Stress Levels In Children Research Articles

Mothers’ Stress as a Predictor of Preschoolers’ Stress in the Context of Parental Practices

Background/Objectives: Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in distress among children, as well as in the long-term effects of childhood stress. Parents, particularly mothers, are the most important social partners for preschool-aged children and may help protect them from stress. The current study aims to investigate how parental practices impact children’s perceived stress in relation to their mothers’ stress. Methods: The sample comprised 346 mothers of preschoolers aged 20 to 48 years (M = 34.39, SD = 6.16). Participants completed an online survey that included the Perceived Stress Scale for Parents of Preschoolers, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire—Preschool Revision, and questions regarding their socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Punitive parenting contributed positively, while positive parenting contributed negatively to children’s distress. When mothers’ perceived stress was taken into account, positive parenting lost its significance. Punitive parenting and maternal perceived stress were the only positive predictors of child distress. Conclusions: Stress in mothers may lead to a decrease in their involvement in the upbringing and parenting of preschoolers, potentially contributing to increased stress levels in children. Intervention programs aimed at reducing preschoolers’ stress should incorporate classes for parents that also could be focused on stress regulation for parents and training in positive parenting practices.

Bullying Prevention Practices and Child Stress in Public Elementary Schools

This quantitative study employed surveys to assess the extent of bullying prevention efforts from schools and parents, and to measure levels of child stress in terms of distress, lack of well-being, and absence of social support. The sample consisted of students from multiple public elementary schools. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficients, and regression analysis. The study found that both school and parental bullying prevention efforts were very extensive. Child stress levels were generally low across various indicators. A significant negative relationship was found between bullying prevention practices and child stress, indicating that effective prevention efforts are associated with reduced stress levels in children. Both school-based and parental efforts were identified as significant predictors in reducing child stress. The findings suggest that comprehensive bullying prevention efforts are effective in reducing child stress. The study emphasizes the importance of a multi-faceted approach involving both schools and parents in bullying prevention programs. The study concludes that effective bullying prevention practices are associated with lower levels of child stress, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts between schools and parents. Recommendations are made for researchers, the Department of Education, school heads, and teachers to enhance bullying prevention programs.

Hora est. The relationship between stress, salivary proteins and caries experience in children

Dental caries is a major public health problem and untreated caries has serious consequences for children. Psychosocial factors have multiple consequences, among others on the composition of saliva. Therefore, this study investigated whether stress and various salivary protein levels are associated with dental caries experience in children. The activity of the Matrix Metalloproteinases MMP-8 and MMP-9 and the total proteolytic activity in saliva turned out to be indicators for the caries experience. Salivary Alpha-Amylase seems to be a protector and was a strong indicator for caries experience. In cases where children were exposed to two different dental treatments, the level of salivary cortisol- and alpha-amylase increased, in which a distinction could be made between non-invasive and invasive treatment. The results of the study emphasise the need for further research into the way stress and salivary protein concentrations can affect the caries experience and how different dental treatments can influence the behaviour and stress levels in children.

Assessment of Anxiety and Stress Levels in Children Undergoing Hemodialysis

Assessment of Anxiety and Stress Levels in Children Undergoing Hemodialysis

Co-exposure to organic UV filters and phthalates and their associations with oxidative stress levels in children: A prospective follow-up study in China

Children are highly vulnerable to environmental pollutants, especially endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Previous research has linked both organic UV filters and phthalates exposure to adiposity and pubertal development in children. Nevertheless, the individual and collective effects of these chemicals on this population remain poorly understood. In this study, twelve organic UV filters and metabolites, six phthalate metabolites and two oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed in a prospective follow-up study in Shanghai, China after a baseline study conducted 1.5 years earlier. Results revealed a positive association between exposure to individual organic UV filters or their mixture and levels of 8-OHdG (β ranging from 0.242 to 0.588, P < 0.05), a marker of oxidative DNA damage. BP-3 and OD-PABA made a greater contribution to oxidative DNA damage than other UV filters. Levels of 8-OHdG were also positively correlated with single phthalate metabolites and their mixture, with MnBP and MMP contributing the most. Stratified analysis found that these associations were mainly observed in girls. Our mixture analysis revealed cumulative risks of oxidative DNA damage when there was co-exposure to these two kinds of EDCs. These results underscore the importance of considering the risks associated with organic UV filters and the necessity of evaluating the effects of all these pollutants, both individually and in mixtures.

