Finite Element Stress Analysis Research Articles

Teeth Restored with Bulk-Fill Composites and Conventional Resin Composites; Investigation of Stress Distribution and Fracture Lifespan on Enamel, Dentin, and Restorative Materials via Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis.

the aim of this study was to examine the stress distribution of enamel, dentin, and restorative materials in sound first molar teeth with restored cavities with conventional resin composites and bulk-fill composites, as well as to determine their fracture lifetimes by using the three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method. an extracted sound number 26 tooth was scanned with a dental tomography device and recorded. Images were obtained as dicom files, and these files were transferred to the Mimics 12.00 program. In this program, different masks were created for each tooth tissue, and the density thresholds were adjusted manually to create a three-dimensional image of the tooth, and these were converted to a STL file. The obtained STL files were transferred to the Geomagic Design X program, and some necessary adjustments, such as smoothing, were made, and STP files were created. Cavity preparation and adhesive material layers were created by transferring STP files to the Solidworks program. Finally, a FE model was created in the ABAQUS program, and stress distributions were analyzed. when the bulk-fill composite and conventional resin composite materials were used in the restoration of the cavity, the structures that were exposed to the most stress as a result of occlusal forces on the tooth were enamel, dentin, restorative material, and adhesive material. When the bulk-fill composite material was used in restoration, while the restorative material had the longest fracture life as a result of stresses, the enamel tissue had the shortest fracture life. When the conventional resin composite material was used as the restorative material, it had the longest fracture life, followed by dentin and enamel. when the bulk-fill composite material was used instead of the conventional resin composite material in the cavity, the stress values on enamel, dentin, and adhesive material increased as a result of occlusal forces, while the amount of stress on the restorative material decreased. In the fracture analysis, when the bulk-fill composite material was used instead of the conventional resin composite material, a decrease in the number of cycles required for the fracture of enamel, dentin, and restorative materials was observed as a result of the forces generated in the oral cavity.

A Study on Creep-Fatigue Evaluation of Nuclear Cladded Components by ASME-III Division 5

In this paper, a study on creep-fatigue evaluation on the cladded nuclear component subjecting to low pressure and high temperature services is carried out. To do this, the codes and standards presented by ASME-III Division 5 are reviewed, and a detailed evaluation procedure is presented step by step for practical applications. As an example of practical design application, a molten salt reactor vessel with a cladding thickness of 10% of the base material thickness is designed and four representative operation cycle types are established. The stress cycle types based on finite element stress analysis are determined from the operation cycle types having coolant temperature and pressure time history loads, and results of the creep-fatigue evaluation are described step by step according to the evaluation procedure. From the result of the creep-fatigue evaluation, it is found that the creep-fatigue evaluation for reactors such as molten salt reactor, sodium-cooled reactor, and so on, which are operated at low pressure and high temperature, is dominated by thermal loads. In this study, the effects of the cladding material and the thermal stresses on the creep-fatigue evaluation are investigated. In addition, as one of the design options to reduce the thermal stresses, the thickness of the exampled vessel is reduced, and the calculated creep-fatigue values are compared with the acceptance creep-fatigue envelope criteria of the ASME-III Division 5.

Finite element analysis of stress in oral mucosa and titanium mesh interface

BackgroundThe stiffness of titanium mesh is a double-blade sword to repair larger alveolar ridges defect with excellent space maintenance ability, while invade the surrounding soft tissue and lead to higher mesh exposure rates. Understanding the mechanical of oral mucosa/titanium mesh/bone interface is clinically meaningful. In this study, the above relationship was analyzed by finite elements and verified by setting different keratinized tissue width in oral mucosa.MethodsTwo three-dimensional finite element models were constructed with 5 mm keratinized tissue in labial mucosa (KM cases) and 0 mm keratinized tissue in labial mucosa (LM cases). Each model was composed of titanium mesh, titanium screws, graft materials, bone, teeth and oral mucosa. After that, a vertical (30 N) loadings were applied from both alveolar ridges direction and labial mucosa direction to stimulate the force from masticatory system. The displacements and von Mises stress of each element at the interfaces were analyzed.ResultsLittle displacements were found for titanium mesh, titanium screws, graft materials, bone and teeth in both LM and KM cases under different loading conditions. The maximum von Mises stress was found around the lingual titanium screw insertion place for those elements in all cases. The keratinized tissue decreased the displacement of oral mucosa, decreased the maximum von Mises stress generated by an alveolar ridges direction load, while increased those stress from labial mucosa direction load. Only the von Mises stress of the KM cases was all lower than the tensile strength of the oral mucosa.ConclusionThe mucosa was vulnerable under the increasing stress generated by the force from masticatory system. The adequate buccal keratinized mucosa width are critical factors in reducing the stress beyond the titanium mesh, which might reduce the titanium exposure rate.

