Model Structural Equation Research Articles

CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM comparison in estimating the predictors of investment intention

This paper compares different structural equation modeling approaches in estimating the predictors of investment intention. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques were compared in the estimation of the model according to the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Additionally, the consistent PLS algorithm (PLSc) was taken into consideration in the methods comparison. To determine which factors affect stock investment intention, a TPB model with attitude towards behavior, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm as independent variables was estimated using three different approaches. The factors in the model were measured using survey indicators and the final sample included 200 Croatian residents. The results mostly show matching conclusions about the investment intention predictors, with a small difference observed in the PLS-SEM method. It can also be concluded that the factor loadings are higher according to PLS-SEM, as well as the indicators of convergent validity and reliability. On the other hand, CB-SEM shows stronger structural paths than PLS-SEM, and PLSc results are closer to those of CB-SEM. While CB-SEM shows better model fit, PLS-SEM shows high predictive power. This research further provides explanations of the differences and guidelines on when to use which approach.

An Investigation of the Relationship between Career Development; and Organizational Performance (Customer Perspective) with Dynamic Capability as Mediating Factor: A Case of the Ministry of Education in Zambia

This study sought to investigate the mediating role of dynamic capabilities on the relationship of career development with organizational performance (customer perspectives) in context of Public Service of the Ministry of Education of Zambia. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of career development on dynamic capabilities, assess the effect of dynamic capabilities on customer perspective, demonstrate the effect of career development on organizational performance (customer perspective) and validate the role of dynamic capability on the relationship between career development with organizational performance (customer perspective) in the Ministry of Education in Zambia. The study was founded on a positivist research philosophy and utilized a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The population consisted of 1288 secondary schools. Primary data was collected from 301 respondents using self-administered questionnaires selected using a proportional stratified sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were computed to describe the characteristics of the study variables and structural modeling equation analysis was conducted to determine the nature and magnitude of the relationships between variables. The findings revealed that career development positively and significantly affect the dynamic capabilities. Further, dynamic capabilities were found to have positive and significant effect on organizational performance (customer perspective). It was also revealed that sensing and transforming contributed positively and significantly to the relationship of career development with organizational performance in terms of customer perspectives. The results were also found to be consistent with the previous research on these constructs. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education should develop career development practices that could be implemented in rapid changing environment within the available resources. The Ministry of Education should also be aware of every change in the environment and develop deliberate policies to do with environmental scanning for organizational customer performance in relation to career development. The Ministry of Education should also take affirmative actions to help develop the other dynamic capabilities that would help in enhancing performance in the rapid changing environment.

The Influence Of Communication, Leadership Style And Organizational Culture On Job Satisfaction With Work Motivation As Intervening Variables At PT Hki Binjai Project Brandan Zone 2

The purpose of this study is to see the influence of communication, leadership style and organizational culture on job satisfaction with work motivation as an intervening variable in PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Project Binjai Brandan Zone 2. This research uses a quantitative approach, with statistical methods of path analysis. The population in this study is all contract and permanent employees of PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Project Binjai Brandan Zone 2 totaling 86 people. The sampling technique uses saturated samples so that the number of samples is 86 respondents. Partial Least Square (PLS) data analysis technique with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The results showed organizational culture, leadership style, communication, and motivation had no effect on job satisfaction. Leadership style variables have no effect on motivation, while organizational culture and communication affect work motivation. The results of the indirect influence test show that leadership style and organizational culture affect job satisfaction through work motivation as an intervening variable, and communication has no effect on job satisfaction through work motivation as an intervening variable.

Analysis of factors influencing carbon emissions of urban households: A case study of old urban community in northern China

AbstractCO2 emissions reduction of urban residents is one of the main ways to mitigate climate change. Clarifying the key factors of carbon emissions can provide a reference basis for the government to formulate carbon reduction policies. The old urban community that widely exist in most cities in northern China is taken as the research object. Based on the fuzzy interpretive structural model and structural equation model, a new method is proposed to explore the influencing factors of household carbon emissions (HCEs). It is found that behavior change attitude and low‐carbon personal cognition are the two most important factors affecting HCE. Elderly families, high‐income families, and low‐education families are the groups with higher per capita HCE. Different suggestions were proposed to promote HCE reduction for the high‐income young tenants and low‐income elderly local residents in the community. In addition, by introducing multi‐agent judgment, the coupling model proposed in this study reduces the subjectivity caused by excessive reliance on single agent judgment in previous studies. It enhances the credibility of research conclusions and provides a good methodological reference for research in similar fields.

