Strong Support Research Articles

Paving Their Own Road? Local Chinese and World Bank Aid and Foreign Direct Investment in Africa

Abstract China’s emergence as a major donor and economic partner to sub-Saharan Africa has prompted questions if the aims and impacts of China’s efforts in the region are driven by self-serving commercial motives. While there are strong reasons to think that the foreign aid may make a location more attractive to investment, generally, by improving the infrastructural, institutional, or human capital environment and/or by serving as a signal of a location’s risk, there is also reason to suspect that Chinese aid may be “paving the way” for investment by Chinese firms. To investigate, this paper uses spatial and temporal variations in localized, geo-referenced data to find a strong overall support that local aid boosts local foreign direct investment (FDI). However, we also find some evidence that Chinese aid boosts its own FDI compared to FDI from third-party countries; but this differential effect is also visible with the Chinese FDI’s response to the World Bank aid as well as in the relationship between both aid and FDI from the USA, suggesting that the Chinese FDI may simply be following any aid and that the relationship between its aid and FDI is not exceptional among bilateral donors.

Real-Time Epidemiology and Acute Care Need Monitoring and Forecasting for COVID-19 via Bayesian Sequential Monte Carlo-Leveraged Transmission Models.

COVID-19 transmission models have conferred great value in informing public health understanding, planning, and response. However, the pandemic also demonstrated the infeasibility of basing public health decision-making on transmission models with pre-set assumptions. No matter how favourably evidenced when built, a model with fixed assumptions is challenged by numerous factors that are difficult to predict. Ongoing planning associated with rolling back and re-instituting measures, initiating surge planning, and issuing public health advisories can benefit from approaches that allow state estimates for transmission models to be continuously updated in light of unfolding time series. A model being continuously regrounded by empirical data in this way can provide a consistent, integrated depiction of the evolving underlying epidemiology and acute care demand, offer the ability to project forward such a depiction in a fashion suitable for triggering the deployment of acute care surge capacity or public health measures, and support quantitative evaluation of tradeoffs associated with prospective interventions in light of the latest estimates of the underlying epidemiology. We describe here the design, implementation, and multi-year daily use for public health and clinical support decision-making of a particle-filtered COVID-19 compartmental model, which served Canadian federal and provincial governments via regular reporting starting in June 2020. The use of the Bayesian sequential Monte Carlo algorithm of particle filtering allows the model to be regrounded daily and adapt to new trends within daily incoming data-including test volumes and positivity rates, endogenous and travel-related cases, hospital census and admissions flows, daily counts of dose-specific vaccinations administered, measured concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, and mortality. Important model outputs include estimates (via sampling) of the count of undiagnosed infectives, the count of individuals at different stages of the natural history of frankly and pauci-symptomatic infection, the current force of infection, effective reproductive number, and current and cumulative infection prevalence. Following a brief description of the model design, we describe how the machine learning algorithm of particle filtering is used to continually reground estimates of the dynamic model state, support a probabilistic model projection of epidemiology and health system capacity utilization and service demand, and probabilistically evaluate tradeoffs between potential intervention scenarios. We further note aspects of model use in practice as an effective reporting tool in a manner that is parameterized by jurisdiction, including the support of a scripting pipeline that permits a fully automated reporting pipeline other than security-restricted new data retrieval, including automated model deployment, data validity checks, and automatic post-scenario scripting and reporting. As demonstrated by this multi-year deployment of the Bayesian machine learning algorithm of particle filtering to provide industrial-strength reporting to inform public health decision-making across Canada, such methods offer strong support for evidence-based public health decision-making informed by ever-current articulated transmission models whose probabilistic state and parameter estimates are continually regrounded by diverse data streams.

A short review of medical-grade stainless steel: Corrosion resistance and novel techniques

Due to its exceptional quality as a biomedical metal, stainless steel is often utilized to produce a broad range of medical tools. The resistance of stainless steel to corrosion is a key indicator of how long and how effective it will serve its intended purpose, and it is an important factor in determining the biocompatibility of the material. However, due to the complex physiological environment within the human body, the corrosion management of medical-grade stainless steel is facing several challenges. In this article, an overview of the factors that influence the corrosion performance of medical-grade stainless steel is provided, and new technologies and methods that have been developed in recent years to improve the corrosion resistance are discussed. These cutting-edge methods are expected to improve the corrosion resistance and longevity of medical-grade stainless steel, providing strong support for the increased applicability of the material in the medical industry.

