Stress Coping Behavior Research Articles

The Effect of Mindfulness and Family Support on the Stress-Coping Behavior of the Primary Care-givers for the Elderly With Dementia

The Effect of Mindfulness and Family Support on the Stress-Coping Behavior of the Primary Care-givers for the Elderly With Dementia

Selective Inactivation of Fibroblast Growth Factor 22 (FGF22) in CA3 Pyramidal Neurons Impairs Local Synaptogenesis and Affective Behavior Without Affecting Dentate Neurogenesis.

Various growth factors regulate synapse development and neurogenesis, and are essential for brain function. Changes in growth factor signaling are implicated in many neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, autism and epilepsy. We have previously identified that fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22) is critical for excitatory synapse formation in several brain regions including the hippocampus. Mice with a genetic deletion of FGF22 (FGF22 null mice) have fewer excitatory synapses in the hippocampus. We have further found that as a behavioral consequence, FGF22 null mice show a depression-like behavior phenotype such as increased passive stress-coping behavior and anhedonia, without any changes in motor, anxiety, or social cognitive tests, suggesting that FGF22 is specifically important for affective behavior. Thus, addressing the precise roles of FGF22 in the brain will help understand how synaptogenic growth factors regulate affective behavior. In the hippocampus, FGF22 is expressed mainly by CA3 pyramidal neurons, but also by a subset of dentate granule cells. We find that in addition to synapse formation, FGF22 also contributes to neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus: FGF22 null mice show decreased dentate neurogenesis. To understand the cell type-specific roles of FGF22, we generated and analyzed CA3-specific FGF22 knockout mice (FGF22-CA3KO). We show that FGF22-CA3KO mice have reduced excitatory synapses on CA3 pyramidal neurons, but do not show changes in dentate neurogenesis. Behaviorally, FGF22-CA3KO mice still show increased immobility and decreased latency to float in the forced swim test and decreased preference for sucrose in the sucrose preference test, which are suggestive of a depressive-like phenotype similar to FGF22 null mice. These results demonstrate that: (i) CA3-derived FGF22 serves as a target-derived excitatory synaptic organizer in CA3 in vivo; (ii) FGF22 plays important roles in dentate neurogenesis, but CA3-derived FGF22 is not involved in neurogenesis; and (iii) a depression-like phenotype can result from FGF22 inactivation selectively in CA3 pyramidal neurons. Our results link the role of CA3-derived FGF22 in synapse development, and not in neurogenesis, to affective behavior.

Hsp90 and FKBP51: complex regulators of psychiatric diseases.

Mood disorders affect nearly a quarter of the world's population. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions is of great importance. FK-506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) encodes the FKBP51 protein, a heat shock protein 90 kDa (Hsp90) co-chaperone, and is a risk factor for several affective disorders. FKBP51, in coordination with Hsp90, regulates glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity via a short negative feedback loop. This signalling pathway rapidly restores homeostasis in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis following stress. Expression of FKBP5 increases with age through reduced DNA methylation. High levels of FKBP51 are linked to GR resistance and reduced stress coping behaviour. Moreover, common allelic variants in the FKBP5 gene are associated with increased risk of developing affective disorders like anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This review highlights the current understanding of the Hsp90 co-chaperone, FKBP5, in disease from both human and animal studies. In addition, FKBP5 genetic implications in the clinic involving life stress exposure, gender differences and treatment outcomes are discussed.This article is part of the theme issue 'Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective'.

