Strongest Predictor Of Intention Research Articles

Utility of the Theory of Planned Behaviour for predicting parents' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19.

Vaccination is a crucial form of primary prevention, and it is important to understand the factors that influence parents' decisions to vaccinate their children. The current study examines the utility of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and anticipated affect for explaining parents' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Parents (N = 843) living in the United States completed an online survey. The TPB variables explained 65% of the variability in parents' intentions. In addition to all three of the TPB antecedents predicting vaccine intentions, both anticipated regret of not vaccinating and anticipated positive emotions of vaccinating were associated with parent intentions. Contrary to predictions, subjective norms were a stronger predictor of intentions when perceived behavioural control was lower compared to higher. These findings help further our understanding of parent-for-child vaccine decisions in the context of novel health threats and inform intervention efforts aimed at encouraging this behaviour.

Applying the theory of behavioral choice to plant-based dietary intentions

Improving understanding of the intention to choose plant-based food is an important element of climate change mitigation. A cross-sectional survey of 454 North American adults was used to predict their dietary-change intentions from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the more-recently proposed theory of behavioral choice (TBC). The TPB accounted for 65 percent of the variance in intentions and the TBC accounted for a significantly greater (80 percent) proportion of variance. The strongest predictors of intention were the TBC's sense of obligation, attitude-values-affect (AVA), and habit, and the TBP's social norms. Five interactions also contributed in small but significant ways toward the accounting of the participants' food-choice intentions. Policy implications are discussed.

Evaluating public a priori acceptance of autonomous modular transit using an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model

This study aims to assess the public acceptance of Autonomous Modular Transit (AMT) and identify key factors influencing people’s intentions regarding the future use of AMT. While the integration of autonomy and modularity in transport systems has gained attention in recent years among researchers, the study of AMT acceptance is non-existent in the literature. To address this research gap, the study proposes an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model to explore public acceptance of AMT. It integrates the original model’s constructs with two additional factors: trust and perceived green usefulness, while also investigating the role of public transport usage behavior in intention. Data were collected through an online survey involving 1662 participants from different cities in Iran. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the conceptual model. Multiple t-tests and ANOVA tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of public transport usage behavior and demographics on the model’s constructs. The results showed that the majority of respondents showed their acceptance toward using AMT when available despite their limited prior knowledge about the system. Perceived usefulness was the strongest predictor of intention, followed by social influence and hedonic motivations. Although the COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced the number of public transport (PT) regular users, this group showed a higher intention to use AMT compared to PT non-regular users. Furthermore, respondents aged over 60 years stated a lower intention to use AMT than their younger counterparts. Given that the mass adoption of AMT depends on public acceptance, this study is expected to serve as a benchmark for comparing countries with similar cultural contexts.

Factors affecting childbearing intention in women employees in Birjand: Application of the theory of planned behavior.

Childbearing is one of the most important determinants of population fluctuations. Identifying factors affecting childbearing is necessary for the proper implementation of population programs. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting childbearing intention among women employees in Birjand based on the theory of planned behavior. In this descriptive-correlational study, 405 women employees in the offices of Birjand city in 2022 were selected by stratified random sampling and completed a two-part questionnaire including demographic information and questions related to the theory of planned behavior. The data were analyzed using SPSS v19 and Pearson's correlation, logistic regression, independent t-test, and ANOVA. The mean age of the participants in the study was 37.82 ± 6.39 years and the mean number of current children was 1.77 ± 0.92. The mean score of childbearing intention was 8.80 ± 3.06, the attitude was 66.04 ± 11.50, the subjective norm was 27.03 ± 6.95, and perceived behavioral control was 32.90 ± 7.80. Also, there was a significant negative and direct relationship between all the constructs of the theory of planned behavior and childbearing intention (P < 0.01). The variables of age, the number of current children, and the ideal number of children were predictors of childbearing intention. According to the standardized beta coefficients, the strongest predictor of intention was the number of current children (β = -0.464). The findings showed that various demographic factors are efficient in childbearing intention. The findings of this study can provide a picture of the current situation of factors affecting childbearing intention in society and be used as a guide for policymakers in fertility planning.