Sikap Keuangan Dan Pengetahuan Keuangan Terhadap Kemampuan Keuangan: Peran Perilaku Keuangan Pada Sektor Usaha Produk Halal

Financial literacy is one of the important aspects for organizations to be able to manage their financial resources optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of financial attitude, financial knowledge, and financial inclusion on financial ability with financial behavior as a mediating variable. This study used a sample of 180 from Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the halal product business sector. The data processing technique used in this study is the structural model equation technique using the Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results showed that financial attitude has a positive effect on financial behavior, financial knowledge has a positive effect on financial behavior, financial behavior does not have a positive effect on financial capability, financial attitude does not have a positive effect on financial capability, financial knowledge does not have a positive effect on financial capability, financial behavior does not mediate the positive effect of financial attitude on financial capability, financial behavior does not mediate on the positive effect of financial knowledge on financial capability.

The Potential of Budget Participation and Dalihan Natolu Leadership Style to Improve Community Welfare in the Toba Caldera Tourism Geography Area

Objective: This research analyzes the determinants of budgetary participation's effect on financial performance through Dalihan Natolu's leadership style in 4 districts in the Toba Caldera region and conducts a descriptive economic analysis of social and economic indicators in 7 districts post-Regional Autonomy and Fiscal Decentralization. Analyze village category development using the village development index (IDM) in 7 Toba Caldera districts. Estimating economic development parameters in 7 Toba Caldera districts in North Sumatra. Method: This study uses a quantitative method with descriptive analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis in this study was carried out using frequency distribution analysis and inferential statistical analysis including: evaluation of the assumptions of the structure equation model (SEM), SEM analysis, model fit test and hypothesis testing. The data analysis technique in this study uses Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS is a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model with an approach based on variance or component-based structural equation modeling. This research was conducted in 4 (four) administrative districts located around the Lake Toba Tourism Area which in their kinship life absolutely adhere to the local wisdom of Dalihan Natolu, namely Toba Regency, Samosir Regency, North Tapanuli Regency, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. Conclusion : This quantitative study's findings Budget Participation Factor also affects Financial Performance moderated by Dahlian Natolu's Leadership Style, as shown by t statistics > t table (3,961 > 2,032). To strengthen this analysis, you can also use the P Value, with the condition p < 0.05, which shows 0.000 < 0.05. In 2019, the Human Development Index in 7 Toba Caldera Region Regencies measured Life Expectancy (UHH), Average Length of Schooling (RLS), and Expenditure Per Capita. In 2019–2020, the Toba Caldera Region's Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) is stable and led by Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries, Wholesale and Retail Trade, and Industrial Management. Karo Regency has the highest HDI and Humbang Ha Anglean the lowest. The comparative IPD for that year increased in 7 Toba Caldera Region Regencies from 2014 to 2018. Toba Caldera districts' Human Development Index (IPM) increases somewhat with GRDP per capita.

Impact of Employee Resilience and Job Engagement on Project Success: Mediating role of Innovative Work Behavior

This study aims to examine the impact of employee resilience and job engagement on project success, and the mediating role of innovative work behavior. The study draws on a sample of 170 from the population of 304 information technology (IT) companies in Lahore Pakistan to test the proposed hypotheses. Smart PLS statistical software has been used to calculate the structural modelling equation results for the subject study. The results indicate that both employee resilience and job engagement have a positive impact on project success. Furthermore, innovative work behavior partially mediates the relationship between employee resilience and project success, as well as between job engagement and project success. These findings highlight the importance of fostering employee resilience and job engagement to promote project success and the role of innovative work behavior in facilitating this relationship. Organizations can benefit from implementing strategies that enhance employee resilience and job engagement while promoting a culture of innovation to achieve project success.

DETERMINANT OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS: EVIDENCE FROM GEN Z IN INDONESIA

This study is aimed to determine the effect of stock influencers and consumer trust on investment decisions through perceived risk as moderating. The research in this study was a quantitative research used a non-probability sampling technique, by applying the quota sampling method to take a sample of 100 respondents. The data analysis technique in this study used Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS is a Structural Equation Model (SEM) equation model using an approach based on variance or component-based structural equation modeling. The results of this study are: (1) Stock influencers have a positive and significant effect on consumer trust. (2) Consumer trust has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions. (3) Consumer trust has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions. (4) Consumer trust has a positive and significant effect on investment decisions by moderating perceived risk. This shows that perceived risk can moderate the effect that the better or the worse a person's consumer trust will be, will affect one's investment decisions with perceived risk as moderating. Based on this description, further researchers can use qualitative approaches such as interviews to provide a stronger understanding of the factors that can influence investment decisions. Likewise for students, it is hoped that they can increase literacy regarding perceived risk so that they make decisions to invest more accurately.

