Stress Levels In Children Research Articles

What did COVID-19 Change? The Impact of COVID-19 on Korean Parents' and Children's Daily Lives and Stress.

The COVID-19 outbreak has not only posed a threat to physical health but has also changed our daily lives. This study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic affected Korean parents’ and children’s daily lives and stress levels. Parents’ childcare time, children’s screen time, the time spent for social interactions and learning, and parents’ and children’s stress levels before and after the pandemic were compared. The main caregivers’ childcare time increased significantly during the pandemic (4.00 h/day). For children, the time spent for screen time (1.76 h) and online interactions (0.95 h) increased significantly, whereas face-to-face interaction time (4.17 h) and time spent learning (2.16 h) decreased significantly. In addition, parents’ and children’s stress levels increased significantly during the pandemic. Other descriptive information is provided and discussed. Our results indicate that Korean parents and children experienced significant disruption to their daily lives and increased stress during the pandemic.

Діагностика порушень адаптації та стійкості до стресу в дітей із хронічним гастродуоденітом

Мета: дослідити стан адаптації та стресостійкості в дітей з хронічним гастродуоденітом. Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 39 дітей із загостренням хронічного гастродуоденіту віком від 13 до 18 років, які лікувалися на гастроентерологічному ліжку ендокринологічного відділення Обласної клінічної лікарні м. Івано-Франківська. Верифікація діагнозу хронічного гастродуоденіту здійснювалась на підставі вивчення анамнезу, фізикального обстеження та даних фіброезофагогастродуоденоскопії. Аналізували варіабельність серцевого ритму із застосовуванням системи «КардиоЛаб» «ХАИ-Медика». Оцінку варіабельності серцевого ритму проводили в режимах часового та спектрального аналізів, з детальним аналізом показника активності регуляторних систем відповідно до міжнародних стандартів. Вивчали рівень стресостійкості в дітей за методикою «Виявлення нервово-психічної стійкості, ризику дезадаптації в стресі «Прогноз» Санкт-Петербурзької військово-медичної академії. Результати. У більшості дітей із хронічним гастродуоденітом мало місце перенапруження або виснаження регуляторних систем із зниженням адаптаційно-пристосувальних можливостей організму, а також недостатньою стійкістю до стресу. Крім того, встановлено наявність прямої кореляційної залежності між ступенем зниження адаптації та рівнем стресостійкості у пацієнтів даної групи. Висновки. У більшості дітей, хворих на хронічний гастродуоденіт, відмічається зниження адаптаційних можливостей організму та стійкості до стресу. Актуальними є включення в діагностичний комплекс визначення варіабельності серцевого ритму та психологічного тестування, а також корекція виявлених порушень за допомогою психотерапевтичних та медикаментозних заходів, що сприятиме підвищенню ефективності надання медичної допомоги дітям із хронічним гастродуоденітом.

PENGARUH TERAPI BERMAIN (MEWARNAI) TERHADAP TINGKAT STRES PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH YANG MENJALANI PHYSICAL DISTANCING DI RW 03 KELURAHAN KEDUNGDORO KECAMATAN TEGALSARI SURABAYA

Abstract : Physical distancing is an action that used to stop the spread of covid-19 desease. Nowadays, the Physical distancing which is done have the impact of the children psychology problems such as stress. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of coloring play therapy toward children's stress levels in a school age who is through the physical distancing at RW 03, kedungdoro village, Tegal sari districts, Surabaya city. The type of research was using quasy-eksperimental method with pre test-post control group design approach. The number of samples on this research were 52 children of school age and divided into 26 respondents into the intervention group and 26 respondents into the control group, by using simple random sampling techniques and questionnaire as a measuring instrument. The data analysis was using Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The result of this research showed that p value 0,001 (p < 0,05) had an influenced of coloring play theraphy toward children's stress level in a school age who was through physical distancing at RW 03, kedungdoro village, Tegal sari districts, Surabaya city. The implications of this research was to reduced stress in a school age who was through physical distancing by doing the coloring play therapy everyday during 20-30 minutes in a free time.