An examination of the factors influencing engagement in gardening practices that support biodiversity using the theory of planned behavior

The composition and management of private gardens is critical to conserving and enhancing urban biodiversity, yet little is known about the psychological factors that influence gardening behavior. We apply an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which includes nature connectedness, to predict engagement in gardening practices that support biodiversity. More specifically, we examine the psychological factors that influence people's intention to engage in wildlife gardening and the number of wildlife-friendly garden features in a New Zealand sample (N = 695). Structural equation modeling indicated that the extended TPB is well suited to explaining engagement in wildlife gardening. Perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor of intention while subjective norm and nature connectedness were also significantly associated with intention. Furthermore, we explored which beliefs influence the predictors of intention. The perception of having information and knowledge as well as time had the strongest association with perceived behavioral control. Subjective norm was predicted by normative beliefs about friends, family, and environmentalists but not neighbors. Our findings provide insights into the psychological factors that influence gardening practices and can inform the design of interventions to increase urban biodiversity. We conclude that the positive effect of nature connectedness on pro-environmental behavior should be considered in designing engagement activities to support biodiversity.

The relationship between attitudes and behavioural intentions related to doping: the role of attitude certainty

ABSTRACT Psychological research has shown that intentions to dope are one of the strongest predictors of doping behaviour, and attitudes are a strong predictor of intentions. One of the most relevant pending questions is when attitudes better predict intentions. The present study analysed the moderating role of meta-cognitive certainty on the relationship between attitudes and behavioural intentions related to doping. One hundred and sixty-six athletes (87.9% males, and 12.1% females) from different sports participated in a cross-sectional online study. They reported their attitudes and behavioural intentions regarding doping itself, as well as attitudes and behavioural intentions regarding a legalisation proposal. As expected, attitudes predicted intentions in both cases. Most importantly, we hypothesised and found an interaction between attitudes and attitude certainty on intentions regarding the legalisation proposal. That is, attitudes towards the legalisation predicted intentions to support that proposal and to engage in the banned behaviours if legalised to a greater extent for participants with higher (vs. lower) certainty in those attitudes. However, results regarding attitudes towards doping and intentions to dope were not conclusive and further research is necessary. These findings provide a new contribution to the study of meta-cognition in psychological research on doping, but future studies should examine and replicate our results in other samples (e.g., doping users). In conclusion, we suggest that future research and interventions related to doping could benefit from the use of attitude certainty measures as a moderator of the relationship between attitudes and behavioural intentions related to doping.

How do farmers plan to safeguard the environment? Empirical evidence on farmers’ intentions to adopt organic pest management practices

The development and optimization of more sustainable pest control methods, primarily focusing on preventive strategies and non-chemical tools, is a global priority for scientists and agrochemical companies. This study examines Sicilian farmers’ willingness to adopt organic pest management practices for protecting tomatoes and zucchini from two key insect pests, namely Tuta absoluta and Bemisia tabaci. We implemented the Theory of Planned Behavior as a cognitive model to explore individual motivations that influence farmers’ readiness to adopt sustainable pest control practices. Results from partial least squares structural equation modeling on a sample of 85 farmers emphasize the importance of farmers’ behavioral constructs in the decision-making process: Farmers’ attitudes are the strongest predictors of intention (ß = 0.454; p < 0.01), followed by social norms (ß = 0.201; p < 0.1) and perceived behavioral control (ß = 0.184; p < 0.01). Intention and perceived behavioral control constructs positively and significantly affect the stated behavior construct (respectively, ß = 0.23; ß = 0.24). Traditional farm/farmer socio-economic characteristics have a notable, yet smaller, influence: Farmers’ education positively predicts their willingness to adopt (ß = 0.292; p < 0.01), while farmers’ age is negatively correlated (ß = −0.130; p < 0.01). Informational campaigns on the importance of organic pest management on improving soil health and biodiversity should be promoted to strengthen farmers attitudes toward organic pest management. Similarly, policy-makers should enhance farmers perceived behavioral control by providing better information about characteristics and procedures of organic pest management protocols.

Household food-waste prevention behaviors in Beijing, Shanghai, and Wuhan in China compared with those in Tokyo and Bangkok

We built a comprehensive framework to explore how psychological factors and food-related behavior routines affect household food-waste behaviors. We conducted online surveys in Beijing, Shanghai, and Wuhan, in China and in Tokyo and Bangkok. We obtained 3,000 responses in total. The results showed that the share of people who always leave no leftovers when eating out was considerably lower in the three Chinese cities than in Tokyo and Bangkok. Additionally, the frequency of food disposal at the cooking and storage stages was higher than at the eating stages when eating at home. The model analysis showed that the intention of food-waste prevention was the most decisive factor influencing food-disposal behaviors for eating at home or eating out. Personal norm was the main driver of intention of food-waste prevention when eating at home, while the subjective norm was the strongest predictor of intention when eating out.

