Strong Retail Research Articles

Arima Forecasting In Soymeal And Beyond: An Empirical Study Bridging The Path To Millet-Based Forecasting

In India, Dealer Relationship Management (DRM). Has a significant importance due to opening up of domestic economy, as a result of globalization. The consumer durables products industry's complicated dealer-retailer connection is examined in this research. The study examines how trust, communication efficacy, long-term commitment, and service quality affect retailer’s loyalty. Interesting insights into these processes are found. While dealer trust and retailer’s loyalty are linked, it is not statistically significant, suggesting additional inquiry. However, the study shows that dealers' communication skills greatly affect retailer’s loyalty. Transparent, open, and timely communication drives strong retailer’s relationships, suggesting that equipping dealers with communication skills might help them last. Dealer devotion is strongly linked to retailer’s loyalty, according to the findings. Long-term engagement methods over short-term transactions are important to build deeper and more enduring relationships with retailers because retailers seek stability and continual assistance. Finally, service quality greatly affects retailer’s loyalty, according to the study. The study will be depended on primary data. The primary data was collected through a sample survey conducted in Andhra Pradesh state market. Stratified random sampling method was used to pick samples. The sample size was 150. The survey was conducted through personal interview based on a structured questionnaire. Structural Equation Model is used the analyze the data.

Design of New Retail Supply Chain Management System Based on Web 3.0

With the emergence of new retail formats, new retail has become a research hotspot in enterprises and academia. Digitalization is a new feature of the development and progress of today's human society, and the digital economy has also become the key field of the new round of international competition. With the development of digital economy, the retail industry is undergoing earth-shaking changes. The scale of retailers and the concentration of retail market are developing day by day, and retailers have become the managers leading production and sales. In the supply chain, it is called "strong retailer". Among these leading retailers, the dominance of supply chain has changed, from manufacturer to retailer. This paper designs a new retail supply chain management system based on Web3.0. This paper mainly introduces the design of system and framework in retailer supply chain management, how to realize retailer supply chain management and the future development prospect of supplier management supply chain.

Investigating a three-way interaction of manufacturer control, retail control and dependence on salesforce performance. Does the role of frontline employees matters ?

Dependence and retailer control on manufacturer's salesforce imply several challenges in retail channels. This research addresses how they affect the relationship between manufacturer control and salesforce performance due to the high level of salesforce investment. We conduct a moderated-moderation analysis.We investigate the moderating roles of retailer control and dependence on the relationship between manufacturer control and salesforce performance. To take into account the importance of the store frontline employee, we next studied the influence of his perception of the salesforce on the sales control systems in retailing. First, our results show that salesforce performance is influenced directly by manufacturer process control and, retail control and dependence moderate this relationship in two-way and three-way interactions. The salesforce subject to process control by manufacturer improves his performance under strong retailer outcome control while the manufacturer is in a low relative dependence. Second, employee perception of the salespeople mediates the link between manufacturer process and retailer outcome controls. We test our model in two studies and theoretically integrate retailer control, dependence, and employee perception of the salesforce, in the sales control literature. In the end, we provide practical implications to further improve salesforce performance and employee perception of the salespeople and future research suggestions.

Impacts of Marketing Strategy and Social Media Activity on the Profitability of Online Wine Shops: The Case of Hungary

Today, the wine business can benefit significantly from the advantages of online sales and the use of social media. However, while the online wine business is growing and the number of online buyers is increasing in Hungary, the impact of online marketing and social media use on their profitability is understudied. The research aims to apply qualitative data collection techniques such as web-content analysis to capture the elements of online marketing as an engine of stimulating profitability. For this reason, the top 12 Hungarian online wine shops were analyzed. The results revealed that the Hungarian online wine business is highly concentrated, the five main players (Vinotrade, Törley, Grape-Vine, Borháló, and Bortársaság) attract most buyers and account for the highest profit rate. Using online marketing channels and social media, wine shops can positively influence their profitability. In addition to the classic online marketing tools of the Internet (blogs, newsletters), social networks (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Pinterest) of wine shops become highly relevant to boost wine sales. However, offline platforms (wine tastings, dinners, picnics) are still used by Hungarian online wine business. Online shops with strong retail and wholesale connections were better off, and the retail pillar becomes more important.

