Stressful Work Environment Research Articles

What goes around comes around: Nightmares and daily stress are bidirectionally associated in nurses.

Nurses may experience frequent nightmares due to stressful work environments. Nightmares may also exacerbate stress among nurses, although this has yet to be tested empirically. We examined daily bidirectional associations between stress severity and nightmares, and moderation by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. 392 nurses (92% female; 78% White) completed 14 days of sleep diaries to assess previous-day stress severity and nightmare occurrence and severity. PTSD symptoms were assessed at baseline. Multilevel models were used to examine bidirectional, within-person associations between daily stress and nightmares, and cross-level moderation by baseline PTSD symptoms. 47.2% of nurses reported at least one nightmare across the two weeks. Days with greater stress were associated with higher odds of experiencing a nightmare (OR=1.22, p=0.001), as well as greater nightmare severity (b=0.09, p=0.033). Nightmare occurrence was associated with greater next-day stress severity (b = 0.15, p < 0.001). Daily stress and nightmare associations were similar for those with and without PTSD symptoms. Nightmares and stress may occur in a bidirectional fashion. Nurses face intense occupational demands and frequent exposure to potentially traumatic events. Studies should explore whether targeting nightmares and stress may improve nurses' health and well-being.

Occupational Stress and Its Impact on Work and Work-Life Balance among Nurses in a Large Private Hospital in South India

The job stress is common among all the professions. The nursing profession is combined with stressfulwork environments and heavy workload that are leading to work life imbalance. Stress has been a routineand accepted as part of the nursing profession and there is lack of research on occupational stress in southIndia. The aim of this study is to find out the factors of occupational stress and its impact on work andwork life balance of nursing professionals in a large private hospital in south India. There are many reasonsthat affect work life balance of the nursing professionals. The study is focused on more on factors thatleads to occupational stress. The universe of the study was nursing professionals in a large private hospitalin South India. For this study purpose the researcher is used quantitative study method and descriptiveresearch design. The hospital is having more than one thousand bed capacity and consists of 600 nursingprofessional including permanent and contractual nature of employment. The study sample consists of 60respondents (permanent nurses) including both male and female nursing professional are selected. Simplerandom sampling method is used and collected primary data. The data is collected by using self-administeredquestionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed among in all the wards/units of the hospital. The dataanalysis was done through Microsoft Excel and the inferences were drawn and presented. The findings of thestudy reveal that the heavy workload, long working hours and insufficient staff are the main factors that leadto occupational stress. The stress really affected on their work life balance and nursing professionals werenot able to concentrate on their work which will also lead to other health related problem.

Assessment of perceived labor market conditions in employees’ turnover intention model – mediation and moderation analyzes

Purpose This paper aims to examine employee perceptions of the labor market in the employee turnover intention model and explores how different situations outside work (labor market conditions) play a role in employee-organizational membership. In addition, it also examines the mediating role of commitment in the relationship between stress and the turnover model. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 628 private school teachers working in the economically depressed state of J&amp;K (India), which were randomly selected. Confirmatory factor analysis was used for validation of a scale. Structural equation modeling and PROCESS by Hayes was used to test the hypothesized relationships between the study variables. Findings The antecedents of occupational stressors contribute negatively toward employees’ psychological state resulting in undesirable employee-organizational relationships such as high turnover intentions and low organizational commitment. Nevertheless, lack of external job opportunities compels employees to maintain organizational membership, even though against the stressful working environment. Research limitations/implications This study while acknowledging the inherent limitations, questionnaires are susceptible to and single sectional nature of the study poses limitations. Practical implications The practical implication explains that the employee and organization relationship is governed more by external economic conditions than by the psychological feelings of the employees toward the organization (organizational commitment). As also, the moral system of employees, as well as their feelings toward the noble profession makes them feel morally exalted and this binds them to the membership of the organization. Originality/value This study mainly focuses on, to understand if and how the conditions of the labor market relate to the employees’ attitudes. This would enable us to gain more insights to the systematic relations of employees’ attitudinal variables such as occupational stress, organizational commitment and employee turnover intentions.

