Strong Element Research Articles

New low-activation austenitic steel for nuclear power engineering

Vacuum induction melting is used to fabricate a new low-activation chromium-manganese austenitic steel with an increased, compared to well-known analogues, manganese content and additional alloying with strong carbide-forming elements (with a high tendency to carbide formation). Using the methods of transmission and scanning electron microscopy, the features of its microstructure, elemental and phase compositions in the solution treated state are studied. It is shown that the steel has an austenitic structure with a grain size of tens of micrometers. Its dislocation substructure is represented by flat dislocation pileups, which is typical for materials with low stacking fault energy. Coarse (submicron) particles of MC carbides (M = Ti, Ta, Zr, W) are found along the boundaries and inside the grains. Nanosized particles of the MC type fix the grain and subgrain boundaries and the dislocation substructure of the steel. Mechanical tensile tests are carried out at room and elevated temperatures. It is shown that the new steel has higher yield and tensile strength values, as well as elongation to failure compared to the austenitic chromium-nickel steels currently used in nuclear power engineering and well-known chromium-manganese low-activation steels.

Tracing the Innovation – Decision Process for Adopting Microchip Implants: Reflections and Experiences of Estonian Employees

Relying on the diffusion of innovations theory by Everett Rogers (1962 [2003]), the current paper traces the five steps of the innovation-decision process for adopting microchip implants in a workplace. Semi-structured individual interviews with microchipped employees (n=14) from six different organisations in Estonia were carried out to explore their opinions and experiences with adopting the use of microchip implants in their workplaces. Our analysis indicates that social reinforcement from their colleagues played an important role in the formation of the attitudes and beliefs of our interviewees about microchip implants. In fact, a strong element of homophily existed within the social system both on the organisational and interpersonal levels. Our findings suggest that the employees who decided to get microchip implants were considered to be more loyal and dedicated, as well as more in sync with the overall goals and values of the organisation; the employees who rejected the innovation were viewed as less motivated and not as invested in their organisations. All our interviewees stressed that they were voluntary adopters of the innovation and wholeheartedly believed in the value of trade-offs between convenience and privacy.

Dopamine and the Causes, Prevention, and Advanced Treatments of Parkinson’s Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a wide range of motor and non-motor symptoms. Despite optimal medical management, PD still results in a high disability rate and secondary complications, and many patients lead a sedentary lifestyle, which in turn is also associated with a higher co-morbidity and mortality. Dopamine is a type of monoamine neurotransmitter. It is made in your brain and acts as a chemical messenger, communicating messages between nerve cells in your brain and the rest of your body. Dopamine is what motivates us to do something. Dopamine is a large factor in many of our day-to-day actions: it decides our mood, what we remember, and even how we move and act. This Dopamine and PD study is anticipated to inform those with PD of treatments that work better than others. Strong elements of this research paper include treatments such as MR-Guided focused Ultrasound, Gene Therapy, Park-in-Shape, and the rise of a PD Vaccine. This research paper's secondary goal is to inform those looking to avoid PD or who already have PD and wish to avoid the symptoms on how to avoid the symptoms of the disease. This Dopamine and PD study aims to explain what dopamine is, how it works, how it affects the body, and the effects of unhealthy levels of dopamine.

Vibration of nonlocal strain gradient functionally graded nonlinear nanobeams using a novel locally adaptive strong quadrature element method

The primary objective of this paper is to propose a novel method to derive Differential Quadrature Method matrices with several degrees of freedom at the boundaries that can be used to build Strong Quadrature Elements to solve fourth and higher-order equations of motion. The proposed method, referred to as Locally adaptive Strong Quadrature Element Method, is applied to higher-order equations of motion for nonlinear graded Timoshenko and Euler-Bernoulli nanobeams formulated using the Second Strain Gradient Theory or the Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory. To limit the formulation complexity, the proposed approach is based on the regular formulation of the differential quadrature method combined with custom-built transfer matrices. Moreover, it does not require a different formulation for fourth and sixth-order equations and can be extended beyond sixth-order equations. Validation was carried out using examples from the literature as well as data obtained using the classical Locally adaptive Quadrature Element Method. Both linear and nonlinear frequencies were evaluated for a large number of configurations and boundary conditions. The proposed approach resulted in good accuracy and a convergence speed comparable to the conventional Locally adaptive Quadrature Element Method.