Impact of pricing leadership on blockchain data acquisition efforts in a circular supply chain

Motivated by the industrial observation of the increasing application of blockchain in the supply chain and its improvement in terms of consumer demand, this study examines the impact of investment decisions of blockchain data acquisition nodes upstream and downstream of the supply chain on firms’ product recycling and pricing, market demand, and profits. The influences of different pricing leadership (i.e. supplier-led vs. retailer-led) in a supply chain are also thoroughly investigated. First, the presence of a strong retailer dramatically reduces suppliers’ incentive to invest in blockchain. However, the supplier is still likely to invest more in a retailer-led supply chain than that in a supply chain led by itself under certain conditions; that is, the cost of blockchain is relatively small, or consumers’ sensitivity to blockchain or product recycling benefits is rather large. Second, the total number of blockchain data acquisition nodes, market demand, and supply chain profit in a retailer-led supply chain are higher than in a supplier-led supply chain. Finally, interestingly, the supplier will be better off in a retailer-led supply chain when the return effect of product recycling is relatively high, while the cost-effectiveness of blockchain investment is relatively low.

Digital Transformation in the Stockbroking Industry and its Role in Strong Retail Investor Participation in the Indian Stock Market

The Indian stock market is experiencing a dramatic change in its investor participation structure by way of increased involvement of retail investors, especially after the introduction of various technology-backed mobile investment apps. The digital transformation in the stockbroking industry paved the way for attracting more retail investors through their investment apps, reduced investment costs like commission, Demat charges, and developments in the digital payment modes in India. The total Demat account holders of CDSL and NSDL combined crossed over 90 million as of 31st March 2022. The introduction of the concept of technology-backed discount stockbroking accelerated the competition in the stockbroking industry thereby compelling the traditional full-service brokers to switch from their outdated telephone-based trading arrangement to technology-backed trading arrangements for their investors. The real-time trading opportunities by monitoring the real-time price movements of securities helped retail investors to build their investment portfolios. Even though the digital transformation in the stockbroking industry is attracting more retail investors, retail participation in the Indian stock market is still very low compared to other developed and developing economies. By overcoming the various challenges that restrict individuals from investing in securities, the Indian stock market can experience a further increase in the overall retail investor participation. Drifting the savings of retail investors to the stock market instruments will strengthen the cashflows in the stock market.

Integrated marketing communications as a tool for building strong retail chain brand loyalty: case of Lithuania

In Lithuania, there is an intense competition happening between large retail chains for consumer loyalty. The research investigates the impact of retail chain brand factors and integrated marketing communication on retail brand loyalty. Two main brand outcomes are established for the study, i.e., retail brand factor and retail brand loyalty. For the retail brand factor five largest food and non-food retail chains in Lithuania: Maxima, Lidl, Rimi, Iki, and Norfa are selected. The relationships between integrated marketing communications (IMC), brand factors, and retail brand loyalty are examined. An online survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 272 consumers. For data analysis, statistical, mathematical methods such as correlation and regression analysis were applied. The research results revealed a statistically significant impact of retail brand identifiers and integrated marketing communication regarding consumers’ behavior to the retail brand chains’ choice. Regression is statistically significant and the coefficient of determination R2 is more than > 0.20, and the ANOVA p-value is less than 0.05, and a non-standardized coefficient of impact (non-standard β-coefficient) In terms of IMC tool impact on retail brand Maxima = 0.682, Lidl = 0.663, Rimi = 0.522, Iki = 0.469, Norfa = 0.540. The impact of the retail brand Maxima on customers’ retail brand loyalty is 0.961; Lidl is 0.882; Rimi is 0.824; Iki is 0.780; Norfa is 0.836, the impact of retail brand IMC tools on customers’ retail brand loyalty perceived values is Maxima = 0.721; Lidl = 0.558; Rimi = 0.737; Iki = 0.465; Norfa = 0.715.The paper’s value is reflected by identifying factors affecting consumer loyalty to retail chain brands through IMC in the retail market in Lithuania. Retailers should consider these factors as they impact consumer decisions to stay in a long-term relationship with them.