Impact of self-esteem and sex on stress reactions

Positive self-evaluation is a major psychological resource modulating stress coping behavior. Sex differences have been reported in self-esteem as well as stress reactions, but so far their interactions have not been investigated. Therefore, we investigated sex-specific associations of self-esteem and stress reaction on behavioral, hormonal and neural levels. We applied a commonly used fMRI-stress task in 80 healthy participants. Men compared to women showed higher activation during stress in hippocampus, precuneus, superior temporal gyrus (STG) and insula. Furthermore, men outperformed women in the stress task and had higher cortisol and testosterone levels than women after stress. Self-esteem had an impact on precuneus, insula and STG activation during stress across the whole group. During stress, men recruit regions associated with emotion and stress regulation, self-referential processing and cognitive control more strongly than women. Self-esteem affects stress processing, however in a sex-independent fashion: participants with lower self-esteem show higher activation of regions involved in emotion and stress regulation, self-referential processing and cognitive control. Taken together, our data suggest that men are more engaged during the applied stress task. Across women and men, lower self-esteem increases the effort in emotion and stress processing and cognitive control, possibly leading to self-related thoughts in stressful situations.

Components of schizophrenia liability are not uniformly associated with stress sensitivity, resilience, and coping

Stress sensitization is a candidate final common pathway for the development of schizophrenia. In other psychopathologies, resilience attenuates the stressor-outcome relationships. Therefore, we sought to determine whether resilience moderates the association between stress sensitivity and schizophrenia liability. Undergraduates (n = 230) self-reported cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganisation attributes of schizophrenia liability as well as ratings of sensitivity to stress, resilience, and dispositional coping behaviour. Bivariate analyses showed components of schizophrenia liability were significantly predicted by greater stress sensitivity, poor resilience and adaptive coping, and greater maladaptive coping behaviour. However, regression modelling suggested that cognitive-perceptual attributes were uniquely predicted by stress sensitivity in models that include resilience. In contrast, interpersonal attributes had a weaker relationship with stress sensitivity and were strongly predicted by poor resilience. In general, resilience did not moderate the relationship of stress sensitivity with schizophrenia liability. Unexpectedly, some specific attributes of resilience (personal strength, structured style) potentiated the relationship of stress sensitivity with schizophrenia liability. We conclude that the relationships of stress sensitivity, resilience, and coping with attributes of schizophrenia liability are not uniform and speculate that the pattern of associations may reflect the different influences of chronic stress exposures and neurocognitive functioning.

Effects of Empathic Ability and Campus Life Stress on Stress Coping Behaviors in Dental Hygiene Students

Effects of Empathic Ability and Campus Life Stress on Stress Coping Behaviors in Dental Hygiene Students

Perceived Organizational Support, Stress Coping Behaviors and Mediating Role of Psychological Capital: Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers

Abstract High level stress in work place is known to be associated with negative organizational behaviors and bad organizational performance. There are individual and organizational factors influencing stress coping behavior of employees. In this study we explore the impact of employees’ perceptions of organizational support on their stress coping capabilities (problem-focused stress coping and emotion-focused stress coping) and whether their psychological capital (PsyCap) plays a mediating role in this relationship using the sample of employees in special education and rehabilitation centers in Turkey. Multivariate statistical analyses show a significant positive relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) and problem-focused stress coping (PFSC), and no significant relationship between POS and emotion-focused stress coping (EFSC). A significant positive association is detected between POS and PsyCap. Accordingly, our findings show that PsyCap plays a partial mediating role in the association between POS and PFSC.

The Impact of Traumatic Incident Experience on Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Coping Behavior among Firefighters

본 연구는 소방관들의 외상성 사건경험이 외상 후 스트레스 증상과 대처행동에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 K도에 소재한 16개 소방서에 재직하고 있는 소방관 557명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 연구는 2015년 2월 7일부터 7월 8일까지 진행하였다. 수집된 자료는 Windows용 SPSS 20.0을 사용하여 빈도분석과 기술통계, 요인분석과 Cronbach’s &#9082;와 상관관계를 실시하였다. 또한 가설 검증을 위해 구조방정식 모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 통계분석은 유의수준은 p<0.05로 설정하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외상성 사건경험이 외상 후 스트레스 증상에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 외상성 사건경험이 대처행동에 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 외상 후 스트레스 증상이 대처행동에 영향을 미치는것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과로 보아 소방관들의 외상 후 스트레스를 해소하기 위한 국내 실정에 맞는 제도적 방안이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the traumatic event experiences of firefighters on their post-traumatic stress symptoms and coping behaviors. The subjects in this study were 557 selected firefighters who worked in fire stations in a province in South Korea. This survey was implemented from February 7 to July 8, 2015. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha analysis, and correlation analysis using SPSS (Win 20.2). In addition, structural equation modelling was carried out to test the hypotheses of the study. The results are as follows. First, traumatic event experiences were found to have affected stress symptoms. Second, traumatic event experiences were found to have exerted an influence on coping behaviors. Third, traumatic stress symptoms were found to have impacted on coping behaviors. Given the findings of the study, institutional measures should take into account the domestic circumstances to relieve the post-traumatic stress of firefighters.

