Structure Of Variant Research Articles

Heterogeneity of Cervical Cancer-Associated Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLSs) and Their Specific Interrelation With Clinicopathological Parameters.

The study investigates morphological variants of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in relation to cervical cancer development, from intraepithelial neoplastic lesions to invasive carcinomas with locoregional lymph node metastases. This retrospective analysis comprised 100 cervical cancer cases who had had total hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital of Timisoara, Romania, from 2020 to 2023. Bilateral ilio obturator lymphadenectomy and total hysterectomy were used to acquire biopsy samples. The presence of germinal centers, other stromal structures, TLS density, topography relative to the tumor lesion, and malignant cell islets are used to evaluate and classify TLS. We first globally evaluated the total number of TLSs (TLS.T). We observed topographically two places in the cervical stroma: TLS immediately peritumorally positioned and TLS away from tumor lesions. Invasive carcinomas have bigger superficial TLSs with a well-defined germinal center. As they approached the tumor, TLSs increased in size and density. We also detected a special type of TLS associated with nerve fibers, which we named tertiary lymphoid structures associated with nerves (TLS.N). The total number of TLSs did not correlate with age, but 85.71% of patients presenting TLS.N were aged between 59 and 72 years old. Our findings showed a strong correlation between age (postmenopausal, p = 0.005) and TLS-N presence. Similarly, TLS parameters evolved with tumor differentiation. Only in the TLS.N group did the tumoral grading (G) 3 correlate with TLS (p = 0.041), while TLS.T did not correlate with G. All TLS.N. patients, except one, had lymphovascular invasion and massive histiocytosis. On the first point, TLS.N correlated with lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.032). Tertiary lymphoid structures associated with nerves have not been previously reported in cervical cancer, and their effects on prognosis and aggression are unknown. There was a substantial association between TLSs.N presence and age over 60, suggesting it is exclusive to menopausal women. They were also substantially connected with lymphovascular invasion and G3, suggesting they may be a poor cervical cancer prognostic factor.

The particle dynamics around rotating charged black holes with Weyl corrections

In this article, particle dynamics around charged rotating black holes with Weyl corrections is discussed. First, the metric is studied for its horizon structure and scalar curvature invariants. The effects of Weyl corrections on circular motion of the particles is analyzed around central object. We have shown dependency of effective potential, energy, angular momentum and inner most stable circular orbits on black hole parameters. We have also determined center of mass energy expression for collision of two neutral particles. In the Penrose process of energy extraction, it has been found that efficiency is not that much higher as compared to the other modified rotating black holes.

Study on the relationship between structure and properties of electro-hydraulic positioning actuators

In this work, a novel perspective is proposed to develop schematics solutions for electro-hydraulic positioning actuators. The basis of the design approach has been established, which includes: a set of possible desired properties of actuators; a series of defined typical positioning methods; variants of schematic structures; a quantitative assessment method for specific properties based on influencing factors; the quantitative relationship between the structure and properties of actuators, as well as the method for overall evaluation of the actuator's performance based on the total score. The results obtained can serve as the basis for an effective design approach, which allows for reducing the number of iteration cycles while developing new electro-hydraulic positioning actuator schematic solutions.

“I Am a Football Player and/or a Girl”: Psychosemantics of Self-Consciousness among Teenage Female Football Players

Background. Women’s football (soccer), despite official recognition and growing popularity, is perceived as a gender-non-typical sport. This contradiction can be implicitly transmitted by society and acts as a condition of conflict in the self-consciousness of teenage female football players (TFFPs). In this study, the model of self-consciousness is defined as the semantic structures generated in the dialogic interaction “person – sociocultural environment”. Objective. Various options, including internally conflicting ones, for the content of self-consciousness in the context of both gender (girl) and professional sports (football player) are identified in comparison with the gender personality type of TFFPs. Design. The psychosemantic method of multiple identifications is used to assess self-consciousness in participants. Image-markers of self-identification in gender and professional sports semantics are assessed through verbal personal characteristics and non-verbal color-associative stimuli. Sample: 29 female football players aged 15 years who have been involved in pre-professional football for the last 5–7 years. Results. In TFFPs with androgynous and masculine gender personality types, self-consciousness is not conflicted; the image of a football player has masculine semantics. In TFFPs with a feminine gender personality type, self-consciousness is not conflicted due to the transformation of the image of a football player from traditionally masculine semantics to more feminine ones. TFFPs with an undifferentiated gender personality type are characterized by contradictions at the explicit and implicit levels of self-consciousness. Conclusion. The results confirm the concept of self-consciousness as a process of dialogical interaction between the self-image and images of the socio-cultural environment, as well as the possibility of its diagnosis as individual variants of psychosemantic structures.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELEMENTS OF MULTILAYER STRUCTURES ON THE EXAMPLE OF PAVEMENTS