Outcome model or substitute model of D&O insurance on IPO pricing without information asymmetry before issuance

Because of information asymmetry and agency costs associated with investment bankers, initial public offerings (IPOs) are severely underpriced in many countries. Furthermore, investors may sue the managers of an IPO firm if the stock trading price decreases after stock issuance. Therefore, to mitigate the litigation risk, IPO firms purchase directors and officers (D&O) liability insurance. This study proposes outcome and substitute models of D&O insurance risk avoidance to examine whether holding D&O insurance influences IPO pricing. The outcome model implies that firms purchase D&O insurance owing to directors' and officers' conservative stance and reluctance to take aggressive decisions. The substitute model implies that directors and officers are aggressive when they have D&O insurance. Our empirical results support the outcome model, which is based on information concerning retail subscription, suggesting that firms purchase D&O insurance because directors and officers are conservative. However, IPO firms under D&O insurance coverage become aggressive when making pricing decisions, as evidenced by the strong retail subscription; thus, the substitute model dominates.

Promotion of Indian Drugs in Media

The Indian pharmaceutical industry is very wide and in volume it has been ranked 3rd in the world. It is contributing to 10% of the total pharmaceutical production. In terms of value the pharmaceutical industry is 14th largest in the world. As far as market is concerned it is 1.5% of the total pharmaceutical market. India is a good source of good quality and cheap medicines with strong retail base. It is also a hub for clinical trials, biotechnology, contract research, and clinical data management services. There has been tremendous competition among all pharmaceutical companies. In this competitive situation, media has emerged as a strong tool to promote pharmaceutical drug to end customers. This research paper contributes to the different aspects of pharmaceutical drug promotion in media in India.

THE SUSTAINABLE BRAND EQUITY MODEL. A RETAIL STUDY MEASURING SUSTAINABLE BRAND EQUITY

THE SUSTAINABLE BRAND EQUITY MODEL. A RETAIL STUDY MEASURING SUSTAINABLE BRAND EQUITY

National Health Care Spending In 2016: Spending And Enrollment Growth Slow After Initial Coverage Expansions.

Total nominal US health care spending increased 4.3percent and reached $3.3trillion in 2016. Per capita spending on health care increased by $354, reaching $10,348. The share of gross domestic product devoted to health care spending was 17.9percent in 2016, up from 17.7percent in 2015. Health spending growth decelerated in 2016 following faster growth in 2014 and 2015 associated with coverage expansions under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and strong retail prescription drug spending growth. In 2016 the slowdown was broadly based, as spending for the largest categories by payer and by service decelerated. Enrollment trends drove the slowdown in Medicaid and private health insurance spending growth in 2016, while slower per enrollee spending growth influenced Medicare spending. Furthermore, spending for retail prescription drugs slowed, partly as a result of lower spending for drugs used to treat hepatitis C, while slower use and intensity of services drove the slowdown in hospital care and physician and clinical services.

Does MAX Matter for Mutual Funds?

We examine the lottery characteristics of mutual funds. We proxy for lottery characteristics using past extreme daily returns within a month, or MAX. We find that high MAX funds underperform both in portfolio sorts and cross-sectional regression tests. This result suggests that the MAX effect documented for individual stocks is also present within diversified portfolios of mutual funds. Using mutual fund flows, we also show direct evidence of strong retail, but not institutional, investor demand for high MAX funds. Overall, our findings indicate that retail investors exhibit demand for lottery-like funds that are likely to suffer from future underperformance.

The impacts of financial regulations: solvency and liquidity in the post-crisis period

PurposeBasel III and the capital stress testing introduced new requirements and new definitions while retaining the structure of the pre-2010 requirements. The total number of requirements increased, making it difficult to determine which and how many constraints are binding. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the new financial regulations in the post-financial crisis period, focusing on the capital and liquidity regulations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors explore the impact of financial regulations using various data sources – financial and accounting data from Y-9C Reports. Market data such as daily bond trading from TRACE through the Wharton Data Research Services and Treasury yield from the Bloomberg. The authors use regression analysis to examine the roles of capital adequacy and liquidity regulations.FindingsThe authors’ analysis in this paper suggest that Basel III, CET1 and Level 1 HQLAs requirements post-financial crisis have reshaped the balance sheets of large financial institutions, with some differential impacts on traditional versus capital markets banks. These changes appear to respond to the binding constraints (CET1 being a preponderance of required regulatory capital, Level 1 HQLAs a majority of required HQLAs and the expense of both) created by these new requirements, which also appear to have constrained asset growth at such institutions. Consistent with the authors’ view, their results suggest that the new requirements are less constraining for large traditional banks (such institutions show a rapid increase in CET1 capital to steady-state levels by 2012 and strong retail deposit rebuilding resulting in a relatively low required HQLA) and much more so, particularly the liquidity requirement, for the capital markets banks (such institutions show continuous building of CET1 capital over the post-crisis observation period, declines in the share of trading assets and increases in the share of HQLAs combined with efforts to increase retail deposits). Credit risk spreads rose dramatically during the financial crisis of 2008-2009. Although decreased, they remain higher and with greater dispersion (for both groups of banks) than pre-crisis. Preliminary regression analysis suggests that the market responds to changes in measured liquidity, rather than the regulatory capital ratios, when pricing bank risk (as reflected on bond spreads).Research limitations/implicationsThe estimation is based on historical relationship in the data. We must be cautious in extrapolating the results in a different environment.Practical implicationsThere appears to be an arbitrage between HQLA and retail deposits. Capital markets banks and traditional banks follow different business models as evident in the analysis in this paper.Social implicationsMarket pricing suggests that the liquidity measures are more transparent and easier to understand. Capital ratios are not as easy to interpret.Originality/valueOriginal research. To the authors’ knowledge, there is no paper that examines impacts of capital and liquidity regulations after the crisis at capital markets banks vs traditional banks – using both accounting data and market data.