Stress distribution in resin-based CAD-CAM implant-supported crowns.

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of new resin-based CAD-CAM implant-supported materials on posterior crown restoration stress and strain concentrations. A previous 3D implant model was edited to receive a cement-retained posterior crown manufactured with different CAD/CAM materials (Estelite P Block, Estelite Block II or Estelite Layered Block). Each solid model was exported to the computer-aided engineering software and submitted to the finite element analysis of stress and strain. Material properties were assigned to each solid with isotropic and homogeneous behavior according to the manufacturer information. A vertical load of 600N was applied in the occlusal region of the crown, via a simulated food bolus, and stress was calculated in Von Misses (σVM) for the implant, abutment and screw, Maximum (σMAX) Principal Stresses for the crown and microstrain for the bone. All simulated materials showed acceptable stresses levels with a similar stress pattern among the models. At the crown intaglio region and cement layer, however, differences were observed: Estelite P Block showed a lower tensile and shear stresses magnitude when compared to other resin-based materials with lower elastic modulus. The stress effect of different resin-based CAD-CAM implant-supported crowns is predominant in the crown and cement layer, with Estelite P Block showing 7.4% versus 9.3% and 9.2% for Estelite Block II and Estelite Layered Block of crown failure risk.

Evaluation of the influence geometric parameters of a cylindrical specimen for tensile adhesion testing of thermally sprayed coating

The problem of calculating the required adhesion strength and the accuracy of measuring the adhesive/cohesive strength of thermally sprayed coatings (thermal barrier, electrically insulating, irradiation) on a cylindrical test specimen is of practical interest from the point of view of improving the reliability of highly loaded parts of internal combustion engines of agricultural machines, various parts of the aerospace and nuclear industries. There have been carried out a set of studies on the application in practice of standard test method for assessing adhesion or cohesion strength of electrically insulation plasma sprayed coating Al2O3 on standard and elongated specimens with a diameter of 25 mm in accordance with standards ASTM C633-13, GOST 9.304-87. In order to assess the influence of witness specimen’s geometry at common coating adhesion, there were selected 6 types of cylindrical specimens. A finite-element stress analysis was used to evaluate stress-strain state of the two bonded cylindrical specimens of the same geometry with coating by tensile testing. The uniformity of stress distribution at the interface coating/substrate was found for three elongated specimens. Compared to standard tensile testing of a cylindrical specimen, the applied significance of the conducted studies that it is possibility to obtain more accurate experimental data of bond strength. There is also needed further research in the field of determining the most optimal geometry of the witness specimen for evaluating the tensile adhesion strength of thermal spray coating.

Stress analysis of laminated graphite fiber reinforced polymer Panel Stiffened joint with 450 fiber orientation using ANSYS

Large panels made of composite materials are utilised often in the aerospace sector. In most cases, this type of panel will fracture when subjected to a wide variety of stresses and boundary conditions. The panel receives additional rigidity through the addition of a flange, which is also supported by a web. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element stress analysis is performed on a firm panel that consists of a web, a flange, and a panel with an interface between the flange and the panel. The analysis is performed in preparation for an arrangement of composite panels of this sort. The influence that anisotropy, layer stacking sequence, and ply orientation have on the stress components is taken into consideration. For the purpose of this investigation, a graphite-fiber reinforced polymeric (GFRP) composite is used. Laminate arrangements of [45 0 /–45 0 /45 0 /–45 0 ] 2 and [45 0 /–45 0 2 /45 0 ] 2 angle-plied prepregs have been taken. This work makes use of the coupled stress failure criterion in order to forecast the site where damage initiation would take place. The critical point is observed to be around the layer’s front-left border, with a maximum stress concentration of about 125 MPa. Stress values fall as they move from left to right. Negative stress component values have also been observed in a few cases.