Periocular Data Fusion for Age and Gender Classification.

In recent years, the study of soft biometrics has gained increasing interest in the security and business sectors. These characteristics provide limited biometric information about the individual; hence, it is possible to increase performance by combining numerous data sources to overcome the accuracy limitations of a single trait. In this research, we provide a study on the fusion of periocular features taken from pupils, fixations, and blinks to achieve a demographic classification, i.e., by age and gender. A data fusion approach is implemented for this purpose. To build a trust evaluation of the selected biometric traits, we first employ a concatenation scheme for fusion at the feature level and, at the score level, transformation and classifier-based score fusion approaches (e.g., weighted sum, weighted product, Bayesian rule, etc.). Data fusion enables improved performance and the synthesis of acquired information, as well as its secure storage and protection of the multi-biometric system's original biometric models. The combination of these soft biometrics characteristics combines flawlessly the need to protect individual privacy and to have a strong discriminatory element. The results are quite encouraging, with an age classification accuracy of 84.45% and a gender classification accuracy of 84.62%, respectively. The results obtained encourage the studies on periocular area to detect soft biometrics to be applied when the lower part of the face is not visible.

Language as an Identity Marker in Sumnima: A Socio-Linguistic Perspective

BP Koirala’s novel Sumnima has a special use of language made as an identity marker between the characters of two major cultural groups: Brahmins and Kirats. The researchers have studied Sumnima from different other perspectives like Freudian psychoanalysis, humanism, nationalism and existentialism among others. However, the power of language used in it and the sociolinguistic influence created on human communities through the characters has been almost ignored. The main objective of studying the novel for this article is to find what effect has been created through language by the novelist in socio-cultural phenomenon and how language generates power and social status. The critical insights of socio-linguistics have been used to analyze the primary text. The researcher has found that the main function of language is not only as a means of communicating one’s ideas and feelings in day-to-day life but it has social, cultural and even psychological functions to perform. It is a very strong socio-cultural element that does not only guide the human society but also provides its users the whole array of knowledge and perception that function as one’s identity marker in the society. It has its effect on all human identity, knowledge and other aspects of life including human unconscious, culture, practices, social status, personal attainment and exercise of power. The way it creates and exercises power can be used as a teaching pedagogy as well.

THE ESSENTIAL OF CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE POST CONFLICT COUNTRIES

Capacity development is a concept which is broader than organizational development in that it includes an emphasis on the overall system, environment or context within which individuals, organizations and societies operate and interact (and not simply a single organization)(UNDP, 1998). It can also be the process of developing competencies and capabilities in individuals, groups, organizations, sectors or countries which will lead to sustained and self-generating performance improvement (Aus AID, 2004). Capacity building is badly needed in South Sudan. Much of the adult population spent its youth in war with a minority having access to education abroad; therefore, everything from education, technical training, business training, entrepreneurship and other capacity is required. Anyone doing business in South Sudan should definitely consider a strong CSR element in capacity building, which could take various forms: vocational training, mentoring, or supplementary training. Note that due to the length of the war, there is a general absence of skilled labor or a work ethic in South Sudan. Startup companies may need to consider importing some skilled labor, or trying to identify individuals returning from various Diaspora with the requisite skills (USAID, 2012). Capacity development has the following attributes; Knowledge, Skills, Competencies, Capabilities and innovations

Furious Feedback and the Revolutionary Ode to Noise

Furious Feedback and the Revolutionary Ode to Noise

Personal Branding terhadap Sosial Media

This study aims to determine the influence and way of carrying personal branding from Indonesian content creator Atta Halilintar through uploading his YouTube video. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that Atta Halilintar really cares about himself as a personal branding which includes, a) personality; b) Style and style; c) selection of outfits and infits with well-known brands, d) creativity in creating works. This made him a success known to many people and dubbed the king of youtube. In conclusion, Atta Halilintar's personal branding is also a strong personal branding element because it has unique values ​​and personalities that are different from the content of other male creators. His personal branding is related to the needs of his target group and is consistently built on social media with linear content that reflects his personal branding.
 Keywords: Personal branding, Content creator, King of Youtube