The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Auditor Performance on Audit Quality with Integrity as a Moderating Variable

Good Corporate Governance or corporate govenance is a company’s effort to create a pattern of conducive ralationships between steakeholders in a company. Because a conducive relationship between these stakeholders is a prerequisite in realizing maximum company performance to support increasing company value. With the statement above, it is clear thah corporate governance is closely related to the value of a company and of course also closely related to financial performance within the company. This research goals to examine the effect of Good Corporate Governance and auditor performance on audit quality, with integrity as a moderating variable. The sample selection technique used in this study was a purposive sampling technique with 100 samples. The data collection method used is a questionnaire, by distributing questionnaires in public accounting firms (KAP). The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis in research is Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis, which is a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model with a variance approach or a component-based structural equation model. The results of the study show that good corporate governance, auditor performance influences audit quality. And also shows that integrity is able to moderate the performance of the auditor, which will affect audit quality. On the other hand, the research results show that integrity does not moderate Good Corporate Governance on audit quality.

How and when is boundary-spanning behaviour related to innovative behaviour: role of intrinsic motivation and organisational support

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the underlying boundary conditions under which boundary-spanning behaviour has a positive or negative effect on innovative behaviour.Design/methodology/approachA multi-wave and multi-source research design was adopted to collect data. Data were analysed using the multilevel structural equation modelling and latent moderated structural equation approach.FindingsThe results showed that boundary-spanning behaviour was significantly and negatively associated with employees' innovative behaviour via ego depletion when employees' intrinsic motivation or organisational support was low. Additionally, boundary-spanning behaviour was significantly and positively associated with employees' innovative behaviour via ego depletion when employees' intrinsic motivation or organisational support was high.Originality/valueThis research suggests that the consequences of boundary-spanning behaviour are conditional, explaining the contrasting conclusions in this regard.

The Effect of Community Empowerment on the Sustainability of Ecotourism Based Tourism through Moderation of Local Wisdom Variables in Bongkasa Village, Abiansemal District

This research aims to understand the role of local wisdom in mediating the relationship between community empowerment and sustainable tourism development. The study was conducted in Bongkasa Tourism Village, using a sample of 100 participants selected through stratified random sampling. The research employed the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The findings of this study indicate that local wisdom has a positive influence on sustainable tourism development. Community empowerment also has a positive influence on sustainable tourism development. Furthermore, the local wisdom of the community mediates the relationship between community empowerment and sustainable tourism development. The results of this research can serve as a reference for understanding and making decisions regarding the enhancement of the uniqueness of tourism villages in Bali and Indonesia as a whole.

The Influence of Competence, Social Interaction and Work Procedures on Work Motivation and the Implications for the Quality of Work of Regional Revenue Agency Employees of Muara Enim Regency

The author conducted research with the aim of knowing and analyzing the effect of competence, social interaction and work procedures on work motivation and the implications for the quality of work of employees of the Regional Revenue Agency of Muara Enim Regency. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method using questionnaires distributed to respondents. Test the quality of the data by using the validity test, reliability test. Analysis using Structural Modeling Equation (SEM) from software statistic AMOS. The results of this research are descriptive in order to describe the respondents' perceptions of each variable, it can be concluded that: Respondents' perceptions of employee competency variables at the Muara Enim Regency Regional Revenue Agency are relatively good. Respondents' perceptions of the Social Interaction variable of employees at the Regional Revenue Agency of Muara Enim Regency are relatively good. Respondents' perceptions of the Employee Work Procedure variable at the Muara Enim District Revenue Agency were relatively good. Respondents' perceptions of the employee work motivation variable at the Regional Revenue Agency of Muara Enim Regency are relatively good. Respondents' perceptions of the employee's work quality variable at the Muara Enim District Revenue Agency are relatively good. Factors that influence the work motivation of employees at the Muara Enim District Revenue Agency are competence and work procedures. Factors that influence the quality of work of employees at the Muara Enim District Revenue Agency are social interactions. The variable of work motivation is not a mediating/intervening variable that is good for competence, social interaction and work procedures on the quality of work at the Muara Enim District Revenue Agency.