The article is devoted to solving the urgent problem of improving the method of nondestructive testing of the condition of non-rigid road clothes. In addition to the previously developed approach to determining the mechanical parameters of materials of structural layers of nonrigid road coverings based on solving the inverse coefficient problem of restoring operational elastic modules providing specified displacement fields, an approach was developed that allows determining the parameters of energy dissipation in the structure of multilayer road pavement based on the correction of dynamic hysteresis loops recorded in the field and calculated using mathematical model of dynamic VAT. The article presents the results of numerical simulation of dynamic hysteresis loops for two different variants of multilayer structures. The possibilities of correcting the shape of hysteresis loops and their area by varying the tangents of the energy loss angles in layers of a multilayer medium and the elastic modulus of a homogeneous half-space are shown. The complex correction of the elastic modulus values of the structural layers of road clothes and the calculated loops of dynamic hysteresis made it possible to fully take into account the processes of energy attenuation at a distance from the point of application of the load. During the correction, it was found that the values of the elastic modulus of the road layers and the tangents of the loss angles in them have a complex effect on the areas of dynamic hysteresis loops and the nature of energy attenuation at a distance from the point of application of the load. At the same time, the elastic modulus of the underlying half-space is not limited in thickness to the greatest extent on the area of dynamic hysteresis loops (which led to an increase in the elastic modulus of the underlying half-space from 120 and 150 MPa for road construction variants with a reinforced and non-reinforced base to 170 and 160 MPa, respectively), and a decrease in the dissipated energy at a distance from the point of application This is primarily due to the tangent of the angle of energy loss in the half-space. The obtained values of the tangents of the loss angles are obviously related to the patterns of energy dissipation at the boundaries of the contacting layers of the pavement, and also take into account all possible anomalies and delaminations in the calculated structures. Within the framework of this article, calculated hysteresis loops on the surface of the pavement were obtained for the first time, the deformation energy was calculated based on their areas, and the possibility of their comparison with those registered experimentally was proved.

Dehumidification efficiency in the conditions of climate change in the Novgorod region

Agricultural production is closely related to natural and climatic factors, of which meteorological factors are the most variable and active. The analysis of climatic precipitation and temperature norms according to the data of 4 meteorological stations of the Novgorod region for the period 1891-2020 showed their steady increase, except for the Novgorod meteorological station, where the annual precipitation rate by 2020 decreased against the background of temperature growth. Analysis of the results of meteorological observations over the past 60 years has shown that there is a steady trend in the Novgorod region to increase the degree of humidification: the hydrothermal coefficient has increased from 1.36 to 1.46. This happened due to the excess of the increase in precipitation over the increase in temperature, so agricultural production of crop production is impossible without reclamation measures. The aim of the research was to gain new knowledge in the formation of soil moisture regimes under the influence of drainage reclamation in the conditions of climate change. In the Non-Chernozem zone, two main methods of drainage are common - a network of open channels and closed drains. Studies on the formation of soil moisture regimes were carried out during 2019-2021 on experimental production sites of closed and open drainage on 8 variants of structures. The conducted studies of the efficiency of the drainage systems of closed and open drainage allowed us to conclude that closed drainage systems better provide the water-air regime of the soil compared to open drainage: the period of soil being in a waterlogged state is 2 times shorter (50 days on open drainage structures and 25 days on closed drainage structures).The most optimal water-air regime of the soil among the options with closed drainage was provided by drainage systems with filling the drainage trench with wood chips, on which the range of moisture changes in the root-inhabited soil layer during 3 years of observation was closest to optimal and amounted to 210-114 mm. Among the options for open drainage are systems of runoff hollows in combination with cultivation strips.

Investigation of the dynamics of a three-layer shell structure of an elliptical cross-section under non-stationary dynamic loading

The dynamic behavior of a three-layer cylindrical structure of normal elliptical cross-section with a discrete polymer filler under the action of an internal non-stationary load was studied. Finite element models of the structure were created and deformations and normal stresses of its bearing layers were calculated. Variants of structures without polymer aggregate and with aggregate of different stiffness, reinforced with ribs, were considered. A comparative analysis of the deformations and stresses of the bearing layers at the ratio of the modulus of elasticity of the material of the bearing layers and the aggregate E1.2/Et=500 and E1.2/Et=50 is given. Finite elements of the Solid and Laminate types are used in the finite-element models. The calculations were carried out by the software and calculation complex Nastran using the direct transient dynamic process algorithm.