Finite Element Analyses of Stresses Developed in Oil Separator Composite Tank Used in Screw Type Compressor Systems

Pressure vessels are geometrically cylindrical, spherical or conical work equipment used for the storage and transportation of pressurized fluid. In the case of design and/or manufacturing deficiency, or for the case of improper applications of such vessels due to working conditions, the damages that may occur can cause serious harm to the environment and employees. The aim of this study is to estimate the performance of a typical oil separator pressure vessel used in screw compressor systems, exposed to high pressure and temperature, using finite element method. Here, the aim is to estimate performance of this tank after modifications in design and to compare the results with that of pressure vessel designed using conventional materials. The inner liner of the separator tank is metal material and the other layers are wrapped with three different composite materials, including carbon fiber/epoxy, glass fiber/epoxy and kevlar fiber/epoxy, at different angles, and then were exposed to high pressures in the environment of finite element simulation software. As a result of the study, stress and deformation values were examined and the most suitable material and orientation angle for the composite pressure vessel were decided.

유한요소 해석을 이용한 소형 무인항공기 암의 최적화 설계

The usability of drones is largely related to their performance, and among them, lightening is a very important factor in increasing flight distance and flight time by mounting a larger battery as a flight object and enabling low power flight. In this paper, finite element analysis was used to optimize the design aimed at reducing the weight and improving the strength of a 1 kgf class drone arm with a leg-type landing gear. o this end, finite element stress analysis and optimization design were performed step by step, and a method of modifying design variables using a combination of methods such as element removal method was used to realize the optimal structure. As a result of the stepwise optimal design performed in this paper, the optimization of the drone arm was achieved, which reduces the maximum effective stress by 0.04% while reducing the mass by 12.38%.

The Effects of Using Cements of Different Thicknesses and Amalgam Restorations with Different Young’s Modulus Values on Stress on Dental Tissue: An Investigation Using Finite Element Analysis

Background: In this study, it was aimed to use a finite element stress analysis method to determine the amount of stress on enamel, dentin, restoration, resin cement and glass ionomer cement in amalgam class II disto-occlusal (DO) cavities by using two different cements with different thicknesses and amalgams with different Young’ s modulus values, respectively. Methods: A three-dimensional tooth model was obtained by scanning an extracted human maxillary first molar with dental tomography. A class II DO cavity including 95-degree cavity margin angles was created. Resin cement (RC) and glass ionomer (GI) cement with different Young’ s modulus measures (RC: 7.7 GPa, GI: 10.8 GPa) were used in amalgam. Different thickness combination groups were simulated: 50 μm, 100 μm and 150 μm. Additionally, amalgams with different Young’ s modulus values were used with the same thickness of different cements (Amalgam Young’s modulus: 35 GPa and 50 GPa). A load of 600 N was delivered to the chewing area. The stress distributions on enamel, dentin, restoration, resin cement and class ionomer cement were then analyzed using finite element analysis. Results: The most stress accumulation was observed in the enamel tissue across all groups where resin cement or glass ionomer cement were used in different thicknesses and where amalgam restorations were used with different Young’s modulus values. The least stress accumulation was observed in the cement itself. Conclusions: According to the results obtained, there was no difference between the two cement types in terms of stress accumulations in the models. However, when the same cements with different thicknesses were evaluated, it was concluded that the presence of both glass ionomer and resin cement with a thickness of 150 μm causes less stress on the restoration surface. Furthermore, when the cements were combined with different thicknesses and with different amalgam Young’ s modulus values, it was concluded that 50 GPa causes less stress on restoration surface.

Tensile Adhesion Strength of Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed MgAl2O4, Al2O3 Coatings

This study analyses the distribution of stress during the testing of glued cylindrical specimens with thermally sprayed MgAl2O4, Al2O3 oxide coatings in order to evaluate the tensile adhesion strength. The set of studies that make up this work were conducted in order to evaluate the influence of the geometric parameters of cylindrical test specimens, 25 mm in diameter by 16–38.1 mm in height, on the measured tensile adhesion strength of the specimens. The stress and strain states inside the coating and at the coating-substrate interface were determined using the finite element modelling method. The debonding mechanisms, failure mode and influence of the coating microstructure on bond strength are also discussed. The finite element stress analysis shows a significant level of non-uniform stress distribution in the test specimens. The analysis of the results of the modelling stresses and strains using the finite element method for six types of cylindrical specimens, as well as the values obtained for the adhesion testing of MgAl2O4, Al2O3 coatings, show a need to increase the height of the standard cylindrical specimen (according to ASTM C633-13 (2021), GOST 9.304-87). The height should be increased by no less than 1.5–2.0 times to reduce the level of a non-uniform stress distribution in the separation area.