Mobile phone use while cycling among e-bikers in China: Reasoned or social reactive?

Introduction: China has the largest number of e-bikers in the world, and e-bike crashes cause thousands of fatalities and tens of thousands of serious injuries annually. Mobile phone use while e-biking is a violation of Chinese law and associated with increased crash risk. The current study investigated mobile phone use behavior while cycling among Chinese e-bikers and the psychological factors surrounding why individuals might choose to engage in this risk-taking behavior. Method: In particular, this study investigates whether the decision to use a mobile phone while cycling is explained through reasoned decision making or is a social reactive decision, or both, as defined by the prototype willingness model (PWM). Questionnaire data were collected from 784 Chinese adults with e-bike experience. Results: Results showed that 40.2 % of the participants reported mobile phone use while cycling e-bikes in the past month. Both behavioral intention and behavioral willingness were predictors of mobile phone while using e-bikes, and they were approximately equal in their magnitude of predictive power (βBI = 0.25; βBW = 0.26). E-bikers’ attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and perception of prototype similarity and favorability were strong predictors of intention, willingness, and self-reported behavior to use mobile phones while e-biking. Conclusions: Both social reactive decision-making and reasoned decision-making contribute to decisions to use a mobile phone while riding an e-bike. Practical Applications: Results have implications for guiding development of interventions to prevent and reduce mobile phone use when e-bike cycling.

Understanding Intention to Use Conditionally Automated Vehicles in Thailand, Based on an Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Automated vehicles (AVs) provide several advantages in solving issues of road traffic; including enhanced safety, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and reduced traffic congestion. As AVs are still relatively new developments in developing countries, AV adoption faces challenges from both technological and psychological issues. Therefore, our initial research focus is on identifying the factors that influence the intention to use conditionally automated vehicles (CAVs; SAE Level 3). An extended technology acceptance model (TAM), which includes Trust, Perceived Risks, and Environmental concerns, is proposed as the predictor model in this study. The 299 participants gathered through online surveys in Thailand were examined using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique. In this study, Trust was shown to be the strongest predictor of Intention, followed by Perceived Ease of Use, whereas Perceived Usefulness had no impact on intention to use the SAE Level 3. The results of this study will be able to guide the forming of future policies that aim at promoting the use of AVs and helping technology developers create systems to better meet the needs of users in developing nations.

Influencing factors of young consumers' e-payment behaviour: an empirical study of Macao's Y and Z generations

The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that influence the e-payment behaviour of Macao's young citizens. The mediating effect of intention between certain factors and adoption of e-payment is also considered. This study develops a conceptual model that proposes and applies the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model (UTAUT). 279 valid samples were collected from Macao citizens aged 16 to 40, who belong to the Y generation (= Gen Y) and Z generation (= Gen Z), to test the conceptual model. The study supports some relationships of TAM and UTAUT, such as perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and social influence (SI). It indicates the role of perceived security (PS), perceived trust (PT), and incentive (INC) as strong predictors of intention (INT) in the Macao context. In addition, the study certifies that the incentive not only affects intention but also have a direct impact on e-payment usage (US).

Current challenges faced by transgender and gender-diverse patients and providers in anesthesiology.

Current challenges faced by transgender and gender-diverse patients and providers in anesthesiology.

Determinants associated with self-management behavior among type 2 diabetes patients in China: A structural equation model based on the theory of planned behavior

BackgroundDiabetes self-management (DSM) is essential for patients to achieve better health outcomes. However, previous studies have demonstrated that the performance of DSM is not optimal. This study was designed to identify the significant determinants of self-management behavior in type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients to improve DSM. MethodA convenient sampling method was employed in this study. Data were collected from a community health center from January to February 2021 in Nanjing city, China. A total of 431 patients completed the self-administered questionnaires. A structural equation model based on the theory of planned behavior(TPB) was adopted for analysis. ResultsTPB model presents excellent goodness of fit of data. Attitude (β=0.161, P < 0.01), subjective norms (SN) (β=0.239, P < 0.001), and perceived behavior control (PBC) (β=0.197, P < 0.001) were strong predictors of intention. Intention (β=0.230, P < 0.001) and PBC (β=0.259, P < 0.001) had a direct effect on self-management behavior. The impact of attitude and SN on behavior was significantly mediated via behavioral intention. ConclusionThe application of TPB to self-management behavior in T2DM patients can significantly enhance our understanding of theory-based self-management behavior. This predictive model could potentially be a valuable tool and provide a feasible approach for formulating more targeted and population-specific DSM interventions in future research.