More Fixpoints! (Functional Pearl)

Haskell’s laziness allows the programmer to solve some problems naturally and declaratively via recursive equations. Unfortunately, if the input is “too recursive”, these very elegant idioms can fall into the dreaded black hole, and the programmer has to resort to more pedestrian approaches. It does not have to be that way: We built variants of common pure data structures (Booleans, sets) where recursive definitions are productive. Internally, the infamous unsafePerformIO is at work, but the user only sees a beautiful and pure API, and their pretty recursive idioms – magically – work again.

Psychometric properties and factor structure of the brief Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives among Spanish smokers from the general population

IntroductionThe brief version of the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (B-WISDM) is a well-established instrument to measure the multidimensional nature of nicotine dependence. However, no previous research has assessed its psychometric properties in the Spanish context. The aim of the present study was to analyze the factor structure and measurement invariance across gender of this instrument among Spanish smokers from the general population. MethodsThis cross-sectional study assessed 480 smokers through an online questionnaire including information on tobacco use and several nicotine dependence measures. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to assess the factorial structure of the Spanish B-WISDM, its internal consistency, measurement invariance across gender and convergent validity with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire (GN-SBQ) scores. ResultsResults indicate that the eleven correlated factors solution had a better fit when compared to the other tested models (two correlated factors and two second-order factors with eleven first-order correlated factors solution), remaining such structure invariant across gender. Internal consistency of the scale was high (α = 0.950; dimension α values ranged between 0.657 and 0.921). Overall scores and dimensions of the scale significantly and positively correlated with other nicotine dependence measures (except for Social/Environmental Goads and FTND). ConclusionsThis is the first version of the B-WISDM validated to assess nicotine dependence with a multidimensional perspective within the Spanish culture. Results show adequate psychometric properties regarding its factor structure and measurement invariance across gender, supporting its utility to evaluate the motives driving tobacco use among Spanish smokers from the general population.

Artificial Neural Network Models for Image Recognition

Image recognition is an important application of artificial intelligence. Due to the continuous development of chips and algorithms, this field has made great progress in the past decade. At the same time, AI based image recognition has been widely used in the emerging fields like robotics, autonomous vehicles, and surveillance cameras, and their demand for AI has promoted the development of image recognition technology. Resent research has found that the convolutional neural network model is particularly effective for image classification and detection and smaller convolution kernels with deeper network structures are conducive to improving the accuracy. However, problems such as overfitting and activation function gradient descent need to be solved during the operation process. The latest convolutional neural network model ResNet applies residual units to reduce the redundant calculations and improve the efficiency of the model. In general, different variants of convolutional neural network structures have different effects on image recognition, but regional convolutional neural network structures are preferred in engineering applications for its balance between processing speed and recognition accuracy.

Incidental Findings in Sports Imaging

This narrative review presents a series of cases of less common incidental findings discovered on magnetic resonance imaging of elite athletes, who have presented for investigation of either muscle or joint sports-related injuries or for presigning imaging. The presented incidental findings include anatomical variants of osseous structures and muscles; incidental bone lesions; examples of systemic disease, and nonorthopedic findings found within the imaging field of view. This review will emphasize to the reader about the importance of interrogating the imaging in its entirety and avoiding the common pitfall of “satisfaction of search” within diagnostic radiology.

Changing the Designs of Business Models of Wholesale Food Markets in the Context of the Transformation of the State Regulatory System

Wholesale food markets have always been in the focus of public administration, since they are an effective mechanism for regulating the movement of goods. This article examines the organizational, legal and economic conditions for the development of wholesale food markets on the example of 7 countries of the European and Pacific regions. The results of formalization of basic variants of business model structures that reflect the strategic priorities of the organization of the wholesale food market management system in the context of national food security strategies are presented. The modelling effects of each business model are determined and their adaptive abilities to changing environmental conditions are analyzed.

An End-to-End Localizer for Long-Term Topological Localization in Large-Scale Changing Environments

Long-term localization is an essential task for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), however, it suffers from scene changes due to various environmental conditions (e.g., lighting conditions, seasonal shifts, viewpoint changes or occlusions). In this paper, we propose a novel end-to-end localizer for robust long-term localization in changing environments. Firstly, a lightweight two-head place classification network is proposed, in which a place is regarded as a category. Considering seasonal changes lead to severe variants of local structures, large-sized filters in the first layer and a large-scale average pooling strategy are designed to focus regional context features of scenes. Motivated by the reward and punishment mechanisms in reinforcement learning, an incremental learning strategy is proposed to distinguish distinctive scenes for robust topological localization. Extensive experiments tested on three datasets whose collecting periods are over a year are utilized to validate the feasibility and performance of our method.

