Structural Equation Techniques Research Articles

Sectorial evaluation and characterization of internal marketing orientation through multicriteria analysis

This research carries out a comparative analysis of the Internal Market Orientation (IMO) to a sample of small and medium enterprise companies, which has been divided into nine groups based on their business sectors. Applying the statistical technique of structural equations, the coefficients of four IMO inputs in each business sector are obtained. Next, the PROMETHEE multicriteria technique is applied to obtain a composite indicator of the IMO implementation of each business sector. The value of the composite indicator together with the GAIA plane allow to distinguish the differences of the IMO profiles, their strengths and their weaknesses. The results show the divergences in the IMO inputs according to the sector, which is evidence that the business sector is a predictor of the IMO implementation of a company.

Towards organisation 4.0. An empirical study

The Digital Transformation of firms is in an incipient stage despite being essential for competitiveness. Hence, the objective of the present study is to analyse which factors are important in the realisation of an Organisation 4.0. To this end we revise the literature to analyse the concept of Industry 4.0, identifying which technologies are necessary for this fourth industrial revolution, and the process of becoming an Organisation 4.0. A model is then proposed with the antecedent variables required for an Organisation 4.0, which include the roles of innovation, business intelligence and digital employees. The model is tested through a sample of 198 firms using the structural equations technique. Although technologies 4.0 have usually been considered as facilitators of innovation, the present study finds the opposite relationship, i.e. that innovation is a necessary antecedence for Organisation 4.0. It is also found that this stimulus is reinforced by Business Intelligence systems and that innovation strengthens the presence of digital employees. However, we have not been able to show how these digital employees contribute to the formation of an Organisation 4.0. More research is needed on the employee knowledge, skills and capabilities required for the implementation of an Organisation 4.0.

The influence of leadership styles on learning capacity and budget use: a study in agro-industrial cooperatives

Purpose: To investigate the influences of leadership styles on learning capacity and on the types of business budget use in agro-industrial cooperatives.
 Methodology: It is a descriptive investigation, characterized as quantitative, and as a survey, with the application of the statistical technique of structural equations modeling with partial least squares estimation using SmartPLS software.
 Results: It was possible to verify that (i) transactional leadership had a positive influence on the diagnostic use of the budget; (ii) organizational learning capacity as a mediator of transformational leadership in the interactive use of the budget presented the expected result; (iii) transformational leadership showed a positive meaning in organizational learning; (iv) organizational learning capacity had a positive meaning in the interactive use of the budget.
 Contributions of the Study: This research contributed to show that the manager's role goes beyond elaborating, applying and accompanying the organization. It is necessary to channel efforts or demand time for the management process, since the collaborators perceive their importance and contribute effectively when engaged with the organization in which they work; it was possible to verify that the style of the leader has a significant influence on the use of the referred tool and that this can be a great ally if well developed.

Wellness Programs, Perceived Organizational Support, and Their Influence on Organizational Performance: An Analysis Within the Framework of Sustainable Human Resource Management

The wellbeing of employee has become a challenge associated with working towards sustainable human resource management. This study, therefore, focuses on analyzing the role played by companies’ wellness practices as an important part of the social dimension of the “triple bottom line.” We hypothesize that these practices are linked to the employees’ perceived organizational support, and, simultaneously, to organizational performance, in addition to observing the mediating effects of job satisfaction and commitment. We tested the hypotheses by developing a questionnaire. The direct and mediating effects were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) structural equation technique. The results eventually obtained from 137 questionnaires provided evidence that wellness programs and perceived organizational support influence organizational performance, with mediating effects on job satisfaction and commitment. JEL Classification: L84, M12, M14

The Moderating Effect of the Use of Virtual Reality Technologies in the Branding of the Cultural Tourism Sector: An Analysis from the Brand Heritage

Brand heritage has become one of the most important emphases for companies as a response to the need to build a more diverse and multicultural society. Such is the case of Latin-American countries that see the importance of heritage as an important source for the development of the tourism market at the country level, specially making use of new information technologies. This is how this research aims to analyze the emotional factors (nostalgic experience, brand awe) that influence brand heritage and its effect on variables such as brand identity and purchase intention for the tourism sector. To achieve this purpose, the research uses a survey applied to 460 individuals who frequently attend cultural events and who have additionally made use of virtual reality platforms. For information processing, the structural equations technique is used. Among the main findings is that there is a direct and positive relationship between emotional factors and brand heritage. Likewise, it is found that there is a direct relationship between brand heritage and brand identity, however, no significance was found with purchase intention. Finally, it was found that the use of platforms such as virtual reality does have a moderating effect both with emotional factors.