The Effect of Drug Use, Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure on Oxidative Stress Levels in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder.

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between clinical variables such as body mass index, blood pressure, drug use and oxidative stress level in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in the serum of 51 patients (38 male, 13 female) diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and 32 control subjects (12 male, 20 female). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version was applied to all participants. The mean TOS, OSI, MDA values were determined to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) and the mean SOD value was lower in the ADHD group (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis indicated significantly lower SOD and diastolic blood pressure values and significantly higher MDA in the ADHD group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Low SOD (sensitivity 90.2%, specificity 78.0%) and high MDA (sensitivity 86.3%, specificity 81.2%) were determined to be predictive parameters for diagnosing ADHD. In univariate analysis, the mean TOS, OSI and SOD values were higher in ADHD patients under medication, while the mean TAS was higher in patients not using medication (p < 0.01). Only TOS was significant in multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.01). The results of this study demonstrate that impaired oxidative balance may play a role in the etiology of ADHD.

Effectiveness of Stress Management Intervention on the Stress Level of Children in Rose of Sharon House of Friendship

The objective of this scholarly work is to determine how a stress management intervention influences the stress levels of children in a foundation. To make this feasible, a questionnaire based on the transcribed Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), a 10-item tool that surveys about thoughts and feelings from the preceding month, was utilized. The Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire underwent pilot testing to verify its reliability, and the results showed that the instrument had "acceptable reliability" according to Nunnally and Bernstein (1994), with an alpha value of 0.63. (10 items, 30 participants). N=30 receive treatment, 6week intervention. The experiment employed a within-subject design, which is then used to assess the efficacy of the stress management intervention. Founded by the results of the within measures ANOVA, it was determined that there was a significant difference in the level o f stress after receiving the stress management interventions, as indicated by the f-value (3) = 7.45, p-value =.001 is less than 0.05, which resulted in the rejection of the given hypothesis. Based on the preceding outcome, the stress management intervention was evidently a success in decreasing stress levels.

Effectiveness of Stress Management Intervention on the Stress Level of Children in Rose of Sharon House of Friendship

Effectiveness of Stress Management Intervention on the Stress Level of Children in Rose of Sharon House of Friendship

Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention Promoted Healthy Dietary Patterns, Controlled Body Mass Index, and Reduced Self-Reported Stress Levels of Primary School Children: Α One-Arm Pilot Study.

Stress is common in childhood and an important factor that affects behavior later in adulthood. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the Pythagorean Self-Awareness Intervention (PSAI), a holistic "cognitive reconstruction" technique to assess primary school children's stress levels, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and body mass index. Secondary outcome measures included relations with peers, sleep, and hair cortisol concentrations. This one-arm pilot study took place in a primary school, from February to June 2019. Participants were 32 pupils attending the second grade of primary school who received the 8-week PSAI to adopt healthy behaviors and lifestyle. Self-report measures were applied for the evaluation of various variables at the beginning and the end of the eight-week intervention. There were statistically significant reductions in stress levels (p=0.00), nightmares' frequency (p=0.00), body mass index (p=0.03), and bully scale (p=0.00), and improvement in Mediterranean diet quality (p=0.00). Hair cortisol concentrations increased (p=0.02). The social scale significantly increased. Bedtime remained the same after the intervention. This pilot trial showed that the PSAI promoted healthy dietary patterns, controlled children's body mass index, and reduced their self-reported stress levels. Further research on the implementation of this holistic program on children is suggested, in well-powered randomized controlled trials.

