Some lessons are drawn from this experience: even when the military relevance of drone technology is widely acknowledged and even officially recognized, procurement strategies and practices have not been able to shift from their focus on incumbent suppliers and conventional systems.

ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER IN BRUMADINHO: ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT ON THE REPUTATION OF VALE S.A.

The company Vale do Rio Doce was created in 1942 as a mixed capital corporation, being privatized in 1997. The company operates in 30 countries producing nickel, coal, copper, manganese, ferroalloys, iron ore and pellets. In 2019, a dam owned by the mining company, in the municipality of Brumadinho, failed and caused one of the biggest environmental disasters in Brazil, which could affect the company's reputation and its legitimacy before society to continue to exist. The general objective of this work is to analyze the impact of the dam failure on the company's reputation. The study is deductive, descriptive, comparative, quantitative, case study and documental, analyzing the company's reputation in five dimensions (media, academy, company, society and by the border of the last two). The findings showed a synergy between the dimensions, and in all of them there was a behavior that in the years before the disaster, the company had a reputation that guaranteed its legitimacy and, in 2019, this reputation was affected, but communication The mining company's organizational structure managed to recover its reputation and maintain the legitimacy to continue operating.

Embracing Structure in Organizations: The Interplay Between Perceptions and Benefits of Structure

Embracing Structure in Organizations: The Interplay Between Perceptions and Benefits of Structure

Organisational Structure and Product Innovation: A Cross-Cultural Moderated Mediation Analysis

Organisational Structure and Product Innovation: A Cross-Cultural Moderated Mediation Analysis

Design Choices: Examining the Interplay of Organizational Structure and Digital Technologies

Design Choices: Examining the Interplay of Organizational Structure and Digital Technologies

Phase structure evolution and its effect on magnetic and mechanical properties of B-doped Sm2Co17-type magnets with high Fe content

Abstract The unique cellular microstructure of Fe-rich Sm2Co17-type permanent magnets is closely associated with the structure of the solid solution precursor. We investigate the phase structure, magnetic properties, and mechanical behavior of B-doped Sm2Co17-type magnets with high Fe content. The doped B atoms can diffuse into the interstitial vacancy, resulting in lattice expansion and promote the homogenization of the phase organizational structure during the solid solution treatment in theory. However, the resulting second phase plays a dominant role to result in more microtwin structures and highly ordered 2 : 17R phases in the solid solution stage, which inhibits the ordering transformation of 1 : 7H phase during aging and affects the generation of the cellular structure, and to result in a decrease in magnetic properties, yet the interface formed between it and the matrix phase hinders the movement of dislocations and enhances the mechanical properties. Hence, the precipitation of high flexural strain grain boundary phase induced by B element doping is also a new and effective way to improve the flexural strain of Sm2Co17-type magnets. Our study provides a new understanding of the phase structure evolution and its effect on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Sm2Co17-type magnets with high Fe content.