Destructive Reliability Analysis of Electromagnetic MEMS Micromirror Under Vibration Environment

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) micro-mirrors have shown great potential in consumer applications, such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) devices and portable laser projectors. The LiDAR based on electromagnetic MEMS micro-mirror is usually exposed to vibration loads for autonomous vehicles, which results in the necessity for the destructive reliability assessment of micromirrors under vibration environment, but such studies are rarely reported. This paper explores the destructive reliability of electromagnetic MEMS micromirror under vibration environment according to the JESD22-B103B standard. The reliability evaluation is conducted by experimental tests, finite element stress analysis and theoretical dynamic response analysis. Micromirrors are tested under sweep excitation, and they are failed with the vibration level of around 33 g. The failure and stress analysis demonstrate that the crack fracture is located at the root of the slow axis. The nonlinear relationship between the peak displacement of the balance frame and acceleration levels is investigated through theoretical analysis. The nonlinearity of stiffness hardening is induced by the axial tensile strain of the beam, which contributes to the displacement-reduction of the gimbal. This work provides some valuable suggestions for the optimization design of MEMS micromirrors to improve the acceleration tolerance level in vibration environment.

Fatigue life prediction of composite tidal turbine blades

Fibre reinforced polymer composites are frequently used in the design of tidal turbine blades where cyclic stresses brought on by the velocity fluctuations of tidal currents limit the in-service life of the blade. This paper presents a fatigue life prediction methodology for composite tidal turbine blades based on combined hydrodynamic and finite element structural models with the view to characterize the fatigue properties and failure modes of candidate composite material manufactured by vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding process. A hydrodynamic analysis is presented of the tidal flows over a typical tidal turbine blade. Using stream tube method, the temporal variations of tidal flows including the effect of support structure and waves provide the cyclic loading of the blades. The fatigue data for the tested material under realistic marine conditions is then used as input into the fatigue model which allows the prediction of the fatigue life. Incorporating fatigue failure modes with the finite element stress analysis of tidal turbine blades, showed that environmentally affected fatigue failure modes such as delamination is associated with blade root area when the blade is subjected to the cyclic tidal currents. Case study results for two commercial scale tidal turbine blades with energy output of 1.5 and 0.35 MW are shown to establish the methodology. The tidal turbine blade design methodology presented here can be used to assess the life expectancy of composite blade and tidal device energy production.

Investigation of the Effects of Adhesive Materials of Different Types and Thicknesses on Dental Tissue Stress via FEM Analysis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the types and thicknesses of adhesive materials used in restorative treatment in dentistry in class I occlusal and class II disto-occlusal cavities and to examine the effects of stress distribution on enamel, dentin, restoration material, and adhesive material using the finite element stress analysis method. A 3-dimensional geometry of the tooth was obtained by scanning the extracted 26 numbered upper molar tooth with dental tomography. The 3D geometry obtained by using the Geomagic Design X 2020.0 software was divided into surfaces, and necessary arrangements were made. With the Solidworks 2013 software, 2 different cavity modeling, class I occlusal and class II disto-occlusal, with a cavity angle of 95 degrees on the 3D model, as well as 10, 30, and 50 micrometers thick, four types of adhesive materials and the modeling of the bulk-fill composite material on it were made. With finite element stress analysis, the stress distribution was analyzed using the Abaqus software. The materials used in the study are included in the simulation as isotropic linear elastic. Periodontal ligament and jawbone were not included in the analysis. A total of 600 N pressure was applied on the models. In our study, it was observed that the amount of stress on the tooth structures changed when the thickness, elastic modulus, and Poisson ratios of the adhesive material were changed. In addition, when all models are examined, it is seen that when the thickness is increased, more stress is placed on the adhesive material compared to the restoration, while when 50-micrometer-thick adhesive material is used, more stress is placed on the restoration compared to the adhesive material.