The Canberra Bubble

The Canberra Bubble

Nursing faculty shortage in Canada: A scoping review of contributing factors

BackgroundStrong nursing faculty is paramount to promote disciplinary leadership and to prepare future nurses for practice. Our understanding of the factors associated with or predictive of nurse faculty retention and/or turnover is lacking. PurposeThe aim of this review is to identify and synthesize the existing literature on factors contributing to nurse faculty shortage in Canada and implications on nursing practice. MethodsA scoping review based on the Arskey and O'Malley's five stage framework for scoping reviews was undertaken. Utilizing the PRISMA protocol, a comprehensive and structured literature search was conducted in five databases of studies published in English. FindingsLimited through search inclusion and relevance of research, nine studies out of 220 papers met the criteria for this review and were thematically analyzed. Identified themes were supply versus demand; employment conditions; organizational support; and personal factors. DiscussionImpending retirement of faculty, unsupportive leadership, and stressful work environments were frequently reported as significant contributing factors to the faculty shortage. ConclusionThis scoping review provides insights into how Canada's schools of nursing could engage in grounded efforts to lessen nursing faculty shortage, both nationally and globally. We identified a gap in the literature that indicates that foundational work is needed to create context-specific solutions. The limited studies published in Canada suggest that this is a critical area for future research and funding.

PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DAN STRES KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN UMKM ARUMANIS HAJI ARDI BERBAH SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

This study aims to determine whether work motivation, work environment, and work stress affect the performance of employees of UMKM Arumanis Haji Ardi. The population in this study used all employees at UMKM Arumanis Haji Ardi, totaling 80 employees. The sampling method is a non-probability sample with a purposive sampling technique using the Slovin formula, data collection is done through a questionnaire and get the results of 64 respondents as a sample. The results in this study indicate that; (1) Work motivation has no partial effect on employee performance, (2) Work Environment has a partial effect on employee performance, (3) Work Stress has a partial effect on employee performance, (4) Work Motivation, Work Environment, and Work Stress have an effect simultaneously.

Burnout of Healthcare Workers Based on the Effort-Reward Imbalance Model: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Background: The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model is widely used in job stress research. However, few studies using this model have been conducted in developing countries. This study tested the extrinsic and intrinsic hypotheses regarding the burnout of healthcare workers in China with the ERI model. Method: Job stress was assessed by Siegrist’s ERI questionnaire, and burnout was evaluated by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). A total of 1,505 effective respondents were included in the final study. Multiple and hierarchical linear regression was used to analyze the association between components in the ERI model and burnout. Results: Emotional exhaustion and cynicism were positively correlated with ERI and overcommitment. Professional efficacy was positively related to ERI but not to overcommitment. ERI was the determining factor of emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Overcommitment moderated the relationship between ERI and emotional exhaustion and between ERI and cynicism. Conclusion: Changing workplace conditions and increasing personal resilience might alleviate burnout among hospital workers in China. The links between professional efficacy and stressful work environment need further exploration.

Interprofessional Collaboration and Burnout Nurses in Hospital

The demand safe for nursing sarvices, effective nursing services, excellent service, high standard of clinical services, causes nurses to be in a state of prolonged stress. The prolonged stress experienced by nurses will result in burnout which will directly impact the quality of care and quality of nursing services performed. if this is allowed to continue it will have an impact on the future of the hospital. This study aimed to know the relationship between interprofessional collaboration with the incidence of burnout in the hospital. This study used a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach to time. The population in this study were nurses in IGD, ICU, and ICCU. Interprofessional collaboration had no relationship with nurse burnout (p&gt; 0.05). The results of the analysis showed that nurses experienced burnout because it was influenced by other factors such as work environment, workload and work stress. Further analysis from the researcher shows that good interprofessional collaboration is needed in improving the performance of nurses but it is not the only factor that can affect nurses experiencing burnout.

Examining the role of stress and information security policy design in information security compliance behaviour: An experimental study of in-task behaviour

Based on the transactional theory of stress, the study sets out to explore the relationship between occupational stress, information security policy (ISP) designs, and security behaviour. Results from an in-basket experiment reveal that stress elicited by time constraints leads to ISP non-compliance behaviour in the workplace. In addition, the results of the study show that punishment can buffer the effect of perceived stress on ISP non-compliance. While existing research on stress and ISP compliance focus on stress induced by security requirements, our study extends these findings by providing insights how stressful work environments and ISP designs shape ISP compliance behaviour.

Why nurses stay in departments with low turnover: A constructivist approach

Hospital nursing shortage is a global problem caused by nurse dissatisfaction with their manager, an extensive workload and a stressful work environment. The study aimed to investigate nurses’ experiences of practices in hospital departments with low nurse turnover rates in relation to culture, work environment, nursing competencies, and nurse management. A constructivist design using a positive deviance approach was used for this study. Four hospital departments with the lowest nurse turnover in the Zealand region of Denmark served as settings. Data were collected from 13 nurses through focus-group conversations and analysed using directed content analysis. The reporting adhered to the COREQ checklist. The three themes – collaborative fellowship, professional pride, and embracing management – revealed a sense of community between nurses and department managers. Even though the nurses’ daily practice was exhausting, they stayed in their positions due to the special culture in the departments, which brought the nurses closer together.