Strategi Komunikasi Keluarga dalam Mengatasi Stress Belajar Online Anak Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Sei Rotan

Communication has an important role in every family especially. Imagine what happens when in a family far from the word communication, of course misunderstandings will continue to occur. Because there is no good communication between each other. Family communication exists to provide order and help overcome stress levels in children, especially in doing online learning at home after the Covid-19 pandemic. Where the child also feels that his freedom in learning is limited without any friends in class. Information provided if this online learning period will be permanent. This is certainly homework for parents in dealing with stress on children. The Technology Readiness Level (TKT) in this study is expected that parents can receive suggestions from the author to make alternative learning at home by bringing some of their friends, teaching parents to use video call technology in the learning process with the child's teacher and school friends, if all this time learn only to use WA (whatsapp) only. This research was conducted in Si Rotan Village, to be precise Dusun I and Dusun II, because in these areas there are more than other hamlets. From the research conducted it shows that the role of family communication in overcoming the stress of online learning can be done well by parents.

Green space, air pollution, traffic noise and saliva cortisol in children: The PIAMA study.

At age 12 years, 1,027 participants of the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort collected three saliva samples during 1 day. We estimated residential exposure to green space (i.e., the average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI] and percentages of green space in circular buffers of 300 m and 3,000 m), air pollution, and traffic noise. Associations of these exposures with the diurnal cortisol slope (in nmol/L per hour) were assessed by multiple linear regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Higher average NDVI and total percentage of green space in a 3,000 m buffer were associated with a larger diurnal decrease in cortisol levels (adjusted difference [95% confidence interval] = -0.11 nmol/L/hr [-0.21, 0.00 nmol/L/hr] per interquartile range increase in the average NDVI; -0.13 nmol/L/hr [-0.26, 0.00 nmol/L/hr] per interquartile range increase in the total percentage of green space). These associations were largely driven by associations with the percentage of agricultural green space and by associations in children living in nonurban areas. We observed no relationships between air pollution or traffic noise and the diurnal cortisol slope. Residential exposure to green space in a buffer of 3,000 m may be associated with lower stress levels in children 12 years of age.

Stress in Caregivers and Children with a Developmental Disorder Who Receive Rehabilitation.

This study aimed to evaluate the stress levels of caregivers and children with developmental disorders who were receiving rehabilitation treatment. The relationships between stress levels and factors such as early rehabilitation and home rehabilitation were quantified. Methods: This study was conducted in children with development disorders, aged from 1.5 years to 18 years, who were undergoing rehabilitation. The Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) and the Adult Self-Report (K-ASR) were used to evaluate stress levels in children and caregivers, respectively. Results: Questionnaires were provided to 150 caregivers who agreed to participate. However, only 76 copies of the K-CBCL and 75 copies of the K-ASR were collected. The mean K-CBCL and K-ASR t scores were in the normal range. The K-CBCL score correlated positively with the K-ASR score (p value < 0.5). K-CBCL externalizing problems score correlated positively with the age at the start of rehabilitation, and the K-CBCL and K-ASR externalizing problems scores correlated negatively with home treatment delivered by caregivers. Conclusions: Stress levels of children and caregivers were closely related. Home rehabilitation provided by caregivers reduced stress in both caregivers and children. Early rehabilitation did not impart additional psychological burden on caregivers or children.

Analysis of the effect of stress level in children 6-7 years of age permanently living in conditions of biogeochemical deficiency of fluorine and iodine on caries incidence rates

Introduction. The high prevalence of dental caries in children in Ukraine poses the problem of prevention as a major issue in pediatric dentistry. Considering that the teeth after cutting are the most vulnerable to caries, it is especially important to find new approaches to the creation of programs for the prevention of dental caries, especially at the stage of immature enamel.The aim of the study. To establish a correlation between the level of stress in first-grade children with different dental status and general health status, who are permanently resident in the biogeochemical deficiency of fluorine and iodine.Material and methods. 73 students of the first grades of Uzhhorod secondary schools with different general health status were tested. The comparison control group consisted of 26 healthy children of the same age. The indicators of stress were determined depending on the dental status and the burden of somatic pathology and comparisons were made with the indicators of the control group.Results. Anxiety analysis found significantly worse anxiety index scores in children of clinical groups compared to healthy children with a low prevalence in the first group (64.86 ± 1.76; p&gt; 0.05), and an average in the second group (45.65 ± 1.02; p&gt; 0.05) and a high level in the third group (84.20 ± 2.34; p &lt;0.001).Conclusions. In primary school-age children of Transcarpathian region, a direct correlation between the prevalence and intensity of caries, stress levels and somatic morbidity rates were established; all indicators were significantly different from those in the healthy controls (p&lt;0.01).