Eggs - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer are a significant public health burden in the Nordic and Baltic countries. High intake of eggs, mainly due to its high cholesterol content, has been suggested to have adverse health effects. The purpose of this scoping review is to describe the evidence related to the impact of egg intake on health. A literature search identified 38 systematic reviews and meta-analyses on egg consumption in relation to health outcomes published between 2011 and 30 April 2022. Overall, current evidence from systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials indicates that higher egg intake may increase serum total cholesterol concentration and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but with substantial heterogeneity in the response. However, recent evidence from observational studies does not provide strong support for a detrimental role of moderate egg consumption (up to one egg/day) on the risk of CVD, especially in the European studies. The overall evidence from observational studies indicates that egg consumption is not associated with increased risk of mortality or T2D in European study populations. There is also little support for a role of egg consumption in cancer development, although a weak association with higher risk of certain cancers has been found in some studies, mainly case-control studies. Again, no associations with cancer risk have been observed in European studies. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of egg consumption in relation to other health-related outcomes are scarce. There are also limited data available on the associations between the consumption of more than one egg/day and risk of diseases. Based on the available evidence, one egg/day is unlikely to adversely affect overall disease risk.

Ectopic expression of an Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE3) gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae increases the tolerance and phytoremediation of 2-nitroaniline in rice

2-nitroaniline (2-NA) is an environmental pollutant and has been extensively used as intermediates in organic synthesis. The presence of 2-NA in the environment is not only harmful for aquatic life but also mutagenic for human beings. In this study, we constructed transgenic rice expressing an Old Yellow Enzyme gene, ScOYE3, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The ScOYE3 transgenic plants were comprehensively investigated for their biochemical responses to 2-NA treatment and their 2-NA phytoremediation capabilities. Our results showed that the rice seedlings exposed to 2-NA stress, showed growth inhibition and biomass reduction. However, the transgenic plants exhibited strong tolerance to 2-NA stress compared to wild-type plants. Ectopic expression of ScOYE3 could effectively protect transgenic plants against 2-NA damage, which resulted in less reactive oxygen species accumulation in transgenic plants than that in wild-type plants. Our phytoremediation assay revealed that transgenic plants could eliminate more 2-NA from the medium than wild-type plants. Moreover, omics analysis was performed in order to get a deeper insight into the mechanism of ScOYE3-mediated 2-NA transformation in rice. Altogether, the function of ScOYE3 during 2-NA detoxification was characterized for the first time, which serves as strong theoretical support for the phytoremediation potential of 2-NA by Old Yellow Enzyme genes.

Stringent sustainability regulations for global supply chains are supported across middle-income democracies

Expanded international trade and globalised production networks are increasing the environmental and social impacts in middle-income countries (GNI per capita $1,136-$13,845). High-income countries (>$13,845) are seeking to mitigate the negative impacts of domestic consumption by imposing new sustainability regulations on global supply chains. Recent evidence suggests that these regulations are broadly supported across high-income countries. However, it remains unclear whether citizens of middle-income countries support aligning domestic sustainability regulations with the measures developed by high-income countries. Concerns about economic competitiveness and foreign imposition could increase public resistance toward such alignment. Alternatively, desires for continued market access in high-income countries and aspirations for strengthening local environmental and labour regulations could foster support for alignment. Based on survey-embedded experiments in the three largest democratic non-OECD economies (Brazil, India, Indonesia), we find surprisingly strong support for domestic-based measures that are aligned with emerging global supply chain sustainability regulations. Our findings suggest that support is largely driven by positive impact expectations, where the future benefits of alignment are perceived as outweighing concerns about increased costs. These results bode well for initiatives to install stricter sustainability regulations for global supply chains that are acceptable not only in high-income economies but also in non-OECD countries.