Customer Based Retailer Equity of Apparel Retail Stores

The present competitive retail environment demands the rise of the retailer as a brand and its brand equity as of importance. The research gap of mediating nature of associations and perceived quality and their role in converting the customers from the awareness stage to loyalty was the focus of this research. Customer based retailer equity is conceptualized as a multi-dimensional construct comprising of : retailer awareness, retailer associations, retailer perceived quality, and retailer loyalty. A questionnaire based survey was conducted among the female customers of the major apparel retail stores in Coimbatore. The empirical analysis revealed that there is a positive correlation among the four dimensions of retailer equity. The hierarchical regression analysis was carried out by meeting the four requirements of Baron and Kenny (1986) for the mediator variables. Retailer association and retailer perceived quality were found to be acting as mediators between retailer awareness and retailer loyalty relationship, as the effect of retailer awareness was found to be remarkably lower and became non significant in the final model. This research paper highlighted three important theoretical contributions to retailer equity. First, the paper empirically tested the retailer equity model in the Indian retail context. Second, it explained the interrelationships among the four dimensions of retailer equity. Third, the paper attempted to fill in the gap of retailer equity research by demonstrating the existence of potential causal order of relationships among retailer equity dimensions as in the brand equity literature. The conceptual and practical outcome of the empirical results is that the four dimensions can be bundled together as marketing strategies. Strong retail brand awareness will help the retailers to attract customers into the store for the first time. However, a customer is converted into a loyal customer based upon the strength of favorable associations created by the retailers and by meeting the customers' quality expectations.

Supply Chain Coordination for Strong Retailer with Extended Warranty under Network Externality

This paper constructed a retailer-leading supply chain system considering the extended warranty (EW) with single manufacturer and single retailer to study the influence of network externality on retailer-leading supply chain coordination. First of all, we analyzed and compared the retail price, EW price, EW quality, and the total system profit in centralized and decentralized model respectively. Then we analyzed the influence of network externality on decision variables and system profits. We found that the network externality increased the loss of decision efficiency. After that, we considered the coordination of the supply chain system with extended warranty. Finally, some numerical examples were presented for further analysis.

An innovation perspective on Chinese retailers' competitive advantage

Given the emergence of strong local retail firms in China over the last two decades, this paper aims to explore their competence enhancement and capability building process from the innovation perspective. Innovative measures on retail format, activity and governance dimensions of three leading local retailers in China are investigated using an in-depth case study approach. After each case is studied on the three dimensions, a cross-case analysis is conducted using thematic analysis to examine their innovative strategies and to explore their sources of innovation. The three cases share notable similarities in their strategies that are in sharp contrast to those of foreign retailers. On the retail format dimension, they have all achieved differentiation by formulating niche strategies and succeeded in creating a strong reputation among customers and retaining the same. On the retailing activities dimension, they have all developed a profit-making model through unique supply chain management and stressed construction of logistics centres and operational standardisation. On the governance dimension, they have established an efficient incentive and reward mechanism to motivate employees and encourage innovative practice. They have also built long-term collaborative relationships with their suppliers. Based on these three cases, it is also found that local embeddedness, latecomers' advantages, business agility and a risk taking entrepreneurial mentality are the crucial factors behind the generation of efficient innovations of China's local retailers. With these findings, this paper has extended and enriched existing knowledge on latecomers' catch up and service innovation. It has constructed an analytical framework for retail innovation by building on relevant attempts in the existing literature. A theoretical framework that explains how indigenous Chinese retailers have managed to successfully compete with foreign retailers in China using innovative strategies has also been established based on empirical data.