Objective Assessment of Temperament in Temperamentally Vulnerable Children: Role in the Studies on Their Stress Levels.

Under conditions of suboptimal parental care, children with specific temperamental features have been shown to be especially vulnerable to the effects of stress. Most studies of temperamentally vulnerable children have been conducted using parental questionnaires, which are unfortunately not completely objective. An alternative approach, the use of objective methods for assessing temperament in childhood, can and should be used to study the impact of poor parenting quality on children's stress levels, an important factor in child development. Although studies using such objective methods exist, they are quite rare. A PubMed search identified twelve articles reviewed here. Existing data indicate that, in general, higher basal cortisol and cortisol stress response are associated with "reactive" temperament: shyness, fearfulness, behavioral inhibition, and negative affectivity. Furthermore, child temperament interacts with the quality of parental care to predict cortisol levels in early childhood. Accordingly, in the context of inadequate parental care, temperamentally vulnerable children with "reactive" temperaments are particularly at risk for negative effects of stress. Studies of stress-by-parental-care-interactions are essential for preventing long-term mental problems and problems with physical health that could occur in temperamentally vulnerable children who receive suboptimal parental care.

Level of Stress in Students with the Disturbance of Nasal Breathing and Comorbid Disorders

Background. The progressive increase of the number of schoolchildren with adaptation disorders and low level of health in recent years determines the need to assess the characteristics of the psychosomatic status in children and adolescents with various types of somatic pathology, including diseases of ENT organs, accompanied by nasal breathing disorders and hypoxia. It is also necessary to determine the severity of stress in children, for timely prevention and correction of these disorders.Aim: to assess the level of stress in schoolchildren with nasal breathing disorders against the background of nasal diseases and concomitant psychosomatic disorders.Materials and methods. 481 schoolchildren aged 12–17 (boys and girls) were examined. Nasal breathing disorders were assessed by a comprehensive ENT examination, including rhinoscopy, radiography of the sinuses, and olfactometry. The presence and severity of stress were determined by the questionnaire “Social factors and stress”.Results. We found that the high level of stress in children with nasal breathing disorders on the background of ENT pathology is more often associated with the high frequency and severity of psychosomatic symptoms: the presence of dorsalgia, asthenic syndrome, chronic headache and frequent episodes of abdominal pain. Moderately and significantly increased levels of stress associated with the presence of children with hypertension, asthenic syndrome, frequent abdominal pain, frequent pain in the cervical spine, panic disorders.Conclusions. Thus, the presence of certain psychosomatic complaints in children with nasal breathing disorders is directly related to the level of stress, which is important to take into account when planning preventive and corrective measures aimed at increasing the adaptive capacity and stress resistance of children. The studies illustrate the need to assess the psychosomatic status and the level of stress in schoolchildren with nasal breathing disorders taking into account their existing comorbid disorders of the psychosomatic spectrum.

Green space, air pollution, traffic noise and saliva cortisol in children aged 12 years