THE EFFECT OF BRAIN GYM TOWARDS CHANGES OF STRESS LEVELS IN GRADE VI CHILDREN DURING DISTANCE LEARNING

In an academic environment, stress is something that often occurs by students, both consciously and unconsciously. Especially when there is a covid-19 pandemic where academic activities apply distance learning. Stress can occur due to the large workload, parental demands and lack of peer interaction. The purpose: To analyze the effect of brain exercise on changes in stress levels in children during distance learning at SD Darul Ulum Bungurasih. Method: Using a pre-experimental design with One Group Pre-test and Post-test, the population was 83 children with a sample size of 69 children from 28 grade V and 41 grade VI children. The sampling technique used random sampling (probability sampling) and group sampling (cluster sampling). The independent variable is brain exercise and the dependent variable is the change in stress levels in children during distance learning at SD Darul Ulum Bungurasih. The kueisoner used is PSS-10. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test. The results of data analysis obtained by the Wilcoxon test were p = 0.000 &lt;0.05, meaning that there was an effect of brain exercise on changes in stress levels in children during distance learning at SD Darul Ulum Bungurasih. The conclusion of this study is that brain exercise is good for reducing stress levels in children and can be applied in school regularly and correctly. Keywords: Children, stress levels, brain gym

Therapeutic Storytelling Intervention to Reduce Stress Level in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Proses pengobatan melalui kemoterapi pada anak dengan Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan merupakan proses yang menyakitkan. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya stres pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan intervensi therapeutic storytelling untuk menurunkan tingkat stres anak. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 2 anak ALL berusia 10-12 tahun yang menjalani kemoterapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian subjek tunggal (small-n). Intervensi diberikan melalui proses mendongeng dengan buku cerita yang disusun oleh peneliti. Ceritanya melibatkan elemen positif (Cope, Hope, Inner Strengths, Love, dan Dream) yang membantu anak untuk mengidentifikasi elemen positif yang mereka miliki yang dapat mereka gunakan untuk melakukan tinjauan terhadap situasi yang dihadapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi storytelling dapat menurunkan tingkat stres pada anak ALL.

PEMENUHAN HAK REKREASIONAL TERHADAP NARAPIDANA ANAK DI LEMBAGA PEMBINAAN KHUSUS ANAK (LPKA) KELAS I MEDAN

This journal discusses and analyzes the duties and functions of the Class I Medan Special Child Development Institute (LPKA) in providing guidance and fulfillment of children's rights while in LPKA, one of which is about the fulfillment of recreational rights for students. Recreational activities given to children while in LPKA have a significant impact, namely being able to reduce stress levels in children during the coaching period. In Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System in article 3 states that every child in the criminal justice process has the right to carry out recreational activities, but in fact it was found that the Medan Class I LPKA has not carried out the fulfillment of recreational rights optimally. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method and data collection through interviews, observation, documentation and library research. The results show that the fulfillment of recreational rights has not run optimally. It is not clearly regulated how the mechanism for granting recreational rights is and only relies on the policy of the head of the LPKA. The inhibiting factors for the implementation of recreational activities are as follows: limited budget, inadequate facilities, low enthusiasm of students.

Effect of somatostatin on postoperative gastrointestinal function and stress level in children with acute abdomen: a prospective randomized controlled study

To study the effect of somatostatin on postoperative gastrointestinal function and stress level in children with acute abdomen. A total of 102 children with acute abdomen who underwent surgery in Xuzhou Children's Hospital from August 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled as subjects and were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 51 children in each group. The children in the control group were given conventional treatment such as hemostasis and anti-infective therapy after surgery, and those in the observation group were given somatostatin in addition to conventional treatment. Peripheral blood samples were collected from both groups before surgery and on days 1 and 5 after surgery. The two groups were compared in terms of the serum levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, gastrin, and motilin, postoperative recovery, and the incidence rate of complications. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of ET-1, ACTH, cortisol, gastrin, and motilin between the two groups before surgery (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly lower serum levels of ET-1, ACTH, and cortisol on days 1 and 5 after surgery (P<0.05) and significantly higher levels of motilin and gastrin on day 5 after surgery (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly shorter time to first passage of flatus, first bowel sounds, and first defecation after surgery, as well as a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (P<0.05). The incidence rate of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (6% vs 24%, P<0.05). In children with acute abdomen, somatostatin can significantly reduce postoperative stress response, improve gastrointestinal function, and reduce the incidence rate of complications, thereby helping to achieve a good prognosis.

