Regulation of the near-infrared absorbing property in the different spectral ranges has been a challenge for absorptive short-wave pass filters (ASPFs) to meet the increasing application demands. In this paper, the multi-layer ASPF with the film structure of substrate(quartz)/Si3N4/ Ag:1st/Si3N4/SiO2/Si3N4/Ag:2nd/Si3N4/W-WOx/SiO2 is designed and prepared by magnetron sputtering. We get an optimal spectral selectivity in that the transmissive band ranges from 380-700 nm with a peak transmittance of 72.9 %, and the absorptive band ranges from 700-1400 nm with a peak absorptance of 84.1 %. As the main part of the ASPF, the quasi-optical microcavity (QOM) is creatively constructed with the film structure of Ag:1st/Si3N4/SiO2/Si3N4/Ag:2nd/Si3N4/W-WOx, integrating the interference mechanism and surface plasmon resonance mechanism with the intrinsic spectral selectivity of the W-WOx and silver layers, achieving the good selective absorbing property. The absorptive band is widened from 700-1400 nm to 700–2500 nm by regulating the interference effect and the intrinsic property via changing the thickness of the W-WOx layer, realizing much more significant regulation. The optical property remains stable after heat treatment at 200 °C for 72 h in the air, showing better thermal stability than other ASPFs. The outdoor thermal insulation experiments show that the temperature of black paint under the ASPF is about 17 °C lower than that under quartz glass. The microscopic and optical mechanisms for regulating the optical properties have been analyzed in-depth, providing a new strategy for the development of ASPFs.