Unified Modeling Language Research Articles

Information System for Managing Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Bogoharjo Village with DevOps Method

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to build a Bogoharjo Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) Business Unit Management Information System to facilitate BUMDes managers in managing business units and providing available services to the community online. Methods: The method used in this research is the DevOps method with the stages of plan, code, build, test, release, deploy, operate, and monitor. System design uses UML (Unifed Modeling Language), namely flowchart, use case diagram, activity diagram, class diagram, and sequence diagram. System development using the Laravel framework. Results: The results showed that expert validation with an average percentage by content expert validation of 89% and media expert validation of 84% so that the BUMDes Management Information System (Village-Owned Enterprises) in Bogoharjo Village with the DevOps Method was very feasible to use. While the results of the practicality trial using 25 respondents produced an average percentage of 89% with a very practical category. Thus, the BUMDes Management Information System (Village-Owned Enterprises) in Bogoharjo Village with the DevOps Method is very practical to use. Novelty: The novelty of this research is used to assist BUMDes managers in managing data or providing information related to the BUMDes itself. In addition, BUMDes management becomes more organized and structured so that services to the community become more effective and well managed.

OCLVerifer: Automated Verfication of OCL Contracts in Requirements Models

Object Constraint Language (OCL) is one lightweight formal specification. Integrated within the Unified Modeling Language (UML) standard, it serves as a cornerstone in requirements modeling, enjoying widespread adoption across various domains. OCL can precisely define the pre- and post-condition of system operations and system invariants. While OCL provides a simple yet expressive syntax, it lacks clarity in mapping Object-Oriented (OO) concepts, such as object states, object links, and object attributes. This ambiguity makes it challenging for OO developers to identify errors in requirements. In this paper, we propose an approach named OCLVerifier, which can automatically detect the requirements errors of OCL, such as conflict, redundancy, and failure error. OCLVerifier first transforms OO contracts and detection patterns into SMT formulas and then proves them by using a SMT solver. Finally, the results are mapped to the original OCL contracts to display detailed error type and location information. To evaluate OCLVerifier, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of four case studies. Experimental results indicate that OCLVerifier successfully identifies 65.5% of error cases, with each identified case offering accurate error location information. Compared with human experts, OCLVerifier can reduce evaluation time by 80.8% while enhancing repair accuracy by 18%. The results are satisfactory, and the proposed approach can be further extended to the software industry for requirements verification.

Integrating session recording and eye-tracking: development and evaluation of a Chrome extension for user behavior analysis

The subject of this article is the development, implementation, and evaluation of a Chrome extension designed to record and replay web sessions using integrated eye-tracking data. The goal is to develop a tool that enhances user interaction analysis by combining session recordings with eye-tracking capabilities. The tasks to be solved are as follows: create a functional Chrome extension that utilizes rrweb for session recording and WebGazer.js for eye tracking; implement features, such as session recording, replay with eye-tracking data overlays, and session management; and provide options for exporting and importing recorded sessions. The methods used are: architectural modeling using UML diagrams to design the system architecture, software engineering techniques for developing the extension, integration testing to ensure the smooth operation of combined features, and data preprocessing techniques to prevent redundancy and reduce noise in eye-tracking data. Additionally, a structured user study with detailed questionnaires combining both Likert-scale questions and open-ended responses and feedback analysis were conducted to evaluate usability and gather feedback. The following results were obtained: the extension was successfully developed and evaluated with 25 participants aged 18–35 years in a controlled environment. High usability ratings were obtained, with an average score of 4.5 out of 5 for the session recording, replay, and session management features. However, the eye-tracking feature received a lower rating of 3.8 out of 5 due to occasional inaccuracies in the eye-tracking data. The qualitative feedback indicated the usefulness of the eye-tracking feature and highlighted the need for improved data accuracy. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the integration of session recording and eye tracking within a Chrome extension, which represents a novel and comprehensive tool for user interaction analysis on the web. The tool's ability to capture both behavioral data and visual attention without requiring website code modifications is particularly valuable for researchers, marketing specialists, UI/UX designers, and product developers. The usability study and feedback analysis provided a clear direction for future improvements, including enhancing the eye-tracking accuracy and integrating advanced analytics and customizable reporting options. Future work will also explore the integration of machine learning algorithms to automatically analyze recorded data to provide deeper insights and actionable recommendations.