Gas‐phase Smiles rearrangement of ortho‐nitro‐substituted diaryliodonium cations and their mechanistic insights

RationaleDiaryliodonium salts are useful electrophilic reagents in organic chemistry, finding extensive applications in arylations and photo‐induced polymerizations. However, comprehensive mechanistic investigations, particularly concerning the mass spectrometric behaviors of diaryliodonium salts, are relatively scarce in the literature.MethodsDiaryliodonium salts could be readily ionized using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) to give [Ar1‐I+‐Ar2], and high‐resolution ESI‐tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments were conducted to investigate their gas‐phase chemical reactions.ResultsInvestigations on ESI‐MS/MS of [Ar1‐I+‐Ar2] revealed two major fragmentation patterns: (1) reductive elimination resulting in the diaryl coupling product ion [Ar1‐Ar2]+• by the loss of I; (2) generation of aryl cations [Ar1]+ or [Ar2]+ through cleavage of the C–I bonds. We revealed that the introduction of NO2 into Ar2 of [Ar1‐I+‐Ar2] could lead to an unexpected fragmentation ion [Ar1O]+ in MS/MS, arising from an O‐atom transfer process from NO2 to Ar1. Particularly, when NO2 was ortho‐positioned to the iodine in Ar2, the [Ar1O]+ sometimes exhibited dominant behavior.ConclusionsComprehensive ESI‐MS/MS studies and theoretical calculations provided strong support for the O‐atom transfer mechanistic pathway: [Ar1‐I+‐(o‐NO2‐Ar2)] initially underwent a Smiles rearrangement to the intermediate [Ar1‐O‐(o‐NO‐Ar2I)]+, which subsequently dissociated to [Ar1O]+ or [o‐NO‐Ar2I]+•. Herein, we proposed an unexpected “ortho effect” in the gas‐phase fragmentation reaction of [Ar1‐I+‐(o‐NO2‐Ar2)], in which the crucial determinant factor for the aryl migration was identified as the Smiles rearrangement reaction.

Assessing pragmatic language difficulties using the Revised Children's Communication Checklist-2. Exploratory structural equation modeling and associations with restricted and repetitive behaviors.

In this paper, we investigated the psychometric properties of the Child Communication Checklist-Revised (CCC-R) for the first time with an English-speaking sample. We used a confirmatory application of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) to re-evaluate the CCC-R's psychometric properties. We found strong support for its use as an assessment for pragmatic and structural language. Our second main aim was to explore associations between pragmatic and structural language and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs), two hallmark characteristics of autism. We used the CCC-R and Repetitive Behavior Questionnaire (RBQ-2) to investigate these associations in a diverse non-clinical sample of children, taking a transdiagnostic approach. We intentionally excluded autism and other neurodevelopmental diagnoses to test, (1) the CCC-R in a broad sample and (2) the association between pragmatic language and RRB in children not already selected for that association. The sample comprised two groups of children, one was community sampled (n = 123) and the other (n = 143) included children with non-specific behavioral, emotional and/or cognitive difficulties referred to an assessment unit by schools. We found clear associations between pragmatic language difficulties and RRBs in both groups. Regression analysis showed that pragmatic language was the only significant contributor to RRBs even after Grammatical-Semantic score, age, sex, and socioeconomic status were controlled. The pattern was the same for both recruitment groups. However, the effects were stronger for the school-referred group which also had more pragmatic difficulties, grammatical-semantic difficulties and RRBs. A robust link between pragmatic language and RRBs, established in autism, has continuity across the broader non-clinical population.

Strong Bipartisan Support for Controlled Psilocybin Use as Treatment or Enhancement in a Representative Sample of US Americans: Need for Caution in Public Policy Persists

The psychedelic psilocybin has shown promise both as treatment for psychiatric conditions and as a means of improving well-being in healthy individuals. In some jurisdictions (e.g., Oregon, USA), psilocybin use for both purposes is or will soon be allowed and yet, public attitudes toward this shift are understudied. We asked a nationally representative sample of 795 US Americans to evaluate the moral status of psilocybin use in an appropriately licensed setting for either treatment of a psychiatric condition or well-being enhancement. Showing strong bipartisan support, participants rated the individual’s decision as morally positive in both contexts. These results can inform effective policy-making decisions around supervised psilocybin use, given robust public attitudes as elicited in the context of an innovative regulatory model. We did not explore attitudes to psilocybin use in unsupervised or non-licensed community or social settings.

