The effect of alloying and the strain rate on the occurrence and features of the manifestation of temperature ranges in which the strengthening of niobium alloys doped with Ti, Al, Cr, Mo, Zr, Si, C occurs was studied. It was found that in multicomponent solid solutions based on niobium up to sufficiently high temperatures more efficient hardening is provided than in precipitation hardened carbide alloys. It is shown that in multicomponent niobium alloys, which are a solid solution, the selection of alloying can be used to control the manifestation of a high-temperature hardening peak in a wide range. It is possible to change the temperature range of the peak manifestation, its height, sensitivity to the strain rate. The appearance of a high-temperature hardening peak is explained by the loss of stability of the multicomponent solid solution upon deformation in the dislocation field, which leads to the precipitation of dispersed particles of the second phase that pin the dislocations. Keywords: multicomponent niobium alloys, structure, temperature dependence of strength.