Cascading of Three-Conductor Modal Filters Based on Asymmetric Coaxial Structures and the Microstrip Line

A possibility of improving protective characteristics of transmission lines by cascading of multiconductor modal filters (MFs) with different geometric configurations is studied. Three-conductor MFs based on an asymmetric coaxial structure and a microstrip line and four variants of cascade structures consisting of two and three sections of such MFs are considered. Simulation of the time response to an ultrashort pulse (USP) and parametric optimization are performed. Attenuation of USP by a factor of 27.4 is achieved.

ANATOMICAL VARIANTS OF RETROTYMPANUM - AN ENDOSCOPICAL STUDY

Aim: Methodology: To describe and classify the anatomical variants of retrotympanic structures by using transcanal endoscopy approach. A cross-sectional study was conducted in The Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Government Medical college, Kota, (Raj.) from Jan. 2022 to June 2022. We reviewed 45 endoscopic ear surgery to explore anatomical variations in retrotympanum. The anatomy was documented photographically. The nal classication was tabularized and summarized. 7 cases of ext Results: ended cholesteatoma with bony erosion were excluded. Study was performed in remaining 38. Ponticulus showed high variability among the bony crests. Ridge shape being the most frequent presentation. The subcochlear canaliculus was 50% detectable indicating a connection to the petrous apex. Sinus tympani was mostly of normal shaped (type A). Rarely a type C or D was observed. The retrotympanum bears a high ana Conclusion: tomical variability. If it is affected by disease, the endoscopic approach offers prompt recognition of the disease extension due to the wide-angle view of the whole region and the possibility to use angled scopes which helps the surgeon to completely clean the region from disease. Using the endoscope in the middle ear recesses in cholesteatoma surgery, we may also reduce the residual cholesteatoma

Theory of electric, magnetic, and toroidal polarizations in crystalline solids with applications to hexagonal lonsdaleite and cubic diamond

Multipolar order in bulk crystalline solids is characterized by multipole densities -- denoted as polarizations in this work -- that cannot be cleanly defined using the concepts of classical electromagnetism. Here we use group theory to overcome this difficulty and present a systematic study of electric, magnetic and toroidal multipolar order in crystalline solids. Based on our symmetry analysis, we identify five categories of polarized matter, each of which is characterized by distinct features in the electronic band structure. For example, Rashba spin splitting in electropolar bulk materials like wurtzite represents the electric dipolarization in these materials. We also develop a general formalism of indicators for individual multipole densities that provide a physical interpretation and quantification of multipolar order. Our work clarifies the relation between patterns of localized multipoles and macroscopic multipole densities they give rise to. To illustrate the general theory, we discuss its application to polarized variants of hexagonal lonsdaleite and cubic diamond structures. Our work provides a general framework for classifying and expanding current understanding of multipolar order in complex materials.

Theoretical investigation of reactive burn in a highly cracked energetic material

While energetic material reactive burn processes such as the buildup to detonation are well understood for energetic materials like PBX 9501 that contain small amounts of porosity, the same is not true for highly cracked energetic materials. This work addresses this shortcoming by performing theoretical reactive burn calculations where thin submillimeter thick cracks permeating a PBX 9501 system are explicitly modeled. We use the Scaled Uniform Reactive Flow (SURF) model for the reactive burn calculations. Before considering highly cracked structures, we first show that SURF closely reproduces reactive burn experiments done on pristine and single air gap PBX 9501. For all cases of this investigation, a high-pressure shock is introduced by way of a high velocity impact to initiate a detonation in our cracked PBX 9501 structures. Using fully three-dimensional simulations and the physics code PAGOSA, we investigate the reactive burn process in cracked structures that have a propensity to have cracks either aligned with or orthogonal to the direction of wave propagation. While each crack structure has the same net crack porosity, we demonstrate that the reactive burn produced differs for the two cases. We also provide crack structure metrics, beyond porosity, that characterize the average crack orientation relative to the direction of wave propagation. Simulation results are provided for several variants of cracked structures. At the highest crack porosity studied here we observed the breakdown of stable detonation propagation. This high porosity case was achieved by doubling the average crack width, leaving all other features of the crack network unchanged. We conclude with a synthesis of our simulation observations to make general comments regarding how crack networks can affect points on the PBX 9501 detonation pop plot.