Assessing and prioritizing drivers and strategies for transition to a green energy for sustainable development in China

This study addresses the critical global challenge of climate change, primarily caused by the overconsumption of fossil fuels. Recognizing the urgent need for a transition to green energy (GE) sources such as wind, solar, hydro, and biomass, this research focuses on identifying effective strategies for fostering a sustainable and low-carbon energy future in China. The study employs a combination of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), both well-established multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, to analyze various drivers, sub-drivers, and strategies crucial for this transition. Through an extensive literature review, we identified several key drivers and strategies aiding the shift towards GE for sustainable development. The AHP method was applied to evaluate and rank the major drivers and sub-drivers, such as policy, financing, and infrastructure and innovation, that are crucial for China's successful transition to GE. Simultaneously, fuzzy DEMATEL was utilized to prioritize vital strategies, including public awareness and education, financial incentives and support mechanisms, and policy and regulatory frameworks. The findings reveal that, in addition to strong policy and financial support, public awareness and education are critical for advancing GE development in China. This study underscores the importance of integrating various drivers and strategies for effective green energy development, aiming to mitigate the environmental impacts of fossil fuel use.

The Federal Reserve’s responses to the post-Covid period of high inflation

In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the Federal Reserve committed to using its full range of tools to support the U.S. economy. Over the next year and a half, with progress on vaccinations and strong policy support, indicators of economic activity and employment strengthened while inflation moved higher. Faced with a tight labor market and elevated inflation, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) began a process of unwinding the very accommodative stance of monetary policy and moving to a restrictive policy stance to address inflation pressures. Here we review the sequence of actions taken by the Committee between late 2020 and mid-2023 as well as discuss some issues it contemplated along the way; the table provides a chronological list of key events over this period.

Partnership Status, Health, and Mortality: Selection or Protection?

Married individuals have better health and lower mortality than nonmarried people. Studies show that when cohabitants are distinguished from other nonmarried groups, health differences between partnered and nonpartnered individuals become even more pronounced. Some researchers have argued that partnered individuals have better health and lower mortality because a partnership offers protective effects (protection); others have posited that partnered people have better health and lower mortality because healthy persons are more likely to form a union and less likely to dissolve it (selection). This study contributes to this debate by investigating health and mortality by partnership status in England and Wales and analyzing the causes of mortality differences. We use combined data from the British Household Panel Survey and the UK Household Longitudinal Study and apply a simultaneous-equations hazard model to control for observed and unobserved selection into partnerships. We develop a novel approach to identify frailty based on self-rated health. Our analysis shows that partnered individuals have significantly lower mortality than nonpartnered people. We observe some selection into and out of unions on unobserved health characteristics, but the mortality differences by partnership status persist. The study offers strong support for the marital protection hypothesis and extends it to nonmarital partnerships.

Effect of Cr Segregation on Mechanical Behavior and Deformation Mechanism of Ni─Co─Cr Alloy

AbstractNi─Co alloys have attracted extensive attention from materials researchers in recent years because of their excellent properties. The effect of solute segregation on the properties of the alloy is studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that the yield strength increases from 2.8 to 3.5 GPa when the solute atom Cr is introduced into the grain boundary. Under the action of stress, the disorder of segregation grain boundary is enhanced, which hinders the growth of grain, produces less layer fault structure, and the peak number of HCP (Hexagonal Close Packed) atom decreases from 50 000 to 37 000. The introduction of solute atoms provides a strong support for the grain boundary and has a similar skeleton structure, which improves the deformation resistance of the lattice. In addition, the improved grain boundary stability leads to the difficulty of nucleation of the dislocation, because the obstruction of the grain boundary makes it difficult to activate the dislocation source in the adjacent grain, and the maximum reduction of the perfect dislocation is 74%. In general, the microscopic mechanism of solute segregation strengthening is discussed from dislocation, phase structure, and energy, which provides guidance for plastic deformation of solid‐solution alloys.