OPS 43: Noise, stress and mental health, Room 217, Floor 2, August 27, 2019, 4:30 PM - 5:30 PM Background: Green space, air pollution and traffic noise may be associated with stress levels in children. Secretion of the stress hormone cortisol is characterized by a peak in the early morning, followed by declining cortisol levels throughout the day. A slower rate of decline in cortisol across the day has been related to chronic psychosocial stress. Aim: To examine the associations of green space, air pollution and traffic noise with the diurnal change in saliva cortisol levels in children aged 12 years. Methods: We used data of 1061 participants aged 12 years of the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort. Children collected saliva samples during a single day: 30 minutes after awakening and at 20.00hr (in the evening). We calculated the change between evening and morning saliva cortisol levels (in ng/ml per hour). We estimated residential exposure to green space (i.e. the average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and percentages of green space in circular buffers of 300m and 3000m), air pollution and traffic noise. Associations of these exposures with the diurnal cortisol change were assessed by multiple linear regression, adjusted for potential confounders. Associations are presented for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in exposure. Results: The average NDVI, total percentage of green space and percentage of agricultural green space in a buffer of 3000m were associated with a stronger diurnal decrease in cortisol levels (adjusted difference -0.05ng/ml/hr [95%CI -0.08, -0.01ng/ml/hr] per IQR (0.13) increase in the average NDVI; adjusted difference -0.05ng/ml/hr [95%CI -0.09, -0.01ng/ml/hr] per IQR (31.1%) increase in the total percentage of green space). We found no associations of air pollution or traffic noise with the diurnal cortisol change. Conclusions: This study indicates that residential exposure to green space may be associated with lower stress levels in children aged 12 years.

Identifikasi Tingkat Stress Setelah Dilakukan Biblioterapi pada Anak yang Dilakukan Tindakan Invasif di Rumah Sakit

Children treated in hospitals have problems stressing the impact of hospital care, especially invasive actions. The efforts of pain management have been carried out mostly is the management of physical pain and the results of the research obtained are not fully optimal. Psychological children also need to be prepared besides physical management. Anxiety, fear and not understanding the procedure will contribute to the perception of pain. The purpose of this study was to identify stress levels in children who were infared after bibliotherapy. The research method chooses descriptive research with 15 quota sampling techniques. The data analysis used is descriptive analytic. Phase 1 of the Basic Scientific Research (PDK) research by performing psychological pain management using bibliotherapy, the storytelling method was obtained after bibliotherapy with a description of patients in the hospital as much as 2x a day and 50% of respondents experienced mild stress. This is because the bibliotherapy process with stories of children being treated in hospitals is able to make a picture of the situation that can be understood in preparing mentally for infasive actions. Keywords: Stress, Children, Bibliotherapy, invasive measures

Stress and Parental Involvement

The objective of the present study titled “Stress and Parental Involvement” was to see the effect of parental involvement on stress in children and whether it exerts positive or negative effect on children. Stress is a state of affair involving demand on physical or mental energy. Any event may create stress whether it is good or bad. The stressor can be anything, environmental or physical or emotional. When stress is within the comfort zone, it can help in staying focused, energetic and alert. Parental involvement has been recognized as the most important factor to influence the childhood and adulthood. Educational success is one of the primary outcome of parental involvement. Such children also become well adjusted in the society. Parental involvement also boosts self-esteem and a feeling of self worth in children. They are less likely to get depressed. Children and their parents (60 samples) were selected as sample by incidental cum purposive sampling method. The tools used were Stress Scale and Parent Involvement Scale. Three hypotheses were formulated: (1) There will be low stress level in children having high parental involvement. (2) There will be more parental involvement in female children than male children. (3) Gender difference will be found in level of stress and parental involvement. The findings were that (1) Parents showed average involvement hence, children had moderate level of stress (2) Parental involvement was same for both male and female and (3) Gender difference was not found between the level of stress and parental involvement. Both male and female had same level of stress and parental involvement.

We do not need to add to children's stress levels

We do not need to add to children's stress levels

Examining the Effects of a Service-Trained Facility Dog on Stress in Children Undergoing Forensic Interview for Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse

ABSTRACTDisclosure of child sexual abuse can be a stressful experience for the child. Gaining a better understanding of how best to serve the child, while preserving the quality of their disclosure, is an ever-evolving process. The data to answer this question come from 51 children aged 4–16 (M = 9.1, SD = 3.5), who were referred to a child advocacy center in Virginia for a forensic interview (FI) following allegations of sexual abuse. A repeated measures design was conducted to examine how the presence of a service-trained facility dog (e.g. animal-assisted intervention (AAI) may serve as a mode of lowering stress levels in children during their FIs. Children were randomized to one of the two FI conditions: experimental condition (service-trained facility dog present-AAI) or control condition (service-trained facility dog not present- standard forensic interview). Stress biomarkers salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase, immunoglobulin A (IgA), heart rate, and blood pressure, and Immunoglobulin A were collected before and after the FI. Self-report data were also collected. Results supported a significant decrease in heart rate for those in the experimental condition (p = .0086) vs the control condition (p = .4986). Regression models revealed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the experimental condition (p = .03285) and (p = .04381), respectively. Statistically significant changes in alpha-amylase and IgA were also found in relation to disclosure and type of offense. The results of this study support the stress reducing effects of a service-trained facility dog for children undergoing FI for allegations of child sexual abuse.

Wychowanie do empatii jako sposób na redukcję stresu i jego szkodliwych skutków u dzieci i młodzieży

W tekście zaprezentowano interdyscyplinarne ujęcie wychowania do empatii, oparte na autorskim modelu teoretycznym. Przyjęcie tak rozumianej definicji empatii skutkuje wszechstronnym i wielopoziomowym oddziaływaniem na dzieci i młodzież. Efekty tych działań przynoszą różnorodne korzyści na poziomie wewnątrzosobowym oraz interpersonalnym – w tym wpływają na redukcję poziomu stresu u dzieci oraz wzmocnienie zasobów osobowościowych i społecznych przyczyniających się do polepszenia strategii radzenia sobie ze stresem i jego negatywnymi skutkami. Empatia jest także sprawdzoną metodą profilaktyki dotyczącej przemocy rówieśniczej – ciągle aktualnego problemu w polskiej szkole, prowadzącego do licznych strat zdrowotnych.

Quality of Sibling Relationships in Maltreated Youth Residing in Out-of-Home-Care.

When children are removed from their parents's custody because of substantiated maltreatment and placed in out-of-home placements, they may be placed separately from siblings, potentially leading to even higher levels of stress in children. This possibility emerges insofar as siblings serve as a source of support during the uncertain times that accompany maltreatment and subsequent removal. We explored these issues in the present study, focusing on whether sibling relationship quality was related to post-removal behavioral functioning in maltreated children and adolescents. A total of 102 six- to seventeen-year-olds residing in a residential facility completed questionnaires about their sibling relationship quality and behavioral functioning. With age, sibling relationships became more hostile; although in girls, sibling affection also increased with age, at least when their sibling was a girl. Sibling hostility was related to increases in aggression and behavioral problems. Surprisingly, greater sibling affection was associated with increased problems, particularly when children had little contact with their sibling. Results provide insight into perceptions of sibling relationships in maltreated children and have implications for placement decisions.

Sociopsychological and physiological effects of a robot-assisted therapy for children with autism

This article reports our findings from a robot-assisted therapeutic study conducted over 49 days to investigate the sociopsychological and physiological effects in children with autism spectrum disorder using a parrot-inspired robot, KiliRo, that we developed to help in therapeutic settings. We investigated the frequency of participants’ interactions among each other and assessed any changes in interaction using social network analysis. Interactions were assessed through manual observation before and after exposure to the robot. Urinary and salivary tests were performed to obtain protein and α-amylase levels, respectively, to report the physiological changes in participating children with autism spectrum disorder before and after interacting with the robot. This is a pioneering human–robot interaction study to investigate changes in stress levels using salivary samples. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial oxygen saturation level in blood were also monitored to investigate the physiological changes in participating children before, during, and after interacting with our parrot-inspired robot, KiliRo. The results show that the robot can help increase social interaction among children with autism spectrum disorder and assist in learning tasks. Furthermore, the clinical biochemistry test report using urinary and salivary samples indicates that the stress levels of children with autism reduced notably after interacting with the robot. Nevertheless, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen levels in blood did not show positive change in all participants.