Poincaré Plot Method for Physiological Analysis of the Gadget Use Effect on Children Stress Level

Stress in children can affect the way they think, act, and feel. The habit of using gadgets has several advantages and disadvantages, but there has been no in-depth study of the effect of using gadgets on stress levels in children. This study aims to determine the representation of the physiological condition of using gadgets on stress levels in children. A total of 18 electrocardiogram data were extracted with poincaré plot features. This research has found that there is no difference in the level of stress in children between before and after using gadgets in terms of autonomic nervous activity (Sig. &gt; 0.05). However, there is an increase in sympathetic activity that occurs in children even though they have finished using gadgets. Such conditions certainly need to get more attention, especially related to the duration of gadget use and accessible content.

Nutrition status, activity patterns and stress level of school age children during the covid-19 pandemic

The pandemic due to the Covid-19 virus has brought many changes to the world's social, economic, educational and healthy life. This condition has an impact on people's lives, not only adults but also children. Children have to adapt to various rules that change their daily habits. The purpose of this study was to identify a description of the nutritional status, activity patterns, and stress levels of school children in Bali Province during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a descriptive observational approach. Sampling was carried out using a simple random sampling technique involving 150 samples of children aged 9-13 years from 5 districts in Bali. The results showed that 68% of children were in good nutritional status and physical activity showed balanced results with the highest stress level of children being moderate stress which reached 88.7%. Parents and teachers have an important role in maintaining physical activity and children's mental health during the pandemic.

The Oxidative Stress Level in Children with Inguinal Hernia

The Oxidative Stress Level in Children with Inguinal Hernia

Investigation of Apelin Level and Oxidative Damage in Children Diagnosed with Epilepsy for the First Time

Background: Epilepsy disease, which negatively affects 65 million people around the world, can be seen in all age groups regardless of gender. Disease is known throughout the history of human disease, although the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, it is aimed to investigate of apelin and oxidative stress levels in children with epilepsy. Materials and methods: Children with epilepsy (aged 0-16) who had been diagnosed with epilepsy and did not start treatment were included in the study. This study included control group healthy normal children (n=28) and children with epilepsy group (n=28), totally 56 children were included. Blood samples were removed for apelin, advanced protein oxidation product (AOPP) and DNA damage marker 8-Hydroxy 2-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels analyses by ELISA method. Results: Apelin level in generalized type epilepsy was lower than the control group and the complicated febrile group (p&amp;lt;0.05). It has been found that the number of epilepsy seizures is more common in the generalized type epilepsy (p&amp;lt;0.05). While the number of seizures decreased due to the increase in apelin (p=0.05; r=-0.260), it increased due to the increase in AOPP (p=0.05; r=0.264). AOPP was higher in focal type epilepsy than control group. Conclusions: Consequently; 1) Apelin reduced the number of seizures by preventing oxidative DNA damage, 2) Increased the number of seizures by the AOPP increase, 3) As the age rises, the number of seizures has been determined to lower due to decreased in AOPP level.

Oxidative DNA Damage of Peripheral Blood Cells and Blood Plasma Сell-Free DNA as an Indicator of the Oxidative Stress Level in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia

Background: pathogen heterogeneity and complexity are the main obstacles for schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) differential diagnosis in children. The role of oxidative stress in the molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia and autism pathogenesis is beyond doubt. Free radicals that accumulate during stress can cause oxidative modifications and the formation of breaks in the сell-free DNA (cfDNA) and nuclear DNA of blood cells. To date, it has been proven that 8-hydroxy-2’- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) can be considered as an oxidative stress biomarker. However, it is still unclear how pronounced the genotoxic consequences of oxidative stress are in ASD of varying severity and in childhood onset schizophrenia (COS). Objective: to study the relationship between the oxidative DNA damage level in peripheral blood cells and the circulating cell-free DNA characteristics with the severity of COS and the course of ASD in children. Patients and methods: blood samples of 96 patients with childhood autism (CA — F84.0 according to ICD-10), atypical autism (AA — F84.1 according to ICD-10) and with childhood onset schizophrenia (COS — F20.8 according to ICD-10) were obtained from the Child Psychiatry Department of the Mental health research center. Blood samples of the control group (34 people) — from the collection of samples of the Research Centre for medical Genetics. The selection of patients was carried out using the clinical and psychopathological method. Cell-free DNA was isolated by extraction with organic solvents. The concentration of cfDNA was determined fluorimetrically. The level of 8-OHdG in cell-free DNA was determined by binding of the corresponding antibodies on membrane filters, endonuclease activity was determined by radial diffusion in a gel. G0-peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated by gradient centrifugation. The level of 8-OHdG and the level of the phosphorylated form of histone H2AX (yH2AX) in G0-peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed in fixed cells by flow cytofluorometry using appropriate antibodies. Statistical processing was carried out using Microsoft Office Excel, Statistica 6.0, StatGraph. Results and conclusions: oxidative stress has different severity in ASD, occurring in severe form (AA) and mild/moderate form (CA). In CA, the level of oxidative damage to the DNA of lymphocytes tends to increase, but does not reach statistically significant level; the level of oxidative damage to cfDNA does not differ from the control. In AA and, to an even stronger extent, in COS, the level of oxidative damage to the DNA of cells and cfDNA is significantly increased, which indicates the development of systemic oxidative stress, which is not compensated by the body’s antioxidant system. The level of 8-OHdG in the composition of the cfDNA and DNA of the nuclei of peripheral blood cells can be a marker of oxidative stress, which is important not only for diagnosing the severity of the pathological process, but also for treatment regimens development for COS and ASD in children.

A Digital X-Ray Analysis of Middle Bronze Age Skeletal Samples from the Baraba Forest-Steppe

We present the results of a comparative analysis of skeletal and dental pathologies in Middle Bronze Age individuals buried at Late Krotovo and Andronovo (Fedorovka) cemeteries in southwestern Siberia. This was the period when the Andronovo steppe tradition in Northern and Central Asia expanded in various directions, including the foreststeppe. Growth arrest lines on tibiae (Harris lines) and dental pathologies (enamel hypoplasia and caries) were recorded. To evaluate developmental anomalies in the bone tissue, digital X-ray analysis was used. The principal sample includes representatives of various sex and age groups buried at the largest cemetery in the region, Tartas-1 (Baraba forest-steppe). Harris lines and enamel hypoplasia result from a broad range of factors such as infections, occasional malnutrition, traumas, vitamin defi ciencies, etc. Caries is caused by a high amount of carbohydrates in the diet, accompanied by low standards of oral hygiene. These pathologies occur at different ages: Harris lines and enamel hypoplasia evidence adverse factors during infancy and adolescence, whereas caries is typical of adulthood. Late Krotovo and Andronovo groups differ in terms of occurrence and combination of pathologies. Enamel hypoplasia is less frequent in the Andronovo sample, indicating a lesser stress level in children. Harris lines are less frequent in the Late Krotovo group, suggestive of lower stress level during adolescence. These differences may be tentatively attributed to various models of subsistence and cultural adaptation.

Children’s Experiences of Stress in Joint Physical Custody

BackgroundJoint physical custody is a parental care arrangement in which children live roughly an equal amount of time with each parent after family dissolution, residing alternately in each of the two parental households. Because joint physical custody is characterised by fathers’ continued involvement in their children’s lives, this care arrangement is believed to compensate for the negative effects of family dissolution, and to contribute to children’s well-being in post-separation families.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate potential differences in the experiences of stress of children living in joint physical custody and sole physical custody arrangements, while considering both the proportion of time the children spend with each of their parents and the number of transitions the children make between the parental households.MethodsBased on data from the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) study, a national convenience sample, linear regression models were estimated for 297 children between the ages of 11 and 14.ResultsThe statistical analysis suggests that there was no significant association between the physical custody type (sole physical custody vs. joint physical custody) and the children’s levels of stress. In addition, the results revealed that children’s experiences of stress did not depend on how often they moved between their parents’ households.ConclusionsThis study does not corroborate the assumption that joint physical custody has a protective effect on children, but instead suggests that different physical custody arrangements are associated with different stressors that lead to similar levels of stress in children living in different post-separation families.