Tacit knowledge acquisition and incremental innovation capability: Proximity perspective

Knowledge, especially tacit knowledge (TK), has become the most strategic resource for firms' innovativeness and competitiveness. However, most agricultural firms struggle to effectively manage TK to improve their innovation capability. This study aims to examine the relationships between firms’ proximity, including geographic proximity (GP), cognitive proximity (CP), social proximity (SP) and organizational proximity (OP), external tacit knowledge acquisition (ETKA) and incremental innovation capacity (IIC). The study also examines the mediating role of ETKA in the relationship between proximity dimensions and FFF's IIC. The paper draws on the theoretical framework of knowledge-based view and knowledge management (KM) and adopt structural modeling equation for research hypothesis testing. Primary data are collected between October and November 2021 through face-to-face interviews at 320 FFF level. The results reveal that SP and OP positively affect ETKA and IIC of FFF, while GP and CP failed. The evidence further shows that ETKA significantly improves FFF' IIC. The results also highlight the partial mediating effect ETKA. The study suggests that FFF owner-managers can improve ETKA and boost IIC by building and optimizing strong close relationships between FFFs based on trust and shared goals. The finding provides useful implications for policymakers and agricultural firms managers regarding the adoption of embedded open innovation paradigm based on proximity dimensions. This study extends the literature on agricultural innovation by providing evidence of the link between proximity-KM-IIC.

Blockchain Technology for Employment Healt Insurance Department: Adaptation Isues

Blockchain Technology for Employment Healt Insurance Department: Adaptation Isues

SELECTION OF THE BEST SEM MODEL TO IDENTIFY FACTORS AFFECTING MARKETING PERFORMANCE IN THE ICT INDUSTRY

The digital revolution in society and the advances in marketing practices create tremendous challenges for companies and even more so for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) service providers. They are faced with increasingly complex and rapidly changing market competition, knowing these problems can use SEM to form a research model and find out the relationship between latent variables and their indicators. The purpose of this study is to identify the best structural equation model that can describe Marketing Performance in the ICT Industry in Indonesia. The data used in this study is primary data obtained from the results of distributing offline and online questionnaires to 300 management levels working in the ICT Industry. The methods compared in this study are Covariance Based Structural Equation Modeling and Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that the best model to determine the factors that influence Marketing Performance in the ICT Industry in Indonesia is PLS-SEM with the goodness-of-fit model R2 for the latent variable Marketing Performance is 0.436. This shows that the accuracy of the variables CEM, DBI and DOE together in predicting MP variables is relatively weak. Based on the PLS-SEM model, it is found that Digital Operational Excellence is a mediator that can increase the influence of Customer Experience Management on Marketing Performance. Meanwhile, Digital Business Innovation has no significant effect in increasing the influence of Customer Experience Management on Marketing Performance. The novelty of this research is the development of the best SEM models (CB-SEM and PLS-SEM) in the field of Information and Communication Technology in Indonesia.

Neuropsychiatric inventory questionnaire scores are predictive of dementia progression

AbstractBackgroundIn ageing adults, the most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD pathogenesis involves the accumulation of beta‐amyloid (Aβ) protein aggregation in plaques and tau proteins in neurofibrillary tangles that are associated with a decreased number of synapses in the brain, altered neuronal function and cell death via neurotoxicity, as well as learning and memory deficits. Clinically, the presence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms that AD patients present with can be reliably measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPIQ). This study aims to explore the association between baseline mental health and the severity of AD progression.MethodTo measure baseline mental health, NPIQ scores were used while the change in deq was used to represent the severity of AD progression within the TARCC cohort. deq is a homolog of d, a reliable latent dementia proxy that represents cognitive correlates of functional status and is specific for distinguishing cases with AD from other dementia‐related presentations. Most crucially, the deq homolog has been adjusted for equivalence across ethnicities. Using stratified analysis and structured equation models, the association between baseline mental health and change in was investigated.ResultThe first model exploring NPIQ and the change in deq was only adjusted for baseline deq; it showed NPIQ explaining 19% of the variance in delta deq and was statistically significant at p = 0.016 for Non‐Hispanic Whites. With the second model, age, sex, and education were adjusted for in addition to baseline deq. NPIQ was shown to explain 25% of the variance in delta deq while being statistically significant at p = 0.037 for Non‐Hispanic Whites. This model was replicated in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort; NPIQ was shown to be predictive for delta deq at p = 0.013.ConclusionIn Non‐Hispanic Whites, worse baseline mental health has been shown to predict increased severity and progression of AD. This makes it a clinical therapeutic target with the possible benefit of impacting the course of AD in patients. The fascinating interplay between mental health and its relationship to Alzheimer’s disease should be studied further with an additional focus on ethnicity.