7. The Impact of Plastic Surgery Career on Family Planning and Prenatal Health

Body: Background: Women now represent 30% of plastic surgery residents. Plastic surgeons purposely delay childbearing due to the length and demanding nature of training and practice. The aim of this study is to report the current status of childbearing, infertility, obstetrical complications, maternity leave, and breastfeeding in practicing female plastic surgeons. Methods: Following IRB approval, an anonymous online survey was sent to all female active members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Data collected included demographics, number of pregnancies, obstetrical complications, infertility, maternity leave, and breastfeeding. Results: Response rate was 19.7% and 189 responses were recorded. Eighty-two percent of respondents reported at least one pregnancy. Women reported they had their first child at a mean age of 34 years, which is older compared to 23 years for the general US population. Being a plastic surgeon increased the odds of having difficulty conceiving or carrying a pregnancy by a factor of 7.0 (95% CI [4.4, 11.0]) as compared to the US population. The odds of having a miscarriage among plastic surgeons was 4.8 (95% CI [2.8, 8.0]) times that of the US population. Furthermore, the rate of obstetrical complications was higher than the US population (61.0% versus 14.5%). Women took a mean of 6.6 ± 3.8 weeks for maternity leave and there was no significant difference based on stage of career. The mean length of breastfeeding was 7.6 ± 5.3 months. Approximately half (52.8%) of women reported they were satisfied with the amount of time they breastfed. Sixty-eight percent of women report stigma against pregnancy, this was significantly different by practice type, with hospital or solo practice having higher proportion of stigma reported as compared to academic or group practice (p=0.050) (Figure 1). Conclusions: Female plastic surgeons delay childbearing. Older maternal age combined with long hours and stressful work environment may contribute to the high rate of infertility, miscarriage and obstetrical complications. The American Board of Plastic Surgeons recently announced a policy to allow residents 12 weeks of parental leave. Additional changes in policy and culture are needed to improve the health of surgeons and future generations.

Nurse Fatigue and Nurse, Patient Safety, and Organizational Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Hospital nurses are at high risk of fatigue due to stressful work environments with heavy workloads and non-standard work schedules. This systematic review examined the relationship between hospital nurse fatigue and outcomes. Full-text English language quantitative studies published between January 2000 and July 2020 were included. A total of 22 articles were reviewed and synthesized. The findings were synthesized into three major categories: nurse outcomes, nurse-reported patient outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Some of the most commonly studied outcomes include nursing performance (n=3), sickness absence (n=3), and intention to leave (n=4). Fatigue was consistently associated with mental health problems, decreased nursing performance, and sickness absence. Many studies confirmed that nurse fatigue is negatively associated with nurse, patient-safety, and organizational outcomes. However, our findings highlight gaps in current knowledge and the need for future research using a longitudinal design and measuring additional outcomes to better understand the consequences of nurse fatigue.

Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Nurse Burnout in the US

Clinician burnout is a major risk to the health of the US. Nurses make up most of the health care workforce, and estimating nursing burnout and associated factors is vital for addressing the causes of burnout. To measure rates of nurse burnout and examine factors associated with leaving or considering leaving employment owing to burnout. This secondary analysis used cross-sectional survey data collected from April 30 to October 12, 2018, in the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses in the US. All nurses who responded were included (N = 50 273). Data were analyzed from June 5 to October 1, 2020. Age, sex, race and ethnicity categorized by self-reported survey question, household income, and geographic region. Data were stratified by workplace setting, hours worked, and dominant function (direct patient care, other function, no dominant function) at work. The primary outcomes were the likelihood of leaving employment in the last year owing to burnout or considering leaving employment owing to burnout. The weighted sample of 50 273 respondents (representing 3 957 661 nurses nationally) was predominantly female (90.4%) and White (80.7%); the mean (SD) age was 48.7 (0.04) years. Among nurses who reported leaving their job in 2017 (n = 418 769), 31.5% reported burnout as a reason, with lower proportions of nurses reporting burnout in the West (16.6%) and higher proportions in the Southeast (30.0%). Compared with working less than 20 h/wk, nurses who worked more than 40 h/wk had a higher likelihood identifying burnout as a reason they left their job (odds ratio, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.61-6.67). Respondents who reported leaving or considering leaving their job owing to burnout reported a stressful work environment (68.6% and 59.5%, respectively) and inadequate staffing (63.0% and 60.9%, respectively). These findings suggest that burnout is a significant problem among US nurses who leave their job or consider leaving their job. Health systems should focus on implementing known strategies to alleviate burnout, including adequate nurse staffing and limiting the number of hours worked per shift.