Student Development Activities in Chinese Higher Education Institutions: From Assessment to An Enhancement Program

This study takes Chinese higher education institutions as an example to investigate students to investigate the student development activities from assessment to strengthening plan, and to explore the influencing factors and current situation of student development activities in Chinese higher education institutions. In addition, on the basis of investigation and analysis, the development plan to enhance students' multifaceted ability.By means of questionnaire analysis and interview, this paper collects, collates and analyzes the relevant data of student development activities in Chinese higher education institutions through a questionnaire survey of 100 teachers and 200 students. This enables local researchers to better understand students' needs and challenges, thereby providing strong support for improving students' developmental experiences and learning outcomes. At the same time, the data analysis results can provide an important basis for formulating targeted strengthening plans and improvement strategies, so as to promote the sustainable development of student development activities in China's higher education institutions.

Quantitative Determination of Four Lignans in Phyllanthus niruri L. by HPLC

A simple analytical method using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of four main lignans (niranthin, nirtetralin B, hypophyllanthin, and phyltetralin) in Phyllanthus niruri L. plant samples from Guangxi province, China. The aim was to validate the accumulation rule in the growth periodicity of the active lignans for anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV). The results indicated that the active lignans niranthin and nirtetralin B were mainly distributed in the leaves of Phyllantthus niruri L., and the highest total content was found in the end of July to August (full fruiting period). Therefore, the Phyllanthus niruri L. of Guangxi province (China) should be collected for antihepatitis B treatment on the full fruiting period (the end of July to August), and its leaves might be the main part for collection. The results of the study provided a strong support for the use of Phyllanthus niruri L. from Guangxi province, China.

Dynamic, multi‐scale analyses indicate site‐ and landscape‐level forest cover drive Yellow‐billed and Black‐billed Cuckoo interannual turnover

AbstractStudies of habitat use in breeding birds often assume species have relatively stable breeding distributions. Some species, however, display considerable year‐to‐year variability, complicating efforts to determine suitable or preferred habitats. After returning to their breeding range, Black‐billed Cuckoos (Coccyzus erythropthalmus) and Yellow‐billed Cuckoos (C. americanus) are thought to range widely before nesting, resulting in high rates of interannual breeding‐site turnover, potentially contributing to conflicting habitat associations found in past studies. However, difficulty detecting these rare and declining species could lead to overinflated estimates of interannual turnover. Using broadcast surveys to increase detection probability, we collected detection/non‐detection data in 2019 and 2020 at 41 publicly owned sites in Illinois and performed a dynamic, multi‐scale occupancy analysis for each species to separate detection probability from potential interannual turnover and determine landscape and small‐scale variables driving habitat use and occupancy dynamics. We found strong support for interannual turnover for both species based on poor performance of non‐dynamic models and variation in estimated annual occupancy (20% and 21% increase between years for Black‐billed and Yellow‐billed Cuckoos, respectively). Black‐billed Cuckoos persisted at sites with less forest in the surrounding landscape and used areas with denser understory vegetation. Yellow‐billed Cuckoos colonized sites with greater canopy cover, avoided developed landscapes, and used areas with a shorter subcanopy layer. The dynamic nature of habitat use in these two cuckoo species suggests the importance of coordinating management and conservation across a broader spatial scale. Managing for larger patches of dense shrubs in less forested landscapes would benefit Black‐billed Cuckoos while Yellow‐billed cuckoos would benefit from management creating forested areas with open understories in less‐developed landscapes.

Fields of contestation and contamination: Maize seeds, agroecology and the (de)coloniality of agriculture in Malawi and South Africa

Farmer-managed seed systems and the conservation of agrobiodiversity are increasingly recognized as important components of food and seed sovereignty. In contrast, hybrid, genetically modified (GM), and, increasingly, gene-edited crops continue to be promoted by Green Revolution proponents as a “climate smart” package that includes fertilizers, pesticides, purchased seeds, and links to global markets. Influencing seed laws and policies to support the uptake of modern crop varieties has been a key entry point in many countries, facilitated by networks of foreign donors, philanthropists, governments, and multinational companies. Using the case of South Africa, where GM crops have been grown for several decades, we provide insights on implications for Malawi, which passed a Seed Act in 2022, implicitly supporting GM crops. Both countries have histories of colonial agriculture with strong policy support for modern, hybrid varieties of maize, and the replacement (and displacement) of local, open-pollinated maize varieties. In South Africa, several studies have revealed the contamination of smallholder fields and seed systems. Through a political ecology lens, we explore how maize and its cotechnologies were commodified in South Africa and Malawi, and what South African experiences of GM crop adoption in smallholder farming systems can tell us about the challenges to be faced by smallholder Malawian farmers. We reveal how colonial histories and ongoing colonialities of power, knowledge, being, and nature continue to shape the character and form of agriculture in both countries, running counter to the needs of agroecological smallholder farmers and their ways of knowing and being. We conclude by envisioning what reimagined, transformed and decolonial approaches for food and agriculture might look like on the African continent, and how they might contribute toward the attainment of food and seed sovereignty and an agroecological future.