The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Learning on the Performance of Junior Enterprises

This study aims to develop a model that analyzes the influence of learning orientation (LO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as antecedents of performance in junior enterprises (JEs). To this end, a research model was developed and tested through a survey of a sample of 235 presidents of Brazilian Junior Enterprises. Through the Structural Modeling Equation (SME) technique, the effects of each of the variables on the performance of JEs were evaluated. The results indicate that both the EO and LO dimensions have a positive impact on the performance of this type of a company. Therefore, this study advances the understanding of the impact of strategic dimensions in a new context, as well as making direct contributions to these companies and other interested parties to use the results presented to support the construction of new strategies for improving performance.

High Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 Field Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study from Vietnam.

To evaluate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological disturbances in the Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) at COVID-19 field hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) to measure PTSD and the Depression Anxiety Stress scale (DASS) to measure other psychological disturbances. The anxiety about COVID-19 was evaluated by the fear of COVID-19 (FOC) scale. A self-developed questionnaire was used to assess work conditions and HCW's major concerns and preparedness. Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the severity of PTSD. A structural modeling equation (SEM) model was fitted to examine the correlation between PTSD and other psychological disturbances. A total of 542 HCWs participated in this study. The prevalence of PTSD was 21.2%, most cases were mild. In the ordinal logistic regression analysis, a history of mental illness, poor preparedness, working in a condition with poor resources, a greater number of concerns, and greater fear of COVID-19 were independently associated with higher severity of PTSD. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 46.8%, 38.3%, and 60.2, respectively. In the SEM model, PTSD and psychological disturbances had a strong correlation (standardized covariance 0.86). The prevalence of PTSD and other psychological disturbances was alarmingly high among HCWs who worked at COVID-19 field hospitals. The reported associated factors can be useful for policymakers and health authorities in the preparation for future pandemics.

Commercially available iodized salts in Noakhali, Bangladesh: Estimation of iodine content, stability, and consumer satisfaction level

The concentration of iodine in edible salt and its stability in different brands were evaluated in Noakhali district, Bangladesh using iodometric titration. Brand A and B had unacceptable amounts of iodine, whereas Brand C and D had appropriate amounts according to the Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institute (BSTI) standards. Iodine loss due to humidity and temperature gradually increased from 2 to 4 days for brands B, C, and D (slower in Brand A), and stabilizing after six days. The structural Model Equation (SME) revealed that, maternal education, family income, and consumer satisfaction level (CSL) positively affected different brands of salt use (p ≤ 0.05). These findings provide a clear understanding that, Iodine content in different Salt Brands available in the Noakhali region varies and decreases with exposure to air over time, as well as CSL towards different salt brands (Brand A-least satisfactory and Brand D-most satisfactory). CSL was about 2.35 and 4.19 times higher in Brand C and D due to having iodized salt with the satisfactory range of BSTI (p ≤ 0.05). The study emphasized that, care should be taken during the salt manufacturing and packaging process, distribution, and storage condition at the household level to ensure adequate intake of iodine.

Pengaruh Technology Acceptance Model Terhadap Intention To Use Dengan Kinerja Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Dalam Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi

A well-implemented accounting information system can generate reliable financial information for the company. The use of technology in accounting information systems in running a business should consider the usefulness and ease of its users so that the system becomes effective. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude Towards Use Against Intention to Use with performance as Moderation Variables. Research was conducted on staff and employees within the company in Medan City. The number of research samples as many as 77 people selected by the nonprobability sampling method. Data collection is done by questionnaire through google form and library studies that support this research. The method used in this study is to use the Structural Equation Model (SEM) equation using partial least square (PLS) tool version 3.0. PLS consists of external relationships (outer model) and internal relationships (inner model), cross loading > 0.7, Composite Reliability, Convergent Validity, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Based on the results of the analysis found that perceived usefullness, attitude towards using, perceived usefullness proved to have no positive effect on intention to use, while perceived ease of use variables had a positive effect on intention to use, perceived usefullness and perceived Ease of use has no moderate effect on performance and intention to use relationships, and while attitude towards using has a moderate effect on performance and intention to use relationships.