Predicting the Intention to Sort Waste at Home in Rural Communities in Lebanon: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour.

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Lebanon have limited technical, economic, and social infrastructures to manage municipal solid waste properly. Understanding what motivates citizens to sort waste at home is paramount to designing effective, efficient, and equitable waste management interventions. Within the solid waste management project “RES-Q” in Southern Lebanon, we investigated the socio-cognitive predictors of waste sorting in a sample of 767 households from the targeted area using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Perceived behavioural control (β = 0.96, p < 0.001), perceived norms (β = −0.30, p < 0.001), and current behaviour (β = 0.06, p < 0.001) were the strongest predictors of intention; attitude toward separating waste was not a significant predictor (β = 0.04, p = 0.3881). Consequently, future behavioural interventions should build capability and opportunity to perform the behaviour before normalising it. For example, citizens should receive bins and bags to separate waste and be shown how to perform the behaviour and how easy and convenient it is to increase their behavioural control. In parallel, waste collection and treatment infrastructures must be in place so that citizens can see that sorting waste is a social norm. These actions will ensure the success of future behavioural interventions within the RES-Q project and beyond.

Do you take...? The effect of mobile payment solutions on use intention: an application of UTAUT2

Despite the multitude of mobile payments solutions, the US still remains reluctant to adopting this payment technology. The connection between types of mobile payments and usage needs investigation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the difference in usage intentions for three types of mobile payment solutions as moderated by age and gender. The theoretical model, UTAUT2, was tested in a quantitative study using structural equation modeling, conducted in the US with a sample recruited through Qualtrics. The findings show intention to use mobile payments differ for each mobile payment type with performance expectancy and habit as strong predictors of intention and use behavior. Social influence and effort expectancy were poor predictors of intention. Additionally, facilitating conditions did not impact use behavior. The results help apparel retailers determine which mobile payment solution fits the needs and wants of their target market.

Title of research article: An exploration of nurses' knowledge, attitudes and intentions regarding restraint use in elderly residential care facilities.

In Ireland, there is a regulatory focus on restraint minimisation in elderly residential care facilities. Consistent with this focus, this study aimed to explore and identify the relationship between nurses' knowledge levels, attitudes and intentions regarding physical restraint use in two large Irish elderly residential care facilities. A correlational and cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data on variables including nurses' education levels, years of experience and intentions toward restraint utilization. Data was obtained from a sample of 83 nurses in early 2020 via an anonymous, adapted survey measuring knowledge, attitude and intentions. Results showed high knowledge levels, negative attitudes toward restraint implementation, and moderate mean intention scores. A significant positive relationship existed between knowledge and attitudes, with both variables negatively predicting intentions regarding restraint. Education was significant in predicting knowledge and attitudes; however, years of experience reported no such findings. Knowledge and attitudes negatively predict nurses' intentions toward restraint, with attitude being the stronger predictor of intentions. Falls risk caused the greatest variation in intention scores. This research offered a seminal study providing insight into the use of restraints in an Irish context with findings that are in line with international research. It highlights the importance of knowledge and attitudes along with education with understanding intentions to use restraints. Furthermore this research demonstrates a useful instrument in the assessment of nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and intentions in Irish elderly residential care facilities, which can possibly be used in other settings.

Bystander intervention among secondary school pupils: Testing an augmented Prototype Willingness Model.

This study augmented the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) to assess reactive and deliberative decision-making underpinning bystander intervention in gender-based violence contexts. There were 2079 participants (50% male, 49% female, and 1% unreported), aged 11-15years old (M=12.32, SD=0.91), attending 19secondary schools across Scotland. Participants self-reported the augmented PWM variables, then their intervention behaviour approximately 1month later. Path analyses mostly supported the predicted relationships between positive and negative bidimensional attitudes, subjective norms, prototype perceptions, perceived behavioural control, and self-efficacy on intentions and willingness. Willingness predicted positive (speaking with a teacher) and negative (doing nothing) intervention in less serious violence. Self-efficacy predicted negative intervention in more serious violence. Subjective norms positively moderated the attitudes-intentions relationship. Overall, the results suggested that reactive (willingness) more so than deliberative (intention) decision-making account for intervention when young people witness gender-based violence. Additionally, the findings highlight the complexity of bystander intervention decision-making, where adding control perceptions, bidimensional attitudes, and moderators have independent contributions. Furthermore, self-comparison to the typical bystander who positively intervenes (prototype perceptions) was the strongest predictor of intentions and willingness, highlighting in a novel way the importance of image and group membership on decision-making.