Ti6Al4V orthopedic implant with biomimetic heterogeneous structure via 3D printing for improving osteogenesis

In nature, many natural porous tissues of animals or plants follow heterogeneous structures pattern. Including turtle back pattern, leaf veins, wood porous fiber and porous cancellous bone are classic heterogeneous structures. In order to better design bionic microenvironment porous bone implants, herein, a bionic porous structure based on Voronoi-Thiessen diagram to create heterogeneous topology microenvironment promoting bone regeneration were proposed. Porous structures with tunable heterogeneity were built and achieved by selective laser melting (SLM). The topology analysis revealed the introduce of heterogeneity brought wide pore size distribution and irregular topology. The mechanical and hydrodynamics properties were predesigned and simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). The heterogeneity hardly influenced the overall strength, stiffness and permeability but the irregular stress and fluid shear rate distribution in FEA results indicated fluctuating local stiffness and permeability. In vitro and in vivo experimental results indicated that Quasi-homogeneous structure had irregular topology mimicking that of the natural bone structure and semi-heterogenous structure shown better osteogenesis. It is found that the scaffold heterogeneous microenvironment factors play important roles for bone regeneration, and which is crucial for the development of new orthopedic implants.

New insights on the tectonic framework using EIGEN6C4 gravity data, seismicity, and finite element stress analysis: An attempt to map earthquake vulnerable zones in parts of North-East India and surroundings

Shillong Plateau and its surroundings experience frequent seismic activities characterised by the complex tectonic setup covering different parts of the Eastern Himalaya, Indo-Burma ranges and their conflux at the Assam syntaxis; which need further multivariate investigations. The present study deals with a combined analysis of EIGEN6C4 Bouguer gravity data, 56 years (1964–2020) seismicity data, 11 stations GPS velocity data (1996–2015) and focal mechanism of twelve earthquake events (1996–2017). We have enhanced Bouguer gravity data using the Theta derivative. Upward continuations of the Bouguer gravity were estimated at the heights of 5 km, 10 km, 20 km, 40 km, 60 km, and 100 km, which helped to infer the approximate persistent depth of the structures. Theta derivatives for the upward continued maps have also been estimated to enhance structures and fault zones at different approximated depths. Large numbers of smaller lineaments and shallow crustal smaller blocks are delineated at ∼2.5 km depth, whereas medium grade lineaments are mostly limited within the depth range of 2.5–25 km. However, relatively longer crustal-scale lineaments are highlighted at a greater depth of ∼30 km or more. Euler depth solutions of Bouguer gravity indicate a density heterogeneity interface in the depth range of 12–23 km that corroborates well with upward continuation results and past seismicity data. We have estimated Moho depth using the Parker-Oldenburg algorithm from the Bouguer gravity data. It delineates nine thin crustal structural features (S1–S9), twelve thick crustal structural features (D1-D12) and eleven crustal-scale lineaments (L1-L11) based on the distinct variations of Moho depths and their extensions. The b-value analysis indicates the highest order of b-value in the 15–30 km depth range, mainly in Mikir hill (∼1.7), the eastern part of Shillong Plateau (1.5) and the Indo-Burma ranges (2.3) that perhaps correlate well with the heterogeneity interface delineated by Euler depth solutions. The Eastern Himalaya generally exhibits characteristic low-Bouguer anomaly, high lineament density, low to moderate b-value, and deep-Moho/thick crust. The seismic stress model estimated using the finite element approach exhibits higher-order stress (∼34 MPa) around the central part of Shillong Plateau and at the northern part of Mikir hill with an SW-NE trend. Seismic stress correlates well with the regional lineament trend, GPS velocity/strain direction and low b-value, the joint analysis help to delineate a possible zone of future large earthquakes.

Research on Structural Optimization Design of Plate Gate

The bulkhead gate of simple structure, easy fabrication, easy maintenance, safe and reliable degree is high, widely used in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, have stronger effects of spatial structure, this paper adopts three-dimensional finite element stress analysis, modeling and research of the relationship between the structure parameters and the structure performance, and then through the ANSYS software to optimize design. The analysis results show that the optimized gate has lighter weight and saves more materials under the condition of satisfying the strength and stiffness constraints.