Effects of crisis on crisis management practices: a case from Turkish tourism enterprises

Crises are broadly thought to damage the tourism industry by decreasing tourism revenues due to reduced inbound tourism. This study investigated the negative short-term effects of crises on the crisis management practices of tourism enterprises in Turkey following terrorist attacks between 2015 and 2016, political tensions with the Russian Federation after a military aircraft was shot down in 2015, and the attempted coup in 2016. 219 valid questionnaires were obtained from representatives and managers of hotels, travel companies, airlines, and other tourism enterprises at the 10th Tourism Fair and Congress, Travel Turkey. The findings reveal that the three distinct but interrelated crises all significantly affected tourism enterprises in the short-term. These effects did not differ regarding type of enterprise or years of operation. The stressful working environment and increased costs mostly affected maintenance, human resources, government assistance, promotion, and product and pricing strategies.

A Sense of Fellowship: Mindfulness Improves Experienced Interpersonal Benefits and Prosociality in A Military Aviation Unit

ABSTRACT Objective: Explore how personnel in a military aviation unit experienced personal as well as interpersonal aspects concerning their participation in a group-based four-month MBT programme. Background: mindfulness-based training (MBT) have been used as a personal stress management tool in stressful working environments, including military aviation. There is little knowledge about the interpersonal mechanisms involved when engaging in MBT. Method: Adhering to Grounded Theory (GT), we conducted post-intervention interviews with 42 programme participants. We selected 30 interviews with evidence of interpersonal effects for in-depth analyses to build a theoretical model of the pathways through which interpersonal effects might develop. Results: The majority of the interviewees (30/42 = 71%) experienced significant interpersonal effects from MBT. The in-depth analyses revealed an increase in the common theme “Sense of Fellowship” (SOF). SOF comprised three primary change processes: “Attention to others,” “Self-observation” and “Reflection.” In addition, five behavioral changes emerged: “Direct communication,” “Increased patience,” “Decreased anger expression,” “Calmness,” and “Acceptance.” Finally, four contextual factors appeared to have particular importance for the development of SOF: “Plenary sessions,” “Sharing experiences,” “Doing something new together,” and “Sitting in silence.” Conclusion: These findings indicate that MBT has prosocial effects in a military aviation setting, and the constructed model contributes theoretically by suggesting how these psychosocial effects may arise and develop.

Use of the nursing process for patient care in a Ghanaian Teaching Hospital: A cross sectional study

BackgroundThe nursing process is an evidenced-based tool that guides the sequence of clinical reasoning and the delivery of quality nursing care. Nursing practice authorities worldwide, including Ghana, make it a standard of practice in the clinical setting for professional nurses. Despite this, only a few studies have attempted to assess the use of the nursing process in the country. This study, sought to assess the knowledge level, extent of use, as well as, barriers associated with the use of the nursing process at the Tamale Teaching Hospital in Ghana. MethodA quantitative cross-sectional survey of 286 registered nurses and midwives, chosen by stratified random sampling, was undertaken using a questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83. Data was fed into SPSS version 24 for analysis. A questionnaire return rate of 98.6% was realized. Descriptive statistics, as well as, Kruskal-Wallis H test of association was used to check for the presence of statistically significant associations between some selected independent variables and the use of the nursing process. ResultsKnowledge level of the nursing process was high (71.0%), while use of the nursing process was low (32.3%). Major barriers were stressful work environment (96.8%), absence of nursing process policy (94.7%), lack of further nursing process training (91.5%), inadequate supply of consumables (81.2%) and lack of nursing process clinical skills (42.9%). Participants age (p = 0.020), academic qualification (p = 0.038), work experience (p = 0.033), rank (p = 0.011) and the possession of nursing process clinical skills (p = 0.016) were significantly associated with the use of the nursing process for patient care. ConclusionA nursing process theory–practice gap exist in the hospital, occasioned by a high level of theoretical knowledge but low level of use of the nursing process in the hospital. Barriers such as stressful work environment, absence of nursing process policy, lack of further nursing process training, inadequate supply of consumables and lack of nursing process clinical skills also existed in the hospital. There is the need for the hospital management and health authorities to develop a nursing process policy, supply adequate quantities of consumables and conduct periodic nursing process clinical skills training for all nurses to enhance its use for improved patient outcomes.