Plastic-free behavior of millennials: An application of the theory of planned behavior on drinking choices.

This study explores the factors that influence millennials' intentions and behavior regarding reduced plastic consumption. An extended theory of planned behavior was established as a conceptual model that explicitly analyzed both the role of past and stated behaviors. The stated behavior was measured using a projective technique. The data obtained from a survey of 741 Italian respondents were analyzed through multiple correspondence analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results of the projective technique characterized "plastic-free" behavior as a unidimensional construct. Structural equation modeling showed that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence the intention of millennial consumers to reduce the use of plastic drinking bottles. The perceived behavioral control is the strongest predictor of intention (ß=0.304; p<0.001), followed by social norms (ß=0.271; p<0.001) and attitudes (ß=0.130; p<0.001). The past behavior construct positively and significantly affects attitude (ß=0.165; p<0.001), intention (ß=0.231; p<0.001), and stated behavior (ß=0.073; p<0.05) constructs. The latter is also positively predicted by intention (ß=0.151; p<0.001). Based on the results, actions and incentives for reducing plastic consumption were provided.

Nexus between integrating technology readiness 2.0 index and students' e-library services adoption amid the COVID-19 challenges: Implications based on the theory of planned behavior.

BACKGROUND:The advent of the pandemic COVID-19 has resulted in a global crisis that resulted in the closure of universities and educational institutions worldwide. This study aims to explore the determinants of students’ intention towards e-library services usage amid the challenging time of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper reviews the technology-oriented individual attitude based on four dimensions of the technology readiness 2.0 index factors, which affect medical students’ perspectives.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The authors provided a self-administered questionnaire to medical students to investigate their e-library adoption attitude during the COVID-19 crisis. The authors distributed 542 questionnaires, received 361 complete responses and analyzed the data through path modeling/partial least squares structural equations modeling technique (PLS-SEM) with the smart PLS software version 3.3.3. The structural equation-modelling tool permits the estimation of results.RESULTS:The main finding revealed that medical students have a positive and explicit approach to use the services available at the e-library. Technology use and online services helped students continue their educational needs in the advent of the current pandemic COVID-19. Attitude and subjective norms have significant influence and are strong predictors of intention. However, due to inadequate support for the government side, the perceived behavioural control has an insignificant impact on intention. This paper indicated one of the pioneers investigating the determinants of e-library adoption among medical students based on technology-oriented personality traits, employing the four dimensions of the technology readiness 2.0 index during the challenges of the COVID-19 outbreak.CONCLUSION:The study's findings provide useful insight that offers valuable insights to implement specific strategies from the government officials to address medical students’ uncertainties and increase the technology adoption amid the COVID-19 pandemic in medical education for developing nations.

How do gender disparities in entrepreneurial aspirations emerge in Pakistan? An approach to mediation and multi-group analysis

This cross-sectional study sought to identify gender differences in individual behavioral attitudes, personal traits, and entrepreneurial education based on planned behavior theory. The Smart partial least squares (PLS) structural equation model and PLS path modeling were used. A survey design was used to collect data from 309 samples using quantitative measures. The model was tested for validity and reliability and showed variance (full, R2 = 58.9% and split, R2 = 62.7% and R2 = 52.7%) in male and female model predictive power, respectively. Subjective norms (SN), personality traits (PT), and entrepreneurial education (EE) significantly impacted the male sample's intention. Females' intentions toward entrepreneurship was less affected by attitude toward behavior (ATB), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and entrepreneurship education (EE). Further, attitudes, social norms, and behavioral controls as mediation variables indicate a significant and positive role of male and female intentions. These findings imply that behavioral beliefs (ATB, PBC, and SN) influence entrepreneurial intention-action translation. The results significantly supported the designed hypotheses and shed light on individual personality traits (PT) and entrepreneurship education (EE) underpinning enterprise intention. The study determined that EE and PT are the strongest predictors of intention, thus highlighting the role of these motives in the entrepreneurial process. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on youth entrepreneurs, expands our understanding of entrepreneurship as a practical career choice, and offers a novel account differentiating male and female PT. The drive to evaluate the effects of entrepreneurial intention among budding disparities in Pakistan requires a more profound knowledge of the aspects that endorse entrepreneurship as a choice of profession and enhances youth incentive abilities to engage in entrepreneurial activities based on exploitation.