Immediate biological embedding of maltreatment in children: Berlin Longitudinal Children Study (BerlinLCS)

Stressful life events during childhood and adolescence are important risk factors for the development of psychopathologies later in life. The corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and the CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1) have been implicated in the link between early life adversity and adult anxiety and depression, with rodent studies identifying the very early postnatal period as highly susceptible to this programming. Here, we investigated whether stress exposure during the peripubertal period – comprising juvenility and puberty – is effective in inducing long-lasting changes in the expression of CRHR1 and CRHR2 in the hippocampus and amygdala, and whether treating animals with a CRHR1 antagonist following stress exposure could reverse behavioral alterations induced by peripuberty stress. We show that peripuberty stress leads to enhanced expression of the Crhr1, but not Crhr2, gene in the hippocampal CA1 and the central nucleus of the amygdala, in association with social deficits in the social exploration test and increased stress-coping behaviors in the forced swim test. Treatment with the CRHR1 antagonist NBI30775 (10 mg/kg) daily for 1 week (from P43 to P49), immediately following peripuberty stress exposure, prevented the occurrence of those psychopathological behaviors at adulthood. These findings highlight peripuberty as a period of plasticity for the enduring modulation of the CRHR1 system and support a growing body of data implicating the CRHR1 system in the programming effects of early life stress on eventual psychopathology. They also support recent evidence indicating that temporarily tackling CRHR1 during development might represent a therapeutic opportunity to correct behavioral trajectories linking early stress to adult psychopathology.

Enhanced Stress Response in 5-HT1AR Overexpressing Mice: Altered HPA Function and Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation.

Postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors (5-HT1AR) play an important role in anxiety and stress, although their contribution is still controversial. Previous studies report that mice overexpressing postsynaptic 5-HT1ARs show no changes in basal anxiety, though the influence of stress conditions has not been addressed yet. In this study, we used this animal model to evaluate the role of 5-HT1ARs in anxiety response after pre-exposure to an acute stressor. Under basal conditions, 5-HT1AR overexpressing animals presented high corticosterone levels and a lower mineralocorticoid/glucocorticoid receptor ratio. After pre-exposure to a single stressor, they showed a high anxiety-like response, associated with a blunted increase in corticosterone levels and higher c-Fos activation in the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, these mice also presented a lack of downregulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation after stress exposure. Therefore, higher postsynaptic 5-HT1AR activation might predispose to a high anxious phenotype and an impaired stress coping behavior.

ストレス・コーピングと飲酒行動(1997年/第38回日本心身医学会総会/東京)

ストレス・コーピングと飲酒行動(1997年/第38回日本心身医学会総会/東京)

아동이 지각한 부․모의 자율-통제 양육태도와 심리적 안녕감의 관계에서 스트레스 대처행동의 매개효과

아동이 지각한 부․모의 자율-통제 양육태도와 심리적 안녕감의 관계에서 스트레스 대처행동의 매개효과

Coping Behavior Assessment Scale (Indian Adaptation): Establishing Psychometrics Properties

The stress coping behavior scale (SCBS) was designed to measure the stress coping behavior of the Indian adult population. The brief cope scale was originally developed by Carver (1997). This measured stress coping styles and used as a base for the development of SCBS in Indian context. The main objective of the present study was to determine the psychometric properties of SCBS. The SCBS has 28 items assessing stress coping behaviors among adults. The analysis included basic items and scale description as well as concurrent validity data revealed 28 items SCBS. The statistical analysis of content through internal consistency of alpha (α) and construct validity as well as exploratory factor analysis, reliability provided evidence of significant, convergent and discriminate validity is significant evidence of the scale. The result of exploratory factor analysis revealed two important factors namely- Adaptive Coping and Maladaptive coping behavior, which are 15 items in adaptive coping behavior and 08 items in maladaptive coping behavior. The psychometric properties reveal that the scale is reliable and valid in the Indian population.