Exploring the Challenges to Adopt Green Initiatives to Supply Chain Management for Manufacturing Industries

Green initiatives have been widely introduced and have contributed to attaining sustainability and improving performance for supply chain management. However, only a few studies focus on green supply chain management (GSCM) practices in Vietnam. Hence, this work is the first study modeling the challenges in implementing green initiatives in the Vietnamese manufacturing supply chain. The authors aim to identify the fundamental challenges and evaluate the cross-interactions among them. The Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) method has been employed, based on experts’ perspectives, to clarify which factor is the most potent challenge. Consequently, seven major challenge clusters have been identified, and they were divided into nineteen sub-challenges. Meanwhile, the authors evaluated their interrelationships based on the hierarchical structure diagram and the Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliquée á un Classement (MICMAC) analysis. It is observed that the “Financial Costs” elements group is the most difficult, followed by the lack of the Vietnamese government’s green regulation and the lack of senior managers’ support. The “Information” challenges cluster is considered as the middle bridge between the strong and weak elements. At the end of the diagram, two challenges are a lack of training courses about implementing GSCM and a lack of customer awareness and pressure about GSCM. Hence, these findings will become valuable suggestions for the top managers of Vietnamese manufacturers to make blueprint decisions.

First-principles calculations on brazed diamond with FeCoCrNi high entropy alloys doped with strong carbide-forming elements

FeCoCrNi alloy is one of the most widely studied high-entropy alloys due to its excellent properties such as extreme hardness, excellent wear resistance, and good chemical stability. However, the feasibility of using FeCoCrNi alloy as the filler for brazing diamond and the related interfacial bonding mechanisms are unclear. In this work, the interfacial bonding behaviors between FeCoCrNi filler and diamond, and the influences of strong carbide-forming elements X (X = Mo, Mn, Ti, V, W, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta) doping into FeCoCrNi filler on the brazed diamond were systematically investigated through first-principles calculations method. The calculated interfacial segregation work and interfacial energies show FeCoCrNi/diamond interface has a higher interfacial bonding strength and stability than Ni–Cr/diamond interface. The calculated embedding energies show that these strong carbide-forming elements X are more likely to segregate in the interfacial region close to the diamond. The doping of X, especially Hf, Zr, Ta, and Nb, significantly enhances the interfacial bonding strength and stability of the FeCoCrNi/diamond interface. Combining with further analysis of electronic structures, it is suggested that the FeCoCrNiNb is an ideal high entropy alloy filler for brazing diamond due to its dual effects on interface strengthening of FeCoCrNi/diamond and graphitization inhibiting of diamond.

Textsetting as sequence alignment

We argue that textsetting is better accounted for under the framework of sequence comparison, whereby textsetting is taken to be an instance of sequence alignment. Given a text, a tune, and an alignment procedure, we argue that all one needs is to align strong elements of one sequence (the text) to elements of the other (the tune). We show that, in many cases, the only principle needed to account for textsetting in English folk music is Strength Match, i.e., matching stressed syllables to strong beats. Many constraints proposed by previous treatments are to be discarded if we allow our textsetting model to compare between different possible textsettings and then choose the optimal one. The optimization problem is automated under the framework of dynamic programming, which allows us to create a distance metric to score all possible alignments. Moreover, we show that preferred textsettings always have the highest score, when compared to other textsettings that are either ill-formed or less preferred.

Do differences in brute luck influence preferences for redistribution in favour of the environment and health?