Intellectual characteristics of adolescents with chronic gastroduodenitis

Intellect is one of the indicators of children’s health, characterizing the optimality of the age development and the success of adaptation processes. In the case-control study, were included 60 adolescents with chronic gastroduodenitis (CGD) in the period of remission (main group), average age – 13 years old. The comparison group consisted of 22 children with the I group of health. A comparative evaluation of the features of the course of the antenatal period, childbirth, and features of early development of the child was carried out. Were estimated the indicators of stress level, social adaptation (M. Gavlinova’s questionnaire), intellectual functions (D. Veksler’s test). It was shown that the total index reflecting the level of stress in children of the main group was 173.03 ± 82.69 points compared to the index of children of the comparison group – 96.34 ± 38.5 points (p &lt; 0.01). In the main group, compared with the control, children with low level of adaptability were more likely to meet, less often children with an average level of adaptation (34.8% / 21, CI 27.4-41.4% vs 55.3% / 12, CI 42, 32-63,28, р &lt; 0,05) and there were no children with a high level of adaptation. In children with CGD, Veksler’s WISC method (for children 5-16 years of age) showed a slight decrease level of verbal, non-verbal and total IQ in comparison with healthy peers. Among the risk factors that affect intellectual status, the most important were the burdened perinatal history, the nature of feeding in the first year of life and the unbalanced diet in subsequent periods of life.

Poziom stresu u dzieci i młodzieży leczonych z powodu skoliozy idiopatycznej w zależności od sposobu leczenia zachowawczego

The objective of the study was to evaluate the stress level in children and adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) treated conservatively using the Dobosiewicz Method (DoboMed) approach in correlation with the clinical parameters and brace therapy. The study group (SG) comprised 63 patients (54 girls), in mean age 14.7 years. DoboMed approach was used in all studied patients (31 of them had also a brace (orhosis)). The clinical analysis included also body mass index (BMI) z-scores, age at diagnosis, spinal curvature location and the duration of brace correction. The patients completed the Bad Sobernheim Stress Questionnaire Deformity (BSSQ-Deformity) and Bad Sobernheim Stress Questionnaire Brace (BSSQ-Brace) questionnaires twice, ie., at the beginning and at the end of the hospitalization. IS patients experienced low or moderate deformity-related stress (58.7% and 36.5% respectively). A significantly higher stress level (BSSQ-Deformity) was revealed in the combination therapy group compared to kinesiotherapy group (p<0.05). In brace wearers, the orthosis-related was higher than the deformity-related stress (p<0.0001). A significant correlation was observed between the BSSQ-Deformity score vs. age, BMI z-score and number of hospitalizations (p<0.05). Deformity stress level was significantly related to the Cobb's angle in both analyzing subgroups. Stress level in IS patients is related to the severity of the disease irrespectively to the method of treatment. Brace wearing is a factor provoking and increasing stress level. Stress level related to bracing is higher than trunk deformity related. Higher stress levels were significantly correlated with age, BMI z-score and number of hospitalizations. Complex therapy should include also psychological support for young patients with IS.

The effects of maternal presence during anesthesia induction on salivary cortisol levels in children undergoing tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy

ObjectiveAlthough parental presence during anesthesia induction is suggested to diminish operative stress level in children, there have been conflicting results about this strategy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal presence during induction on operative stress level in children who had tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy by determining the salivary cortisol levels. DesignNon-randomized clinical study. SettingPreoperative and postoperative recovery rooms, operating room. PatientsThe study included 48 children between the ages of 5–12years who underwent tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. InterventionsThe patients were divided into 2 groups. The children in group 1 were separated from their mothers at the preparation room. The children in group 2 stayed together with their mothers till the anesthesia induction. MeasurementsState Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was performed to the mothers and children preoperatively. Salivary cortisol levels were evaluated in 4 different time frames: 1) in preparation room, 2) after anesthesia induction, 3) at the 30th minute of operation, and 4) in postoperative recovery room. Main resultsThere were no statistically significant differences between groups regarding demographic features, and operation or anesthesia times. The child's or mothers' preoperative anxiety scores were not different between the groups. Salivary cortisol levels in group 1 were significantly increased after induction and in recovery room compared to those in group 2 (p: 0.001, and p: 0.02, respectively). ConclusionsWe have determined decreased salivary cortisol levels during anesthesia induction and recovery in the maternal presence revealing diminished stress in these periods. Further studies are warranted to determine the effects of parental presence during anesthesia induction especially on surgical outcomes.