Separation increases passive stress-coping behaviors during forced swim and alters hippocampal dendritic morphology in California mice

Individuals within monogamous species form bonds that may buffer against the negative effects of stress on physiology and behavior. In some species, involuntary termination of the mother-offspring bond results in increased symptoms of negative affect in the mother, suggesting that the parent-offspring bond may be equally as important as the pair bond. To our knowledge, the extent to which affect in paternal rodents is altered by involuntary termination of the father-offspring bond is currently unknown. Here, we investigated to what extent separation and paternal experience alters passive stress-coping behaviors and dendritic morphology in hippocampal subfields of California mice (Peromyscus californicus). Irrespective of paternal experience, separated mice displayed shorter latencies to the first bout of immobility, longer durations of immobility, and more bouts of immobility than control (non-separated) mice. This effect of separation was exacerbated by paternal experience in some measures of behavioral despair—separation from offspring further decreased the latency to immobility and increased bouts of immobility. In the dentate gyrus, separation reduced dendritic spine density regardless of paternal experience. Increased spine density was observed on CA1 basal, but not apical, dendrites following paternal experience. Regardless of offspring presence, fatherhood was associated with reduced apical dendritic spine density in area CA3 of the hippocampus. Separation enhanced complexity of both basal and apical dendrites in CA1, while fatherhood reduced dendritic complexity in this region. Our data suggest that forced dissolution of the pair bond induces passive stress-coping behaviors and contributes to region-specific alterations in hippocampal structure in California mouse males.

Prior fear conditioning does not impede enhanced active avoidance in serotonin transporter knockout rats

Stressors can be actively or passively coped with, and adequate adaption of the coping response to environmental conditions can reduce their potential deleterious effects. One major factor influencing stress coping behaviour is serotonin transporter (5-HTT) availability. Abolishment of 5-HTT is known to impair fear extinction but facilitates acquisition of signalled active avoidance (AA), a behavioural task in which an animal learns to avoid an aversive stimulus that is predicted by a cue. Flexibility in adapting coping behaviour to the nature of the stressor shapes resilience to stress-related disorders. Therefore, we investigated the relation between 5-HTT expression and ability to adapt a learned coping response to changing environmental conditions. To this end, we first established and consolidated a cue-conditioned passive fear response in 5-HTT−/− and wildtype rats. Next, we used the conditioned stimulus (CS) to signal oncoming shocks during signalled AA training in 5-HTT−/− and wildtype rats to study their capability to acquire an active coping response to the CS following fear conditioning. Finally, we investigated the behavioural response to the CS in a novel environment and measured freezing, exploration and self-grooming, behaviours reflective of stress coping strategy. We found that fear conditioned and sham conditioned 5-HTT−/− animals acquired the signalled AA response faster than wildtypes, while prior conditioning briefly delayed AA learning similarly in both genotypes. Subsequent exposure to the CS in the novel context reduced freezing and increased locomotion in 5-HTT−/− compared to wildtype rats. This indicates that improved AA performance in 5-HTT−/− rats resulted in a weaker residual passive fear response to the CS in a novel context. Fear conditioning prior to AA training did not affect freezing upon re-encountering the CS, although it did reduce locomotion in 5-HTT−/− rats. We conclude that independent of 5-HTT signalling, prior fear conditioning does not greatly impair the acquisition of subsequent active coping behaviour when the situation allows for it. Abolishment of 5-HTT results in a more active coping style in case of novelty-induced fear and upon CS encounter in a novel context after AA learning.