Sikap Keuangan Dan Pengetahuan Keuangan Terhadap Kemampuan Keuangan: Peran Perilaku Keuangan Pada Sektor Usaha Produk Halal

Financial literacy is one of the important aspects for organizations to be able to manage their financial resources optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of financial attitude, financial knowledge, and financial inclusion on financial ability with financial behavior as a mediating variable. This study used a sample of 180 from Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the halal product business sector. The data processing technique used in this study is the structural model equation technique using the Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results showed that financial attitude has a positive effect on financial behavior, financial knowledge has a positive effect on financial behavior, financial behavior does not have a positive effect on financial capability, financial attitude does not have a positive effect on financial capability, financial knowledge does not have a positive effect on financial capability, financial behavior does not mediate the positive effect of financial attitude on financial capability, financial behavior does not mediate on the positive effect of financial knowledge on financial capability.

The moderating effect of the use of virtual reality technologies in the branding of the cultural tourism sector: an analysis from the brand heritage

One of the main concerns of many countries is the maintenance of their cultural expressions over time. Since these expressions allow for defining the most deeply rooted characteristics of the identity of both nations and people in this way, the purpose of this research is to analyze the moderating effect of the use of virtual reality technologies in the relationship between the different categories of cultural branding and the brand heritage in the cultural tourism sector of a country. To achieve this purpose, using the technique of structural equations allows for finding both direct and indirect relationships between the factors that affect the brand heritage of a country. The sample considered the perceptions of 460 individuals who frequently attend cultural events and who have used event advertising with virtual reality. Within the different results, it was found that there is a direct and positive moderation effect in the relationships between the different cultural branding categories and the brand heritage. On the other hand, while the social and personal brand identities have a positive effect on the brand heritage, the branding equity and brand awe not significant in traditional channels, unlike the virtual reality.

ORGANIZATIONAL SILENCE, ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST, AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

Organizational silence limits the effectiveness of organizational decisions and change processes. This is a problem that is currently plaguing organizations, and it causes most organizations to suffer from very little employee comments and opinions that can reduce the effect of organizational trust on organizational commitment. Therefore, the present research investigates the mediating role of organizational silence and its dimensions including; Deviant silence, Disengaged silence, Diffident silence, Defensive silence, Relational silence, and Ineffectual silence in the effect of organizational trust on organizational commitment. The method of collecting information was a standard questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes 75 experts of Automotive Company in Iran. The questionnaire was distributed among 75 people and finally 70 questionnaires were returned healthy and analyzable. For the statistical analysis in the inferential statistics section of the research, all the analyses were done using the structural equation technique and the partial least squares method with the help of SMART PLS software. The results of data processing showed that relational silence, diffident silence, and deviant silence play a mediating role in the effect of organizational trust on organizational commitment. Other research results did not confirm the mediating role of defensive silence, ineffectual silence, and disengaged silence in the effect of organizational trust on organizational commitment. The results of the research can be used for automotive company's managers to identify the types of silences that exist in the organization and increase the organizational trust and commitment of company employees

Are Local Product Consumption Habits Influenced by Extreme Situations? A Case Study of Wine During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This work looks into the effects that extreme situations have on the consumption of local products. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in consumer behavior where food and especially local produce are concerned. To explain these changes, we used the Goal-Framing Theory as an overarching framework for other approaches such as the Theory of Planned Behavior and the ABC Model, including the effect of consumer resilience to adversity. The research applied to local wine and involved a sample of 762 consumers from the Canary Islands. The hypotheses were tested using the PLS structural equation technique. The main results confirm that there is a change in behavior toward greater consumption of local wine due to the impact of said pandemic, mainly motivated by consumer resilience to adversity and attitude toward the local product, also influencing the personal norm.

The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Learning on the Performance of Junior Enterprises

This study aims to develop a model that analyzes the influence of learning orientation (LO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as antecedents of performance in junior enterprises (JEs). To this end, a research model was developed and tested through a survey of a sample of 235 presidents of Brazilian Junior Enterprises. Through the Structural Modeling Equation (SME) technique, the effects of each of the variables on the performance of JEs were evaluated. The results indicate that both the EO and LO dimensions have a positive impact on the performance of this type of a company. Therefore, this study advances the understanding of the impact of strategic dimensions in a new context, as well as making direct contributions to these companies and other interested parties to use the results presented to support the construction of new strategies for improving performance.