Open-Source Data Formalization through Model-Based Systems Engineering for Concurrent Preliminary Design of CubeSats

Market trends in the space sector suggest a notable increase in satellite operations and market value for the coming decade. In parallel, there has been a shift in the industrial and academic sectors from traditional Document-Based System Engineering to Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) combined with Concurrent engineering (CE) practices. Due to growing demands, the drivers behind this change have been the need for quicker and more cost-effective design processes. A key challenge in this transition remains to determine how to effectively formalize and exchange data during all design stages and across all discipline-specific tools; as representing systems through models can be a complex endeavor. For instance, during the Preliminary design (PD) phase, the integration of system models with external mathematical models for simulations, analyses, and system budgeting is crucial. The introduction of CubeSats and their standard has partly addressed the question of standardization and has aided in reducing overall development time and costs in the space sector. Nevertheless, questions about how to successfully exchange data endure. This paper focuses on formalizing a CubeSat model for use across various stages of the PD phase. The entire process is conducted with the exclusive use of open-source tools, to facilitate the transparency of data integration across the PD phases, and the overall life cycle of a CubeSat. The paper has two primary outcomes: (i) developing a generic CubeSat model using Systems modeling language (SysML) that includes data storage and visualization through the application of Unified modeling language (UML) stereotypes, streamlining in parallel information exchange for integration with various simulation and analysis tools; (ii) creating an end-to-end use case scenario within the Nanostar software suite (NSS), an open-source framework designed to streamline data exchange across different software during CE sessions. A case study from a theoretical academic space mission concept is presented as the illustration of how to utilize the proposed formalization, and it serves as well as a preliminary validation of the proposed formalization. The proposed formalization positions the CubeSat SysML model as the central data source throughout the design process. It also supports automated trade-off analyses by combining the benefits of SysML with effective data instantiating across all PD study phases.

PEMANFAATAN UML (UNIFIED MODELING LANGUAGE) DALAM PERANCANGAN SISTEM REKAM MEDIS SEDERHANA PADA KEGIATAN POSBINDU PTM ARSO III

The Integrated Non-Communicable Diseases Development Post (Posbindu NCD) is a form of health empowerment and public knowledge about non-communicable diseases that have a greater risk. In this Posbindu NCD, of course there are activities and steps that have been determined. The purpose of this study was to determine the concept of Posbindu NCD itself and the use of UML (Unified Modelling Language) to develop a simple medical record information system. The use of UML is done because in the characteristics of UML there is the possibility of identification of any objects that affect the system. The research method used is literature review and interviews with cadres on duty. Meanwhile, the journal criteria used are in the 2011- 2020 range. The results of this study indicate that Posbindu NCD is very useful for early detection of non-communicable diseases and the use of UML to develop a simple medical record information system is very efficient.)

Unobtrusive Monitoring of Clinical Deterioration in Smart Homes.

Clinical deterioration (CD) is the physiological decompensation that incurs care escalation, protracted hospital stays, or even death. The early warning score (EWS) calculates the occurrence of CD based on five vital signs. However, there are limited reports regarding EWS monitoring in smart home settings. This study aims to design a CD detection system for health monitoring at home (HM@H) that automatically identifies unstable vital signs and alarms the medical emergency team. We conduct a requirement analysis by interviewing experts. We use unified modeling language (UML) diagrams to define the behavioral and structural aspects of HM@H. We developed a prototype using a SQL-based database and Python to calculate the EWS in the front end. A team of five experts assessed the accuracy and validity of the designed system. The requirement analysis for four main users yielded 30 data elements and 10 functions. Three main components of HM@H are the graphical user interface (GUI), the application programming interface (API), and the server. Results show the possibility of using unobtrusive sensors to collect smart home residents' vital signs and calculate their EWS scores in real-time. However, further implementation with real data, for frail elderly and hospital-discharged patients is required.

A Proven Translation from a UML State Machine Subset to Timed Automata

Although Unified Modeling Language (UML) state machines constitute a convenient modeling formalism that is widely used in many applications, the lack of formal semantics impedes carrying out automatic processing, such as formal verification. In this article, we aim to achieve a proven translation from a subset of UML state machines to timed automata. A generic abstract syntax is defined for state machines that allows us to specify state machines as a tree-like structure, explicitly illustrating the hierarchical relationships within the model. Based on this syntax, a formal asynchronous semantics for state machines and systems of state machines is established. Additionally, the semantics of timed automata is specified. Then, a translation relation from the considered set of state machines to timed automata is defined and a strong equivalence relation — namely, a timed bisimulation between the source and target models — is formally proven. The proof is carried out inductively while considering continuous (time) and discrete transitions separately. This proof allows us to demonstrate a strong similitude between these models.