Redistributive justice is based on the premise that it is unfair for people to be better or worse off relative to others simply because of their fortune or misfortune. It assumes equal opportunities arising from four factors: social circumstances, effort, option luck and brute luck. This paper seeks to investigate how differences in perceived brute luck influence individual preferences for redistribution in favour of two public policies: “health intervention” and “environmental actions”. These policies are viewed somewhat differently: the environment is considered a pure “public good” and health, more as a “private good” with a strong public good element. Consequently, potential self-serving biases inherent in the preferences for redistributive policies are expected to differ, more likely favouring health than the environment. The perceived degree of brute luck may capture such a difference—those perceiving themselves as luckiest should be less amenable to redistribution in favour of health than the unluckiest. Data from the three waves (2000, 2006 and 2008) of a French population survey are used to examine this self-serving bias. A Generalised Ordered Logit (GOL) model is found to be statistically more relevant compared to other logistic regression models (multinomial and ordered). We find that a perceived low degree of brute luck is significantly associated with a decreased preference of redistributive environmental policies but the reverse is true for redistributive health policies, i.e., association with an increased preference. Assuming that all inequalities due to differing luck are unjust, this empirical validation gives redistributive justice grounds for equalisation policies regarding health.

Expanding Domain Knowledge Elements for Metro Construction Safety Risk Management Using a Co-Occurrence-Based Pathfinding Approach

Knowledge is a contribution factor leading to more effective and efficient construction safety management. Metro construction practitioners always find it difficult to determine what specialized knowledge is needed in order to lead to better safety risk management. Currently, domain knowledge elements are generally determined by experts, which is coarse-grained and uncomprehensive. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a structure of domain knowledge elements, using an automatic approach to expand domain knowledge elements (DKEs) from a big dataset of unstructured text documents. First, the co-word co-occurrence network (CCN) was used to find the connected knowledge elements, and then the association rule mining (ARM) was compiled to prune the weakly related subnetworks, leaving the strong associated elements. Finally, a list of DKEs in the metro construction safety risk management was obtained. The result shows that the obtained DKEs are more comprehensive and valuable compared to previous studies. The proposed approach provides an automatic way to expand DKEs from a small amount of known knowledge, minimizing the expert bias. This study also contributes to building a fine-grained knowledge structure for metro construction safety risk management. The structure can be used to guide safety training and help knowledge-based safety risk management.

Fethiye: Turkey’s ‘Little Britain' – residential tourists’ identity and relationships

ABSTRACT This paper examines the Turkish resort town of Fethiye’s large British population of permanent residents, who have added to the physical and cultural character of the town. To understand why these individuals decided to relocate to Fethiye, and what their lives are like in the town, 17 semi-structured interviews with British residential tourists were conducted. The paper reveals a complex identity paradox, where many feel that the stigma surrounding the term ‘expat’, and what it means to be a ‘Brit abroad’, has impacted their identity, relationships and judgement of fellow residential tourists. The study also uncovers the motivational characteristics for their relocation, from which a strong financial element towards the choice of Turkey was revealed. Host–guest relationships are also explored, revealing largely positive attitudes towards the Turkish community.

Image Detection for Common Human Skin Diseases in Indonesia Using CNN and Ensemble Learning Method

Skin disease is a common health problem throughout the world which is one of the main causes of global disease. Skin and subcutaneous diseases managed to contribute 1.79% of global diseases and also became the fourth leading cause of the burden of non-fatal diseases and disability in 2013. Indonesia was ranked 29th out of 195 countries in Asia which indirectly contributed to in contributing to the transmission of skin diseases due to several causes such as lack of access to health care services, poor hygiene conditions, and also population density. Based on the information revealed in the book entitled illustrated guide on various skin diseases commonly found in Indonesia, it is stated that skin diseases ranging from herpes, ringworm, chickenpox, scabies, to psoriasis are often found in Indonesia. With current technological advances, it is possible for humans to be able to recognize various skin diseases with the help of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Method. A total of 1203 images containing types of skin diseases such as herpes simplex, pityriasis, psoriasis, tinea corporis, scabies, and also vitiligo will be a class in the classification process, but because most images are still unbalanced and do not have strong object elements, it is necessary to do this. data preparation and data balancing is also needed so that the architectural model will not be difficult to learn. By using k-fold cross validation and carrying out the ensemble method, the results of the model evaluation will be in the form of an accuracy matrix where the results of each model will be compared and it will be determined which model is the best based on the results obtained. The test results that produce Cross Validation show that the RGB image is superior where the accuracy value obtained is 49% and the Grayscale image has an accuracy of 47%. however, when compared with the ensemble results, Grayscale images have superior accuracy results, namely the accuracy results are 93% and RGB images produce only 86.