A Study on the Correlation between Stressors and Psychological Behaviors of Nurses in Support of COVID-19 Ward

COVID-19 has been a hot topic of research in medical journals. There are many articles which have been published on the genetic sequencing, pathology and other medical conditions associated with COVID-19, however, there are very few articles which acknowledge the psychological and behavioral aspects of front-line medical workers especially nurses. The purpose of the study is to understand the stressors, psychological behavior status and the correlation between psychological behavior and stressors for nurses who served in COVID-19 ward. The general information questionnaire, the nurse job stressor scale in Chinese, and the emergency public health incident questionnaire were used to survey 282 nurses in Jingzhou Central Hospital who supported COVID-19 ward. The result shows that the average work stress of nurses in this study was 1.40 ± 0.54 points. The top 3 dimensions were conceptual stress (1.67 ± 0.68), working environment stress (1.57 ± 0.60), and occupational hazard stress (1.57 ± 0.66). With different marital status, the average scores of stress are different, and the difference is statistically significant (t = 2.139, P = 0.034). For nurses in COVID-19 ward who faced sudden public health crisis, the self-evaluated psychological score of nurses in COVID-19 ward averages 1.40 with a deviation of 0.54. In our study, fear had the highest influence on psychological behavior, while the lowest was the compulsive-anxiety factor. There was a positive correlation between the stressor scores and the psychological behavior scores (P < 0.01). The conclusion is that the pressure of nurses supporting COVID-19 ward is under moderate pressure, and the psychological behavior is moderately responded with a few nurses having psychological behavior deviation.

Acquaintance-Based Medical Treatment Lowered Physician-Patient Trust When the Medical Outcome Was Negative: A Vignette Experiment

Background: The Chinese medical environment has seen a long history of physician-patient distrust, which often leads to conflict and violence, creating a stressful and unsafe working environment for physicians, and further deteriorating physician-patient relationships. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that influence physician-patient trust in order to inform interventions. The current study investigated the effect of media reports regarding medical treatment outcomes and acquaintance-based medical Treatment on physician-patient trust. Acquaintance-based medical treatment refers to people using their connections to obtain better medical resources. Methods: A vignette experiment was conducted that investigated attitudes toward physicians under positive and negative treatment outcomes among 230 cancer patients and their families (Sample 1) and a cross-validated sample consisting of 280 employees from different industries (Sample 2). Findings: The results from both samples showed that negative media reports were associated with lower perceived trust from the patients toward physicians. Additionally, the results demonstrated that when the medical outcome was positive, the participants generally did not perceive physicians they were familiar with as being more competent and trustworthy than those they were not acquainted with; however, physicians who were acquaintances were perceived as less competent when the medical outcome was negative. Interpretation: The implications include advertising positive media images of physicians to facilitate trust and reduce acquaintance-based medical treatment to make medical resources more available in China. Funding: Preparation of this work was funded by The National Social Science Fund of China (20BSH139). Declaration of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests. Ethical Approval: This study was approved by the IRB at Peking University.

Workplace interpersonal conflict in prehospital emergency: Concept analysis.

BACKGROUND:In the turbulent and stressful work environment of prehospital emergencies, the conflict among emergency medical technicians (EMT) and other health-care providers is inevitable. This study aims to examine the concept of workplace interpersonal conflict (WIC) in prehospital emergencies.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The eight-step Walker and Avant's concept analysis approach was adopted to define the concept. Iranmedex, SID, Magiran, ISC, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science searched with keywords such as WIC and hospital emergencies. After an extensive review of online national and international databases, one dictionary, nine books, and 25 articles in English and Persian were retrieved for the purposes of the study.RESULTS:The antecedents, attributes, and consequences of the concept identified. EMT must learn how to eliminate their destructive effects while enhancing constructive effects.CONCLUSION:Conflict is an inevitable part of life, and EMT must learn how to reduce their destructive effects while increasing constructive results.

Community pharmacists’ experiences of workplace pressure: the impact of COVID-19

Workplace pressure can be useful to keep individuals alert at work; however, excess pressure leads to stress and is detrimental to health​[1,2]​. Prolonged pressure can lead to burnout and increased errors. Community pharmacy has historically been a stressful working environment owing to the high levels of sole responsibility and accountability for dispensing (and dispensing errors) […]