A Study on Hybrid Power Plant (Solar & Biomass)

We have designed an on-grid hybrid power plant that combines solar and biomass energy sources. The solar plant has a capacity of 6 MW, and the biomass plant has a capacity of 2 MW. The hybrid solar-biomass power plant is still a recent renewable technology. It is an ongoing investigation that not only proposes dispatchable power generation but also benefits from having a flexible input source, including solar and bioenergy. We aimed to successfully design a hybrid project using proper analysis, to reduce the cost of power generation through a grid-connected hybrid system, while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We used PVsyst software to simulate the solar plant and created the PV mounting structure and Single Line Diagram (SLD) using AutoCAD software. We have used Microsoft Excel software to carry out the cost analysis. We also calculated how much biomass waste and gas the biomass plant will need. We have been able to successfully design our hybrid power plant and, at the same time, reduce the power generation cost comparatively. The hybrid system design has made it possible to ensure the most convenient arrangement of electricity.

Helicopter Turboshaft Engines’ Gas Generator Rotor R.P.M. Neuro-Fuzzy On-Board Controller Development

The work is devoted to the helicopter turboshaft engines’ gas generator rotor R.P.M. neuro-fuzzy controller development, which improves control accuracy and increases the system’s stability to external disturbances and adaptability to changing operating conditions. Methods have been developed, including improvements to the automatic control system structural diagram which made it possible to obtain the system transfer function in the bandpass filter transfer function form. The work also improved the fuzzy rules base and the neuron activation function mathematical model, which significantly accelerated the neuro-fuzzy controller training process. The transfer function frequency and time characteristics analysis showed that the system effectively controlled the engine and reduced vibration. Methods for ensuring a guaranteed stability margin and the synthesis of an adaptive filter were studied, which made it possible to achieve the system’s high stability and reliability. The results showed that the developed controller provided high stability with amplitude and phase margins, effectively compensating for changes in external conditions. Experimental studies have demonstrated that the control quality improved by 2.31–2.42 times compared to previous neuro-fuzzy controllers and by 5.13–5.65 times compared to classic PID controllers. Control errors were reduced by 1.84–2.0 times and 5.28–5.97 times, respectively, confirming the developed neuro-fuzzy controller’s high efficiency and adaptability.

Wave propagation in tailored metastructures consisting of elastic beams and rigid bodies.

This paper presents a study of wave propagation through an infinite periodic structure that consists of elastic Timoshenko beams interconnected with rigid bodies. This is a generalized approach in which the beams are not coaxial and the centre of mass of each rigid body is placed away from the intersection of their neutral axes. An analytical approach is used by applying the transfer matrix method (TMM), along with the Floquet-Bloch theorem for elastic wave propagation. Subsequent parametric analysis is performed with visualization of resulting band diagrams of a representative structure. These results are verified through comparison with solutions obtained using the finite-element method (FEM). In this manner, a comprehensive dynamical analysis of tailored metastructures is provided.This article is part of the theme issue 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'.

Stability of Single-Channel Homing Rolling Aerospace Vehicle

This paper aims to analyze the stability of a special class of single-channel slow-rotating homing missiles using the Frank–Wall stability criterion. To achieve this, starting from the model of a slow-rolling missile with six degrees of freedom (6 DOFs) in the body frame, a 6-DOFs model in the Resal frame is obtained, which is used to linearize the coupled commanded motion. Based on the linearized model, we obtain the structural scheme of the commanded object and define the flight quality parameters. The obtained linear model has a complex representation (with real and imaginary parts) due to the coupling between longitudinal channels for the rolling missile. Then, the kinematic guidance equations, the seeker equations and the actuator relations using a switching function, specific to the slow-rolling single-channel missile, are defined. The guidance kinematic equations, the seeker equations and the actuator model are linearized in the Resal frame, and the structural diagram of the homing missile is constructed. Starting from this, the characteristic polynomial having complex coefficients is determined and then analyzed with the Frank–Wall stability criterion. Based on the analysis, a stability range is determined for the navigation constant (k), and a minimum and possibly a maximum limit for the time to hit the target tgo is obtained. The stability range defined for the navigation constant in the linear model is finally validated in the nonlinear model in the body frame.

Implementation of Employee Attendance with Face Recognition using Waterfall Method in Solo Technopark

In the Business and Technology Incubator Division at Solo Technopark, the existing attendance system presents significant challenges, requiring employees to physically commute to a centralized attendance machine. This process not only reduces work efficiency and productivity but also disrupts the daily workflow, particularly under unfavorable weather conditions or during peak hours. To address these issues, this research proposes the development of an attendance system based on facial recognition technology. This system enables employees to register their attendance directly from their desks using the camera on their laptops, thereby conserving time, reducing physical contact, and enhancing overall workplace hygiene. The system's development follows the Waterfall Method, which is structured into five key stages: communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. Unified Modeling Language (UML) was employed to design the system, which was subsequently implemented for real-time monitoring and management. The findings demonstrate a marked improvement in employee efficiency and productivity, validating the system's effectiveness in a practical setting. The study underscores the potential of facial recognition technology to streamline operational processes and improve the working environment within modern organizations.