The effect of relationship marketing towards switching barrier, customer satisfaction, and customer trust on bank customers

Basically, relationship marketing focuses more on creating customer value through interaction with customers to get information regarding evaluation of customer needs and expectations on an ongoing basis. Interaction with customers must be conducted, because customer involvement can increase customer value, so that the company can meet their expectations and needs. Furthermore, customer satisfaction, customer trust, and customer retention can be influenced by the implementation of a relationship marketing strategy. This study aims to examine and analyze the correlation between relationship marketing variables to switching barriers, customer satisfaction, customer trust and customer retention. Regarding to the objectives and study hypotheses, structural equation technique (SEM) is considered as relevant to be used. The population in this study was BNI customers who are members of BNI Emerald in East Java Province. The sample was obtained based on the top five BNI branches. Furthermore, the sample was determined by area proportional random sampling based on branches with a total sample of 141 respondents. Based on the study results, it is concluded that the effect of Relationship Marketing on Switching Barriers, Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Trust is positively significant. As a result, relational marketing is positioned as the primary exogenous variable to be investigated in conjunction with other relevant factors, such as switching barrier variables, customer happiness, customer trust, and customer retention. Customer satisfaction has a considerable positive impact on customer trust, indicating that the better the customer satisfaction, the higher the customer trust. Customer satisfaction has a positive and considerable impact on customer retention, indicating that the better the customer satisfaction, the higher the customer retention.

The Effect of Employee Silence on Turnover Intention, with Burnout As a Mediation Variable and Coworker Support As a Moderating Variable

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of Employee Silence to Turnover Intention by exploring the role of mediation Burnout which is moderated by Coworker Support which is designed using a survey design with a survey tool that uses a questionnaire and is distributed online. Respondents in this study were selected using the method convenience sampling with the criteria of generation Z employees who work in the mining industry in Indonesia, which are then analyzed using a structural equation technique, namely SEM PLS. The research results reveal that employee silence cause burnout resulting in increased withdrawal behavior and intention turnover intention of generation Z who work in the site office and head office; burnout mediate this direct relationship. In addition, as well as with coworker support can support the relationship between employee silence and turnover intention. This study can help managers to realize that employee silence have an influence on turnover intention from generation Z, and also helps managers identify the psychological consequences of employee silence.

The impact of ICT and knowledge management on open innovation: Empirical evidence from Mexico

In the last few decades in the business environment, a shift from closed innovation to open innovation has been identified in organizations. The objective of the study is to explain some antecedents of open innovation (OI) by analyzing two relevant constructs in the current context of the environmental dynamism of organizations. One of the primary purpose of this study to enable the manufacturing industry to understand what strategies are required to foster open innovation within their organizations. A research model that integrates sociodemographic data, corporate information and measuring scales to evaluate the relationships raised through multivariate analysis in 290 Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is incorporated. The model uses an instrument with 23 items on the Likert scale. For data analysis, it was applied to managers or owners who have firsthand knowledge of the company. The structural equation technique was used with the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. The results indicate that ICT operations have a positive and significant impact on KM. Evidence exists that there is a positive and significant relationship between KM and OI. The study contributes to the background knowledge that impacts OI in a sector such as manufacturing SMEs in an emerging country (Mexico). It concludes the need to use ICT in the company's value chain operations to have the necessary information input for KM that allows the development of OI inbound and outbound practices.

The Effect of the Knowledge Management Processes Capability on Innovation Activities in the Mexican Industry

Mexican industrial organizations focus their efforts on the development of new products and processes, including breakthrough technology. Few studies have focused on the analysis of this corporate effort. After an in-depth theoretical review, it has been detected that most of the research has been based on the study of knowledge management along its dimensions, and there has been no research that incorporates the capabilities of the knowledge management process and its effect on two activities that generate innovation. With the application of a Likert scale-type instrument to 279 industrial companies in Mexico, it was detected that there is a relationship and influence between the dimensions of knowledge acquisition (KAC), knowledge updating (KUP), knowledge protection (KP), knowledge conversion (KC) and knowledge application (KAP) in innovation-generating activities, such as research and development (R&D) and technology acquisition (TA). This was analyzed by the partial least squares (PLS) structural equation technique. Finally, it is important to highlight the contribution that the results of the study have in possible future research that can be carried out, for example, the analysis of the protection of knowledge and its impact on the industry of other countries.