Japanese University Teachers’ Depression Status and Its Influence Factors

Risk factors of the depression are the occupational stress. The mental health condition of university teachers who participate in the socialization of diverse students is an important issue; however, there are few studies on depression among university teachers. The purpose of this study is to clarify Japanese university teachers’ depression status assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and its influence factors: Japanese university teachers’ depression status depression status, personal background, job situation, social support, and stress coping behavior. The self-administered questionnaire survey was mailed to 924 university teachers in Japan, with a survey return rate of 43.8% (N = 405). A total of 342 surveys were completed and valid. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Japanese version of the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) and the Work Situation Questionnaire (WSQ) were analyzed to clarify the depression status and its influence factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors related to the major depression. The subjects included 274 men (80.1%) and 68 women (19.9%), 105 professors (30.7%), 52 associate professors (15.2%), 53 lecturers (15.5%) and 132 assistants (38.6%). The subjects’ mean of age and teaching experiences were 44.1 ± 9.7 years, 15.6 ± 10.1 years. The mean PHQ score was 3.9 ± 4.1, and 307 subjects (89.8%) were 0 - 9 points and 35 subjects (10.2%) were over 10 points (10 points or over). For women [OR = 7.009, 95% CI 2.387 - 20.584; p

Levels of Clinical Practice Stress and Coping Strategies according to Nursing Students' Personality/Behavior Types

Purpose: This study was performed to identify levels of clinical practice stress and coping strategies according to the personality/behavior types of nursing students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 143 third- and fourth-grade nursing students in 14 nursing colleges who had experienced clinical practice. The questionnaire consisted of instruments to identify Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, and Conscientiousness (DISC) personality/ behavior types, clinical stress, and stress coping strategies. The data were analyzed using Cronbach’s α, descriptive statistics, and ANOVA, using the SPSS 24.0 program. Results: The DISC pattern showed high priority in Steadiness (48.3%), followed by Conscientiousness (21.0%), Influence (16.1%), and Dominance (14.7%), in that order. The steadiness type showed the lowest level of stress among four patterns. Conclusion: This study found that the personality/behavior types of nursing students differ. Additionally, different personality/behavior types can be attributed to stress levels and stress coping behaviors. Based on these results, different personality and behavior types of nursing students should be considered to manage their stress levels related to the clinical practicum experience.

Effects of Stress Coping Behaviors on Higher Grade Elementary School Students’ Internet Game Addiction: Focused on Gender Difference

Effects of Stress Coping Behaviors on Higher Grade Elementary School Students’ Internet Game Addiction: Focused on Gender Difference

지체장애인의 사회적 지지와 지역사회참여의 관계에서 스트레스 대처 능력의 매개효과 검증 - 개인요인과 환경요인의 융복합적 관점을 중심으로

본 연구는 지체장애인의 지역사회참여를 결정할 수 있는 요인으로 사회적 지지와 스트레스 대처 능력을 선정하고, 사회적 지지가 스트레스 대처 능력을 매개하여 지역사회참여에 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 분석하여, 지체장애인의 지역사회통합을 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 부산광역시의 시각, 뇌병변, 발달 장애인 복지관을 제외한 장애인복지관 11개를 전수조사하여, 총 292부의 설문지를 회수․분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 지체장애인의 사회적 지지는 지역사회참여에 정적인 영향을 미치는 변인으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 사회적지지는 스트레스 대처 능력에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 스트레스 대처 능력은 지역사회참여에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 사회적지지는 스트레스 대처능력에 부분매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났으며, 지역사회참여에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 지체장애인의 지역사회참여를 위해 제언을 시도하였다. This study examined the social support of the physically disabled persons(PDP) and stress coping behaviors as the factor determining their Community Participation. It also analyzed the possibility of such social support influencing their community participation using their stress handling ability as a moderator. The analysis first revealed that the social support for PDP is a positive variable influencing their community participation. Second, the social support has a positive effect on their stress coping behaviors. Third, their stress coping behaviors had a positive effect on their community participation. Fourth, the social support, partially serving as a moderator for boosting their stress coping behaviors, had a positive effect on their community participation. Based on these findings of this study, a proposal for PDP's community participation was made.