Successful Team Strategy in Winning Regional Head Candidate Pairs (A Study of the Sambas District Elections from 2011, 2015 and 2020)

Successful team strategies in political campaigns involve various tactics and strategies designed to win voters' votes. Data Collection: Data collection through surveys and polls can help successful teams understand current issues that are important to voters and develop relevant campaign messages. Online Campaigns: Online campaigns have become more popular in modern political campaigns and can help successful teams build voter engagement and expand a campaign's reach. Live Campaigns: Live campaigns such as campaign tours, rallies, and candidate debates remain an important part of political campaigns and can help successful teams build relationships with voters and amplify campaign messages. Social Media: Social media can be a highly effective tool in modern political campaigns and can help successful teams build voter engagement, expand campaign reach, and amplify campaign messages. Positive Campaigns: Campaigns focusing on positive messages and a strong vision can help successful teams build strong support from voters. Assembling a Strong Team: A successful team of experienced people with different skills can help strengthen the campaign and ensure that the right strategies are used to win the election. Financial Management: Effective financial management can help successful teams maximize the use of resources and ensure that campaigns run smoothly.

Limited midlevel mediation of visual crowding: Surface completion fails to support uncrowding.

Visual crowding refers to impaired object recognition that is caused by nearby stimuli. It increases with eccentricity. Image-level explanations of crowding maintain that it is caused by information loss within early encoding processes that vary in functionality with eccentricity. Alternative explanations maintain that the interference is not limited to two-dimensional image-level interactions but that it is mediated within representations that reflect three-dimensional scene structure. Uncrowding refers to when adding stimulus information to a display, which increases the noise at an image level, nonetheless decreasing the amount of crowding that occurs. Uncrowding has been interpreted as evidence of midlevel mediation of crowding because the additional information tends to provide an opportunity for perceptually organizing stimuli into distinct and therefore protected representations. It is difficult, however, to rule out image-level explanations of crowding and uncrowding when stimulus differences exist between conditions. We adapted displays of a specific form of uncrowding to minimize stimulus differences across conditions, while retaining the potential for perceptual organization, specifically perceptual surface completion. Uncrowding under these conditions would provide strong support for midlevel mediation of crowding. In five experiments, however, we found no evidence of midlevel mediation of crowding, indicating that at least for this version of uncrowding, image-level explanations cannot be ruled out.

Re-thinking methane storage mechanism in highly metamorphic coalbed reservoirs — A molecular simulation considering organic components

Highly metamorphic coal plays a significant role in China's energy development plan owing to its high calorific value. Its complex organic composition provides outstanding storage capabilities for methane (clean and efficient unconventional natural gas), which leads to terrible gas outburst hazards. Minimizing the main storage sites of CH4 (micropores) through organic solvent extraction provides an efficient and safe route for exploiting coal and natural gas energy sources. This phenomenon can be elucidated by the removal of the chemical components that have an adverse impact on the micropore filling theory. In this study, we constructed macromolecular models of highly metamorphic coal, and relative dynamic simulations under experiment and field conditions are performed. The corresponding CH4 storage capacity and spatial coordination distribution of the coal after five treatments were derived. Combined with the results of the micropore filling theory, it was shown that the equilibrium distance of CH4 filling in the micropore increased with the degree of extraction (from 0.351 nm for XT to 0.572 nm for XT-DMF). Also, the trend of CH4 adsorption position in the representative samples (the number of monolayer affixations decreased from 10 to 9) provides crucial support for the conclusions, and the low-potential region with a high potential difference contributes to CH4 stability. The breakthrough of this study will provide strong support and a solid theoretical basis for the efficient and safe exploitation of CBM (Coalbed methane) energy resources.