An Integration Method of UML Diagrams and Arduino UNO for Developing Water Pollution Detection System

Despite the scientific and health development in the world, water pollution can pose a threat to human health, whether the pollutants are biological or chemical. In addition, traditional methods of water pollution detecting require high costs, and take time. Due to the importance of water for human life, drinking, irrigation, or for use in industry etc. Thus, reliable methods for water contamination detecting are a crucial issue.This paper aims to propose an integration method of UML diagrams and Arduino UNO microcontroller for developing water pollution detection system. The proposed method consists of three phases, which are system’s design, system's schematic and system’s architecture. It uses use case diagram and sequence diagram. In addition, the system design consisting of a microcontroller and multiple connected sensors for water pollutant detection, namely pH, turbidity, dissolved solids, temperature, oxidation reduction potential and electrical conductivity. The result of this paper is the production an automatic water pollutant detection prototype using Arduino and UML diagrams to display the water pollution parameters. The variables pH, turbidity, dissolved solids, temperature, oxidation reduction potential and electrical conductivity were chosen because they are the physical and chemical parameters that most influence water quality. The proposed system is characterized by measuring the water quality in real time, low cost and its data is accurate and fast.

Scaling Properties of Liquid Dynamics Predicted from a Single Configuration: Pseudoisomorphs for Harmonic-Bonded Molecules.

Isomorphs are curves in the thermodynamic phase diagram of invariant excess entropy, structure, and dynamics, while pseudoisomorphs are curves of invariant structure and dynamics, but not of the excess entropy. The latter curves have been shown to exist in molecular models with flexible bonds [Olsen, A. E. J. Chem. Phys. 2016, 145, 241103]. We here present three force-based methods to trace out pseudoisomorphs based on a single configuration and test them on the asymmetric dumbbell and 10-bead Lennard-Jones chain models with bonds modeled as harmonic springs. The three methods are based on requiring that particle forces, center-of-mass forces, and torques, respectively, are invariant in reduced units. For each of the two investigated models we identify a method that works well for tracing out pseudoisomorphs, but these methods are not the same. Overall, we find that the more internal degrees of freedom there are in the molecule studied, the less they appear to affect the gross dynamical behavior. Moreover, the "internal" degrees of freedom (including rotation) do not significantly affect the scaling behavior of the dynamical/transport coefficients provided some 'quenching' is performed.

Perancangan Aplikasi Kamus Air Traffic Control Berbasis Mobile Android

This study discusses the Air Traffic Controller dictionary where this dictionary will discuss all the initials that have developed in the world of air police, which so far all information about the rules in regulating flights is only in written form (Manual Dictionary). The purpose of this study is to help air transportation speed directors recall some of the existing definitions in the world of aviation, so that it is hoped that there will be no more misunderstandings between pilots and air transportation speed controllers. The method used by the author is the waterfall method, where the flow is Analysis, Design, Implementation and testing. The Unified Modeling Language design will help readers understand this research. The results of this study illustrate that the application can run on an Android mobile device.

High photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4/CdZnS/MoS2 heterojunction for hydrogen production

In an effort to improve the light absorption efficiency of the photocatalyst, g-C3N4 nanosheets with visible light response have been prepared by roasting method, and the g-C3N4/CdZnS composite catalyst with 2D/0D architecture has been prepared by hydrothermal method after ultrasonic thinning. The g-C3N4/CdZnS/MoS2 composite catalyst with 2D/0D architecture has been synthesized by secondary hydrothermal method. TEM analysis proves that a close heterogeneous interface has been formed between g-C3N4 and CdZnS, and between CdZnS and MoS2. The ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectrum shows that MoS2 has a wide light absorption range, which effectively enhances the light utilization ratio of the composite catalyst. The energy band structure diagram and photoelectrochemical test results show that a continuous stepped type II ternary heterojunction is formed among g-C3N4, CdZnS and MoS2, which promotes its separation of photogenerated charges. When the loading mass fraction of g-C3N4 and MoS2 is 4%, the hydrogen evolution rate of g-C3N4/CdZnS/MoS2 composite catalyst is 57.02 mmol g−1 h−1 under visible light, which is exceeding 20% that of g-C3N4/CdZnS and 4.79 times and 44.9 times higher than that of CdZnS and g-C3N4, respectively. The two-dimensional structure of g-C3N4 and MoS2 significantly improves the stability of the composite catalyst. This work offers feasible ways for ternary heterogeneous photocatalyst construction.