Effect of nitrogen content on the mechanical properties and deformation behaviors of ferritic-pearlitic steels

The effect of nitrogen content (0.001 wt%, 0.009 wt%, 0.017 wt%) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and deformation behaviors of a medium-carbon ferritic-pearlitic steel is investigated in this study. The addition of nitrogen is shown to have little effect on the ferrite-pearlite microstructure and only marginally coarsens it because austenite grain growth is promoted. Although nitrogen is a strong element for solid solution strengthening, nitrogen addition only marginally improves the strength of the steel and has little effect on the ductility because fine Fe3N phases are precipitated during the tensile process. The toughness of the steel is markedly decreased by the addition of nitrogen because the dislocation locking effect caused by interstitial nitrogen atoms is enhanced. When the nitrogen content increases from 0.001 wt% to 0.017 wt%, the yield-point phenomenon in the tensile process is first strengthened and then weakened. The yield-point phenomenon is closely related to the dislocation behaviors in proeutectoid ferrite, and the different yield-point phenomena under different nitrogen contents are related to the dislocation locking effect caused by interstitial nitrogen atoms and to the dislocation pinning effect caused by Fe3N phases.

ACP[D(s)0,+→Vγ] from a large O8 contribution

$CP$ violation in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}{A}_{\mathrm{CP}}=\ensuremath{-}0.154(29)$, in the ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}/{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ system, is established, and its central value is 1 order of magnitude above the naive Standard Model (SM) estimate. It remains unclear whether this is due to currently incalculable strong interaction matrix elements or genuine new physics, such as a shift in ${\mathcal{O}}_{8}$ with a weak phase. We show that interference of the long-distance (LD) terms with the ${\mathcal{O}}_{8}$ matrix element can give rise to ${A}_{CP}^{D\ensuremath{\rightarrow}V\ensuremath{\gamma}}=\mathrm{few}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ (for reference values $\mathrm{Im}[{C}_{8}^{\mathrm{NP}}]\ensuremath{\approx}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$). In addition, it is pointed out that the ratio of left- to right-handed (photon polarization) LD amplitudes is measurable in time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries. We argue that both theory and experimental consideration favor weak annihilation (WA) as the dominant LD contribution. More definite progress could be achieved by either computing the radiative corrections to WA or the measurement of the charged modes ${D}_{(d,s)}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(\ensuremath{\rho},{K}^{*}{)}^{+}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and ${D}_{s}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{+}\ensuremath{\gamma}$.

‘Nineteenth‐Century’ Subdominants

ABSTRACTThe harmonic dualist notion of two commensurate ‘systems’ – authentic and plagal – proposed by Daniel Harrison in 1994 has not been widely accepted, but it enabled him to uncover strong plagal elements in the music of late nineteenth‐century European composers, and it gives much heft to the generally accepted view that the subdominant acquired greater autonomy in music of the fin de siècle. If we allow for the idea that the subdominant and the dominant play dual, though emphatically unequal, roles in tonal music, then it might follow that the subdominant in ascendency suggests the dominant in decline. Are there signs within Austro‐German music of the earlier nineteenth century that the subdominant had begun to assume this more ascendant status? I answer in the affirmative, with examples from the music of Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Fanny Hensel, Robert Schumann, Felix Mendelssohn, Richard Wagner and the young Johannes Brahms. Instances of the affective character of the subdominant in this music run the gamut from associations with the pastoral, with the world of night and dreams and magic, to implications of the ecstatic and, finally, to the expression of deepest grief.

Biography and Bernard Bailyn: The Ordeal of Thomas Hutchinson and the “Logical Obligation” of Historical Research

Biography and Bernard Bailyn: <i>The Ordeal of Thomas Hutchinson</i> and the “Logical Obligation” of Historical Research