The concentrations of hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pharmaceutical antibiotics and biomolecules in water systems are closely related with public health and ecological security. Thus, the convenient and accurate detection of these harmful items can not only reflect the state of human health but also evaluate the level of homologous contamination in the environment. To this end, a new Cd(II)-CP ({[Cd3L2(bmoe)]·DMF}n) with excellent luminescence properties was designed by employing the semi-rigid tricarboxylic acid 4-(2′,3′-dicarboxylphenoxy) (H3L) and N-donor ligand 1,1′-bis(1H-benzimidazolyl) oxydiethane (bmoe). The as-prepared Cd-CP features the unique uninodal sql topology. Benefiting from its great stability in the aqueous system, Cd-CP serves as a versatile multifunctional fluorescent sensor for different analytes, ascorbic acid (AA), nitrofuran antibiotics nitrofurantoin (NFT) and nitrofurazone (NFZ) and acetylacetone (ACAC). The established methods are characterized with impressive low detection limits, ultrafast response time, high sensitivity, strong anti-interference ability, as well as reliable reproducibility. Experimental and theoretical calculation reveals that the collaborative effects of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), inner-filter effect (IFE) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) are the most probable causes behind the quenching of the CP's fluorescence signal.