Host Interleukin 6 and Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase Regulate Inflammation in the Brain during Graft Versus Host Disease

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) commonly induces pathological damage in peripheral target organs such as the skin, liver and gastrointestinal tract leading to well characterized organ-specific clinical manifestations. A number of studies, however, have shown that patients with GVHD can also have behavioral and mood alterations that can affect overall cognitive function and lead to significant impairments in quality of life. The extent to which GVHD contributes to cognitive dysfunction and induces inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS), however, has not been critically examined. To address this question, we conducted studies using two well-defined murine GVHD models [C57BL/6(H-2b)→Balb/c (H-2d) and B10.BR(H-2k)→B6 (H-2b)]. We observed that there was a significant increase in the number of donor-derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the brains of GVHD recipients early (days 7 -14) and late (day 42) post transplantation compared to BM controls. Histological studies revealed activated microglial cells and CD3+ T cell infiltration in the periventricular regions of brains in GVHD recipients that were not present in BM animals. Real time q-PCR analysis also demonstrated significant increases in IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA expression indicative of a proinflammatory state. Notably, GVHD animals exhibited behavioral changes in the forced swim test and elevated plus maze which are validated assays of stress coping and anxiety, respectively. Since IL-6, in particular, plays a pivotal role in GVHD pathogenesis in murine models and humans, we examined whether blockade of IL-6 signaling altered neuroinflammation. Animals treated with an anti-IL-6R antibody had a significant reduction in the number of donor-derived CD4+ and CD8+T cells in the brain compared to isotype control-treated mice. Anti-IL-6R treatment of GVHD mice also resulted in significant reductions in IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA and normalized behavior in the forced swim test, indicative of a decreased inflammatory response. Since IL-6 is produced by a wide variety of cells, including microglial and T cells, both donor and recipient cells have the potential to modulate GVHD severity within the CNS. To define whether donor or host IL-6 production was most critical for inducing neuroinflammation, experiments were conducted employing IL-6-/- mice as either donors or recipients. Whereas the absence of IL-6 in donor-derived cells had no impact on the degree of inflammation within the CNS, recipient animals that lacked IL-6 had a significant decrease in the number of donor-derived T cells which accumulated in the brain as well as a marked reduction in inflammatory cytokines, indicating that host IL-6 production was critical. To define the downstream pathways of IL-6-mediated CNS inflammation, we examined the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) since IL-6 has been shown to upregulate IDO-1 expression under inflammatory conditions. We observed that IDO-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the brains of GVHD animals, and that blockade of IL-6 signaling resulted in a marked decrease in IDO mRNA levels. Additionally, transplantation studies using IDO-/- mice revealed that host, but not donor, IDO production was required for maximal inflammatory effects. Serotoninergic projections to the prefrontal cortex (PFC), in particular, are sensitive to inflammation and contribute to stress coping behavior. Therefore, to further interrogate this pathway, we performed quantitative mass spectrometry of brain extracts from the PFC. We found that tryptophan and 5HT concentrations were not different between BM and GVHD groups. However, there was an increase in the IDO product, kynurenic acid, in GVHD recipients consistent with an increase in brain IDO expression. To provide additional support for the premise that IL-6 effects were mediated through the IDO pathway, recipient mice were treated with either 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT), a completive inhibitor of IDO, or a vehicle control. GVHD mice treated with 1-MT had decreased accumulation of T cells in the brain and normal behavior in the forced swim test, demonstrating that inhibition of IDO abrogated CNS inflammation and behavioral changes in the presence of intact IL-6 signaling. In summary, these studies demonstrate that host IL-6 and IDO regulate inflammation and adversely impact behavioral function within the brain during GVHD through the tryptophan metabolic pathway. DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.