Designing the model of men's violence against women based on religious orientation and mental health, considering the mediating role of gendered educational style and cognitive emotion regulation styles

Background and objectives: Family is a center for affection and an environment for friendship and kindness among family members. However, the occurrence of violence in the family by one of the members towards others disrupts this function. This study investigated the relationship between religious orientation, cognitive styles of emotion regulation, gendered educational style and men's mental health is affected by violence against women. Materials and methods: The statistical population included the married men who referred to medical centers in Qazvin city; among whom, 300 people were selected through convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were Alport's Religious Beliefs Questionnaire, Keys' Mental Health Questionnaire, Mohseni Tabrizi's Domestic Violence Questionnaire, and Garnevsky's cognitive regulation of emotion. For descriptive analysis of data, central tendency and dispersion were used. The obtained data were analyzed in two descriptive and inferential statistics parts, using SPSS20 and Lisrel 8.80 software. The structural equations technique was used to implement the conceptual model of the research and hypothesis testing. Ethical considerations: Because the questions related to marital relations are private, it was attempted to use Iranian-Islamic questionnaires. Findings: Religious orientation, mental health, gendered educational style, and men’s cognitive emotion regulation styles have a positive relationship with violence against women.

The Role of Epistemological Belief and Self Regulation in Academic Procrastination of Muslim College Students

The study on academic procrastination can help educators and educational developers in avoiding the lack of success and even failure in the educational process. This study aims to examine the effect of belief about knowledge, belief about learning, and self-regulation in learning on academic procrastination. This quantitative study involves 277 college students. The data collection technique used in this study is a questionnaire in the form of a scale. There are four types of scales used in the data collection process: the scale of belief about knowledge, the scale of belief about learning, the scale of self-regulation in learning, and the scale of academic procrastination. Data analysis technique using structural equation technique. The results show that belief about knowledge has an effect on self-regulation in learning (r = 0.157, p = 0.028), belief about knowledge affects academic procrastination (r = -0,157, p = 0.000), belief about learning affects self-regulation in learning (r = 0.199, p = 0,040), belief about learning affects academic procrastination (r = -0.147, p = 0,019), and self-regulation in learning affects significant negatively to academic procrastination (r = -0.097, p = 0,030).

Mapping intrapreneurship through the dimensions of happiness at work and internal communication

Mapping intrapreneurship through the dimensions of happiness at work and internal communication

초급부사관의 군 인성과 조직몰입의 관계에서셀프리더십의 매개효과

This study, we investigate the mediation effect of the self-leadership in the relation between military character and the organizational commitment for junior NCOs(Non Commissioned Officers). This research target was 684 junior NCOs in the 00 unit located in Jeonbuk. The data was analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 and mediation effects were verified using structural equation techniques (Muthén & Muthén, 2010). First, as a result of correlation analysis of major variants showed the military character statically significantly and significantly correlated the organization commitment and the self-leadership. Also Self-leadership and organizational immersion appeared statically and significantly. Second, it was found that self-leadership mediates the relationship between military character and organizational commitment. These results mean that military character directly affect and increases theorganization commitment through the self-leadership. Therefore, it is suggested that there is a need for improving the education of the self-leadership and the military character in order to increase the organizational of junior NCOs.

The Vicious and Virtuous Facets of ICU Structure

Background: In the provision of medical facilities, intensive care units are very critical and it seems almost difficult to use the new therapeutic strategies without Intensive Care Unit (ICU). There are two types of ICU structure, known as the open or closed model. The aim of this study was to assess the variables driving the selection of the appropriate ICU management structure and modeling of the appropriate ICU management structure.Methods: This descriptive-exploratory study was performed among all resident doctors, consultants, therapists and neurosurgeons, ICU specialists, internal medicine specialists, respiratory diseases specialists, heads of associated units and head nurses, neurosurgery ICU workers and staff, and doctors of the Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2018. The influence of independent variables on dependent variables and the effect of observed variables on latent variables were tested using the Structural Equation Technique (SEM technique) and the data collected in the LISREL program was analyzed.Results: This research included one hundred persons, including 91 men and 9 women. The factors affecting the performance and structure of the ICU were structural context (including open, semi-closed, and closed structure), organizational context, strategic context, treatment economics context, processes, and quality improvement.Conclusion: There is a good association between quality management and the application of the closed system of the ICU and each of the organizational, strategic, care economics, and processes factors.

The Impact of Absorptive Capacity on Innovation: The Mediating Role of Organizational Learning.

Although the relevant literature has already demonstrated the impact that absorptive capacity has on companies’ innovation capacity, we have found few studies that analyze the role of learning capability in this relationship. The main objective of this study was to examine the role of organizational learning in this relationship. For this purpose, a quantitative research approach was used. A total of 306 valid questionnaires were obtained from small and medium-sized Spanish companies in different sectors. The collected data were analyzed using the multivariate Partial Least Square (PLS) quantitative structural equation technique. According to the result, absorption capacity turns into innovation mainly when learning capacity is involved in this process. This study provides empirical evidence of this relationship and fills this gap. It can also help organizations understand and clarify what would be the most appropriate way in to manage knowledge to improve their innovation levels.