Design and Development of a Mobile Application for Marriage Counseling and Divorce Mediation at KUA Medan Tuntungan

Marriage counseling is an effort that can be aimed at preparing prospective couples to establish a more serious relationship. Good communication involvement between the two prospective couples is one factor in building a solid foundation in marriage. Life after marriage has a big role and responsibility. Divorce can occur due to lack of readiness between the two prospective couples, so marriage counseling is very important so that prospective brides and grooms can prepare carefully for the relationship that will be carried out in the future. Therefore, this study builds a marriage counseling mobile application aimed at understanding the roles and responsibilities of marriage. This study itself uses a qualitative method by collecting, analyzing and reviewing valid data and information regarding marriage counseling for prospective couples. The waterfall method is used in this study as a system design where the waterfall is considered adaptable in the development of a marriage counseling mobile application accompanied by Unified Modeling Language (UML) modeling.

Aplikasi Absensi dan Penjadwalan Berbasis Web di SMA Negeri 1 Pelaihari menggunakan framework Laravel

Pelaihari 1 Public High School, located in Pelaihari District, is one of the educational institutions that supports improving the quality of education. Providing information by students is carried out by collecting the necessary data, then the data is input using Microsoft Excel or Microsoft Word. Apart from that, paper is also used when making attendance. Any existing data is then shared back with teachers and students who need it via WhatsApp. This method is considered less effective due to limited program functions, easy file loss, difficulty in searching for data, and also in terms of time. Therefore, a Web-Based Attendance and Scheduling Application was developed at SMA Negeri 1 Pelaihari using the Laravel Framework. This application is expected to fulfill one of the Admin's tasks in managing data, so that Admins feel it is easier to share information with teachers and students. The features contained in this system include class data, student data, employee data, subject data, schedule data, User data, attendance data, reporting and journal data. This system was developed using a prototype development model, the Laravel framework, and was designed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) models. The programming language used is PHP and the database used is MySQL.

SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE SYSTEM DESIGN FOR THE MASS SERVICE SYSTEMS MODELING TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN GO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

The subject of the article is the methods and approaches to organizing the architecture of software implementation designed for modeling the behavior of mass service systems. The goal of the work is to design a software architecture for implementation in Go language, intended to replicate the behavior of various types of mass service systems, without considering the failure of individual service channels, using parallel computing. The article addresses the following tasks: consider the basis for designing the architecture and conclude its appropriateness; develop requirements for the future software product for more effective resource use and clear definition of successful completion; analyze the approaches to organizing software architecture and make a justified decision on the application of one of them; design a general algorithm scheme taking into account all requirements; identify the components of the modeled system and their interactions; build process diagrams considering the specifics of the Go programming language; define the method and contracts of interaction with the software. The research will utilize the following methods: Go programming language, concurrency, architectural UML diagrams, C4 diagrams, process diagrams. The following results were obtained: the requirements for the software for modeling mass service operations (SMO) were defined; common approaches to organizing architecture were considered and a comparative analysis was conducted; the structure of the future program was developed at the necessary levels of abstraction; for the first time, an architecture of the software product for modeling various mass service systems using parallel computing and the concurrency approach under the implementation in the Go programming language was proposed.

Aplikasi Reservasi Kamar Berbasis Web: Solusi untuk Meningkatkan Pemesanan di Wisma Rumka

Wisma Rumka is a place that operates in the accommodation sector. Wisma Rumka provides accommodation in the form of accommodation for one night or one month. Wisma Rumka consists of 21 rooms dan has a 4-story building. The research carried out aims to increase goal is to reduce synchronization between room scheduling and the reservation process. The theories used in this research are theories about system, reservations, 8 golden rules, and other theories that can support this research. System theory is used as the foundation for creating a reservation system, reservation theory as a variable in the system being created, along with the 8 golden rules as a theory to make the appearance better. The research method used is qualitative research method. The primary data needed in this research was obtained from sctructured interviews with the owner of Wisma Rumka and the result of field research at the accommodation. The secondary data needed in this research was obtained from the author reading books and journals. The website design is depicted with a UML diagram. The resulting website is a website in the form of a simple reservation that can be opened via computer and the display has been adapted to mobile display. This website is used to support room booking activities carried out by Wisma Rumka Inn. This research was carried out the aim of creating a reservation website using PHP, HTML, MySQL so that it does not required any costs. It is hoped that this research can be one of the things that can increase room bookings.