Environmental Literacy for Sustainable Development

The introduction of environmental literacy as a basic type of literacy into the global education system is a natural process. Attention to this indicator is increased when positioning environmental education as a platform for education for sustainable development. A sustainable society is an environmentally literate society which does not destroy the natural environment which sustains it. Comparison of ideas about the structure (invariants, frameworks) of ecological literacy reveals a great diversity of opinions. The article is devoted to the comparison of structural models of ecological literacy used abroad and offered in domestic pedagogy for ecological/environmental education for sustainable development. Different bases (criteria) for different authors distinguish components of ecological literacy are revealed. The author has divided them into two groups: with psychological and pedagogical criteria and with predominantly cultural grounds. It is concluded that psychological and pedagogical criteria of pedagogical literacy structure development are used in the variants of ecological education, focused on the formation of literacy as its main result. Culturological criteria of this pedagogical indicator began to be developed in ecological education, the aim of which is the formation of ecological culture. Comparison of different approaches to the selection of criteria for structuring environmental literacy as an indicator of environmental education for sustainable development has revealed both their common features and peculiarities. It has been determined that the common criteria of highlighted groups of criteria are: knowledge of ecology and environmental problems, cognitive skills as well as environmentally responsible (eco-friendly, biosphere-compatible) behaviour in the environment. The psychological-pedagogical framework of environmental literacy also includes sensual-emotional criterion and socio-political knowledge. Cultural framework of ecological literacy includes semiotic (language, signs, symbols) and axiological (value) components, as well as a component of solving contradictions of ecological consciousness, and subjective, or cultural-creative one. The conclusion is made, that the choice by a teacher-practitioner of this or that model of measurement of ecological literacy of students should correspond to the realized variant of ecological education, the purpose which is put in it.

Prevalence of the Onodi cell in the Polish adult population: an anatomical computed tomography study.

Onodi cell is a posterior ethmoid air cell with the optic canal bulging into it; the common position of the bulge is into the sphenoid sinus, usually immediately posterior to the posterior ethmoid air cells. Variable pneumatisation patterns lead to various structures of lamellae and sinuses occasionally exposing important nerves and vessels, such as the optic and vidian nerves, internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus. In clinical practice, special imaging techniques are used to navigate through the paranasal sinuses and hence avoid injury to these structures. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of the Onodi cell in the Polish population and compare it with other reported occurrences. A retrospective analysis of 296 computed tomography (CT) scans of patients treated in Krakow, Poland, using a Siemens Somatom Sensation 16 spiral CT scanner. No contrast medium was administered. The Onodi cell was found in 31 out of the 296 patients, or approximately 10.5%, consistent with the majority of research reporting on Onodi variants. Additionally, there was one presentation of a bilateral Onodi cell in a male patient. No statistically significant difference was found between the male and female populations with a positive identification of the variant (p = 0.095, Chi2 test). This study helped approximate the Onodi variant prevalence of 10.47%, falling within a commonly reported range 8-14%. This gives clinicians and surgeons a better understanding of this variant's structure and significance, and therefore an opportunity to improve treatment outcomes and research.

The study of a diagnostic model of mucogingival deformities using high-frequency ultrasound dopplerography

The aim of the study is to increase the effectiveness of diagnostics of microhemocirculatory changes in periodontal tissues in anatomical and functional disorders of the mucogingival complex, based on the use of the method of discriminant analysis of ultrasound opplerography. 187 patients aged 18-44 years (young age according to WHO) were examined without concomitant somatic pathology with various variants of anatomical structures of the mucous-gingival complex, which included an assessment of blood flow in periodontal tissues by ultrasound dopplerography at rest and during a functional test of the tension of the soft tissues of the upper and lower lip, cheeks using an opt-out. After qualitative and quantitative analysis of dopplerograms, an automated assessment of the microhemocirculation of the studied structures was performed, identifying differences between groups using step-by-step discriminant analysis with the study of several variables. Depending on the type of reaction to the sample, a model of the distribution of patients into separate groups based on the application of the discriminant analysis method is proposed. It was found that patients of all groups were classified statistically significantly (p<0.05) and the possibility of distributing patients according to the described criteria (the ratio of the maximum systolic blood flow rate along the mean velocity curve, Vas) to a specific class corresponding to the highest value of the function was proved. The proposed method for assessing the functional state of periodontal tissue vessels allows classifying patients with high accuracy and a minimum of the probability of false results, reliably assess the degree of existing functional disorders, determine the prognosis and further tactics of therapeutic and preventive measures and can be recommended for use in clinical practice.