RETAIL AMENITIES AND URBAN SPRAWL

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the interaction between local retail markets and population density in cities. We demonstrate that welfare costs of urban sprawl need not come only from road congestion or environmental externalities, as often suggested in the literature. A city also forgoes potential agglomeration economies in retail when it settles into a spatially sprawling equilibrium. Our theory predicts an additional spatial equilibrium where the city is inefficiently dense, characterized by strong retail agglomeration economies within the core.

Metropolitan Activity Centre Planning in Australia: Implications of Millennial Consumption Practices

Australian state planning authorities, in seeking to impose order in activity centre networks, prepare high-level strategic plans to regulate the distribution, composition and size of activity centres in metropolitan areas. Typically, these plans are descendants of metropolitan plans prepared in the 1950s, which had a strong retail and master planning focus. Their intellectual foundation, however, lies in classic spatial economic theory from the 1920s and 1930s. Whilst these theoretical underpinnings may have sufficed a decade or more ago, this article argues that normal supply and demand models cannot explain the impact of changing retail consumption practices on activity centres. Accordingly, the article discusses the development of online marketing channels from the beginning of the millennium and the role experiential retailing will play in activity centre development. The article presents an integrative conceptual model highlighting the main relationships between retail consumers, retail businesses and planning regulators, and introduces utilitarian and hedonic consumption as the main drivers of retail demand. The article finally suggests how the changing nature of demand will affect retail formats and ultimately the composition and nature of activity centres.

Cooperative advertising with a strong retailer and a weak manufacturer: a closer look at the consumer electronics industry

Models of cooperative advertising analysed until recently have mainly revolved around two cases: 1) strong manufacturer, weak retailer; 2) strong manufacturer, equally strong retailer. These are not generalisable to market dynamics in all countries and all industries. Despite being understudied, a case that is growing in significance is that of weak manufacturers and strong retailers. In this study, we focus on a manufacturer that is excessively weak in comparison to the retailer. Such manufacturers are dominating the consumer electronics industry in developing countries where there is a need for low-priced products with acceptable quality. They partner with strong retailers, and invest heavily in cooperative advertising in order to communicate product related information to potential customers and generate sales. We aim to analyse the weak manufacturer-strong retailer setting with a game theoretic approach, focusing on the strategic impacts of retail channel marketing and co-op advertising sharing policy. Sequential and simultaneous-move game models are examined to determine the optimal co-op advertising strategies that maximise both players’ profits. It is found that when the distribution of power between the retailer and the manufacturer is highly unbalanced, the only feasible non-cooperative game model is the leader-follower scheme in which the retailer decides both the channel marketing investment level and the co-op advertising sharing policy.

Influence of Retail Cigarette Advertising, Price Promotions, and Retailer Compliance on Youth Smoking-Related Attitudes and Behaviors

Exposure to retail tobacco marketing is associated with youth smoking, but most studies have relied on self-reported measures of exposure, which are prone to recall bias. To examine whether exposure to retail cigarette advertising, promotions, and retailer compliance is associated with youth smoking-related outcomes using observational estimates of exposure. Data on retail cigarette advertising and promotions were collected from a representative sample of licensed tobacco retailers in New York annually since 2004. County-level estimates of retail cigarette advertising and promotions and retailer compliance with youth access laws were calculated and linked to the New York Youth Tobacco Survey, administered to 54,671 middle and high school students in 2004, 2006, and 2008. Regression models examined whether cigarette advertising, promotions, and retailer compliance were associated with youth's awareness of retail cigarette advertising, attitudes about smoking, susceptibility to smoking, cigarette purchasing behaviors, and smoking behaviors. Living in counties with more retail cigarette advertisements is associated with youth having positive attitudes about smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.19, P < .01). Living in counties with more retail cigarette promotions is associated with youth current smoking (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.01-2.44, P < .05). Living in counties with higher retailer compliance with youth access laws is associated with higher odds of youth being refused cigarettes when attempting to buy in stores (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01-1.25, P < .05) and lower odds of retail stores being youth's usual source of cigarettes (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80-0.97, P < .01). Strong retailer compliance programs and policies that eliminate cigarette advertising and promotions may help reduce youth smoking.