Fretting fatigue behaviours of SiC reinforced aluminium alloy matrix composite and its monolithic alloy

This study presents the experimental and FEA (finite element analysis) investigations on the fretting fatigue behaviours of the metal matrix composite, 2124 Al–Cu–Mg alloy reinforced with 17 vol% of 3 μm SiC particles by a powder metallurgical route and its equivalent monolithic alloy, 2024. The predicted stress concentration and orientation from the nonlinear FEA stress analyses are aligned with the experimental observation including fretting wear damage and crack initiation and propagation. Compared with its equivalent monolithic alloy, the composite in the naturally aged condition (T4) demonstrates similar subsurface degradation but the crack propagation life is much shorter. In general, the composite has shown superior fretting fatigue performance in the low cycle regime (104 to 4x105 cycles) but not in the high cycle regime (4x105 to 107 cycles). Its fretting fatigue behaviour is interpreted in terms of higher wear resistance, delayed crack initiation, superior tensile strength in the low cycle regime. The reported fretting fatigue performance of the composite suggest the different material behaviours in low and high cycle regimes should be considered when developing a fretting fatigue damage model and assessing an engineering design.

A Finite Element Stress Analysis of a Concical Triangular Connection in Implants: A New Proposal.

Conical implant–abutment connections are popular for their stability; however, in other conditions, such as excessive force, implants and abutments can absorb all the stress. Some connections with three points of support can resist more than conical connections. In recent years, different studies has shown that the design of a connection affects its stability. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the stresses in finite elements (FEs) in a newly proposed conical triangular connection in implants with hexagonal and conical connections. A nonlinear 3D FE parametric model was developed using SOLIDWORKS 2017®. All the connections, i.e., external and internal hexagons, morse taper, conical connection, and the new conical triangular proposal were compared when axial forces of 150, 250, and 350 N were applied to the occlusal. The maximum stress was found in the external hexagon. The maximum stress was concentrated at the level of the neck of the abutment, implant, and bone, except for the morse taper; at the level of the crown and abutment, the lowest stress occurred in the new proposal. Conclusions: The new conical triangular (CT) connection and the conical connection (CC) generate similar stress in the implant, abutment, and crown. However, the CT connection improves the CC by reducing stress at the bone level, adding an advantage to having three retention points.

Performance Evaluation of Spiral Coil Receiver for Thermal Steam Generation Using Optical and Thermal Analysis of Parabolic Dish Concentrator

Solar energy has been advocated as the substitute for depleting fossil fuels for thermal applications and electricity generation. The research was aimed at determining the performance evaluation of the spiral coil receiver for thermal steam generation using a parabolic concentrating system. The parabolic dish solar concentrator (PDSC) with a rim angle of450C, the focal length of 6.15 m, and an aperture area of 5.8 m2 were designed and constructed for the determination of the variables. The PDSC and spiral coil receiver were made of stainless-steel reflector sheet and copper tube pipe respectively. Since the PDSC is for high enthalpy steam generation, it can be used for hot water and cooking applications. A finite element stress analysis was carried out to determine the thermal and optical efficiency of the system under various weather conditions. The thermal efficiency and optical analysis of the system were determined and obtained to be 54.4%, and 48.6% respectively. The efficiency according to the finding depends on the optical properties of the materials involved, the geometry of the collector, and the various imperfections arising from the construction of the collector.

A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Mini-Implant supported K-Loop for Maxillary Molar Distalization

Introduction: The study was conducted to assess the stress and displacement effects of a mini-implant supported k-loop on the maxillary dentition for distalization with 3-dimensional (3D) finite element stress analysis. Materials and Methods: A 3D model of the maxilla with all teeth, periodontal ligament, bone, mini-implants, brackets, and archwire was used in this study. The analytic model used in this study like brackets, wire, K-loop, and mini-implants was developed using a reverse engineering technique extracting the dimensional details of the physical parts using precision measuring instruments. Results: The distobuccal movement on the first molar and second molar were 0.26864 mm and 0.00833 mm, respectively. A total of 0.25 mm intrusion movement was seen on distal cusp of the first molar and 0.14 mm extrusion movement seen on mesial cusp of the first molar. A total of 0.25 mm and 0.00260 mm intrusion movement was seen on the distal cusp of the first molar and second molar, respectively. A total of 0.14 mm and 0.00324 mm extrusion movement was seen on the mesial cusp of the first molar and second molar, respectively. Conclusions: There was a large amount of distal displacement of the first molar, also negligible amount of tipping of the first molar and mesial movement of first premolar.